{{Short description|American architect (1940–2025)}} {{Use mdy dates|date=September 2025}} {{Infobox person | name = Graham Gund | image = | alt = | caption = | birth_name = Graham de Conde Gund | birth_date = {{birth date|1940|10|28}} | birth_place = Cleveland, Ohio, U.S. | death_date = {{death date and age|2025|6|6|1940|10|28}} | death_place = Cambridge, Massachusetts, U.S. | education = Kenyon College (BA)<br />Rhode Island School of Design<br />Harvard University (M.Arch, M.Des) | known_for = {{Hlist|Architecture|philanthropy}} | spouse = {{Marriage|Ann Gund|1984}}<ref name="nyt wed">{{cite web |title=Ann Swain Landreth, Executive, Wed |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1984/02/05/style/ann-swain-landreth-executive-wed.html |website=The New York Times |date=February 5, 1984}}</ref> | parents = George Gund II<br>Jessica Laidlaw Gund | family = Agnes, Gordon, George III (siblings) }} [[File:75 State Street.jpg|thumb|right|200px|75 State Street, Boston, designed by the Gund Partnership with SOM]]
'''Graham de Conde Gund''' (October 28, 1940 – June 6, 2025) was an American architect and the president of the Gund Partnership, an American architecture firm based in Cambridge, Massachusetts, and founded by Gund in 1971. An heir to George Gund II, he was also a collector of contemporary art, whose collection was widely exhibited<ref>{{cite news |last1=Baker |first1=Kenneth |title=Art: A private collection goes public |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_boston-phoenix_1982-03-02_11_9/page/n61/mode/1up |access-date=August 4, 2024 |work=The Boston Phoenix |date=March 2, 1982}}</ref> and published.
A native of Cleveland, Ohio,<ref>{{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uvpPAAAAMAAJ&q=Graham+Gund+1940 | title=Graham Gund Architects | isbn=9781558350939 | last1=(Firm) | first1=Graham Gund Architects | year=1993 | publisher=American institute of ArchitectsPress }}</ref> born on October 28, 1940,<ref>{{Cite web |date=June 12, 2025 |title=Kenyon Remembers Graham Gund ’63 H’81 |url=https://www.kenyon.edu/news/archive/kenyon-remembers-graham-gund-63-h-81/ |access-date=June 13, 2025 |website=Kenyon College}}</ref> Gund was educated at Westminster School (Connecticut), Kenyon College, and the Rhode Island School of Design. Gund graduated from the Harvard University Graduate School of Design, with a Master of Architecture degree in 1968 and a Master of Urban Design degree in 1969. Graham Gund was one of six children of George Gund II, the onetime chairman of the Cleveland Trust Company, philanthropist and namesake for the Graduate School of Design's George Gund Hall, completed in 1971. His siblings are George III b. 1937; Agnes b. 1938; Gordon b. 1939; Geoffrey b.1942; and Louise b. 1944.<ref name="washpo1">{{cite news|last=Forgey|first=Benjamin|title=Graham Gund's Brave New Buildings; The Lansburgh's Architect and His Adventurous & Colorful Designs|newspaper=Washington Post|date=January 9, 1988}}</ref><ref name="gundfound1">{{cite web|title=Biography of George Gund|url=http://gundfoundation.org/about-the-foundation/biography-of-george-gund/|publisher=The George Gund Foundation|accessdate=November 14, 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190515103816/http://gundfoundation.org/about-the-foundation/biography-of-george-gund/|archive-date=May 15, 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref>
After graduation, Gund worked at The Architects' Collaborative in Cambridge, Massachusetts.<ref name="gundpart">{{cite book|title=The Gund Partnership|year=2008 |publisher=Images Publishing Group|isbn=978-1-86470-273-6|editor=Mahar, Christa|page=268}}</ref> Gund himself undertook property development for a number of his firm's projects. He was also a noted collector of art.<ref name="nyt3">{{cite news|last=Vogel|first=Carol|title=A Corporate Sale With Personality |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2002/10/11/arts/inside-art.html?scp=11&sq=%22graham%20gund%22&st=cse|accessdate=November 16, 2010|newspaper=New York Times|date=October 11, 2002}}</ref><ref name="nyt4">{{cite news|last=Vogel|first=Carol|title=Prices Below Estimates At Christie's Art Sale|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2002/10/11/arts/inside-art.html?scp=11&sq=%22graham%20gund%22&st=cse|accessdate=November 16, 2010|newspaper=New York Times|date=November 19, 1992}}</ref> Gund funded the Gund Gallery at the Museum of Fine Arts in Boston.<ref name="bosglo1">{{cite news|last=Koch|first=John|title=Graham Gund|newspaper=Boston Globe|date=July 21, 1996}}</ref><ref name="bosglo2">{{cite news|last=Dezell|first=Maureen|title=Gund family gives record $3m to MFA|newspaper=Boston Globe|date=January 5, 1995}}</ref> Gund was also the driving force behind the founding of the Gund Gallery at Kenyon College. He designed the museum's building, a LEED Silver-certified project that garnered multiple architectural awards.