Geneva Graduate Institute

{{Short description|Research university in Switzerland}} {{Distinguish|Geneva School of Diplomacy and International Relations}} {{pp-pc|small=yes}} {{Use dmy dates|date=February 2014}} {{Use British English|date=February 2014}} {{Infobox university | name = Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies | native_name = Institut de hautes études internationales et du développement | native_name_lang = fr | image = At Geneva 2024 111.jpg | image_size = 300px | established = {{start date and age|1927}}<ref name="Who are we">{{cite web |url=http://graduateinstitute.ch/files/live/sites/iheid/files/users/admin/public/central_dep/IHEID_mission_statement_EN.pdf |title=Mission Statement |publisher=Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies |access-date=27 October 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130826073350/http://graduateinstitute.ch/files/live/sites/iheid/files/users/admin/public/central_dep/IHEID_mission_statement_EN.pdf |archive-date=26 August 2013}}</ref> | founder = William Rappard and Paul Mantoux | parent = University of Geneva (1927{{endash}}2009) | type = Semi-private, semi-public graduate school<ref>{{Cite web |title=Our governance {{!}} IHEID |url=https://www.graduateinstitute.ch/discover-institute/our-community/our-governance |access-date=2024-11-19 |website=www.graduateinstitute.ch}}</ref> University institute<ref>{{Cite web |title=Institutional accreditation: Institut de hautes études internationales et du développement (IHEID) – aaq |url=https://aaq.ch/en/institutional-accreditation-institut-de-hautes-etudes-internationales-et-du-developpement-iheid/ |access-date=2025-02-28 |language=en-US}}</ref> | director = Marie-Laure Salles | president = Katja Gentinetta (de) | faculty = 153<ref name="Who We Are">{{cite web |url=https://www.graduateinstitute.ch/index.php/discover-institute/who-we-are|title=Who We Are|website=Geneva Graduate Institute}}</ref> | postgrad = 1,092 (86% international)<ref name="auto">{{Cite web |title=The Geneva Graduate Institute's 2023 Annual Report {{!}} IHEID |url=https://www.graduateinstitute.ch/communications/news/geneva-graduate-institute-2023-annual-report |access-date=2024-07-10 |website=www.graduateinstitute.ch}}</ref> | doctoral = 343 | budget = CHF 111 million (2023)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Annual report 2023 |url=https://www.graduateinstitute.ch/sites/internet/files/2024-06/ra2023_iheid_web-2.pdf |website=Geneva Graduate Institute}}</ref> | city = Geneva | country = Switzerland | coordinates = {{coord|46|13|15.8|N|6|8|37.3|E|display=inline, title}} | campus = Urban | caption = Maison de la paix | former_names = Graduate Institute of International Studies (1927{{endash}}2007) | colours = Red Gray White | affiliations = {{hlist|APSIA|Europaeum|EUA|ECUR|EADI|AUF|SUC}} | nickname = Geneva Graduate Institute IHEID | logo = Geneva Graduate Institute logo.svg | website = {{URL|http://www.graduateinstitute.ch/}} | free_label = Working languages | free = English French }}

The '''Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies''' ({{langx|fr|Institut de hautes études internationales et du développement}}, abbreviated '''IHEID'''), commonly referred to as the '''Geneva Graduate Institute''', is a graduate-level research university in Geneva, Switzerland dedicated to international relations, development studies, and global governance.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Vision, Mission and Principles {{!}} IHEID |url=https://www.graduateinstitute.ch/charte |access-date=2025-03-02 |website=www.graduateinstitute.ch}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.geneve-int.ch/graduate-institute-international-and-development-studies-iheid-0 | title=Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies - IHEID | Genève internationale }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web | url=https://www.greenpolicyplatform.org/organization/graduate-institute-international-and-development-studies-iheid | title=Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies (IHEID) | website=www.greenpolicyplatform.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Accredited Swiss Higher Education Institutions - swissuniversities |url=https://www.swissuniversities.ch/en/topics/studying/accredited-swiss-higher-education-institutions-1 |access-date=2024-11-18 |website=www.swissuniversities.ch}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Our governance {{!}} IHEID |url=https://www.graduateinstitute.ch/discover-institute/our-community/our-governance |access-date=2024-02-02 |website=www.graduateinstitute.ch}}</ref>

