Gumeracha, South Australia

{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2022}} {{Use Australian English|date=March 2013}} {{Infobox Australian place | type = town | name = Gumeracha | image = ADH_gumeracha_post_office_1.jpg | caption = Gumeracha Post Office. | state = sa | coordinates = {{coord|34.827059|S| 138.88324|E|format=dms|display=inline,title}} | coord_ref = <ref name="LMV">{{cite web|title=Search results for 'Gumeracha, LOCB' with the following datasets selected – 'Suburbs and localities', 'Counties', 'Hundreds', 'Local Government Areas', 'SA Government Regions' and 'Gazetteer'|url= http://location.sa.gov.au/viewer/?map=roads&x=138.93684&y=-34.83716&z=13&uids=19,2,8,11,20,105&pinx=138.884600&piny=-34.825600&pinTitle=Location&pinText=Gumeracha,+Locb |website=Location SA Map Viewer|publisher=South Australian Government|access-date=26 December 2018}}</ref> | pushpin_label_position = top | pushpin_map_caption = Location in South Australia | pop =  | established = 1839 | established_footnotes = | abolished = | gazetted = | postcode = 5233 | elevation = 322 | elevation_footnotes = <ref name="LMV"/> | area = | area_footnotes = | timezone = | utc = | timezone-dst = | utc-dst = | dist1 = 37 | dir1 = | location1 = Adelaide | dist2 = | dir2 = | location2 = | county = | region = | lga = Adelaide Hills Council | fedgov =Mayo | stategov = Schubert | maxtemp = 19.0 | maxtemp_footnotes =<ref name = climate>{{cite web|title=Monthly climate statistics: Summary statistics MOUNT CRAWFORD AWS (nearest weather station) |url=http://www.bom.gov.au/climate/averages/tables/cw_023878.shtml |publisher=Commonwealth of Australia, Bureau of Meteorology|access-date=26 December 2018}}</ref> | mintemp = 9.7 | mintemp_footnotes =<ref name = climate/> | rainfall = 662.7 | rainfall_footnotes = <ref name = climate/> | near-n = Kersbrook Forreston | near-ne = Forreston | near-e = Birdwood Mount Torrens | near-se = Mount Torrens | near-s = Cudlee Creek Kenton Valley Mount Torrens | near-sw = Cudlee Creek | near-w = Chain of Ponds Cudlee Creek | near-nw = Kersbrook | near = Gumeracha | footnotes = Adjoining localities<ref name="LMV"/> }}

'''Gumeracha''' ({{IPAc-en|ˌ|ɡ|ʌ|m|ə|ˈ|r|æ|k|ə}} {{respell|GUM|ə|RAK|ə}}) is a town in the Adelaide Hills, South Australia, located on the Adelaide-Mannum Road. It is located in the Adelaide Hills Council local government area on the south bank of the upper River Torrens. The region relies heavily on grazing, dairying, grape growing, orchards, and market gardening. Its most prominent attraction is the Big Rocking Horse.

==History== The original inhabitants of the area were the Peramangk people,<ref>{{cite web |title=Peramangk (SA) |url=http://archives.samuseum.sa.gov.au/tindaletribes/peramangk.htm |website=Tindale's Catalogue of Australian Aboriginal Tribes |publisher=South Australian Museum |access-date=2021-01-26}}</ref> and the name "Gumeracha" derives from an Aboriginal word meaning "fine waterhole".<ref>{{cite web |title=Gumeracha |url=https://www.gumeracha.com.au/otherPages/history/#Gumeracha |publisher=The Gumeracha & District History Centre Inc. |access-date=2021-01-26}}</ref><ref name="PLB">{{Cite web |url=http://maps.sa.gov.au/plb |work=Property Location Browser |id=SA0018523 |title=Placename Details: Gumeracha |publisher=Government of South Australia |date=17 January 2014 |access-date=17 November 2017 |quote=Aboriginal name "Umeracha" taken from a nearby waterhole on the River Torrens. Originally a private subdivision of Sections 6057/8 & 6048. Town laid out in 1860 on land belonging to W B Randall. Captain Randall M.P. informed H.C. Talbot that his father built his home near a fine waterhole on the River Torrens, thought to have been called Umeracha by local Aboriginals. Boundaries created in October 2001 for the long established name. |archive-date=7 December 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151207082745/http://maps.sa.gov.au/plb/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>

