Grodno region

{{Short description|Region of Belarus}} {{pp-move}} {{More citations needed|date=August 2011}} {{Infobox settlement | name = Grodno Region | other_name = | official_name = Grodno Oblast | native_name = {{native name|be|Гродзенская вобласць|italics=off}} {{native name|ru|Гродненская область|italics=off}} | native_name_lang = | image_flag = Flag of Hrodna Voblasts.svg | flag_link = | image_shield = Coat of Arms of Hrodna Voblasts.svg | shield_size = 75 | shield_link = | flag_size = | image_skyline =  {{multiple image | border = infobox | perrow = 1/2/2/2/2 | total_width = 250 | image1 = Mir Castle 2018.jpg | image2 = Grodno Saint Francis Xavier Cathedral (254050323).jpeg{{!}}Saint Francis Xavier Cathedral in Grodno | image3 = Свяцкі палац (05).jpg{{!}}Wołłowicz Palace in Sviack | image4 = Красносельские меловые карьеры - panoramio.jpg | image5 = Чёртово озеро.jpg | footer = From the top to bottom-right: [[Mir Castle Complex]], [[St. Francis Xavier Cathedral, Grodno|St. Francis Xavier Cathedral]], Sviack Palace, [[Vawkavysk District]], Devil's Lake}} | imagesize = | image_caption = | settlement_type = [[Regions of Belarus|Region]] | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = [[Belarus]] | subdivision_type1 = [[Administrative center]] | subdivision_name1 = [[Grodno]] | subdivision_type2 = [[List of cities and largest towns in Belarus|Largest cities]] | subdivision_name2 = [[Grodno]] - 373,547<ref>{{cite web|url=http://grodno.belstat.gov.by/ofitsialnaya-statistika/demograficheskaya-i-sotsialnaya-statistika/naselenie-i-migratsiya/naselenie/godovye-dannye/chislennost-naseleniya-po-g-grodno-i-rayonam/|title=Численность населения по г. Гродно и районам Гродненской области на 1 января каждого года с 1996 по 2019гг./Population of Grodno and rayons of the Grodno Region|language=ru|publisher=grodno.belstat.gov.by|date=1 January 2019|access-date=6 April 2019|archive-date=29 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220129130736/https://grodno.belstat.gov.by/ofitsialnaya-statistika/demograficheskaya-i-sotsialnaya-statistika/naselenie-i-migratsiya/naselenie/godovye-dannye/chislennost-naseleniya-po-g-grodno-i-rayonam/|url-status=dead}}</ref> [[Lida]] - 101,616 [[Slonim]] - 49,441 | subdivision_type3 = [[Districts of Belarus|District]]s | subdivision_name3 = 17 Cities: 12 [[Urban-type settlement|Urban localities]]: 21 | subdivision_type4 = City districts | subdivision_name4 = 2 | area_total_km2 = 25118.07 | demographics_type1 = GDP {{nobold|(nominal,2024)}} | demographics1_footnotes = <ref>{{Cite web|title= Gross domestic product and gross regional product by regions and Minsk city in 2024|url= https://www.belstat.gov.by/upload-belstat/upload-belstat-pdf/oficial_statistika/2024/vvp_vrp_proizvod_metod-en.pdf|website= www.belstat.gov.by}}</ref> | demographics1_title1 = Total | demographics1_info1 = Br 27.072 billion ([[US$]]8.292 billion) | demographics1_title2 = Per capita | demographics1_info2 = Br 27,381 ([[US$]]8,387) | population_total = 992,556 | population_footnotes = <ref name="pop">{{cite web|url=https://www.belstat.gov.by/ofitsialnaya-statistika/solialnaya-sfera/naselenie-i-migratsiya/naselenie/statisticheskie-izdaniya/index_89355/|title=Численность населения на 1 января 2024 г. и среднегодовая численность населения за 2023 год по Республике Беларусь в разрезе областей, районов, городов, поселков городского типа|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240402055418/https://www.belstat.gov.by/ofitsialnaya-statistika/solialnaya-sfera/naselenie-i-migratsiya/naselenie/statisticheskie-izdaniya/index_89355/|archive-date=2 April 2024|website=belsat.gov.by|access-date=13 May 2024}}</ref> | population_as_of = 2024 | population_density_km2 = auto | elevation_max_m = 323 | elevation_min_m = 80 | elevation_footnotes = {{efn|Highest point: [[Zamkovaya Mountain]] Lowest point: Spot were the [[Neman|Neman River]] crosses the country's border.}} | image_map = Hrodna Voblast in Belarus.svg | image_map1 = Hrodna voblasć location map.svg | image_dot_map = | postal_code_type = | postal_code = | area_code = | leader_title = Chairman | leader_name = [[Yury Karayeu]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://grodno-region.gov.by/ru/rukovodstvo-ru|title = Руководство областного исполнительного комитета|language = ru}}</ref> | iso_code = BY-HR | blank_name_sec2 = [[Human Development Index|HDI]] (2022) | blank_info_sec2 = 0.798<ref>{{Cite web|title=Sub-national HDI - Area Database - Global Data Lab|url=https://globaldatalab.org/shdi/table/shdi/BLR/?levels=1+4&years=2022&interpolation=0&extrapolation=0|access-date=|website=hdi.globaldatalab.org|language=en}}</ref> {{color|#0c0|high}} · [[List of regions of Belarus by Human Development Index|3rd]] | website = {{URL|http://www.region.grodno.by}} | mapframe = yes | mapframe-zoom = 6 | mapframe-point = none }}