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.gundpartnership.com/featured-Gund-Gallery-Kenyon-College|title=Gund Gallery, Kenyon College {{!}} GUND Partnership {{!}} Architecture and Planning|website=www.gundpartnership.com|access-date=August 4, 2016}}</ref> With his wife Ann, he gave a substantial gift of over 80 modern and contemporary artworks to start the museum's permanent collection.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.kenyon.edu/middle-path/story/art-on-the-rise/|title=Art on the Rise · Along Middle Path|website=www.kenyon.edu|access-date=August 4, 2016|archive-date=August 13, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160813192829/http://www.kenyon.edu/middle-path/story/art-on-the-rise/|url-status=dead}}</ref>
==Architecture== After working with modern architect Walter Gropius at the Architects' Collaborative, Gund began his career with significant projects that drew from a modernist vocabulary. The Hyatt Regency Cambridge, with its stepped massing, recalled legendary projects by architects Adolf Loos and Henri Sauvage, while utilizing red brick characteristic of Cambridge's collegiate river-side architecture. For Boston's Institute for Contemporary Art, Gund created an unexpected, open, angular interior that played against the rigid geometry of a historic Richardsonian Romanesque building.
The firm became well known during the 1980s for extending this creative take on architecture through significant national projects, some of which were prominent adaptive uses while others were new buildings. Additional museums and education buildings represented the continued expansion of Gund's practice in these years. Among the adaptive uses was the Norwalk Maritime Center in Connecticut, a museum and aquarium project housed in a salvaged iron works complex, with a new IMAX theater. New institutional buildings included major structures for Plimoth Plantation in Plymouth, Massachusetts, and for the Fernbank Museum of Natural History in Atlanta.
At this time, Gund played a role as both architect and developer to reclaim threatened or damaged historic buildings, as in the Church Court Condominiums in Boston and Bulfinch Square in Cambridge. Such activity even led to his being described by Vincent Scully as a "convinced preservationist," comparing Gund to Charles Bulfinch.<ref name="umass1">{{cite book|last=Shand-Tucci|first=Douglasss|title=Built in Boston: city and suburb, 1800-2000|year=1999 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/builtinbostoncit00shan_0/page/337 337–339]|publisher=University of Massachusetts Press|isbn=978-1-55849-201-1|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/builtinbostoncit00shan_0/page/337}}</ref>
Among Gund's early work was the Rockefeller residence in Cambridge (1973), the Hyatt Regency Cambridge (1976) and the former Institute for Contemporary Art, now the Boston Architectural College (1976). Much of Gund's work in this period involved renovations or residential adaptive reuse projects in the Boston area.<ref name="Gund Partnership, p. 280">''Gund Partnership'', p. 280</ref> Other projects included the Johnston Guardhouse at Harvard Yard<ref name="crimson1">{{cite news|last=Chapman|first=Synne D.|title=If These Halls Could Talk|url=http://www.thecrimson.com/article/2009/2/18/if-these-halls-could-talk-you/|accessdate=November 16, 2010|newspaper=Harvard Crimson|date=February 18, 2009}}</ref> (1983), adaptive reuse of an ironworks building for the Maritime Aquarium at Norwalk (1988), and the Art Deco Revival 31-story 75 State Street (also known as the Fleet Bank Center), Boston (1989), in association with Skidmore, Owings and Merrill.<ref name="Gund Partnership, p. 280"/><ref name="nyt2">{{cite news|last=Goldberger|first=Paul|title=Proof That All That Glitters Is Not Vulgar|url=https://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=FA0713F63A5F0C708DDDA10894D1484D81&scp=8&sq=%22graham%20gund%22&st=cse|accessdate=November 16, 2010|newspaper=New York Times|date=August 13, 1989}}</ref><ref name="enc20th1">{{cite book|last=Carso|first=Kerry Dean|title=Encyclopedia of Twentieth Century Architecture|year=2004|publisher=Taylor & Francis|editor=Sennott, R. Stephen|page=160|chapter=Boston, Massachusetts}}</ref> In the 1990s, Gund's work expanded to include considerable work with Disney Company in Florida and Paris. Gund was featured on ''This Old House'' in 1992 as the architect for the television show's Igoe Residence project.<ref name="toh1">{{cite web|last=Irving|first=Bruce|title=Ranch Reincarnated|date=January 30, 2002 |url=http://www.thisoldhouse.com/toh/tv/house-project/overview/0,,198441,00.html|accessdate=November 16, 2010}}</ref> By the 2000s, Gund's work was primarily focused on school and university projects.