Founded in 1927 by two senior League of Nations officials,<ref name="Peter" /> the Geneva Graduate Institute was the world's first graduate school dedicated solely to the study of international affairs.<ref>{{cite book |author=Mohammad Younus Fahim |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Q-wcAgAAQBAJ&q=international+relations+graduate+institute+history+oldest&pg=PA117 |title=Diplomacy, The Only Legitimate Way of Conducting International Relations |publisher=Lulu.com |isbn=9781446697061 |access-date=14 May 2018}}</ref><ref name="auto1">{{Cite thesis |last=Rietzler |first=Katharina Elisabeth |title=American foundations and the 'scientific study' of international relations in Europe, 1910-1940 |date=October 2009 |degree=Doctoral |publisher=UCL (University College London) |url=https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/18726/}}</ref> With Maison de la Paix acting as its primary campus, the Institute is located blocks from the United Nations Office at Geneva, International Labour Organization, World Trade Organization, World Health Organization, International Committee of the Red Cross, World Intellectual Property Organization and many other international organisations.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2014-09-30 |title=The Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies – Geneva |url=http://www.topuniversities.com/universities/graduate-institute-international-development-studies-geneva/postgrad |access-date=2016-08-30}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Dufour |first=Nicolas |date=26 September 2013 |title=La Maison de la paix, "une effervescence pour Genève" |url=http://www.letemps.ch/Page/Uuid/d36202b4-25fe-11e3-ad2a-8501617392fc/La_Maison_de_la_paix_une_effervescence_pour_Gen%C3%A8ve#.UmFAr5QpZMU |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150709135404/http://www.letemps.ch/Page/Uuid/d36202b4-25fe-11e3-ad2a-8501617392fc/La_Maison_de_la_paix_une_effervescence_pour_Gen%C3%A8ve#.UmFAr5QpZMU |archive-date=9 July 2015 |access-date=19 October 2013 |newspaper=Le Temps}}</ref>

Today, the institute enrolls around a thousand graduate students from over 100 countries, including nearly 90% of whom are foreign-born. It is officially a bilingual English-French institution, although most classes are in English.<ref name="Teaching">{{cite web |url=https://graduateinstitute.ch/sites/default/files/2019-06/RA2018.pdf |title=2018 Rapport d'activité (2018 Activity Report) |publisher=Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies |access-date=25 June 2019}}</ref> A member of the Association of Professional Schools of International Affairs,<ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-03-11 |title=Members of the Association of Professional Schools of International Affairs |url=https://apsia.org/graduate-schools-programs/member-directory/ |access-date=2023-11-30 |website=Association of Professional Schools of International Affairs (APSIA) |language=en-US}}</ref> it runs joint degree programmes with Smith College, Yale University and McGill University, and is Harvard Kennedy School's only partner institution to co-deliver double degrees.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Dual Degree |url=https://www.hks.harvard.edu/educational-programs/masters-programs/joint-concurrent-degrees/dual-degree |access-date=2023-11-30 |website=www.hks.harvard.edu |language=en}}</ref>

The Institute maintains strong links with the League of Nations's successor, the United Nations, where many alumni have gone on to work,<ref>{{Cite web |title=United Nations Office at Geneva and The Graduate Institute's Global Governance Centre Resume International Geneva Luncheons {{!}} IHEID |url=https://www.graduateinstitute.ch/communications/news/united-nations-office-geneva-and-graduate-institutes-global-governance-centre |access-date=2023-08-09 |website=www.graduateinstitute.ch}}</ref> including one secretary-general, seven assistant secretaries-general, and three under-secretaries-general. Alumni have also served as director-general of the International Atomic Energy Agency, International Labour Organization, World Intellectual Property Organization, General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade, and as commissioner-general of the United Nations Relief and Works Agency and High Commissioner for Human Rights.<ref>{{cite web |title=Academic Departments |url=http://graduateinstitute.ch/home/study/academicdepartments.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140330230538/http://graduateinstitute.ch/home/study/academicdepartments.html |archive-date=30 March 2014 |access-date=21 October 2013 |website=graduateinstitute.ch}}</ref>

