{{Short description|Village in Cornwall, England}} {{Use British English|date=June 2016}} {{Use dmy dates|date=June 2016}} {{Infobox UK place |static_image_name= Grampound - geograph.org.uk - 198301.jpg |static_image_width= 240 |static_image_caption= Fore Street |static_image_2_name= Grampound_with_Creed_seal.png |static_image_2_width= 240 |static_image_2_caption= Seal of Borough of Grampound |country = England |map_type= Cornwall |official_name= Grampound |coordinates = {{coord|50.298|-4.8996|display=inline,title}} | population = 685 | population_ref = (Built up area, 2021)<ref name=bua>{{cite web |title=Population estimates - small area (2021 based) by single year of age - England and Wales |url=https://www.nomisweb.co.uk/query/advanced.aspx |website=NOMIS |publisher=Office for National Statistics |access-date=19 April 2025}} To get data for individual built-up areas, query the 'Population Estimates / Projections' dataset, then the 'Small area (2021 based) by single year of age - England and Wales' and then choose '2022 built-up areas' for the geography.</ref> |london_distance_mi = 257 |london_distance_km = 359 |unitary_england= Cornwall Council |lieutenancy_england = Cornwall |region= South West England |constituency_westminster= St Austell and Newquay |civil_parish= Grampound with Creed |post_town= TRURO |postcode_area= TR |postcode_district= TR2 |dial_code= 01726 |website= http://www.grampound.org.uk/ |os_grid_reference= SW9355048349 |cornish_name= Ponsmeur }} '''Grampound''' ({{langx|kw|Ponsmeur}})<ref>[http://www.magakernow.org.uk/default.aspx?page=520 Place-names in the Standard Written Form (SWF)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130515091028/http://www.magakernow.org.uk/default.aspx?page=520 |date=15 May 2013 }} : [http://www.magakernow.org.uk/idoc.ashx?docid=79ba408d-7c02-499e-8cd6-b18dd48de58d&version=-1 List of place-names agreed by the MAGA Signage Panel] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130515071635/http://www.magakernow.org.uk/idoc.ashx?docid=79ba408d-7c02-499e-8cd6-b18dd48de58d&version=-1 |date=15 May 2013 }}. Cornish Language Partnership.</ref> is a village in the parish of Grampound with Creed, in Cornwall, England. It is at an ancient crossing point of the River Fal {{convert|6|miles|km|0}} west of St Austell and {{convert|8|miles|km|0}} east of Truro. At the 2021 census the population of the built up area was 685.
==Toponymy== The name Grampound comes from the Norman French: grand (great), pont (bridge), referring to the bridge over the River Fal, with its spelling varying over the last 600 years. The Cornish name Ponsmeur has the same meaning and was first recorded in 1308.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://cornish-place-names.wikidot.com/grampound-creed|title=Grampound (Creed and Probus) - Cornish Place Names|website=Cornish-place-names.wikidot.com|access-date=7 September 2018}}</ref>
==History== The area around Grampound was settled in prehistoric times, and in the early medieval period the parish of Creed and the manor of Tybesta were established here. Grampound grew after the Norman Conquest as the main crossing place on the Fal, a focus for travellers and traders moving between west Cornwall and England. A charter was granted by John of Eltham, Earl of Cornwall, in 1332.<ref name=Henderson>{{cite book|url= https://books.google.com/books?id=QQNIAAAAMAAJ |title= Essays in Cornish History|first=Charles |last=Henderson|year=1963 |page=20|publisher=Barton}}</ref> The town remained important until the 15th century but then went into decline. John Norden referred to the inhabitants as "few and poore" in his account published in 1584.<ref>Balchin, W. G. V. (1954) ''Cornwall''. London: Hodder & Stoughton; p. 87</ref>
The population of the town in 1841 was 607.<ref>{{cite book |title=The National Cyclopaedia of Useful Knowledge |date=1848 |publisher=Charles Knight |location=London |page=Vol.IV, 966 |edition=First}}</ref>
Grampound Road railway station opened in 1859 to serve Grampound, but lay some {{convert|2|miles|km|0}} to the north-west of the village, in the parish of Ladock. A village called Grampound Road subsequently grew up around the station. The station closed in 1964.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Heginbotham |first1=Stephen |title=Cornwall's Railways Remembered |date=2010 |publisher=Halsgrove |isbn=978-0-85704-005-3 |pages=22–26}}</ref>
==Geography== Grampound lies in the valley of the River Fal north of Tregony. It is on the A390 road 10 kilometres (6 mi) west of St Austell and 13 kilometres (8 mi) east of Truro.<ref name="auto">Ordnance Survey: Landranger map sheet 204 ''Truro & Falmouth'' {{ISBN|978-0-319-23149-4}}</ref>
Grampound's linear layout is of Norman origin, with long thin burgage plots extending away from the main street, Fore Street (A390). Most of the village core is a Conservation Area, and there are many listed buildings on Fore Street.