==Recent work== thumb|right|200px|National Association of Realtors Headquarters, Washington, D.C. Recent notable buildings designed by the firm include the headquarters for the National Association of Realtors in Washington, D.C.,<ref>''Gund Partnership'', p. 206</ref> occupying a prominent location on New Jersey Avenue, the conservatory for the Cleveland Botanical Garden, the Lansburgh Theater for the Folger Shakespeare Library in Washington, DC,<ref name="AIADC1">{{cite book|last=Moeller|first=G. Martin|title=AIA Guide to the Architecture of Washington|year=2006 |publisher=Johns Hopkins University Press|isbn=0-8018-8468-3|page=[https://archive.org/details/aiaguidetoarchit0000moel/page/109 109]|url=https://archive.org/details/aiaguidetoarchit0000moel/page/109}}</ref> The Fannie Cox Math and Science Center for Friends' Central School in Wynnewood, PA,<ref>''Gund Partnership'', p. 54</ref> the synagogue building for Young Israel of Brookline, Massachusetts, the Kenyon Athletic Center, and buildings on many American college campuses, including those of Harvard University, Denison University, and Kenyon College.<ref name="goldberger1">{{cite book|last=Goldberger|first=Paul|title=Gund Partnership|year=2008|publisher=Images Publishing Group|isbn=978-1-86470-273-6|editor=Mahar, Christa|chapter=Graham Gund: The Architecture of Civitas and Joy}}</ref><ref name="nyt5">{{cite news|last=Kinzer|first=Stephen|title=An Old Gothic Campus Is Purging Its Architecture of 1960s Functionalism|url=https://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F3071FF93A550C758CDDAE0894DA404482&scp=14&sq=%22graham%20gund%22&st=cse|accessdate=November 16, 2010|newspaper=New York Times|date=July 6, 2002}}</ref> Gund also designed the Boston Ballet Headquarters on Clarendon Street in Boston, Massachusetts.<ref name="nyt6">{{cite news|title=Ballet in Boston Unveils Plan for a Larger Home|url=https://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=FB0717FB3C5F0C738DDDAD0894D0484D81&scp=20&sq=%22graham%20gund%22&st=cse|newspaper=New York Times|date=April 10, 1988}}</ref>
Gund died after a heart attack in Cambridge, Massachusetts, on June 6, 2025, at the age of 84.<ref>{{cite web|title=Graham Gund, Playful Architect Who Mixed Past and Present, Dies at 84|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/13/arts/design/graham-gund-dead.html|date=June 13, 2025|last=Risen|first=Clay|publisher=The New York Times|access-date=June 13, 2025}}</ref><ref>{{Citation |title=Rogers, Malcolm Austin, (born 3 Oct. 1948), Ann and Graham Gund Director, Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, Mass, 1994–2015, now Emeritus |date=December 1, 2007 |work=Who's Who |url=https://doi.org/10.1093/ww/9780199540884.013.u33032 |access-date=June 13, 2025 |publisher=Oxford University Press}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.kenyon.edu/news/archive/tributes-to-graham-gund/ |title=Remembering Graham Gund |website=Kenyon.edu |access-date=June 13, 2025}}</ref>
==Work for Disney== Gund designed a number of projects in the Disney Company's planned community of Celebration, Florida, noted for a high concentration of work by major architectural firms invited by Disney.<ref name="wdwuk1">{{cite web|title=Walt Disney World Resort: A World-Class Architectural Mecca|url=http://www.wdisneyw.co.uk/archi.html|publisher=Disney World - The Online Guide|accessdate=November 16, 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100130205929/http://www.wdisneyw.co.uk/archi.html|archive-date=January 30, 2010|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="nyt8">{{cite news|last=Goldberger|first=Paul|title=After Opulence, A New 'Lite" Architecture|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1990/05/20/arts/architecture-view-after-opulence-a-new-lite-architecture.html?pagewanted=6|accessdate=November 16, 2010|newspaper=New York Times|date=May 20, 1990}}</ref> * Coronado Springs Resort, Walt Disney World, Florida (design architect)<ref name="disdream1">{{cite web|title=Coronado Springs