== History == === Early years === [[File:UniBastions-rez-buste-Rappard-1.jpg|thumb|209x209px|William Rappard|left]] [[File:Professor Paul Joseph Mantoux (1877–1956).jpg|left|thumb|180x180px|Paul Mantoux]] The Graduate Institute of International Studies (French: ''Institut universitaire de hautes études internationales'', HEI) was co-founded in 1927 by two scholar-diplomats working for the League of Nations Geneva secretariat: the Swiss-American William Rappard, director of the Mandates Section, and the Frenchman Paul Mantoux, director of the Political Section.<ref name="Peter">{{cite book |last=Peter |first=Ania |title=The League of Nations in Retrospect: Proceedings of the Symposium |publisher=Walter de Gruyter |date=1983 |pages=221–222 |chapter=William E. Rappard and the League of Nations: A Swiss contribution to international organization |isbn=3-11-008733-2}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Van Dongen |first1=Luc |title=Former des élites non communistes pour le tiers-monde : l'Institut universitaire de hautes études internationales (IUHEI), les États-Unis et la Guerre froide |journal=Relations Internationales |date=2015 |volume=3 |issue=163 |pages=15–28 |url=https://www.cairn.info/revue-relations-internationales-2015-3-page-15.htm |access-date=9 February 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/american-political-science-review/article/abs/world-crisis-by-professors-of-the-graduate-institute-of-international-studies-new-york-and-london-longmans-green-and-company-1938-pp-xii-385-10s6d/D2AAA9F63317E16BB6CB661D7515E8BB |doi=10.2307/1948236 |jstor=1948236 |title=The World Crisis. By Professors of the Graduate Institute of International Studies. (New York and London: Longmans, Green and Company. 1938. Pp. Xii, 385. 10s.6d.) |journal=American Political Science Review |date=October 1938 |volume=32 |issue=5 |pages=982–984 |last1=Berdahl |first1=Clarence A. |s2cid=147145334 |url-access=subscription }}</ref> Rappard, then rector of the University of Geneva,<ref>{{Cite web |date=2013-08-28 |title=Recteurs et doyens dès 1559 - Archives administratives et patrimoniales (AAP) - UNIGE |url=https://www.unige.ch/archives/aap/historique/recteurs-et-doyens-des-1559?utm_source=chatgpt.com |access-date=2025-02-24 |website=www.unige.ch |language=fr}}</ref>{{AI-retrieved source|date=March 2026|checked=no}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=Rappard, William Emmanuel |url=https://hls-dhs-dss.ch/fr/articles/006538/2012-06-22/?utm_source=chatgpt.com |access-date=2025-02-24 |website=hls-dhs-dss.ch |language=fr}}</ref>{{AI-retrieved source|date=March 2026|checked=no}} conceived the Graduate Institute as a way to draw on the deep pool of expertise in Geneva and to cement transatlantic ties. With the notion that it might be named the "Wilson Institute", after U.S. President Woodrow Wilson, Rappard saw it as a school for future American diplomats.<ref name="Slobodian 2018 74">{{Cite book |last=Slobodian |first=Quinn |title=Globalists |publisher=Harvard University Press |year=2018 |location=Cambridge, USA |pages=74}}</ref> The Institute was affiliated to the University of Geneva, though independent in its program of studies and personnel.<ref name="Potter 1968 740–742">{{Cite journal |last=Potter |first=Pitman B. |date=1968 |title=The Graduate Institute of International Studies, Geneva |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/2197291 |journal=The American Journal of International Law |volume=62 |issue=3 |pages=740–742 |doi=10.1017/S0002930000103628 |issn=0002-9300 |jstor=2197291|url-access=subscription }}</ref>

