{{Distinguish|Haivoron}} {{Use mdy dates|date=October 2013}} {{Infobox Russian inhabited locality | en_name = Grayvoron | ru_name = Грайворон | loc_name1 = | loc_lang1 = | other_name = | other_lang = | image_skyline = Центр,Ленина.jpg | image_caption = Lenina Street in central Grayvoron | image_map = | map_caption = | coordinates = {{coord|50|29|N|35|40|E|display=inline,title}} | pushpin_map = Russia Belgorod Oblast#Russia | image_flag = Flag_of_Grayvoronsky_rayon_(Belgorod_oblast).svg | image_coa = Coat of Arms of Grayvoron (Belgorod oblast).svg | federal_subject = Belgorod Oblast | federal_subject_ref = <ref name="Ref22" /> | adm_district_jur = Grayvoronsky District | adm_district_jur_ref = <ref name="Ref22" /> | adm_inhabloc_jur = | adm_inhabloc_jur_ref = | adm_citydistrict_jur = | adm_citydistrict_type = | adm_citydistrict_jur_ref = | adm_selsoviet_jur = | adm_selsoviet_type = | adm_selsoviet_jur_ref = | capital_of = | capital_of_ref = | adm_ctr_of1 = Grayvoronsky District | adm_ctr_of1_ref = <ref name="OKATO">{{OKATO reference|14 232}}</ref> | adm_ctr_of2 = | adm_ctr_of2_ref = | adm_ctr_of3 = | adm_ctr_of3_ref = | inhabloc_cat = Town | inhabloc_cat_ref = <ref name="Ref22" /> | inhabloc_type = | inhabloc_type_ref = <!-- municipal status --> | mun_district_jur = Grayvoronsky Municipal District | mun_district_jur_ref = <ref name="Ref24" /> | urban_okrug_jur = | urban_okrug_jur_ref = | urban_settlement_jur = Grayvoron Urban Settlement | urban_settlement_jur_ref = <ref name="Ref24" /> | rural_settlement_jur = | rural_settlement_jur_ref = | inter_settlement_territory = | inter_settlement_territory_ref = | mun_admctr_of1 = Grayvoronsky Municipal District | mun_admctr_of1_ref = <ref name="Ref24" /> | mun_admctr_of2 = Grayvoron Urban Settlement | mun_admctr_of2_ref = <ref name="Ref24" /> | leader_title = | leader_title_ref = | leader_name = | leader_name_ref = | representative_body = | representative_body_ref = <!-- statistics --> | elevation_m = | area_km2 = | area_km2_ref = | pop_2010census = 6234 | pop_2010census_rank = | pop_2010census_ref = <ref name="2010Census">{{ru-pop-ref|2010Census}}</ref> | pop_latest = | pop_latest_date = | pop_latest_ref = | population_demonym = | time_zone_ref = <!-- history --> | established_date = August 5, 1678 | established_title = | established_date_ref = <ref name='gray-1'/> | current_cat_date = 1838 | current_cat_date_ref = <ref name='gray-1'/> | abolished_date = | abolished_date_ref = <!-- misc --> | postal_codes = | postal_codes_ref = | dialing_codes = | dialing_codes_ref = | website = http://www.graivoron.ru/nasch_rai/settlement/gorpos/ | mapframe = yes | mapframe-zoom = 12 | mapframe-wikidata = yes | mapframe-marker = city }}
'''Grayvoron''' ({{langx|ru|Гра́йворон}}, {{IPA|ru| ˈɡraɪ̯vərən|pron}}) is a town and the administrative center of Grayvoronsky District in Belgorod Oblast, Russia. It is on the Vorskla river (a tributary of the Dnieper) and the Grayvoronka river. It was known as ''Grayvorony'' until 1838.<ref name='gray-1'/>
==History== The ''sloboda'' of '''Grayvorony''' ({{lang|ru|Грайвороны}}) was founded on August 5, 1678.<ref name="gray-1">{{cite web|title=About our District - Villages|url=http://www.graivoron.ru/nasch_rai/settlement/gorpos/|website=Official District Website|publisher=Grayvoronsky District|access-date=6 September 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006123752/http://www.graivoron.ru/nasch_rai/settlement/gorpos/|archive-date=October 6, 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref> The name can be literally translated as "the scream of the crow".{{citation needed|date=May 2023}} It was granted town status and given its present name in 1838.<ref name='gray-1'/> According to a 1897 census, the town had a population of 6,340, of which 55% were Russians, 43.3% were Ukrainians, 1.1% were Jews, 0.2% were Romani and 0.1% were Poles.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.demoscope.ru/weekly/ssp/rus_lan_97_uezd_eng.php?reg=684|title=Grayvoron district - the city of Grayvoron|website=Demoscope Weekly|access-date=3 December 2023}}</ref>