'''Grodno Region''', also known as '''Grodno Oblast'''{{efn|{{langx|ru|Гродненская область|Grodnenskaya oblast'}}; {{langx|pl|Obwód Grodzieński}}.}} or '''Hrodna Voblasts''',{{efn|{{langx|be|Гродзенская вобласць|Hrodzienskaja voblasć}}.}} is a region of Belarus. Its administrative centre and its namesake, [[Grodno]], is the largest city in the whole region. As of 2024, it has a population of 992,556.<ref name="pop"/>

Located in western [[Belarus]], it lies on the [[Neman|Neman River]]. The region borders [[Minsk region|the Minsk region]] to the east, [[Brest region|the Brest region]] to the south, [[Poland]] ([[Podlaskie Voivodeship]]) to the west and [[Vitebsk region|the Vitebsk region]] and [[Lithuania]] ([[Alytus County|Alytus]] and [[Vilnius County|Vilnius]] counties) to the north.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Hrodna {{!}} Region, History, Population, & Points of Interest {{!}} Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Hrodna-Belarus |access-date=2025-01-28 |website=www.britannica.com |language=en}}</ref>

==History== This region comprised the westernmost "borderlands" of the early [[East Slavs]] (possibly the tribal union [[Dregoviches]]) on the lands of the [[Balts]] in the 6th–9th centuries CE. The city of [[Grodno]] is first mentioned in the ''[[Primary Chronicle]]'' under the year 1127 as ''Goroden''. It was located at the crossing of numerous trading routes, possibly originating as far as the late 10th century. It also became the capital of a poorly attested but separate principality.<ref>{{Cite web |title=About Grodno {{!}} УО "Гродненский колледж экономики и управления" Белкоопсоюза |url=https://gkeu.bks.by/about-grodno/ |access-date=2024-12-24 |website=gkeu.bks.by}}</ref> In the 12th–14th centuries, it formed part of the area sometimes known as [[Black Ruthenia]], which was fully incorporated into the [[Grand Duchy of Lithuania]] in the 13th century.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Chorna Rus’ |url=https://www.encyclopediaofukraine.com/display.asp?linkpath=pages%5CC%5CH%5CChornaRushDA.htm#:~:text=Chorna%2520Rus'%2520%255B%D0%A7%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%2520%D0%A0%D1%83%D1%81%D1%8C%255D,the%25201240s%2520Lithuania%2520conquered%2520it. |access-date=2024-12-06 |website=www.encyclopediaofukraine.com}}</ref> The Baltic [[Yotvingians]] who inhabited the Grodno region became increasingly [[Lithuanization|Lithuanized]], especially during the formation of the State of [[Lithuania]] in the 13th century. As a result, Grodno and its surroundings were included in [[Ethnographic Lithuania]] for long thereafter. (e.g. in the 19th century the Lithuanian-inhabited areas were still nearby the present-day suburbs of Grodno city).<ref>{{cite web |last1=Vidugiris |first1=Aloyzas |title=Gardino sritis |url=https://www.vle.lt/straipsnis/gardino-sritis/ |website=[[Visuotinė lietuvių enciklopedija]] |access-date=22 June 2024 |language=lt}}</ref>

