{{Short description|Italian monk, philosopher and mathematician (1671–1742)}} {{Redirect|Guido Grandi|the entomologist|Guido Grandi (entomologist)}} {{Infobox scientist | honorific_prefix = Dom | name = Guido Grandi | honorific_suffix = {{post-nominals|country=GBR|size=100%|FRS}} | birth_name = Francesco Lodovico Grandi | other_names = Dubeno Erimanzio | image = Guidograndi.jpg | image_size = | caption = Guido Grandi | birth_date = {{birth date|1671|10|1|df=y}} | birth_place = Cremona, Duchy of Milan | death_date = {{death date and age|1742|7|4|1671|10|1|df=y}} | death_place = Pisa, Grand Duchy of Tuscany | parents = Pietro Martire Grandi and Caterina Grandi (née Legati) | residence = | citizenship = | ethnicity = | field = Mathematics | work_institutions = University of Pisa | alma_mater = | doctoral_advisor = | doctoral_students = | known_for = Studies on the rose curve<br>Grandi's series | author_abbrev_bot = | author_abbrev_zoo = | notable_students = Giammaria Ortes<ref>{{DBI |title= Ortes, Giovanni Maria |url=https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/giovanni-maria-ortes_(Dizionario-Biografico)|last= Del Negro|first= Piero|volume= 79}}</ref><br>Giovanni Lami<ref>{{DBI |title= Lami, Giovanni |url=https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/giovanni-lami_(Dizionario-Biografico)|last= Paoli|first= Maria Pia|volume= 63}}</ref> | prizes = | religion = | footnotes = | resting_place = San Michele in Borgo }} Dom '''Guido Grandi''', {{postnominals|post-noms=O.S.B. Cam.}} {{postnominals|post-noms=FRS}} (1 October 1671 – 4 July 1742) was an Italian monk, priest, philosopher, theologian, mathematician, and engineer.
==Life== Grandi was born on 1 October 1671 in Cremona, Italy and christened Luigi Francesco Lodovico. When he was of age, he was educated at the Jesuit college there. After he completed his studies there in 1687, he entered the novitiate of the Camaldolese monks at Ferrara and took the name of Guido. In 1693 he was sent to the Monastery of St. Gregory the Great, the Camaldolese house in Rome, to complete his studies in philosophy and theology in preparation for Holy Orders. A year later, Grandi was assigned as professor of both fields at the Camaldolese Monastery of St. Mary of the Angels in Florence. It appears that it was during this period of his life that he took an interest in mathematics. He did his research privately, however, as he was appointed professor of philosophy at St. Gregory Monastery in 1700, subsequently holding a post in the same field in Pisa, where he replaced Pascasio Giannetti.
By 1707, however, Dom Grandi had developed such a reputation in the field of mathematics that he was named court mathematician to the Grand Duke of Tuscany, Cosimo III de' Medici. In that post, he also worked as an engineer, being appointed Superintendent of Water for the Duchy, and in that capacity, he was involved in the drainage of the Chiana Valley. In 1709 he visited England where he clearly impressed his colleagues there, as he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society. The University of Pisa named him Professor of Mathematics in 1714. It was there that he died on 4 July 1742.
==Mathematical studies== In 1701 Grandi published a study of the conical loxodrome, followed by a study in 1703 of the curve which he named ''versiera'', from the {{langx|la|vertere}} (to turn). This curve was later studied by one of the few women scientists to achieve a degree, Maria Gaetana Agnesi. Through a mistranslation by the translator of her work into English who mistook the term "witch" ({{langx|it|avversiera}}) for Grandi's term, this curve became known in English as the witch of Agnesi.<ref>[http://press.princeton.edu/books/maor/sidebar_f.pdf "Maria Agnesi and her Witch"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111009082225/http://press.princeton.edu/books/maor/sidebar_f.pdf |date=2011-10-09 }}</ref> It was through his studies on this curve that Grandi helped introduce Leibniz' ideas on calculus to Italy.
In mathematics Grandi is best known for his work ''Flores geometrici'' (1728), studying the rose curve, a curve which has the shape of a petalled flower, and for Grandi's series. He named the rose curve ''rhodonea''. He also contributed to the ''Note on the Treatise of Galileo Concerning Natural Motion'' in the first Florentine edition of Galileo Galilei's works.
Giovanni Lami, Giammaria Ortes and Abondio Collina were among his pupils.