The area was one of the earliest settled by Europeans in South Australia.<ref>[http://www.ahc.sa.gov.au/site/page.cfm?u=208#G Adelaide Hills Council – Historical Town Information] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060625165304/http://www.ahc.sa.gov.au/site/page.cfm?u=208 |date=25 June 2006 }} Accessed 16 June 2006.</ref> First to explore the district were Dr George Imlay and John Hill, on 24 January 1838.<ref>[http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article36856259 ''The Australian'', 27 March 1838, p.3. ]</ref> In 1839, the South Australia Company took up a parcel of land, on which the settlements of Gumeracha, Kenton Valley and Forreston developed. The company established a district headquarters and opened it up for sheep grazing.

In 1841, The South Australian Company built a home, known as "Ludlow House", for the first manager of the station known as "Timnath", William Beavis Randell. The company also built a flour mill in the 1840s.<ref>[http://www.adhills.com.au/tourism/towns/gumeracha/history.html Adelaide Hills Online – Gumeracha] Accessed 16 June 2006.</ref> The estate housed his large family, his workforce and their families. In 1846, Randell donated land and funds for a church, and the Salem Baptist Church was built – the oldest Baptist church still in use in South Australia. The surrounding area, meanwhile, had become an agricultural centre, and the Gumeracha Farmers' Society held annual shows.{{citation needed|date=July 2024}}

In 1853, the District Council of Talunga was established to administer the Hundred of Talunga, including in large part the early Adelaide Hills pioneering community that would become Gumeracha. In 1855, Randell allocated land for a township and by 1860 the town was laid out.<ref name="PLB"/> Commercial businesses sprang up on the main street (Albert Street), and many fine buildings were erected, including the post office, police station and courthouse (1864), Gumeracha Institute, library and town hall (1909), a butter factory (1889), a school, a hospital, a coach-house, hotels, churches and business houses.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.gumeracha.com.au/Gumeracha.htm |title=Gumeracha Community Website |access-date=16 June 2006 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060719040034/http://www.gumeracha.com.au/Gumeracha.htm |archive-date=19 July 2006 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Most of the buildings in use at that time still stand. William Beavis Randell's son, William Richard Randell, built the first Murray River paddlesteamer in Gumeracha in 1852.{{citation needed|date=July 2024}}

In 1935, the District Council of Gumeracha replaced Talunga Council to administer a broader area around the town, centred at Gumeracha, the main point of population in that part of the Adelaide Hills.{{citation needed|date=July 2024}}

==Geography== Gumeracha is located between Inglewood and Birdwood along the Adelaide-Mannum Road, and north of Lobethal along the Gumeracha-Lobethal Road.{{citation needed|date=July 2024}}

At the 2021 Australian census, Gumeracha had a population of 721 people.

==Facilities== [[File:Gumeracha giant rocking horse.jpg|right|thumb|Giant rocking horse outside the toy factory]] Gumeracha is the regional centre for the area. It contains a primary school, hospital, community centre, sports Adelaide Hills Council (the main office is at Woodside). There is also a golf course in Kenton Valley south of the town.{{citation needed|date=July 2024}}

Several wineries operate in Gumeracha and in nearby areas.{{citation needed|date=July 2024}}

The most notable attraction of Gumeracha is the "biggest rocking horse in the world" – standing at {{convert|18.3|m|ft|1}} (approximately the height of a six-storey building), it is just east of the town on Main Road and serves to advertise the toy factory and wildlife park.{{citation needed|date=July 2024}}

Gumeracha is also home to Applewood Distillery, Australia's highest altitude distillery, specialising in gin and Amaro showcasing native Australian botanicals like finger limes and strawberry gum.{{citation needed|date=July 2024}}

==Transport== The area is not served by Adelaide's public transport system. {{as of|2010}} LinkSA operates a coach service from Tea Tree Plaza Interchange at Modbury to Gumeracha and Mount Pleasant.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.linksa.com.au/documents/MtPleasanttoTTP_000.pdf |title=Mount Pleasant to Tea Tree Plaza |access-date=31 January 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110706105922/http://www.linksa.com.au/documents/MtPleasanttoTTP_000.pdf |archive-date=6 July 2011 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

== References == {{reflist}}

==External links== *{{Commons category-inline|Gumeracha, South Australia}}

Category:Towns in South Australia