{{short description|American academic}} '''Guy Salvatore Alitto''' ({{zh|t= 艾恺 |p= Ai Kai}}) is an American academic in the History and East Asian Languages and Civilization Departments at the University of Chicago. He is known in China for revitalizing the scholarship on Chinese Confucian scholar Liang Shuming. He is also often quoted in popular Chinese media sources. He is best known in America for his scholarship and for his role as translator for the first official Chinese delegations to the United States after Richard Nixon's first visits to China.
==Career== Alitto received his Ph.D. at Harvard in 1975 in Chinese history. His advisors were Benjamin I. Schwartz and John Fairbank.<ref>[https://academictree.org/history/inst.php?locid=3797 History of History Tree]</ref> Alitto did not immediately find a faculty position in the United States. Instead, he took a part-time role in Donghai University in Taiwan.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Johnson |first1=Sheila |title=It's action, but is it affirmative? |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1975/05/11/archives/its-action-but-is-it-affirmative-applying-for-two-jobs-he-lost-out.html |access-date=7 November 2019 |work=New York Times |date=11 May 1975}}</ref>
His first book (published by University of California Press in 1979), ''The Last Confucian: Liang Shu-ming and the Chinese Dilemma of Modernity'', won the John K. Fairbank Prize. In it, Alitto studies Liang as a forward looking Confucian who put his thought into action. Liang, along with James Yen and Tao Xingzhi, was a leader in the Rural Reconstruction Movement of the 1920s and 1930s. His Rural Reconstruction project in Zouping County, Shandong, drew national attention but was destroyed in the Japanese Invasion of 1937. The Yale historian Jonathan Spence wrote in the ''New York Times'' "Sunday Book Review" that it was an "engrossing study" in which Liang was "lucky to have found a biographer who takes him seriously."<ref>{{citation|first=Jonathan|last=Spence|author-link= Jonathan Spence|title= The Last Confucian (review)|url=https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1979/08/12/113920807.pdf|journal=New York Times Sunday Book Review|date= 12 August 1979|page=3}}</ref>
Alitto was one of the first foreign academicians allowed into rural China and observed Zouping between 1987 and 1991. He continued visiting the area throughout the 80s and 90s, and it is reported in China Daily that the academic became a regular figure in the area.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Xu |first1=Zhao |last2=Ruixue |first2=Zhao |title=The project that opened a window to the world |url=http://usa.chinadaily.com.cn/epaper/2016-03/07/content_23768355.htm |website=China Daily USA |access-date=3 February 2020 |date=7 March 2016}}</ref>
==Influence in China== Alitto is best known in China for revitalizing scholarship into Liang Shuming with his ''The Last Confucian''. Before this book, Liang had been "consigned to the dustbin of history." Alitto was widely popularized in the China Central TV episode ''The Last Confucian and Me''.<ref name="ChicagoNews2011">{{cite web |last1=Harms |first1=Willian |title=Chinese film features Prof. Guy Alitto for his work with forgotten philosopher, political figure |url=https://news.uchicago.edu/story/chinese-film-features-prof-guy-alitto-his-work-forgotten-philosopher-political-figure |website=UChicago News |publisher=University of Chicago Office of Communications |access-date=7 November 2019 |date=18 November 2011 }}</ref>
