Groove Is in the Heart
single
CoverDeee-Lite – Groove Is In The Heart single cover.png
ArtistDeee-Lite
AlbumWorld Clique
B-sideWhat Is Love?
ReleasedJuly 30, 1990[1]
Recorded1990
Genre
Length3:54
LabelElektra
Writer
ProducerDeee-Lite
Next year1990

"Groove Is in the Heart" is a song by American dance band Deee-Lite, released in July 1990 by Elektra Records as their debut single, as well as the lead single from their first album, World Clique (1990). Written and produced by the band, it was a hit in many countries, reaching number one in Australia and on both the Canadian RPM and US Billboard dance charts. Today it is widely recognized as a classic of its genre.[7][8] It was accompanied with a psychedelic 60s-themed music video directed by Hiroyuki Nakano.[9]

Composition

Though the album version was not recorded until 1990, the song was originally written in the late 1980s; it was performed live as early as 1989.[10] The backing track was built around many samples, primarily the main riff from Herbie Hancock's track "Bring Down the Birds" from the Blowup soundtrack and Vernon Burch's "Get Up", which provided the drum track and also formed the basis for the breakdown featuring a slide whistle. Parliament-Funkadelic bassist Bootsy Collins provided guest vocals, and the rap is provided by Q-Tip of A Tribe Called Quest.[11] The repeated motif "I, I-I-I-I-I" is performed with the first word of a sample of Eva Gabor saying "I get allergic smelling hay" from the theme song of Green Acres.[12]

Critical reception

Upon the release, J.D. Considine from The Baltimore Sun found that "Groove Is in the Heart" "bounces happily from rap to funk to house without losing either momentum or its sense of humor."[13] Bill Coleman from Billboard magazine wrote, "Sometimes you can believe the hype. Hot New York City underground dance trio more than lives up to prerelease push with this sizzling groove'n'sample funk jam, kicked into gear by the sultry and charismatic vocal presence of future diva Lady Miss Kier."[14] He also added, "'Groove' is, well, very groovy. A house-paced track with a hip-hop sensibility."[4] Bevan Hannan from The Canberra Times described the song as "good fun".[15] David Giles from Music Week named it a "fine single". He added, "Pure Seventies funk with a Nineties groove."[16] Helen Mead from NME stated that it is "playfully funky".[17] A reviewer from People Magazine noted it as "hopping".[18] Ross Grady from The Rice Thresher said it is "one of the creamiest slabs of vinyl ever to come from the house music scene."[19] Caroline Sullivan from Smash Hits wrote that the "ripping floor filler" has "got the samples and twiddly electronoises so necessary for dancefloor success nowadays, but there's also a hummable melody and sense of humour about it all."[20] NME and The Village Voice's Pazz & Jop annual critics' poll named "Groove Is in the Heart" the best single released in the year 1990.

Chart performance

An immediate smash in nightclubs, the song went to number one on the US Dance Club Play chart and also reached number four on the Billboard Hot 100. It peaked at number one in Australia for a week in November 1990 and was also a number-one hit in Luxembourg, while it reached number two in New Zealand.

In the UK, the record was equally popular and was released as a double A-side with "What Is Love" with the subtitle "Peanut Butter mix", in which the song was heavily edited and completely omitted the contributions by Bootsy Collins and Q-Tip. The single eventually reached number two during September 1990.[21] Its placing second was due to a rule instituted in the UK Singles Chart in the 1980s, which settled any "ties" over chart positions due to equal sales: the single with sales that had increased most from the previous week would reside above the other, controversially giving "The Joker" by the Steve Miller Band the top place. Following complaints from Deee-Lite's record company, WEA, the rule, of which this song had been the only victim, was scrapped and joint positions were once again allowed. However, it turned out that the 2,595 panel sales that both records achieved for this week of September 15, 1990, had been rounded up, with chart compilers Gallup later releasing the data that showed that the Steve Miller Band hit was indeed a fraction ahead, Deee-Lite having been narrowly defeated by 44,118 to 44,110 copies.[22] "The Joker" spent a second week at the number-one spot and thereafter convincingly outsold "Groove Is in the Heart".