==Demography== At the 2021 census the population of the Grampound built up area was 685.<ref name=bua/> The population of the parish of Grampound with Creed was 850.<ref name=2021census>{{cite web |title=2021 Census Parish Profiles |url=https://www.nomisweb.co.uk/sources/census_2021_pp |website=NOMIS |publisher=Office for National Statistics |access-date=31 March 2025}} (To get individual parish data, use the query function on table PP002.)</ref>
==Transport== The A390 runs through the centre of Grampound, in summer when the A30 is congested, the A390 is an alternative route. It is an issue for residents. Pavements in some parts of the village are narrow or non-existent. Traffic speed is an issue through the village.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://gwcpc.blogspot.com/2013/06/traffic-speed-survey-april-2013.html|title=Grampound with Creed Parish Council Blog: Traffic Speed Survey April 2013|first=Dean|last=Jenkins|date=23 June 2013|website=Gwpc.blogspot.com|access-date=7 September 2018}}</ref> A bypass was considered in 1996, when a route north of the village was favoured, but the plans were rejected, partly due to local protests and partly because Grampound is not large enough to warrant a bypass.
A regular bus service runs to Truro, {{Convert | 8 | mi}} to the west, and St Austell, {{Convert | 6 | mi | 0}} to the east.
==Governance== [[File:Grampound - Town Hall (geograph 6988067).jpg|thumb|upright|Grampound Town Hall]] There are two tiers of local government covering Grampound, at parish and unitary authority level: Grampound with Creed Parish Council and Cornwall Council. The parish council meets at Grampound Town Hall.<ref>{{cite web |title=Meetings and Agendas |url=https://www.grampound.org.uk/meetings-agendas/ |website=Grampound with Creed Parish Council |access-date=30 September 2025}}</ref>
For national elections, Grampound forms part of the St Austell and Newquay constituency.<ref>{{cite web |title=Election Maps |url=https://www.ordnancesurvey.co.uk/election-maps/gb/index.html |publisher=Ordnance Survey |access-date=30 September 2025}}</ref>
===Administrative history=== Grampound historically formed part of the ancient parish of Creed, in the Powder Hundred of Cornwall.<ref name=Youngs/> Grampound was made a borough in 1332.<ref name=Henderson/><ref name=1835commissioners>{{cite book |title=First Report of the Commissioners appointed to inquire into the Municipal Corporations in England and Wales, Part 1 |date=1835 |pages=507–508 |url=https://www.google.co.uk/books/edition/First_Report_of_the_Commissioners_Appoin/7pNRAAAAYAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&pg=RA1-PA507-IA2&printsec=frontcover |access-date=30 September 2025}}</ref>
The seal of the borough of Grampound was "A bridge of two arches over a river, the dexter end in perspective showing the passage over at the sinister and a tree issuing from the base against the bridge on the centre an escutcheon of the arms of the family of Cornwall viz. Argent a lion rampant Gules within a bordure Sable."<ref>{{cite book|last=Pascoe|first=W. H.|title=A Cornish Armory|page=133|year=1979|publisher=Lodenek Press|location=Padstow, Cornwall|isbn=0-902899-76-7}}</ref>
In 1547 the borough was made a constituency for parliamentary elections, as the Grampound parliamentary borough, electing two members of parliament. This was despite the town already being in decline. Grampound was one of several rotten boroughs in Cornwall that were created in the Tudor period.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Goring |first1=J. J. |title=Grampound borough |url=https://www.historyofparliamentonline.org/volume/1509-1558/constituencies/grampound |website=The History of Parliament |access-date=30 September 2025}}</ref> Notable MPs who represented the town included William Noye, John Hampden, Grey Cooper and Charles Wolfran Cornwall. In the late 18th century and early 19th century the constituency became notorious for blatant bribery and corruption in electing its MPs. The small electorate could earn significant money selling their votes; at one election each vote was said to have cost £280.<ref name=1835commissioners/> Matters came to a head following the 1818 general election, after which 24 people involved in giving or receiving bribes in the constituency were jailed. The constituency was subsequently abolished by an Act of Parliament in 1821. Its sitting MPs were allowed to retain their seats until the next general election in 1826, when Grampound's two seats were transferred to the under-represented Yorkshire constituency.<ref name=Jenkins>{{cite web |last1=Jenkins |first1=Terry |title=Grampound Borough |url=https://www.historyofparliamentonline.org/volume/1820-1832/constituencies/grampound |website=The History of Parliament |access-date=30 September 2025}}</ref>
