Gustmeyer House

{{Short description|Building in Copenhagen}} {{Infobox building | name = Gustmeyer House | native_name = {{lang|da|Gustmeyers Gård}} | image = Gustmeyer House (Ved Stranden 14).jpg | image_alt = | caption = The principal facade facing [[Ved Stranden]] | former_names = | alternate_names = | pushpin_map = | pushpin_map_alt = | map_caption = Location within Denmark | building_type = | architectural_style = [[Neoclassical architecture|Neoclassical]] | structural_system = | cost = | location = [[Copenhagen]], [[Denmark]] | client = Frederik Ludolf Gustmeyer | owner = ATP Ejendomme | current_tenants = [[McKinsey & Company]] | landlord = | location_country = Denmark | altitude = | construction_start_date = 1796 | completion_date = 1797 | inauguration_date = | demolished_date = | height = | diameter = | other_dimensions = | floor_count = | floor_area = | main_contractor = | architect = [[Johan Martin Quist]] | structural_engineer = | services_engineer = | civil_engineer = | other_designers = | quantity_surveyor = | awards = | url = | references = }} The '''Gustmeyer House''' ([[Danish language|Danish]]: Gustmeyers Gård) is a historic property on [[Ved Stranden]], opposite [[Christiansborg Palace]] on [[Slotsholmen]], in central [[Copenhagen]], [[Denmark]]. It was built in 1797 to a [[Neoclassical architecture|Neoclassical]] design by [[Johan Martin Quist]]. The [[Nobel Prize]]-winning physicist [[Niels Bohr]] was born in the building. [[McKinsey & Company]] is now based in the building.

==History== ===18th century=== The site was formerly made up of two separate properties, one facing the canal and one facing Admiralgade on the other side of the block. The larger property towards the canal was listed in Copenhagen's first [[cadastre]] of 1689 as No. 212 and belonged to judge and mayor Christen Andersen at that time. The smaller property in Admiralgade was listed as No. 207 and belonged to Henrik Lydersen.<ref name="Ramsing">{{cite web|url=https://slaegtsbibliotek.dk/927796.pdf|title=Københavns Ejendomme, 1377-1728: Øster Kvarter|language=Danish|author=Ramsing, H. U.|publisher=SelsEjnar Munksgaard|access-date=22 April 2023}}</ref>

===Gustmeyer and the new building=== [[File:Christian Gedde - Øster Kvarter No. 249 & No. 254.png|thumb|left|No. 249 and No. 243 seen in a detail from [[Gedde's maps of Copenhagen|Christian Gedde's map]] of the East Quarter, 1757]]

The larger property towards the canal was at some point acquired by the general trader [[Carl Hieronimus Gustmeyer]], His property was listed in the new cadastre of 1756 as No. 249 in the East Quarter. The smaller property in Admiralgade was listed as No. 243 and belonged to cooper Christen Larsen but was later also acquired by Gustmeyer.

The property was after Carl Hieronimus Gustmeyer's death in 1756 passed down to his son Friedrich.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://runeberg.org/dbl/7/0030.html|title=Carl Hieronimus Gustmeyer|language=da|publisher=[[Dansk Biografisk Leksikon]]|access-date=12 March 2018}}</ref>

Frid.Ludolp Goubmeyer's property No. 249 was home to 21 residents in three households at the time of the 1787 census. Hustmeyer resided in the building with his wife Ane Dorethea Goubmeyer, their two children (aged five and seven), a bookkeeper, a clerk, an apprentice, two maids, a caretaker, a lodger and a coachman.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.danishfamilysearch.dk/cid634947|title=Folketælling - 1787 - Frid.Ludolp Goubmeyer|language=Danish|website=dis-danmark.dk|access-date=27 October 2021}}</ref> Ch.Haraldsen, a tea merchant, resided in the basement with his wife Cath Olsen Walloe, their four children (aged one to six) and one maid.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.danishfamilysearch.dk/cid634958|title=Folketælling - 1787 - Ch.Haraldsen|language=Danish|website=dis-danmark.dk|access-date=27 October 2021}}</ref> Jacob Detour, a potseller, resided in the basement with his wife Inger Niels Datter.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.danishfamilysearch.dk/cid634965|title=Folketælling - 1787 - Jacob Detour|language=Danish|website=dis-danmark.dk|access-date=27 October 2021}}</ref> No. 243 was home to 16 residents in three households. Christen Thaarup, who served as treasurer at the Harbour Commission, resided in the building with his wife Karen Grivel, their 11-year-old daughter Abelone Catrine Thaarup, the sons Friderich and Nicolaj Thaarup from his first marriage (aged 19 and 19), one maid and two lodgers.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.danishfamilysearch.dk/cid638655|title=Folketælling - 1787 - Christen Thaarup|language=Danish|website=dis-danmark.dk|access-date=27 October 2021}}</ref> Ottilia Leutzau, widow of ''justitsraad'' Leutzau, resided in the building with one maid.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.danishfamilysearch.dk/cid638663|title=Folketælling - 1787 - Ottilia Leutzau|language=Danish|website=dis-danmark.dk|access-date=27 October 2021}}</ref> Niels Thygesen, a mate (''styrmand''), resided in the building with his wife Nille Marie Niels Datter, their two children (aged two and four), one maid and one lodger.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.danishfamilysearch.dk/cid638665|title=Folketælling - 1787 - Niels Thygesen|language=Danish|website=dis-danmark.dk|access-date=27 October 2021}}</ref>