In mainland Europe, the single entered the top 10 in Finland, Greece, Ireland, Italy, the Netherlands, and Spain, as well as on the Eurochart Hot 100 Singles, on which it peaked at number five in September 1990. Additionally, it was a top-20 hit in Belgium, Germany, and Switzerland while entering the top 30 in Austria. "Groove Is in the Heart" earned a gold record in the US, after 500,000 singles were sold. In Australia and the UK, it earned a platinum record, when 70,000 and 600,000 units, respectively, were sold.

Music video

The accompanying music video for "Groove Is in the Heart" was directed by Japanese film director Hiroyuki Nakano and features lead singer Lady Miss Kier dancing (as well as other band members) against a 1960s psychedelic themed background.[9] It was nominated for a number of categories at the 1991 MTV Video Music Awards without winning any.[23]

Retrospective response

AllMusic editor Ned Raggett wrote in his review of World Clique, "Its reputation may rest on only one hit single – but what a hit. 'Groove Is in the Heart' defined the summer of 1990 on radio and MTV with its delicious combination of funk, modern dance sheen, and Lady Miss Kier's smart, sharp diva ways. Add in guest vocals and bass from Bootsy Collins (a pity his hilarious video cameo wasn't represented here), brass from the original Horny Horns duo of Fred Wesley and Maceo Parker, and a smooth mid-song rap from A Tribe Called Quest's Q-Tip, and the results sounded good then and now."[3] In 2017, Stopera and Galindo from BuzzFeed declared it as a "perfect little slice of the early '90s New York club scene."[24] NME called it a "pretty faultless collage of G-Funk, Daisy Age hip-hop, salsa and dippy disco."[2] In 2006, Slant Magazine ranked the song third in its 100 Greatest Dance Songs list, writing: "No song delivered the group's world-conscious Word as colorfully and open-heartedly as 'Groove Is in the Heart,' which flew up the Billboard charts while goosing stuffed shirts."[8]

Impact and legacy

In 2003, Q Magazine ranked "Groove Is in the Heart" number 323 in their list of the "1001 Best Songs Ever".[25] Same year, English music journalist Paul Morley included it in his list of "Greatest Pop Single of All Time".[26] VH1 ranked it number 67 in their list of "100 Greatest Songs of the 90s" in 2007.[27] Pitchfork named it the 59th best track of the 1990s. They wrote: "With their sass-tastic frontwoman and kitsched-to-death fashion sense, Deee-Lite probably seemed like a good bet at a time when pop's future was still up for grabs. If you were a kid in the 'burbs, they almost resembled a Daisy Age hip-hop group (the day-glo/flower-power look, the Q-Tip guest rap) as much as a house act (a strange urban subculture we had little access to in junior high)."[28]

In 2011, The Guardian featured the song on their "A history of modern music: Dance".[7] In April 2017 the single was re-released on pink vinyl, as part of Record Store Day with remixes of "What Is Love?" on the B-Side.[29] BuzzFeed ranked the song number three in their "The 101 Greatest Dance Songs of the '90s" list in 2017.[30] In 2018, Time Out ranked it number 23 in their list of "The 100 best party songs", adding, "In this tale of New York's anything-is-possible East Village of the late '80s, a trio of candy-coloured club kids – Super DJ Dmitri, Lady Miss Kier and Towa Tei – decide to form a band. The threesome (with a little help from ringers Q-Tip, Maceo Parker and Bootsy Collins) come up with 'Groove Is in the Heart', a sweetly innocent percolator of a tune that, against all odds, becomes the worldwide club smash of 1990. True story!"[31]

In 2021, Rolling Stone ranked "Groove Is in the Heart" number 233 in its updated list of The 500 Greatest Songs of All Time, calling it "a collage across different generations of funkateers."[32] In 2022, The Guardian ranked it number 18 in their list of "The 70 Greatest No 2 Singles – Ranked!". Alexis Petridis wrote, "If they'd had another song remotely as good as 'Groove Is in the Hearts stew of samples, effortless pop melodies and interjections from Bootsy Collins and Q-Tip, Deee-Lite would have been huge. They didn't, but this joyous pop-disco classic will be played at parties for eternity."[33] In 2023, Billboard ranked it number 68 in their "500 Best Pop Songs of All Time",[34] while in March 2025, the magazine ranked it number two in their list of "The 100 Best Dance Songs of All Time".[35]