Resort|url=http://wdw.disneydreams.net:8080/CoronadoSprings.aspx|publisher=Disney Dreams|accessdate=November 16, 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110723094858/http://wdw.disneydreams.net:8080/CoronadoSprings.aspx|archive-date=July 23, 2011|url-status=dead}}</ref> * Celebration Hotel and Celebration High School<ref name="AIAOrlando1">{{cite web|title=Architectural Tour of Orlando|url=http://www.aiaorlando.com/architecturaltour/|publisher=AIA Orlando|accessdate=November 16, 2010|archive-date=November 9, 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101109113116/http://www.aiaorlando.com/architecturaltour/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>''Gund Partnership'', pp. 78, 166-172</ref>
Other work by Gund for Disney includes the International Retail and Manufacturers' Showcase at Euro Disney.<ref>''Gund Partnership'', p. 196</ref>
thumb|right|200px|Eleanor Armstrong Smith Glasshouse, Cleveland Botanical Gardens
==Publications== Gund's work was widely published throughout his career, with articles by major critics in national publications. The firm's architecture has been the subject of two books: ''Gund Partnership 1994-2007'', with an extensive foreword by ''New York Times'' architecture critic Paul Goldberger,<ref name="goldberger1"/> and ''Graham Gund Architects'', published in 1993, with an introduction by Vincent Scully.<ref name="rapaport1">{{cite book|last=Rapaport|first=Richard|title=Graham Gund Architects|year=1993|publisher=American Institute of Architects Press|isbn=978-1-55835-093-9|author2=Scully, Vincent}}</ref>
He was married to Ann Gund née Landreth,<ref name="nytlandreth">{{cite news|title=Anne Swain Landreth, Executive, Wed|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1984/02/05/style/ann-swain-landreth-executive-wed.html?scp=3&sq=%22graham%20gund%22&st=cse|accessdate=November 16, 2010|newspaper=New York Times|date=February 5, 1984}}</ref> with whom he had one son, Graydon. He was a Fellow of the American Institute of Architects.<ref>''Gund Partnership'', p. 268</ref>
==Additional projects== * Church Court Condominiums, Boston (1983) - re-modelled Mt. Vernon Church, corner Beacon St. + Massachusetts Ave.,<ref>Nancy Carlson Schrock. Images of New England: Documenting the Built Environment. American Archivist, Vol. 50, No. 4 (Fall, 1987)</ref> developed by Gund<ref name="tyler1">{{cite book|last=Tyler|first=Norman|title=Historic Preservation: An Introduction to its History, Principals and Practice|year=2009|publisher=W.W. Norton|isbn=9780393732733|author2=Ligibel, Ted |author3=Tyler, Ilene R. |page=109}}</ref> * Bostix Kiosk, Copley Square, Boston (1992) * Kenyon Athletic Center, Ohio (built 2006) * Newton North High School, Massachusetts (built 2010) *Armour Academic Center, Westminster School *Armstrong Dining Hall, Westminster School
The firm is also known for historic redevelopment projects including Bulfinch Square in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Major museum projects include the Plimoth Plantation Visitor Center in Plymouth, Massachusetts, and the Fernbank Museum of Natural History in Atlanta, Georgia.
==References== {{reflist|2}}
==Bibliography== * ''Gund Partnership 1994-2007'', Mahar, Christa, ed., Mulgrave, Australia.: Images Publishing Group, 2008. {{ISBN|978-1-86470-273-6}}, introduction by Paul Goldberger * Rapaport, Richard. ''Graham Gund Architects'': American Institute of Architects Press, 1993. {{ISBN|978-1-55835-093-9}}, introduction by Vincent Scully
==External links== {{commons category|Graham Gund}} * [http://www.gundpartnership.com Gund Partnership]
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Gund, Graham}} Category:1940 births Category:2025 deaths Category:Rhode Island School of Design alumni Category:Kenyon College alumni Category:Architects from Cambridge, Massachusetts Category:Westminster School (Connecticut) alumni Category:Harvard Graduate School of Design alumni Category:20th-century American architects Category:21st-century American architects Category:Architects from Cleveland Graham