Following the abolition of the constituency, the borough corporation went into terminal decline; its main function had come to be managing the parliamentary elections. The mayor in 1821, David Varcoe, left the borough never to return, and the borough's accounts disappeared.<ref name=Jenkins/> A new mayor was not appointed until 1833, but he was the last mayor. No effort was made to exercise any municipal authority after 1835 and so the borough became effectively defunct.<ref>{{cite book |title=Report of the Commissioners appointed to inquire into Municipal Corporations not subject to the Municipal Corporations Acts |date=1880 |page=143 |url=https://www.google.co.uk/books/edition/Report_of_the_Commissioners_Appointed_to/iHMvAQAAMAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&pg=PA143&printsec=frontcover |access-date=30 September 2025}}</ref> Any residual claim Grampound may have had to being a borough was extinguished in 1886 under the Municipal Corporations Act 1883.<ref>{{cite web |title=Municipal Corporations Act 1883 |url=https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/Vict/46-47/18/pdfs/ukpga_18830018_en.pdf |website=legislation.gov.uk |publisher=The National Archives |access-date=18 September 2025 |page=51}}</ref>
Parish functions under the poor laws were administered separately for the area of Grampound borough and the rest of the parish of Creed, a pattern which continued after the borough ceased operating in the 1830s. In 1866, the legal definition of 'parish' was changed to be the areas used for administering the poor laws, and so Grampound became a separate civil parish from Creed. Despite the split of the civil parish, Grampound remained part of the ecclesiastical parish of Creed.<ref name=Youngs>{{cite book |last1=Youngs |first1=Frederic |title=Guide to the Local Administrative Units of England: Volume I, Southern England |date=1979 |publisher=Royal Historical Society |location=London |isbn=0901050679 |pages=xvi, 60, 61}}</ref>
When elected parish and district councils were established under the Local Government Act 1894, Grampound was given a parish council and included in the St Austell Rural District.<ref name=Youngs/> St Austell Rural District was abolished in 1974 under the Local Government Act 1972, when the area became part of the new borough of Restormel.<ref>{{cite legislation UK|type=si|si=The English Non-metropolitan Districts (Definition) Order 1972|year=1972|number=2039|accessdate=3 March 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite legislation UK|type=si|si=The English Non-metropolitan Districts (Names) Order 1973|year=1973|number=551|accessdate=3 March 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=District Councils and Boroughs |url=https://api.parliament.uk/historic-hansard/written-answers/1974/mar/28/district-councils-and-boroughs#S5CV0871P0_19740328_CWA_145 |website=Parliamentary Debates (Hansard) |access-date=4 December 2021 |date=28 March 1974}}</ref> In 1983 the civil parishes of Creed and Grampound were merged into a new parish called "Grampound with Creed".<ref>{{cite web |title=The Restormel (Parishes) Order 1983 |url=https://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/ukgwa/20221202003052mp_/https://s3-eu-west-2.amazonaws.com/lgbce/__data/assets/pdf_file/0020/12458/restormel-parishes-order-1983.pdf |website=Local Government Boundary Commission for England |publisher=The National Archives |access-date=11 September 2025}}</ref> At the 1971 census (one of the last before the abolition of the parish), Grampound had a population of 401.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://visionofbritain.org.uk/unit/10179294/cube/TOT_POP|title=Population statistics Grampound through time|publisher=A Vision of Britain through Time|accessdate=14 October 2025}}</ref>
Restormel was abolished in 2009. Cornwall County Council then took on district-level functions, making it a unitary authority, and was renamed Cornwall Council.<ref>{{cite legislation UK|type=si|si=The Cornwall (Structural Change) Order 2008|year=2008|number=491|access-date=19 February 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite legislation UK|type=si|si=The Local Government (Structural Changes) (Miscellaneous Amendments and Other Provision) Order 2009|year=2009|number=837|article=3}}</ref>
==Economy== There are a number of local businesses including Grampound Village Store,<ref>{{cite web |title=Grampound Village Store |url=https://www.grampoundvillagestore.co.uk/ |website=grampoundvillagestore.co.uk |access-date=26 December 2024}}</ref> Tremethick Brewery, Tristan Hay Pine and Period furniture, Gould Cider and Perry and The Dolphin Inn.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.grampound.org.uk/|title=Grampound with Creed – Our community in Cornwall|website=Grampound.org.uk|access-date=7 September 2018}}</ref>
Many people commute to work in the nearby centres of St Austell and Truro. There are a number of businesses run from home.