Initial funding was provided by the U.S.-based Laura Spelman Rockefeller Memorial Fund, which for its part conceived the Institute as playing the role of an "international economic observation post".<ref name="Slobodian 2018 74" /> The Swiss government and Canton of Geneva provided matching contributions.<ref>{{cite web |title=Chapter 13: The Maison de la Paix, or the Art of Rounding the Angles |url=https://www.geneve-int.ch/chapter-13-maison-de-la-paix-or-art-rounding-angles |website=République et canton de Genève}}</ref> Funding from American philanthropic organizations, primarily the Rockefeller Foundation as part of its initiative to promote a scientific approach to international relations, continued until 1954.<ref name="auto1"/><ref>{{Citation |last=Fleury |first=Antoine |title=Atlantique mais indépendante, Relations internationales, une revue franco-suisse de la guerre froide |date=2020 |work=Histoire et relations internationales |pages=131–142 |editor-last=Badel |editor-first=Laurence |url=https://books.openedition.org/psorbonne/86014 |access-date=2024-10-18 |place=Paris |publisher=Éditions de la Sorbonne |language=fr |isbn=979-10-351-0702-4}}</ref>thumb|220x220px|The Villa Barton campus on the shores of Lake GenevaAt the time, the Geneva Graduate Institute was "among the most important centres of scholarship" in international relations<ref name="Genesis of a Discipline">{{Citation |title=Genesis of a Discipline |date=2022 |work=The Architects of International Relations: Building a Discipline, Designing the World, 1914-1940 |pages=72–118 |editor-last=Stöckmann |editor-first=Jan |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/abs/architects-of-international-relations/genesis-of-a-discipline/8F41D786C6C60840A92656894144D788 |access-date=2024-10-28 |place=Cambridge |publisher=Cambridge University Press |doi=10.1017/9781009053341.003 |isbn=978-1-316-51161-9|url-access=subscription }}</ref> alongside other schools, mostly located in Europe, including the Institute of Higher International Studies in Paris, the Deutsche Hochschule für Politik in Berlin, the Diplomatic Academy of Vienna, and the Walsh School of Foreign Service in the United States.<ref name="Genesis of a Discipline" /> In the 1920s, London School of Economics (LSE) director William Beveridge wrote that he regarded the Geneva Graduate Institute as a competing centre for the emerging study of international relations, arguing that LSE offered a superior setting for prolonged academic work in the field.<ref>{{Cite web |first=Alison |last=Carter |date=2017-04-26 |title=Foundation and History of the International Relations Department - LSE Department of International Relations |url=https://blogs.lse.ac.uk/internationalrelations/2017/04/26/foundation-and-history-of-the-international-relations-department/ |access-date=2025-10-29 |website=LSE Department of International Relations}}</ref>

The Geneva Graduate Institute's original mandate was based on a close working relationship with both the League of Nations and the International Labour Organization. It was agreed that in exchange for training staff and delegates, the Institute would receive intellectual resources and diplomatic expertise (guest lecturers, etc.) from the aforementioned organisations. According to its statutes, the Geneva Graduate Institute was "an institution intended to provide students of all nations the means of undertaking and pursuing international studies, most notably of a historic, judicial, economic, political and social nature".<ref name="Peter" /> [[File:Secheron - 03.jpg|thumb|220x220px|Maison de la paix|left]] To fulfill its mission, the Geneva Graduate Institute developed starting in the mid-1920s a system of summer ''cours temporaires'' (temporary courses), known as the Geneva Institute of International Relations, with financial support by the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace.<ref name="auto1"/> The courses were given by guest lecturers on a weekly, semester, or yearly basis.