Accolades

YearPublisherCountryAccoladeRank
1990Melody MakerUnited Kingdom"Singles Of The Year"[36]1
2003QUnited Kingdom"1001 Best Songs Ever"[25]323
2004QUnited Kingdom"The 1010 Songs You Must Own"[1]
2005Bruce PollockUnited States"The 7,500 Most Important Songs of 1944–2000"[37]
2007VH1United States"100 Greatest Songs of the 90s"[27]67
2010Robert DimeryUnited States"1,001 Songs You Must Hear Before You Die"[38]
2010PitchforkUnited States"The Top 200 Tracks of the 1990s"[28]59
2011MTV DanceUnited Kingdom"The 100 Biggest 90s Dance Anthems of All Time"[39]9
2011The GuardianUnited Kingdom"A History of Modern Music: Dance"[7]
2012NMEUnited Kingdom"100 Best Songs of the 1990s"[2]79
2012PorcysPoland"100 Singli 1990–1999"[40]93
2013ComplexUnited States"15 Songs That Gave Dance Music a Good Name"[41]
2014MusikexpressGermany"Die 700 Besten Songs Aller Zeiten"[42]518
2017BuzzFeedUnited States"The 101 Greatest Dance Songs of the '90s"[30]3
2017ThoughtCoUnited States"The Best 100 Songs from the 1990s"[43]89
2018MaxAustralia"1000 Greatest Songs of All Time"[44]152
2018Time OutUnited Kingdom"The 100 Best Party Songs"[31]23
2019BillboardUnited States"Billboard's Top Songs of the '90s"[45]220
2019MaxAustralia"1000 Greatest Songs of All Time"[46]998
2020MixmagUnited Kingdom"The Best Basslines in Dance Music"[47]
2020Slant MagazineUnited States"The 100 Best Dance Songs of All Time"[8]3
2021Rolling StoneUnited StatesRolling Stone's 500 Greatest Songs of All Time[32]233
2022Classic PopUnited Kingdom"90s Dance – The Essential Playlist"[48]1
2022PitchforkUnited States"The 250 Best Songs of the 1990s"[49]47
2022Rolling StoneUnited States"200 Greatest Dance Songs of All Time"[50]37
2022The GuardianUnited Kingdom"The 70 Greatest No 2 Singles – Ranked!"[33]18
2022Time OutUnited Kingdom"The 100 Best Party Songs Ever Made"[51]12
2023BillboardUnited States"Best Pop Songs of All Time"[34]68
2025BillboardUnited States"The 100 Best Dance Songs of All Time"[35]2

(*) indicates the list is unordered.

Track listings

  • CD maxi – Europe
  1. "Groove Is in the Heart" (meeting of the minds mix) – 5:14
  2. "Groove Is in the Heart" (peanut butter mix) – 3:31
  3. "What Is Love?" (holographic goatee mix) – 4:10
  4. "What Is Love?" (rainbow beard mix) – 4:04
  • CD maxi – US
  1. "Groove Is in the Heart" (LP version) – 3:55
  2. "Groove Is in the Heart" (peanut butter radio mix) – 3:32
  3. "Groove Is in the Heart" (meeting of the minds mix) – 5:14
  4. "Groove Is in the Heart" (Jelly Jam beats) – 2:12
  5. "What Is Love?" (holographic goatee mix) – 4:13
  6. "What Is Love?" (frenchapella) – 0:57
  7. "What Is Love?" (rainbow beard mix) – 4:03
  • 2017 Record Store Day Re-Release
A1. "Groove Is in the Heart" (Meeting of the Minds mix)
A2. "Groove Is in the Heart" (Peanut Butter mix)
A3. "Groove Is in the Heart" (Jelly Jam Beats)
B1. "What Is Love?" (Holographic Goatee mix)
B2. "What Is Love?" (Frenchapella)
B3. "What Is Love?" (Rainbow Beard mix)
  • 7-inch single
  1. "Groove Is in the Heart" (peanut butter mix) �� 3:29
  2. "What Is Love?" (holographic goatee mix) – 4:10
  • 12-inch maxi
  1. "Groove Is in the Heart" (meeting of the minds mix) – 5:10
  2. "Groove Is in the Heart" (peanut butter mix) – 3:29
  3. "What Is Love?" (holographic goatee mix) – 4:10
  4. "What Is Love?" (rainbow beard mix) – 4:02
  1. "Groove Is in the Heart" – 3:54
  2. "Groove Is in the Heart" (Bootsified to the Nth Degree) – 5:04
  3. "Groove Is in the Heart" (Meeting the Minds Mix) – 5:10
  4. "Groove Is in the Heart" (Peanut Butter Mix) – 3:29
  5. "Groove Is in the Heart" (Jelly Jam Beats) – 2:12
  6. "Groove Is in the Heart" (Instrumental) – 3:45
  7. "Groove Is in the Heart" (Acapella) – 3:38
  8. "Groove Is in the Heart" (Extended Version) – 4:59