The tannery industry was important in the past in Grampound. The principal leather tannery, which closed in 2002, was owned by the Croggon family.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.grampound.org.uk/visitor/leaflet1.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=3 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131005013527/http://www.grampound.org.uk/visitor/leaflet1.pdf |archive-date=5 October 2013 |url-status=dead |df=dmy-all }}</ref> It consists of several large buildings and surrounding fields on the southern side of the village. This area is being developed into 55 new homes and office space.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.lindenhomes.co.uk/developments/cornwall/the-tannery-grampound|title=The Tannery - New Homes For Sale in Grampound : Linden Homes|website=Lindenhomes.co.uk|access-date=7 September 2018|archive-date=8 September 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180908054253/https://www.lindenhomes.co.uk/developments/cornwall/the-tannery-grampound|url-status=dead}}</ref>
==Culture and community== There is an annual carnival on the first Saturday in September which includes a procession along Fore Street (A390) which is closed temporarily. Markets are held in Grampound Hall twice a month on a Saturday. One of these markets is run by Transition Grampound and the other by the village hall committee.
The new village hall was opened in 2004 with National Lottery funding. This hall is also an arts venue and regularly hosts performances of drama, dance, and music. Notable past performances include the Norwegian percussionist Terje Isungset performing ice music in 2012.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://thewire.co.uk/news/19285/terje-isungset_s-ice-music-on-tour|title=Terje Isungset's Ice Music on tour |website=Thewire.co.uk|access-date=7 September 2018}}</ref> A local amateur dramatic group, The Grampound Players, has also performed in recent years.
The recreation ground is managed by a charity (Grampound with Creed War Memorial Recreation Ground and Public Hall<ref>{{cite web|url=http://apps.charitycommission.gov.uk/Showcharity/RegisterOfCharities/CharityWithoutPartB.aspx?RegisteredCharityNumber=300547&SubsidiaryNumber=0|title=Charity overview|website=Apps.charitycommission.gov.uk|access-date=7 September 2018}}</ref>) in Grampound as a public space. It is host to the carnival each year and also to Grampound Football Club who won support from Sport England's Protecting Playing Fields Olympic legacy for it to be resurfaced.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.thisiscornwall.co.uk/Footballers-celebrate-pound-50k-grant-pitch/story-17175495-detail/story.html |title=Footballers celebrate a £50k grant for pitch | This is Cornwall |archive-url=https://archive.today/20131001150907/http://www.thisiscornwall.co.uk/Footballers-celebrate-pound-50k-grant-pitch/story-17175495-detail/story.html |archive-date=1 October 2013 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
Grampound Town Hall contains a small museum, the Grampound with Creed Heritage Centre, and hosts a photograph archive online.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://photos.grampound.org.uk/ |title=photograph archive|access-date=2 September 2023}}</ref> A plaque was installed in the town hall to recognise Grampound being named Calor Village of the Year for West England 2007/8.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/cornwall/content/articles/2008/06/19/places_grampoundaward_feature.shtml|title=Village Success|website=Bbc.co.uk|access-date=7 September 2018}}</ref>
Other landmarks in Grampound include the market cross.<ref>{{NHLE|desc=Market Cross|num= 1136383|access-date=7 September 2018}}</ref>
==Education== Grampound with Creed Primary School is part of The Rainbow Multi Academy Trust.<ref>{{cite web |title=The Rainbow Multi Academy Trust |url=https://www.rainbowacademy.org.uk/ |website=rainbowacademy.org |access-date=26 December 2024}}</ref> It has between 40 and 60 pupils. The primary school has recently been extended.