In 1413, the area became administratively divided between the newly established [[Trakai Voivodeship]] and the [[Vilnius Voivodeship]]. In 1507, the southern part of the current oblast became part of the newly formed [[Nowogródek Voivodeship (1507–1795)|Nowogródek Voivodeship]]. Historical cities of notable importance were [[Grodno]] (seat of Grodno County and one of the main royal residences of the [[Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth|Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth]]), [[Nowogródek]] (provincial capital since 1507), county seats of [[Vawkavysk]], [[Slonim]], [[Lida]], and [[Mir, Belarus|Mir]], (a [[private town]] of the [[Radziwiłł family]]). These cities were granted the [[Magdeburg Law]] charters in 1441, 1511, 1503, 1532, 1590, and 1579 respectively.<ref>{{cite book|last=Rewieńska|first=Wanda|title=Miasta i miasteczka magdeburskie w woj. wileńskim i nowogródzkim|year=1938|location=Lida|language=pl|pages=11–12}}</ref>

The strong economic development of the area continued during the reign of King [[Casimir IV Jagiellon|Casimir]]'s son — Duke [[Alexander Jagiellon]] of Lithuania ({{reign | 1492 | 1506}}) — who founded the first solid bridge over the [[Neman River]], as well as the monasteries of the [[Order of Saint Augustine]] and of the Polish [[Order of Friars Minor]]. Later, [[Bona Sforza]], Queen-Consort of Poland and Grand Duchess-Consort of Lithuania (r. 1518–1548), established her royal residence in Grodno. According to medieval surveys, Grodno had 35 streets and 700 houses in 1558.

The golden age of Grodno came with the reign of [[Stephen Báthory]], King of Poland ({{Reign|1576|1586}}). During his reign, Grodno became a royal headquarters and began to host sessions of the [[Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth]] [[Senate of Poland|Senate]] and [[Sejm of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth|Parliament]] (Sejm). In 1580, on the king's order, [[Old Grodno Castle|the castle of Grodno]] was rebuilt in [[Renaissance]] architectural style by Scoto di Parma.

[[File:Horadnia, Novy zamak. Горадня, Новы замак (XVIII).jpg|thumb|left|18th-century view of the New Castle in Grodno]] At the beginning of the 17th century, Grodno, one of the most developed and important cities in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, was traditionally recognized as the third capital of the commonwealth. Deterioration of the province's status began with the [[Livonian War]] between 1558 and 1583, which pitted the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth and the [[Swedish Empire]] in a lengthy and exhausting military conflict against the [[Tsardom of Russia]]. Between 1765 and 1780, the province regained some of its previous status when [[Antoni Tyzenhaus]], the Treasurer of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and administrator of Polish royal estates, governed the capital and the province. Tyzenhaus fostered around 50 new commercial endeavors in the region with the building of manufactures, mills and workshops.

As part of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, and due to subsequent [[Partitions of Poland]], the whole of the Grodno region was annexed by the [[Russian Empire]] by the end of 1795. The city of Grodno then became a seat for the [[Grodno Governorate]].

