Guard labor

'''Guard labor''' is wage labor and other activities that are said to maintain (hence "guard") a capitalist system.<ref name="MP">"[https://lists.csuchico.edu/pipermail/ope/2010-January/005518.html Guard labor] {{Webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20130403062625/https://lists.csuchico.edu/pipermail/ope/2010-January/005518.html |date=2013-04-03 }}," Michael Perelman, ''Dollars and Sense''</ref><ref name="JDE">Jayadev, A., and Bowles, S. (2006). [https://web.archive.org/web/20201224204513/https://sfi-edu.s3.amazonaws.com/sfi-edu/production/uploads/sfi-com/dev/uploads/filer/46/7a/467a0eb5-187b-4c7f-9037-c5be670f3199/05-07-030.pdf Guard labor]. SFI WORKING PAPER: 2005-07-030</ref> Things that are generally characterized as guard labor include: management, guards, military personnel, and prison officers.<ref name="JDE"/> Samuel Bowles has expanded the notion of guard labor to include IT professionals whose duties include protecting corporate networks from costly misuse. Guard labor is noteworthy in economics because it captures expenditures based on mistrust and does not produce future capital.<ref name="SB">[http://www.sfreporter.com/santafe/article-5188-born-poor.html Corey Pein, "Born Poor"] ''Santa Fe Reporter'' (Feb 3, 2010)</ref>

The term was originally coined by Arjun Jayadev and Samuel Bowles and has since been used by economists such as Michael Perelman and Mark Thoma.<ref name="MP"/><ref name="TM">"[http://toomuchonline.org/guard-labor-inequalitys-hidden-price-tag/ Guard Labor: Inequality’s Hidden Price Tag]," Sam Pizzigati ''Too Much''.</ref><ref name="Thoma">[http://economistsview.typepad.com/economistsview/2010/02/inequality-and-guard-labor.html Inequality and "Guard Labor"], Economist's View</ref>

==References== {{Reflist}}

Category:Employment classifications Category:Capitalism