Alitto is often cited in Chinese national media sources. Examples include Alitto's support of Chinese jurisdiction in the Senkaku Islands dispute,<ref>{{cite web |title=Ample facts presented in China's white paper on Diaoyu Islands: US scholars |url=http://www.china.org.cn/world/2012-09/29/content_26674734.htm |website=Xinhua News Agency |access-date=18 November 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130228052839/http://www.china.org.cn/world/2012-09/29/content_26674734.htm |archive-date=28 February 2013 |date=September 29, 2012 |url-status=live}}</ref> his statement that the Falun Gong "represents more of a rupture than a continuity with Chinese religious traditions,"<ref>{{cite web |last1=Daozu |first1=Bao |title=Int'l cooperation needed against cults: Experts |url=http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/cndy/2011-12/17/content_14280364.htm |website=China Daily |publisher=China Daily Information Co. |access-date=18 November 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191110202625/http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/cndy/2011-12/17/content_14280364.htm |archive-date=10 November 2019 |date=17 December 2011 |url-status=live}}</ref> or his interest in rural areas of China.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Yanjuan |first1=Wang |title=Amazing Change |url=http://www.bjreview.com.cn/business/txt/2008-12/22/content_171343.htm |website=Beijing Review |access-date=18 November 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150401040916/http://www.bjreview.com.cn/business/txt/2008-12/22/content_171343.htm |archive-date=1 April 2015 |location=New York, USA |date=25 December 2008 |url-status=live}}</ref>
==Select publications== * --, ed. ''Contemporary Confucianism in Thought and Action''. Berlin: Springer Berlin, 2015. * "Ershiyi shiji de shijiewenhua hui yanhuazhi rujiahua de wenhua ma?" (Will 21st century culture evolve into a Confucianized culture?) in Dushu (Beijing 1996). * "Zhongguo wenhua xingcheng de yaosu ji qi tezheng" (The essential elements in the formation of Chinese culture and their special features) in ''Guo Tingyi xiansheng jiuzhi danchen jinian lunwenji'' (Taipei 1995). * ''世界范围内的反现代化思潮 Shijie fanweinei de fanxiandaihua sichao: lun wenhua shouchengzhiyi'' (Anti-modernization thought trends in a world-wide perspective: on cultural conservatism) (Guiyang: Guizhou Provincial Press 1991). * {{cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/lastconfucian00guya/ |year=1979 |isbn=0-520-03123-7 |title=The Last Confucian: Liang Shu-ming and the Chinese Dilemma of Modernity |author=Guy S. Alitto |publisher=University of California Press |url-access=registration |via=Internet Archive}} * {{citation|last=Alitto|first=Guy S.|title= The Last Confucian: Liang Shu-ming and the Chinese Dilemma of Modernity|publisher= University of California Press; second ed.|url= https://books.google.com/books?id=dVJpoXcHGUoC&q=alitto+last+confucisn|year=1986|isbn=9780520053182 }}. * “Zouping in Historical Perspective” (Chap. 2), in Oi, Jean C. and Goldstein M, eds. ''Zouping Revisited: Adaptive Governance in a Chinese County''. Stanford, Ca. Stanford University Press. 2018 * 最后的儒家：梁漱溟与中国现代化的两难. 大学教育与研究出版社 (Beijing: Foreign Studies University Teaching and Research Press, 2014. Alitto's own translation of ''The Last Confucian: Liang Shuming and the Dilemma of Chinese Modernity.'' * {{cite journal|last =Alitto |first =Guy S. |authorlink = |title =Introduction: Review Symposium: Thomas A. Metzger's Escapte Fro Predicament |journal =The Journal of Asian Studies |volume =39 |issue = 2 |pages =237–243 |date =1980 |language = |jstor = 2054286|issn = |doi = 10.2307/2054286|s2cid =247663080 |ref=none |doi-access =free }}
==References== {{reflist}}
==External links== * {{citation|title=Guy S. Alitto, PhD.|url=https://ealc.uchicago.edu/faculty/alitto|publisher= University of Chicago|last=East Asian Languages and Culture|ref= none}} * {{citation|title=Guy Salvatore Alitto|url=https://history.uchicago.edu/directory/guy-salvatore-alitto|last= Department of History |publisher= University of Chicago}} {{authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Alitto, Guy}} Category:Living people Category:Harvard Graduate School of Arts and Sciences alumni Category:University of Chicago faculty Category:American sinologists Category:Historians of China Category:Chinese–English translators Category:Year of birth missing (living people) Category:American translators