During [[World War I]], the governorate was occupied by the [[German Empire]]. German troops entered Grodno city on 3 September 1915, plundering the ''Library of Dominicans Order''. During the German occupation, Polish citizens were persecuted and had restricted civil rights. Towards the end of the war, the [[Belarusian People's Republic]] (BNR) declared its independence from [[Soviet Russia]] in March 1918 in [[Minsk]]. Grodno was the site of the last stand of the [[Rada of the Belarusian People's Republic|BNR's Council]] (''Rada''). Soon, the council was forced to flee as Soviet troops invaded the region and the city in 1919 in a prelude to the [[Polish–Soviet War]].

[[File:Lida, Vilenskaja-Rynak. Ліда, Віленская-Рынак (1930).jpg|thumb|left|[[Lida]] in the 1930s]] Under the terms of the [[Peace Treaty of Riga]], the region and the city returned to the [[Second Polish Republic]] which claimed rights to this territory as a successor to the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth and as a victorious side of the [[Polish–Soviet War]]. By 1939, Grodno city had 60,000 inhabitants, with Poles and [[Jews]] accounting for 60% and 37% of the population, respectively. During Polish rule, Grodno was the center of [[Grodno County (1919-1939)|Grodno County]] in [[Białystok Voivodeship (1919–1939)|Białystok Voivodeship]], but some parts of present Grodno region were in the voivodeships of [[Nowogródek Voivodeship (1919–39)|Nowogródek]] and [[Wilno Voivodeship (1926–39)|Wilno]].

After [[World War II]] started, on 17 September 1939 ([[Soviet invasion of Poland|Soviet Invasion of Poland]]), the Grodno area [[Polish areas annexed by the Soviet Union|was invaded by the Soviet Union]], and forcibly incorporated into the [[Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic]]. Over 300 captured Polish defenders of Grodno, including Polish Army officers and youth, were summarily executed by Soviet forces.<ref>{{cite book|author= |title=Agresja sowiecka na Polskę i okupacja wschodnich terenów Rzeczypospolitej 1939–1941|year=2019|language=pl|location=Białystok-Warszawa|publisher=[[Institute of National Remembrance|IPN]]|page=9|isbn=978-83-8098-706-7}}</ref> Grodno was located in the newly established [[Belastok Region|Belastok region]]. Thousands were imprisoned or deported to [[Siberia]] and [[Kazakhstan]].{{Citation needed|date=May 2026|reason=This citation was previously cited to another wikipedia article, and even that did not support the claim (the article only provided estimates for the republic as a whole)}} In the early summer of 1941, the region fell under [[Operation Barbarossa#Belorussia|German occupation]] as part of [[Operation Barbarossa]]. During the Soviet retreat, [[NKVD prisoner massacres#Belarus|more executions of Polish prisoners of war occurred in Grodno.]]

In November 1941, the occupation forces established the [[Grodno Ghetto]] for Jewish citizens of Grodno and the rest of the region. In 1942, after a year of severe persecution and planned starvation of ghetto inhabitants, 10,000 Jews from Grodno were deported to the German concentration camp of [[Auschwitz-Birkenau]] to be killed. The following year, in 1943, 17,000 of the surviving ghetto inhabitants were also deported to [[Auschwitz-Birkenau]], as well as to the [[Treblinka extermination camp]] and the [[Białystok Ghetto]].

As of 13 March 1943, German troops reported the completion of the extermination and declared Grodno city ''[[judenfrei]]'' (free of Jews). However, around 50 Jews had survived, some hidden by non-Jewish families. Polish and Soviet underground forces acted in the region. Villages like [[Dziarečyn]], which originally had large Jewish populations, were greatly reduced.