<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Is-lCR03fekC&dq=hei+geneve+%22cours+temporaires%22&pg=PA5 |title=International Relations in a Changing World |date=1977-08-23 |publisher=Brill Archive |isbn=978-90-286-0497-1 |language=en}}</ref><ref name="js">{{Cite thesis |title=The formation of International Relations: ideas, practices, institutions, 1914-1940 |url=https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:e028dab4-29e4-45af-91b0-e15fb7ef47b7/files/m04a485174f1965db88a289f7929deaac |publisher=University of Oxford |date=2017 |degree=PhD |language=en |first=J. |last=Stöckmann}}</ref> They attracted scholars like Raymond Aron, René Cassin, Luigi Einaudi, John Kenneth Galbraith, G. P. Gooch, Gottfried Haberler, Friedrich von Hayek, Hersch Lauterpacht, Lord McNair, Gunnar Myrdal,<ref name="Myrdal3">{{cite encyclopedia |year=2012 |title=Gunnar Myrdal |encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica Academic Edition |publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica Inc |url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/400594/Gunnar-Myrdal |access-date=14 October 2012}}</ref> Harold Nicolson, Philip Noel Baker, Pierre Renouvin, Lionel Robbins, Jean-Rodolphe de Salis, Harold Laski, Eric Voegelin, Carlo Sforza, Jacob Viner, Quincy Wright and Martin Wight.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Institut universitaire de hautes études internationales IUHEI |url=https://archives.unige.ch/authorities/view/210 |website=Université de Genève}}</ref><ref>{{Citation |last=Fleury |first=Antoine |title=Atlantique mais indépendante, Relations internationales, une revue franco-suisse de la guerre froide |date=2022-06-29 |url=http://books.openedition.org/psorbonne/86014 |work=Histoire et relations internationales |pages=131–142 |editor-last=Badel |editor-first=Laurence |access-date=2023-12-17 |place=Paris |publisher=Éditions de la Sorbonne |language=fr |isbn=979-10-351-0702-4}}</ref>thumb|220x220px|The Villa Moynier campusA different initiative, the Geneva School of International Studies, also offered summer programs at the Geneva Graduate Institute starting in 1923. These schools were created by both Lucie Barbier Zimmern and her husband Alfred Zimmern.<ref name=":1">{{Cite book |last=Owens |first=Patricia |title=Erased: A History of International Thought Without Men |publisher=Princeton University Press |year=2025 |isbn=978-0691266442 |location=Princeton |pages=28}}</ref> They were funded by John D. Rockefeller, Jr. and several other wealthy American donors.<ref name="auto1"/> They attracted hundreds of students yearly and proved particularly popular with American students.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1927-04-10 |title=SCHOOL STUDIES WORLD RELATIONS; Many American Students Attend the Institution At Geneva Founded by Professor Zimmern And Devoted to Ideals of Internationalism |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1927/04/10/archives/school-studies-world-relations-many-american-students-attend-the.html |access-date=2023-09-18 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Godkin Lecturer States Facts of Geneva School |url=https://www.thecrimson.com/article/1930/2/12/godkin-lecturer-states-facts-of-geneva/ |access-date=2023-09-18 |website=The Harvard Crimson}}</ref><ref name="Magness">{{Cite web |last=Magness |first=Phillip W. |date=2018-12-30 |title=What Does 'Neoliberalism' Really Mean? |url=https://reason.com/2018/12/30/what-does-neoliberalism-really/ |access-date=2023-12-17 |website=Reason.com |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name="js3">{{Cite thesis |title=The formation of International Relations: ideas, practices, institutions, 1914-1940|url=https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:e028dab4-29e4-45af-91b0-e15fb7ef47b7/files/m04a485174f1965db88a289f7929deaac |publisher=University of Oxford |date=2017 |degree=PhD |language=en |first=J. |last=Stöckmann}}</ref> They also attracted luminaries such as Jane Addams and John Maynard Keynes.<ref name=":1" /> The "Geneva Schools" or "Zimmern Schools", as they became known, were taught by leading scholars like Louis Eisenmann, Ernst Jäckh, Paul Mantoux, and Arnold J. Toynbee alongside a variety of "public men" such as Edvard Beneš, Lord David Cecil, Paul Hymans, Fridtjof Nansen, and Arthur Salter, 1st Baron Salter.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Owens |first1=Patricia |last2=Rietzler |first2=Katharina |date=2023-07-04 |title=Polyphonic internationalism: The Lucie Zimmern School of International studies |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/07075332.2023.2177321 |journal=The International History Review |language=en |volume=45 |issue=4 |pages=623–642 |doi=10.1080/07075332.2023.2177321 |issn=0707-5332|url-access=subscription }}</ref><ref name="js3" /> The last Geneva School was held in 1939.<ref>{{Cite journal |date=2023 |title=Polyphonic internationalism: The Lucie Zimmern School of International studies |url=https://journals.scholarsportal.info/details/07075332/v45i0004/623_pitlzsois.xml |journal=The International History Review |volume=45 |issue=4 |pages=623–642 |doi=10.1080/07075332.2023.2177321 |issn=0707-5332 |last1=Owens |first1=Patricia |last2=Rietzler |first2=Katharina |url-access=subscription }}</ref>