===Russo-Ukrainian War=== The area has been the site of several cross border incursions by pro-Ukrainian forces since the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine. On 22 May 2023, the Freedom of Russia Legion and Russian Volunteer Corps launched an incursion into parts of Belgorod Oblast, including Grayvoron.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Roth |first=Andrew |date=May 22, 2023 |title=Anti-Putin militia claims to have overrun Russian border village |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/may/22/anti-kremlin-militia-freedom-of-russia-legion-overrun-russian-border-village-kozinka}}</ref> On 23 May, Russia said it had routed the militants, pushing the remainder back into Ukraine.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Osborn |first=Andrew |date=2023-05-23 |title=Russia says cross-border attack from Ukraine has been crushed, one civilian killed |language=en |work=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/counter-terrorism-operation-russias-belgorod-region-continues-governor-2023-05-23/ |access-date=2023-05-23}}</ref>
The settlement was once again the scene of fighting in March 2024, amid another incursion.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-03-20 |title=Putin, After Re-Election Hoopla, Faces the Question That Worried the Tsars: How Does One Defend World's Largest Country? |url=https://www.nysun.com/article/putin-after-re-election-hoopla-faces-the-question-that-worried-the-tsars-how-does-one-defend-worlds-largest-country |access-date=2024-03-29 |website=The New York Sun |language=en}}</ref>
==Administrative and municipal status== Within the framework of administrative divisions, Grayvoron serves as the administrative center of Grayvoronsky District, to which it is directly subordinated.<ref name="Ref22">Resolution #P/21-21-4</ref> As a municipal division, the town of Grayvoron, together with the ''selo'' of {{ill|Lugovka, Belgorod Oblast|ru|Луговка_(Белгородская_область)|lt=Lugovka}} in Grayvoronsky District, is incorporated within Grayvoronsky Municipal District as '''Grayvoron Urban Settlement'''.<ref name="Ref24">Law #159</ref>
== Demographics == Population: {{ru-census|p2021=6,179|p2010=6,234|p2002=6,196|p1989=5,992}}
==Notable people== *Vladimir Shukhov (1853–1939), engineer * Anatoliy Boldyrev (1883–1946), scientist
==References==
===Notes=== {{Reflist}}
===Sources=== *{{RussiaAdmMunRef|bel|adm|list2}} *{{RussiaAdmMunRef|bel|mun|list}}
==External links== *[https://graivoron.ru/ Official website of Grayvoron] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210817114506/https://graivoron.ru/ |date=August 17, 2021 }} {{in lang|ru}} *[https://grajvoron.jsprav.ru/ Grayvoron Business Directory ] {{in lang|ru}} *{{Commons category-inline}}
{{Belgorod Oblast}} {{Authority control}}
Category:Cities and towns in Belgorod Oblast Category:Populated places in Grayvoronsky District Category:Grayvoronsky Uyezd Category:Populated places established in 1678 Category:Vladimir Shukhov Category:1678 establishments in Russia