{{Short description|Species of lichen-forming fungus}} {{Use dmy dates|date=January 2026}} {{Use Oxford spelling|date=January 2026}} {{Speciesbox | image = | image_caption = | taxon = Gyalectidium verruculosum | authority = [[Sérus.]] (2001) | mapframe = yes | mapframe-zoom = 4 | mapframe-coordinates = {{coord|5|54|S|145|20|E}} | mapframe-caption = [[Holotype]]: Southern side of [[Ramu]] River, [[Brahman, Papua New Guinea|Brahman Mission]], Papua New Guinea }}
'''''Gyalectidium verruculosum''''' is a species of [[lichen]]-forming fungus in the family [[Gomphillaceae]].<ref name="CoL_3HNPK"/> It is a [[foliicolous lichen|leaf-dwelling lichen]] known from Australasia and the western Pacific, including Papua New Guinea, Australia ([[Queensland]] and [[New South Wales]]), and [[Vanuatu]]. The species is distinguished by its triangular reproductive scales that typically develop from the inner side of a crescent-shaped crystalline bulge on the [[thallus]] surface, a feature that separates it from the externally similar ''[[Gyalectidium filicinum]]''.
==Taxonomy== ''Gyalectidium verruculosum'' was [[species description|described]] as a new species in 2001 by [[Emmanuël Sérusiaux]]. It was separated from the externally similar ''[[Gyalectidium filicinum]]'' by the form of its {{lichengloss|hyphophores}} ([[asexual reproduction|asexual reproducive]] structures), whose triangular scale typically develops from the inner side of a crescent-shaped crystalline bulge on the thallus surface. The author noted that the species had probably been overlooked in Australasia because it could be confused with ''G. filicinum''.<ref name="Ferraro et al. 2001"/>
==Description== The [[thallus]] forms rounded patches about 2–5 mm in diameter. It is finely {{lichengloss|verrucose}} and pale greenish to greyish in colour.<ref name="Ferraro et al. 2001"/>
Hyphophores are produced on the thallus surface. Their scales are well developed and usually arise from a crescent-shaped, whitish crystalline bulge. The scales are obliquely to almost horizontally oriented and triangular, measuring about 0.15–0.25 mm long and 0.1–0.15 mm broad at the base. They are whitish translucent to pale greyish, only rarely with a bluish tinge. [[Apothecia]] (fruiting bodies) are rare overall but can be numerous on some thalli. When present, they are angular to rounded, about 0.15–0.25 mm in diameter, with a pale yellowish-brown to greenish-grey {{Lichengloss|disc}} that may be slightly {{Lichengloss|pruinose}}, and a whitish margin. The [[ascospore]]s are [[ellipsoid]] with dimensions of 25–35 × 10–15 [[μm]]. [[Pycnidia]] were not reported.<ref name="Ferraro et al. 2001"/>
==Habitat and distribution== ''Gyalectidium verruculosum'' was reported from [[lowland]] forest along the northern coast of Papua New Guinea, where it occurs together with ''[[Gyalectidium caucasicum]]'' and ''[[Gyalectidium flabellatum|G. flabellatum]]''. It was also recorded from Australia ([[Queensland]] and [[New South Wales]]) and from the [[Vanuatu]] archipelago.<ref name="Ferraro et al. 2001"/>
==References== <references>
<ref name="CoL_3HNPK">{{Catalogue of Life |id=3HNPK |title=''Gyalectidium verruculosum'' Sérus. |access-date=27 January 2026}}</ref>
<ref name="Ferraro et al. 2001">{{cite journal |last1=Ferraro |first1=Lidia I. |last2=Lücking |first2=Robert |last3=Sérusiaux |first3=Emmanuël |year=2001 |title=A world monograph of the lichen genus ''Gyalectidium'' (Gomphillaceae) |journal=Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society |volume=137 |issue=3 |pages=311–345 |doi=10.1111/j.1095-8339.2001.tb01126.x |doi-access=free}}</ref>
</references>
{{Taxonbar|from=Q21271049}}
[[Category:Gyalectidium|verruculosum]] [[Category:Lichen species]] [[Category:Lichens described in 2001]] [[Category:Lichens of Australia]] [[Category:Lichens of New Guinea]] [[Category:Lichens of Malesia]] [[Category:Taxa named by Emmanuël Sérusiaux]]