===World War II=== thumb|IHEID's earlier logo at Villa Barton's main gate|leftThe Geneva Graduate Institute had become known in the 1930s as a rallying point for neoliberal scholars, with economist Lionel Robbins calling it an "oasis of sanity" amid the rise of totalitarianism in Europe.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ebeling |first=Richard M. |date=May 2024 |title=Une oasis de liberté dans une Europe totalitaire |url=https://www.libinst.ch/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/2024-5-Ebeling-Oasis.pdf|website=Liberal Institut}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=The Historic Roots of the Neoliberal Program |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/227454148 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221211232212/https://www.researchgate.net/publication/227454148_The_Historic_Roots_of_the_Neoliberal_Program |archive-date=11 December 2022 |access-date=2024-12-13 |website=ResearchGate |language=en |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Magness"/><ref>{{Cite web |title=IHEID and Neoliberalism: Reflecting on the Institute's neoliberal history and practice {{!}} IHEID |url=https://www.graduateinstitute.ch/communications/events/iheid-and-neoliberalism-reflecting-institutes-neoliberal-history-and-practice |access-date=2023-12-17 |website=www.graduateinstitute.ch}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last1=Mirowski |first1=Philip |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JiSnS3q0OAMC&dq=geneva+graduate+institute+of+international+studies+neoliberalism&pg=PA397 |title=The Road from Mont Pèlerin: The Making of the Neoliberal Thought Collective |last2=Plehwe |first2=Dieter |date=2009-06-19 |publisher=Harvard University Press |isbn=978-0-674-03318-4 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Dyson |first=Kenneth |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-PUTEAAAQBAJ&dq=the+main+linking-pin+of+the+Ordo-liberal+tradition+was+the+Institut+Universitaire+des+Hautes+%C3%89tudes+Internationales%2C+which+was+located+in+Geneva&pg=PA9 |title=Conservative Liberalism, Ordo-liberalism, and the State: Disciplining Democracy and the Market |date=2021-01-21 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-259621-5 |language=en}}</ref> It attracted leading neoliberal economists including Ludwig Von Mises, Wilhelm Röpke and Michael A. Heilperin, who formed an intellectual community with employees of the nearby General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade and League of Nations secretariats, such as Gottfried Haberler, and with academics who presented key research at the Geneva Graduate Institute, including Friedrich Hayek and Lionel Robbins.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Buliamti |date=2024-11-19 |title=OTR—Neoliberalism—A Creative Destruction Disease |url=https://cospolon.substack.com/p/otrneoliberalisma-creative-destruction?utm_campaign=post&utm_medium=web |access-date=2024-12-14 |website=Cospolon}}</ref><ref name="A New Narrative for Neoliberalism">{{Cite web |title=A New Narrative for Neoliberalism |url=https://www.aspeninstitutece.org/article/2018/new-narrative-neoliberalism/ |access-date=2024-12-14 |website=Aspen Institute Central Europe |date=10 November 2018 |language=cs}}</ref> Historian Quinn Slobodian proposed in 2018 the existence of a so-called Geneva School of economics to describe this group of economists and political economists, whom he characterizes as "ordo-globalists" who promoted the creation of global institutions to safeguard the unimpeded movement of capital across borders.