Personnel

Personnel are adapted from the liner notes for World Clique.[53]

Charts

Weekly charts

Weekly chart performance for "Groove Is in the Heart"
Chart (1990–1991)Peak
position
Europe (Eurochart Hot 100 Singles)[55]5
Finland (Suomen virallinen lista)[56]9
Greece (IFPI)[57]3
Italy (Musica e dischi)[58]7
Luxembourg (Radio Luxembourg)[59]1
Spain (AFYVE)[60]8
UK Singles (MRIB)[61]1
UK Dance (Music Week)[62]2
UK Club Chart (Record Mirror)[63]1
US Billboard Hot 100[64]4
US 12-inch Singles Sales (Billboard)[65]
with "What Is Love?"'		1
US Dance Club Play (Billboard)[66]
with "What Is Love?"'		1
US Hot R&B Singles (Billboard)[67]28
US Cash Box Top 100[68]3
Chart (2012)Peak
position

Year-end charts

Annual chart rankings for "Groove Is in the Heart"
Chart (1990)Rank
Australia (ARIA)[69]38
Canada Dance/Urban (RPM)[70]2
Europe (Eurochart Hot 100 Singles)[71]72
Italy (Musica e dischi)[72]94
Netherlands (Dutch Top 40)[73]86
Netherlands (Single Top 100)[74]90
New Zealand (RIANZ)[75]27
Sweden (Topplistan)[76]88
UK Singles (OCC)[77]26
UK Club Chart (Record Mirror)[78]2
US 12-inch Singles Sales (Billboard)[79]10
US Dance Club Play (Billboard)[79]1
Chart (1991)Rank
Italy (Musica e dischi)[80]59
US Billboard Hot 100[81]91

Release history

RegionDateFormat(s)Label(s)Ref.
United KingdomJuly 30, 19907-inch vinyl · 12-inch vinyl · CD · cassetteElektra[1]
United StatesAugust 1990[82]
AustraliaSeptember 17, 199012-inch vinyl · CD[83]
JapanSeptember 25, 1990Mini-CD[84]
AustraliaOctober 1, 19907-inch vinyl · cassette[85]

Cover versions

American retail chain Target Corporation used the song, as performed by Charli XCX with Questlove and Black Thought from the Roots, in a series of 2015 television advertisements.[86]