==List of works== thumb|''De infinitis infinitorum'' *{{cite book |title = Geometrica demonstratio Vivianeorum problematum |url = https://gutenberg.beic.it/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=1483529&custom_att_2=simple_viewer&search_terms=DTL6&pds_handle= |publisher = ex Typographia Iacobi de Guiduccis propè Conductam |location = Florentiae |year = 1699 }} *{{cite book |title = De infinitis infinitorum, et infinite parvorum ordinibus disquisitio geometrica |url = https://gutenberg.beic.it/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=1479870&custom_att_2=simple_viewer&search_terms=DTL4&pds_handle= |publisher = ex Typographia Francisci Bindi impress. archiepisch. |location = Pisis |year = 1710 }} *{{cite book |title = Epistola mathematica de momento gravium in planis inclinatis |url = https://gutenberg.beic.it/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=1460266&custom_att_2=simple_viewer&search_terms=DTL4&pds_handle= |publisher = typis Peregrini Frediani |location = Lucae |year = 1711 }} *{{cite book |title = Dialoghi circa la controversia eccitatagli contro dal sig. Alessandro Marchetti |url = https://gutenberg.beic.it/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=124483&custom_att_2=simple_viewer&search_terms=DTL4&pds_handle= |publisher = ad istanza di Francesco Maria Gaddi librajo in Pisa |location = In Lucca |year = 1712 }} *{{cite book |title = Prostasis ad exceptiones clari Varignonii libro De infinitis infinitorum ordinibus oppositas circa magnitudinum plusquam-infinitarum Vallisii defensionem et anguli contactus |url = https://gutenberg.beic.it/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=1460668&custom_att_2=simple_viewer&search_terms=DTL4&pds_handle= |publisher = ex Typographia Francisci Bindi impress. archiepisch. |location = Pisis |year = 1713 }} *{{cite book |title = Del movimento dell'acque trattato geometrico |url = https://gutenberg.beic.it/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=124156&custom_att_2=simple_viewer&search_terms=DTL4&pds_handle= |location = Firenze }} *{{cite book |title = Relazione delle operazioni fatte circa il padule di Fucecchio |url = https://gutenberg.beic.it/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=2045932&custom_att_2=simple_viewer&search_terms=DTL3&pds_handle= |publisher = per Leonardo Venturini |location = In Lucca |year = 1718 }} *{{cite book |title = Trattato delle resistenze |url = https://gutenberg.beic.it/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=1498211&custom_att_2=simple_viewer&search_terms=DTL5&pds_handle= |publisher = per Tartini e Franchi |location = Firenze |year = 1718 }} *{{cite book |title = Compendio delle Sezioni coniche d'Apollonio con aggiunta di nuove proprietà delle medesime sezioni |url = https://gutenberg.beic.it/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=1291272&custom_att_2=simple_viewer&search_terms=DTL4&pds_handle= |publisher = nella Stamperia di S.A.R. per gli Tartini e Franchi |location = In Firenze |year = 1722 }} *{{cite book |title = Instituzioni meccaniche |url = https://gutenberg.beic.it/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=1495227&custom_att_2=simple_viewer&search_terms=DTL4&pds_handle= |publisher = nella Stamperia di S.A.R. per Gio: Gaetano Tartini e Santi Franchi |location = In Firenze |year = 1739 }} *{{cite book |title = Istituzioni di aritmetica pratica |url = https://gutenberg.beic.it/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=1460393&custom_att_2=simple_viewer&search_terms=DTL4&pds_handle= |publisher = nella Stamperia di S.A.R. per Gio: Gaetano Tartini e Santi Franchi |location = In Firenze |year = 1740 }} *{{cite book |title = Sectionum conicarum synopsis |url = https://gutenberg.beic.it/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=1495610&custom_att_2=simple_viewer&search_terms=DTL6&pds_handle= |publisher = ex typographio Ioannis Paulli Giovannelli |location = Florentiae |year = 1750 }}
==See also== *Tommaso Perelli
==References== {{reflist}}
==External links== {{Commons}} * {{MacTutor Biography|id=Grandi}} * {{cite encyclopedia |title= Grandi, Guido |encyclopedia= Dictionary of Scientific Biography |volume= 5 |year= 1970 |last= Natucci |first= A. |publisher= Charles Scribner's Sons |location= New York |url= https://www.encyclopedia.com/science/dictionaries-thesauruses-pictures-and-press-releases/grandi-guido |access-date= 22 June 2025 |pages= 498-50 |editor= Charles Coulston Gillispie }} * {{DBI |title= Grandi, Guido |url=https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/guido-grandi_(Dizionario-Biografico)|last= Baldini|first= Ugo|volume= 58}} * [http://galileo.rice.edu/Catalog/NewFiles/grandi.html Galileo Project:] Guido Grandi * {{cite journal |title= Guido Grandi, scienziato e polemista, e la sua controversia con Tommaso Ceva |volume= 19 |issue= 3 |year= 1989 |last= Simonutti |first= Luisa |journal = Annali della Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa. Classe di Lettere e Filosofia |pages= 1001–1026 |jstor= 24307638 }}
{{Grandi's series}} {{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Grandi, Guido}} Category:Engineers from Florence Category:17th-century Italian philosophers Category:18th-century Italian philosophers Category:17th-century Italian mathematicians Category:18th-century Italian mathematicians Category:Camaldolese Order Category:Catholic clergy scientists Category:1671 births Category:1742 deaths Category:Italian Benedictines Category:Benedictine scholars Category:Clergy from Cremona Category:Benedictine writers Category:Grandi's series Category:Scientists from Cremona Category:18th-century Italian engineers Category:Italian fellows of the Royal Society