The building was destroyed in the [[Copenhagen Fire of 1795]]. The present building on the site was completed in 1796 to designs by [[Johan Martin Quist]]. Quist was one of a handful of master builders who obtained a near monopoly on the rebuilding of the city after the fire.<ref name=indenforvoldene.dk>{{cite web|url=http://indenforvoldene.dk/ved%20stranden%2014%20-%20admiralgade%2024.html|title=Ved Stranden 14/Admiralgade 24|language=da|publisher=indenforvoldene.dk|access-date=2012-09-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131005004712/http://indenforvoldene.dk/ved%20stranden%2014%20-%20admiralgade%2024.html|archive-date=2013-10-05|url-status=dead}}</ref>

[[Image:Ved Stranden painting.png|thumb|200px|The house, painted by [[Sally Henriques]]]]

Friderich Ludwig Gustmeyer's building complex was home to three households at the 1801 census. Gustmeyer and his wife resided in the building with their two children (aged 19 and 20), and the senior clerk Bengt Julius Lingblom.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.danishfamilysearch.dk/cid975766|title=Folketælling - 1801 - Friderich Ludwig Gustmeyer|language=Danish|website=nishfamilysearch.dk|access-date=8 April 2021}}</ref> Carl Wigandt Falbe, a judge in [[Hof- og Stadsretten]], resided in the building with his wifem a servant. Mosses Wessely Junior, a grocer (''urtekræmmer''), a Jewish merchant, resided in the building with his wife Sikke Wallick and their five children. The remaining residents were either employees in Gustmeyer's trading firm or servants.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.danishfamilysearch.dk/cid975771|title=Folketælling - 1801 - Jeppe Pedersen|language=Danish|website=nishfamilysearch.dk|access-date=8 April 2021}}</ref>

The property was listed in the new cadastre of 1806 as No. 154 in the East Quarter. Gustmeyer lost the family fortune during the economic crisis that resulted from Denmark's involvement in the [[Napoleonic Wars]].

===Nicolai Abraham Holten=== A later owner of the property was [[Nicolai Abraham Holten]]. He sold it when he was appointed as director of [[Helsingør Custom House|Øresund Custom House]] in [[Helsingør]] in 1839.

===Anders Ancher=== [[Image:Gammel Strand Nr. 154 som A. Anckers Manufactur Varelager.png|thumb|left|Advertisement for A. Anckers Manufactur Varelager ]] The property was later acquired by the textile merchant Anders Ancher who ran his textile business from the premises under the name A. Anckers Manufactur Varelager. At the time of the 1845 census, the property was home to a total of 12 people. Anders Ancker, a textile wholesale merchant, resided with his son, three employees, three apprentices and three servants on the ground floor.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.danishfamilysearch.dk/cid6293339|title=Folketælling - 1845 - Anders Ancker|language=Danish|website=nishfamilysearch.dk|access-date=8 April 2021}}</ref> Ane Sophie Brown (1768–1855), widow of vice admiral Peter Caspar Wessel Brown (1755–1840), was residing with Eleonora Christine Harboe and two maids on the first floor. Frederik Augs. Clementzen was also living there with them.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.danishfamilysearch.dk/cid6293350|title=Folketælling - 1845 - Ane Sophie Brown|language=Danish|website=nishfamilysearch.dk|access-date=8 April 2021}}</ref> Balthasar Münter (1797–1867), provost of [[Holmens Church]], resided on the second floor with his wife, two daughters and three maids.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.danishfamilysearch.dk/cid6293355|title=Folketælling - 1845 - Batltasar Münter|language=Danish|website=nishfamilysearch.dk|access-date=8 April 2021}}</ref> Ole Christian Borgen, a merchant, resided with his wife, their five children, his mother-in-law, an employee and two maids on the third floor.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.danishfamilysearch.dk/cid6293362|title=Folketælling - 1845 - Ole Christian Borgen|language=Danish|website=nishfamilysearch.dk|access-date=8 April 2021}}</ref>