As a result of [[Joseph Stalin]]'s policy of expansion to the west, it was decided (during the [[Yalta Conference]]) that the Polish eastern border would be set roughly along the [[Curzon Line]]. Based on this decision, the left-bank part of Grodno town would be kept within the borders of Poland. It is not clear how the original Curzon Line near Grodno was moved by around 20 km to the west. When the so-called "mistake" (today regarded rather as sabotage within British ministry structures) became obvious to negotiators, Stalin refused to correct the mistaken line. Despite multiple and desperate appeals from Polish citizens of Grodno, the whole Grodno region, including the [[Sapotskin]] Triangle (still ethnically Polish today), was incorporated to the [[Soviet Belarus]] and many Poles emigrated or were expelled.{{Citation needed|date=May 2026|reason=This citation was previously cited to another wikipedia article, see Population exchange between Poland and Soviet Belarus article}}

In 1944, the Belastok Region was dissolved and the Grodno region was established.

Since 1991, the Grodno region constitutes [[Regions of Belarus|one of the six regions]] of independent [[Belarus]].

==Heritage and tourism== The main tourist attractions in the region are numerous old architectural constructions such as castles in [[Mir Castle Complex|Mir]], [[Lida Castle|Lida]], and [[Navahrudak Castle|Novogrudok]]. A part of the [[Białowieża Forest]] is situated here, but the tourist excursions start from the [[Brest region]] part of the National Park. [[Zhyrovichy Monastery]] is also a destination for religious travellers.

The [[Mir Castle Complex]] and [[Belovezhskaya Pushcha National Park]] are [[UNESCO]] [[World Heritage Site]]s. There are also sites from the Belarusian cultural heritage list, such as the [[Church of Saint Anthony of Padua in Kamienka]]; [[St. Francis Xavier Cathedral, Grodno|St. Francis Xavier Cathedral]] in Grodno; [[St Andrew's Church, Slonim|St Andrew's Church]] in [[Slonim]]; and the [[Church of the Holy Trinity, Gierviaty|Church of the Holy Trinity]] in [[Hyervyaty]]. Two castles dating from the 14th to 18th centuries are located in Grodno on the steep right bank of the Neman. One of the city's surviving masterpieces is the 12th century [[Eastern Orthodox Church|Orthodox]] [[Kalozha Church|Church of St Boris & St Gleb (Kalozhskaya Church)]], which is the second oldest in Belarus. There is a museum dedicated to poet [[Adam Mickiewicz]] in his childhood home in [[Novogrudok]].

There are about 45 travel agencies in Grodno region, half of them provide agent activity, the other half are tour operators.<ref name=agencies-regions>{{cite web |url = http://landofancestors.com/travel/statistics/250-number-of-organizations-engaged-in-tourist-activities-in-2010-in-belarus.html |title = Number of organizations engaged in tourist activities in 2010 in Belarus |publisher = National Statistical Committee of the Republic of Belarus |author= Ministry of Sports and Tourism of the Republic of Belarus. |year = 2011 |website = Land of Ancestors |access-date= 9 October 2013 }}</ref><ref name=agencies-activiry>{{cite web |url = http://landofancestors.com/travel/statistics/252-number-of-organisations-engaged-in-tourist-activities-in-belarus-by-region.html |title = Number of organisations engaged in tourist activities in Belarus by region |publisher = National Statistical Committee of the Republic of Belarus |author= Ministry of Sports and Tourism of the Republic of Belarus. |year = 2011 |website = Land of Ancestors |access-date= 9 October 2013 }}</ref>

==Demographics== The province covers an area of 25,100 km2 and has a population of 1,065,100, giving a population density of 42/km2.<ref name=statistics>{{cite web |url = http://landofancestors.com/travel/statistics/geography/236-territory-and-population-density-by-region-as-of-january-1-2011.html |title = Main Geographic Characteristics of the Republic of Belarus. Territory and population density of Belarus by region as of January 1, 2011 |publisher = The Scientific and Production State Republican Unitary Enterprise “National Cadastre Agency” of the State Property Committee of the Republic of Belarus |year = 2011 |website = Land of Ancestors |access-date= 24 September 2013 }}</ref> About 63.5% live in cities and towns, while 36.5% live in rural areas. Females account for 53% of the region's population and men 47%. There are about 310,000 children under 19, and about 240,000 people aged 60 or over as of 2025.