See also

References

  1. ^ "New Singles". Music Week. July 28, 1990. p. 27.
  2. ^ "100 Best Songs of the 1990s". NME. May 8, 2012. Archived October 21, 2016 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved April 2, 2020.
  3. ^ Raggett, Ned. "Deee-Lite – World Clique". AllMusic. Archived May 19, 2020 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved February 18, 2020.
  4. ^ Coleman, Bill (July 7, 1990). "The Summer's Sizzling for Everybody Everybody". Billboard. Vol. 102, no. 27. p. 27. Archived June 9, 2020 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved October 14, 2020.
  5. ^ Cardew, Ben (February 19, 2020). "How 'Groove is in the Heart' captured the energy of '90s New York club culture". DJ Mag. Archived August 14, 2022 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved August 23, 2022. 30 years ago, a multicultural trio who found delights on New York City dancefloors released a single that merged funk, pop, and disco in a hip-hop collage style.
  6. ^ "As part of the Guardian's summer of music, our critics have put together a history of modern music. We'll be looking at a different genre every day, starting off with a history of pop, then moving along to rock, hip-hop and R&B, indie, dance, world and folk, and jazz.". The Guardian. Archived August 26, 2017 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved March 12, 2017.
  7. ^ "A history of modern music: Dance". The Guardian. Archived August 26, 2017 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved March 12, 2017.
  8. ^ "100 Greatest Dance Songs". Slant Magazine. January 30, 2006. Archived November 20, 2015 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved April 16, 2011.
  9. ^ "Deee-Lite: Groove Is in the Heart" (Music), archived January 20, 2023 at the Wayback Machine, retrieved 2024-02-13
  10. ^ Metzger, Richard (April 4, 2013). "Bringing the Funk from the East Village to the Global Village: Vintage Deee-Lite performances.". Dangerous Minds. Archived March 20, 2015 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved March 22, 2015.
  11. ^ Plagenhoef, Scott (ed.) (November 2008). The Pitchfork 500. Simon & Schuster. p. 96. ISBN 978-1-4165-6202-3.
  12. ^ "One Song Podcast". YouTube. Retrieved 9 December 2024. LUXXURY from One Song podcast demonstrates Eva Gabor sample source in "Groove is in the Heart"
  13. ^ Considine, J.D. (1990). "Deee-Lite – World Clique". Baltimore Sun – via Milwaukee Journal. (September 9, 1990).
  14. ^ Coleman, Bill (June 30, 1990). "Single Reviews". Billboard. p. 79. Archived August 8, 2020 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved October 28, 2020.
  15. ^ Hannan, Bevan (July 30, 1992). "A dee-lite look at the world clique". The Canberra Times. p. 15. Archived March 7, 2023 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved April 26, 2020.
  16. ^ Giles, David (August 11, 1990). "Singles". Music Week. p. 19. Archived March 9, 2021 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved October 31, 2020.
  17. ^ Mead, Helen. "Deee Lite – World Clique". NME. Archived August 17, 2000 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved November 24, 2020.
  18. ^ "Picks and Pans Review: World Clique". People. Vol. 34, no. 14. October 8, 1990. Archived April 7, 2023 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved November 13, 2020.
  19. ^ Grady, Ross (March 8, 1991). "Top ten picks not to overlook". The Rice Thresher. p. 17. Archived April 7, 2023 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved April 26, 2020.
  20. ^ Sullivan, Caroline (September 5, 1990). "Review: LPs". Smash Hits. p. 54. Retrieved October 19, 2020. – via Flickr
  21. ^ UK
  22. ^ Masterton, James (May 19, 2020). "Asking for Another (Sale)". Chart Watch UK. Archived January 17, 2021 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved January 3, 2021.
  23. ^ "Deee-Lite: Groove Is in the Heart (Music Video 1990) - Awards". IMDb. Archived December 4, 2024 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 2024-02-13.
  24. ^ Stopera, Matt & Galindo, Brian (March 11, 2017). "The 101 Greatest Dance Songs of the '90s". BuzzFeed. Archived June 30, 2020 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved March 31, 2020.
  25. ^ "Q – 1001 best songs ever (2003)". Muzieklijstjes.nl. Archived July 27, 2013 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved April 17, 2020.
  26. ^ "Paul Morley". Archived from the original on June 19, 2006. Retrieved February 27, 2026. – via Rocklist.