==Religious sites== thumb|upright|St Nun's Church The Church of St Nun is the main religious site in Grampound.<ref>{{NHLE|num=1144041|desc=Church of St Nun with Attached Wall, Railings and Gateway to South|access-date=7 September 2018}}</ref> There is the nearby, older church of St Crida in Creed and they are both managed by the same parochial church council and part of the churches led by the Rector at Probus, Ladock, Grampound with Creed and St.Erme Parishes.
There were a number of chapels in Grampound which have since been converted into dwellings.
==Sport== Grampound is home to Grampound Football Club and Grampound Bowling Club both of whom have facilities at the recreation ground.
===Cornish wrestling=== Cornish wrestling tournaments, for prizes, have been held in Grampound in the 1800s<ref name="M Tripp Thesis">Tripp, Michael: ''PERSISTENCE OF DIFFERENCE: A HISTORY OF CORNISH WRESTLING'', University of Exeter as a thesis for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy 2009, Vol I p2-217.</ref> and 1900s,<ref name="WBCA03081972">West Briton and Cornwall Advertiser, 3 August 1972.</ref> including at the Football Club.<ref name="WBCA03081972"/>
==Notable people== One of Grampound's most famous residents was John Hampden, (1595–1643)<ref>{{cite DNB|wstitle= Hampden, John (1594-1643) |volume= 24 |last= Firth |first= Charles |author-link= Charles Firth (historian)| pages= 254-262 |short=1}}</ref>, a politician representing Grampound in 1621 who later, in 1642, was one of the Five Members whose attempted unconstitutional arrest by King Charles I in the House of Commons of England in 1642 sparked the Civil War. Other parliamentarians include William Noy, (1577–1634) <ref>{{cite DNB|wstitle= Noye, William |volume= 41 |last=Rigg |first= J.M. |author-link=| pages= 253-255 |short=1}}</ref>, a noted British jurist and MP for Grampound 1603–1614,<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.cornwall.gov.uk/default.aspx?page=8992 |title=Timeline of Cornish History 1066-1700 AD |access-date=1 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090827185811/http://www.cornwall.gov.uk/default.aspx?page=8992 |archive-date=27 August 2009 |url-status=dead |df=dmy-all }}</ref> and Charles Wolfran Cornwall (1735–1789)<ref>{{cite DNB|wstitle= Cornwall, Charles Wolfran |volume= 12 |last= Hunt |first= William |author-link=| pages= 232-233 |short=1}}</ref>, MP for Grampound 1768–1774, and Grey Cooper<ref>{{cite DNB|wstitle= Cooper, Grey |volume= 12 |last= Courtney |first= William Prideaux |author-link= William Prideaux Courtney| pages= 144-145 |short=1}}</ref> (c.1726–1801), MP for Grampound 1768–1774 and Benjamin Hobhouse (1757–1831) , MP for Grampound, 1802-1806.<ref>{{cite DNB|wstitle= Hobhouse, Benjamin |volume= 27|last= Watt |first= Francis |author-link=| page= 46 |short=1}}</ref>
John Crewes (1847–1925), a New Zealand Bible Christian minister and the Scottish sculptor Pilkington Jackson (1887–1973), were born here.
==See also== {{Portal|Cornwall}} * Grampound (UK Parliament constituency) (1553–1821) * Tybesta
==References== {{Reflist}}
==External links== {{Wikisource1911Enc|Grampound}} * [http://www.grampound.org.uk/ Grampound with Creed Parish Council] * [http://photos.grampound.org.uk/ Photo Archive of Grampound Heritage Project]
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Category:Villages in Cornwall Category:Former civil parishes in Cornwall