Nowadays, Belarusians account for 62.3% of the population. The region is a home to significant minority populations.

;Population (1930) * Poles (60.5%) * Jews (37.5%) * Belarusians (0.5%) * Russians (0.5%) * Ukrainians (0.2%) * Lithuanians (0.2%) * Tatars (0.2%) * other nationalities (0.2%)

;Population (2002) * Belarusians (62.3%) * Poles (24.8%) * Russians (10%) * Ukrainians (1.8%) * Jews (0.4%) * Tatars (0.2%) * Lithuanians (0.2%) * other nationalities (0.4%)

Whereas Belarus as a whole is primarily [[Russian Orthodox]], Grodno region has two major religions, [[Roman Catholic]] and Russian Orthodox. There are 449 religious communities and 18 denominations, 2 Russian Orthodox [[eparchy|eparchial]] districts, 1 Orthodox [[nun]] sorority, 2 Catholic [[monk]] brotherhoods, 1 Catholic nun sorority, 2 Orthodox and 4 Catholic [[monasteries]], 165 Orthodox and 169 Catholic churches. The Catholic minority{{citation needed|date=August 2020}} is made up mostly{{citation needed|date=August 2020}} of Poles, although the identifier "Pole" has also been historically applied to Catholic [[Belarusian people|Belarusians]].

<gallery class="left" heights="240px" widths="200px"> Belarusians in Hrodzienskaja voblasć, Belarus (2009 census).png|Belarusians in the region{{legend|#b00|>90%}}{{legend|#f44|80–90%}}{{legend|#f88|70–80%}}{{legend|orange|60–70%}}{{legend|#fd9|50–60%}}{{legend|#ff9|40–50%}}{{legend|white|<40%}} Poles in Hrodzienskaja voblasć, Belarus (2009 census).png|Poles in the region{{legend|Black|>50%}}{{legend|Indigo|30–50%}}{{legend|DarkMagenta|20–30%}}{{legend|MediumOrchid|10–20%}}{{legend|Plum|5–10%}}{{legend|Thistle|2–5%}}{{legend|White|<2%}} Russians in Hrodzienskaja voblasć, Belarus (2009 census).png|Russians in the region{{legend|#009|>10%}}{{legend|#33f|8–10%}}{{legend|#66f|5–8%}}{{legend|#aaf|<5%}} </gallery>

==Administrative subdivisions== Grodno region is subdivided into 17 [[districts]] ([[Raion|rajons]]), 194 [[selsoviet]]s, 12 cities, 6 city municipalities, and 21 [[urban-type settlement]]s.

=== Districts of Grodno region === {{div col|colwidth=20em}} * [[Ashmyany District]] * [[Astravyets District]] * [[Byerastavitsa District]] * [[Dzyatlava District]] * [[Grodno District]] * [[Iwye District]] * [[Karelichy District]] * [[Lida District]] * [[Masty District]] * [[Novogrudok District]] * [[Shchuchyn District]] * [[Slonim District]] * [[Smarhon District]] * [[Svislach District]] * [[Vawkavysk District]] * [[Voranava District]] * [[Zelva District]] {{div col end}}

===Cities and towns=== [[File:Grodno Saint Francis Xavier Cathedral IMG 1329 2175.jpg|thumb|[[Grodno]]]] [[File:Belarus Lida Castle (256497035).jpeg|thumb|[[Lida]]]]