Anders Ancher was, at the time of the 1850 census, residing on the ground floor. Anne Sophie Wessel-Brown and Eleonora Christine Harboe had been joined by Harboe's sister Elisabeth Charlotte Harboe. Anna Margrethe Lange, daughter of the owner of Rødkilde Manor on [[Funen]], was also residing there with them. Jens Frederik August Clementsen, personal secretary for prince Frederik Ferdinand, was also a resident on the first floor. The second floor was still occupied by Balthazer Münter and his family.

===Scheele and Friedlænger=== Former foreign minister [[Ludvig Nicolaus von Scheele]] resided in the building from 1868 until 1873. Sally Friedlænders Papirhandel og Kortforlag, a [[Stationer|stationery business]] and publisher of art prints and postcards, was also based in the building from circa 1870. The firm had been taken over in 1860 by Ditmer Firmaet in partnership with the namesake founder's son Vilhelm Friedlænder. It was based at the site until 1903.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://piaper.dk/postkort/sally-friedlaenders-papirhandel-og-forlag/|title=Sally Friedlænders Papirhandel og Kortforlag|language=da|publisher=piaper.dk|access-date=8 July 2021}}</ref>

===Adler family=== [[Image:Ved Stranden 14 - Familien Adler.jpg|thumb|The Adler family, c. 1890]] The property was acquired in 1873 by the businessman and politician [[David B. Adler]] who resided at No. 14 until 1878.<ref name=indenforvoldene.dk/>

One of Adler's daughters, Ellen (1860–1930), married the physician and physiology professor [[Christian Bohr]] (1855–1911) in 1881. Their two sons, the [[Nobel Prize]]-winning physicist [[Niels Bohr]] and the mathematician [[Harald Bohr]], were both born in the building.<ref name=indenforvoldene.dk/>

===20th century=== [[File:Ved Stranden 14 by Fritz Theodor Benzen.jpg|thumb|160px|The building photographed in the early 1900s by [[Fritz Theodor Benzen]]]]

The house was owned by King [[George I of Greece]] from 1903 until his assassination in 1913. He was a son of [[Christian IX of Denmark]] and [[Louise of Hesse-Kassel]].<ref name=indenforvoldene.dk/>

The building later served as headquarters for [[Kjøbenhavns Brandforsikring]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.coneliand.dk/Danmarks%20aeldste%20forretninger/DAEF%20300-399/Side_341_Kyst_-_Koebe.html|title=Kjøbenhavns Brandforsikring|language=da|website=coneliand.dk|access-date=15 March 2018}}</ref>

==Architecture== [[File:Admiralgade 24 (Copenhagen) 01.jpg|thumb|Admiralgade 24]] The [[Neoclassical architecture|Neoclassical]] building is one of Copenhagen's first examples of a bourgeois residence with free-standing columns.

The property also includes two lateral wings which connect the main wing to a rear wing facing Admiralgade which served as warehouse for Gustmeyer's business. There is also a one-storey building in the central courtyard which dates from the same time as the rest of the complex.

==Today== The entire property was refurbished by royal building inspector David Bretton-Meyer for the consultancy [[McKinsey & Company]] in 1985–1986. The building is owned today by [[Arbejdsmarkedets Tillægspension|ATP Properties]].

==References== {{reflist}}

==Further reading== * Hansen, Mikkel Kristian: ''Emilius Bærentzen og hans jødiske kundekreds''. ''Rambam - Tidsskrift for 'disk kunst og historie''.

==External links== {{Commons category|Gustmeyers Gård}} * [https://slaegtsbibliotek.dk/921490.pdf Source] * [https://slaegtsbibliotek.dk/908030.pdf Københavns Brandforsikring] * [https://fabech-holm.dk/onewebmedia/Del%203%20-%20Kj%C3%B8benhavn.pdf Source]

[[Category:Houses completed in 1797]] [[Category:Houses in Copenhagen]] [[Category:Johan Martin Quist buildings]] [[Category:Neoclassical architecture in Copenhagen]] [[Category:Listed residential buildings in Copenhagen]]