  27. ^ "100 Greatest Songs of the '90s: Full List". VH1. Archived December 16, 2007 at the Wayback Machine.
  28. ^ "The Top 200 Tracks of the 1990s". Pitchfork. September 1, 2010. Archived May 3, 2021 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved July 11, 2018.
  29. ^ Savage, Mark (March 21, 2017). "Record Store Day: Our pick of the 10 Best Releases". BBC News Online. Archived February 5, 2018 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved March 4, 2018.
  30. ^ Stopera, Matt & Galindo, Brian (March 11, 2017). "The 101 Greatest Dance Songs of the '90s". BuzzFeed. Archived June 30, 2020 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved October 4, 2018.
  31. ^ "The 100 best party songs". Time Out. March 8, 2018. Archived October 30, 2020 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved October 4, 2018.
  32. ^ "The 500 Greatest Songs of All Time". Rolling Stone. September 15, 2021. Archived November 4, 2021 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved November 4, 2021.
  33. ^ Petridis, Alexis (November 17, 2022). "The 70 Greatest No 2 Singles – Ranked!". The Guardian.
  34. ^ "The 500 Best Pop Songs: Staff List". Billboard. October 19, 2023. Archived November 5, 2023 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved October 20, 2023.
  35. ^ Domanick, Andrea; Unterberger, Andrew; Leight, Elias; Renner Brown, Eric; Lipshutz, Jason; Lynch, Joe; Bein, Kat; Bein, Katie; Rodriguez, Krystal; Moayeri, Lily; Newman, Melinda; Smith, Thomas; McCarthy, Zei (March 28, 2025). "The 100 Best Dance Songs of All Time: Staff List". Billboard. Archived April 7, 2025 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved April 6, 2025.
  36. ^ "Singles Of The Year". Melody Maker. December 22, 1990. Retrieved February 24, 2023.
  37. ^ Pollock, Bruce (2005). The Rock Song Index: The 7500 Most Important Songs of the Rock and Roll Era. 2nd ed. Routledge. p. 129. ISBN 0-415-97073-3.
  38. ^ Dimery, Robert (ed.) (2011 [2010]). "10,001 Songs You Must Hear…". 1001 Songs You Must Hear Before You Die. Octopus Publishing Group. ISBN 978-1-84403-684-4.
  39. ^ MTV Dance. December 27, 2011.
  40. ^ "100 Singli 1990–1999" (in Polish). Porcys. August 20, 2012. Archived October 31, 2019 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved October 31, 2019.
  41. ^ Nappy (July 12, 2013). "15 Songs That Gave Dance Music a Good Name". Complex. Archived September 17, 2020 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved April 8, 2020.
  42. ^ "Die 700 besten Songs aller Zeiten" (in German). Musikkexpress. March 21, 2014. Retrieved November 4, 2019.
  43. ^ Lamb, Bill (November 13, 2017). "The Best 100 Songs From the 1990s". ThoughtCo. Archived August 24, 2018 at the Wayback Machine.
  44. ^ "The 2018 Results". Max. 2018. Archived from the original on October 29, 2018. Retrieved April 26, 2020.
  45. ^ "Greatest of All Time: Billboard's Top Songs of the '90s". Billboard. 2019. Archived June 7, 2019 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved May 1, 2022.
  46. ^ "The 2019 Results: 1000 Greatest Songs of All Time". Max. 2019. Archived from the original on September 28, 2019. Retrieved November 2, 2019.
  47. ^ "The Best Basslines In Dance Music, According To You". Mixmag. May 7, 2020. Archived November 10, 2024 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved October 16, 2024.
  48. ^ "90s Dance – The Essential Playlist". Classic Pop. February 21, 2022. Archived September 24, 2024 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved September 24, 2024.
  49. ^ "The 250 Best Songs of the 1990s". Pitchfork. September 27, 2022. Archived September 27, 2022 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved October 29, 2022.
  50. ^ Dolan, Jon; Lopez, Julyssa; Matos, Michaelangelo; Shaffer, Claire (July 22, 2022). "200 Greatest Dance Songs of All Time". Rolling Stone. Archived October 31, 2022 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved October 30, 2022.
  51. ^ Levine, Nick (January 21, 2022). "The 100 best party songs ever made". Time Out. Archived June 16, 2022 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved February 22, 2022.
  52. ^ "Groove Is In the Heart!!! - EP by Deee-Lite on Apple Music". Apple Music. Archived May 30, 2022 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved May 30, 2022.
  53. ^ World Clique (liner notes). Elektra. 1990.
  54. ^ "Deee-Lite – World Clique – Credits". AllMusic. Archived September 30, 2017 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved October 4, 2017.