Population of cities and towns in Grodno region:<ref name="pop"/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.belstat.gov.by/upload/iblock/641/6413c98dc24f132914d570b45eea7d53.pdf/|title=Численность населения по городам Гродненской области на 1 января 2018 года/Population of cities and towns of the Grodno region on 1 January 2018|language=ru|publisher=www.belstat.gov.by|date=1 January 2018|access-date=6 April 2019|archive-date=19 November 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221119083916/https://www.belstat.gov.by/upload/iblock/641/6413c98dc24f132914d570b45eea7d53.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable sortable" ! English ! Belarusian ! Pop. (2023) ! Pop. (2018) |- | [[Grodno]] || Гродна || 358,717 || 373,547 |- | [[Lida]] || Ліда || 103,915 || 101,616 |- | [[Slonim]] || Слонім || 49,113 || 49,441 |- | [[Vawkavysk]] || Ваўкавыск || 41,991 || 44,004 |- | [[Smarhon]] || Смаргонь || 35,781 || 37,527 |- | [[Novogrudok]] || Навагрудак || 28,021 || 29,424 |- | [[Ashmyany]] || Ашмяны || 16,870 || 16,875 |- | [[Shchuchyn]] || Шчучын || 15,653 || 15,475 |- | [[Masty, Belarus|Masty]] || Масты || 14,683 || 15,838 |- | [[Astravyets]] || Астравец || 14,805 || 10,878 |- | [[Skidzyelʹ]] || Скідзель || 9,742 || 10,713 |- | [[Byarozawka]] || Бярозаўка || 9,657 || 10,311 |- | [[Dzyatlava]] || Дзятлава || 7,881 || 7,624 |- | [[Iwye]] || Іўе || 7,243 || 7,702 |- | [[Svislach]] || Свiслач || 6,098 || 6,426 |- |}

==Economy==

In 2016, Grodno region produced 10.9% of the industrial output of Belarus.<ref>Industry of Belarus [''Промышленность Республики Беларусь'']. – Minsk: National Statistics Committee of Belarus, 2017. – P. 39.</ref> The biggest company was a nitrogen fertilizer producer, [[Grodno Azot]] (16% of regional industrial output).<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://grodno.gov.by/ru/main.aspx?guid=2181 |title=Промышленность |access-date=2019-06-26 |archive-date=2013-12-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131227031146/http://grodno.gov.by/ru/main.aspx?guid=2181 |url-status=dead }}</ref> In 2017, the biggest taxpayer of the region was [[Grodno tobacco factory]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://news.tut.by/economics/581166.html |title=Самым крупным налогоплательщиком в Гродненской области стала табачная фабрика "Неман" |access-date=2019-06-26 |archive-date=2019-06-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190626104940/https://news.tut.by/economics/581166.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>

The average salary (before income tax) in the region in 2017 was 700 [[Belarusian ruble|BYN]], lower than the average salary in Belarus (820 BYN). The highest salary in the region was recorded in [[Grodno]] (810 BYN).<ref>Regions of the Republic of Belarus [''Регионы Республики Беларусь''] – Vol. 1 – Minsk: National Statistics Committee of Belarus, 2018 – pp. 191–194.</ref>

The unemployment rate in 2017 was estimated at 4.4%, but only 0.8% of the population of employable age was registered as unemployed.<ref>Regions of the Republic of Belarus [''Регионы Республики Беларусь'']. – Vol. 1. – Minsk: National Statistics Committee of Belarus, 2018. – P. 165—168.</ref>

==See also== *[[Second Polish Republic]]’s [[Nowogródek Voivodeship (1919-1939)]] *[[Second Polish Republic]]’s [[Białystok Voivodeship (1919–1939)]] *[[Second Polish Republic]]’s [[Wilno Voivodeship (1926–39)]]

==Notes== {{notelist}}

==References== {{reflist}}

==External links== {{Commons category|Grodno Region}} *[http://region.grodno.by/ Grodno Regional Executive Committee] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060516013530/http://region.grodno.by/ |date=2006-05-16 }}, in Belarusian, Russian, English and Chinese

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[[Category:Grodno region| ]]