  55. ^ "Eurochart Hot 100 Singles". Music & Media. Vol. 7, no. 38. September 22, 1990. p. IV. Archived January 23, 2021 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved August 29, 2020.
  56. ^ Pennanen, Timo (2006). Sisältää hitin – levyt ja esittäjät Suomen musiikkilistoilla vuodesta 1972 (in Finnish). 1st ed. Helsinki: Tammi. ISBN 978-951-1-21053-5.
  57. ^ "Top 10 in Europe". Music & Media. Vol. 7, no. 51. December 22, 1990. p. 52. Retrieved March 22, 2018.
  58. ^ "Classifiche" (in Italian). Musica e Dischi. Retrieved May 30, 2022. Set "Tipo" on "Singoli". Then, in the "Artista" field, search "Deee-Lite".
  59. ^ "Radio Luxembourg Singles. September 16, 1990.". Archived October 4, 2025 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved August 21, 2025.
  60. ^ Salaverri, Fernando (September 2005). Sólo éxitos: año a año, 1959–2002 (in Spanish). 1st ed. Spain: Fundación Autor-SGAE. ISBN 84-8048-639-2.
  61. ^ "Charts". Melody Maker. September 15, 1990. p. 2.
  62. ^ "Top Dance Singles". Music Week. September 8, 1990. p. 11. Archived August 31, 2023 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved September 6, 2023. – via World Radio History.
  63. ^ "The Record Mirror Club Chart". Record Mirror. Vol. 37, no. 33. August 18, 1990. p. 41. Retrieved September 1, 2025.
  64. ^ "Billboard Hot 100". Billboard. November 17, 1990. Archived December 3, 2024 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved March 26, 2025.
  65. ^ "Dance Singles Sales". Billboard. October 13, 1990. Archived December 16, 2024 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved March 26, 2025.
  66. ^ "Dance Club Songs". Billboard. August 25, 1990. Archived September 27, 2019 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved March 26, 2025.
  67. ^ "Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs". Billboard. December 15, 1990. Archived February 25, 2025 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved March 26, 2025.
  68. ^ "CASH BOX Top 100 Pop Singles – Week ending NOVEMBER 24, 1990". Cash Box. Archived October 7, 2012 at the Wayback Machine.
  69. ^ "ARIA Top 50 Singles for 1990". ARIA. Archived March 12, 2017 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved March 26, 2025.
  70. ^ "Top 50 Dance Tracks of 1990". RPM. Vol. 53, no. 6. December 22, 1990. Retrieved May 18, 2016. – via Library and Archives Canada
  71. ^ "Eurochart Hot 100 Singles: 1990". Music & Media. Vol. 7, no. 51. December 22, 1990. p. 36. Archived June 16, 2022 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved January 15, 2020.
  72. ^ Racca, Guido. "1990". musica e dischi Top 100 Year-End 1960 - 2018 (in Italian). pp. 87–89. ISBN 9781980329121.
  73. ^ "Top 100–Jaaroverzicht van 1990" (in Dutch). Dutch Top 40. Archived December 20, 2014 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved July 30, 2014.
  74. ^ "Jaaroverzichten – Single 1990" (in Dutch). Single Top 100. Retrieved July 30, 2014.
  75. ^ "End of Year Charts 1990". Recorded Music NZ. Archived April 11, 2023 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved December 3, 2017.
  76. ^ "Årstopplistan 1990, Singlar" (in Swedish). Grammotex. Archived from the original on 16 February 2001. Retrieved 7 April 2025.
  77. ^ "1990 Top 100 Singles". Music Week. March 2, 1991. p. 41.
  78. ^ "The Record Mirror Year End Club Chart". Record Mirror. Vol. 38, no. 1. January 5, 1991. p. 41. Retrieved September 1, 2025.
  79. ^ "The Year in Music 1990". Billboard. Vol. 102, no. 51. December 22, 1990. p. YE-31.
  80. ^ Racca, Guido. "1991". musica e dischi Top 100 Year-End 1960 - 2018 (in Italian). pp. 89–92. ISBN 9781980329121.
  81. ^ "Top 100 Hits for 1991". The Longbored Surfer. Archived January 7, 2014 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved July 30, 2014.
  82. ^ Cardew, Ben (February 19, 2020). "How 'Groove is in the Heart' captured the energy of '90s New York club culture". DJ Mag. Archived October 17, 2021 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved October 17, 2021.
  83. ^ "New Release Summary: Singles". The ARIA Report. No. 36. September 16, 1990. p. 19.
  84. ^ "ディー・ライト | グルーブ・イズ・イン・ザ・ハート" [Deee-Lite | Groove Is in the Heart] (in Japanese). Oricon. Retrieved September 14, 2025.
  85. ^ "New Release Summary: Singles". The ARIA Report. No. 38. September 30, 1990. p. 19.
  86. ^ "Questlove, Black Thought, and Charli XCX cover "Groove is in the Heart" — listen". Consequence of Sound. Archived April 10, 2023 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved February 24, 2015.