<ref name="Klabbers 369–371">{{Cite journal |last=Klabbers |first=Jan |date=2020-02-01 |title=Globalists: The End of Empire and the Birth of Neoliberalism |url=https://academic.oup.com/ejil/article/31/1/369/5882067 |journal=European Journal of International Law |volume=31 |issue=1 |pages=369–371 |doi=10.1093/ejil/chaa022 |issn=0938-5428|url-access=subscription |hdl=10138/351427 |hdl-access=free }}</ref><ref name="Neoliberalism's World Order">{{Cite web |title=Neoliberalism's World Order |url=https://www.dissentmagazine.org/article/neoliberalism-world-order-review-quinn-slobodian-globalists/ |access-date=2024-12-13 |website=Dissent Magazine}}</ref> The Geneva School combined the "Austrian emphasis on the limits of knowledge and the global scale with the German ordoliberal emphasis on institutions and the moment of the political decision".<ref name="A New Narrative for Neoliberalism"/><ref name="Klabbers 369–371"/><ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-12-11 |title=The Historic Roots of the Neoliberal Program |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/227454148 |access-date=2024-12-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221211232212/https://www.researchgate.net/publication/227454148_The_Historic_Roots_of_the_Neoliberal_Program |archive-date=11 December 2022 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Neoliberalism's World Order"/> Geneva School economists were instrumental in organizing the Mont Pelerin Society, a neoliberal academic society of economists and political philosophers that assembled in nearby Mont Pèlerin.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Innset |first=Ola |date=2021-11-15 |title=An Army of Fighters for Freedom. The social environment of the first Mont-Pèlerin Society conference |url=https://shs.cairn.info/revue-d-economie-politique-2021-5-page-753?lang=fr#re18no54 |journal=Revue d'économie politique |language=en |volume=131 |issue=5 |pages=753–776 |doi=10.3917/redp.315.0035 |issn=0373-2630|url-access=subscription }}</ref>

Other faculty fleeing countries with Nazi regimes also included {{interlanguage link|Hans Wehberg|de}} and Georges Scelle for law, Maurice Bourquin for diplomatic history, and Swiss jurist Paul Guggenheim. Subsequently, more scholars would join the Institute's faculty. Hans Kelsen, theorist and philosopher of law, Guglielmo Ferrero, Italian historian, and Carl Burckhardt, scholar and diplomat were employed at the Geneva Graduate Institute.<ref>{{Cite web |last=jam |first=Journal des arts et métiers |date=2019-05-09 |title=Ces libéraux qui vécurent à Genève |url=https://www.gewerbezeitung.ch/fr/nouvelles-archives/ces-lib%C3%A9raux-qui-v%C3%A9curent-%C3%A0-gen%C3%A8ve/ |access-date=2023-12-17 |website=Journal des arts et métiers jam |language=fr}}</ref>

===Expansion=== [[File:Jacques Freymond by Erling Mandelmann - 2.jpg|thumb|240x240px|Jacques Freymond]] With the Rockefeller Foundation ending its funding in 1954, the Canton of Geneva and the Swiss government began to bear most of the costs associated with the Institute. This transfer of financial responsibility coincided with the arrival of Rappard's successor as the Institute's director, historian Jacques Freymond in 1955. Freymond inaugurated a period of great expansion, increasing the range of subjects taught and the number of both students and faculty. Nevertheless, the school remained small during that period. Before the 1980s, the faculty never exceeded 25 members. Under Freymond's tenure, the Geneva Graduate Institute hosted many international colloquia that discussed preconditions for East–West negotiations, relations with China and its rising influence in world affairs, European integration, techniques and results of politico-socioeconomic forecasting (the early Club of Rome reports, and the Futuribles project led by Bertrand de Jouvenel), the causes and possible antidotes to terrorism, and Pugwash Conference concerns.<ref>{{Cite web |title=American, Soviet and European scientists and politicians held private... - UPI Archives |url=https://www.upi.com/Archives/1980/12/06/American-Soviet-and-European-scientists-and-politicians-held-private/7865344926800/ |access-date=2026-01-24 |website=UPI |language=en}}</ref> Freymond's term also saw many landmark publications, including the Treatise on international law by Paul Guggenheim and the six-volume compilation of historical documents relating to the Communist International.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Wright |first=Michael |date=2020-10-10 |title=The Europaeum bulletin - Oct 2020 |url=https://europaeum.org/europaeum-bulletin-oct-2020/ |access-date=2023-12-21 |website=Europaeum |language=en-US}}</ref> In the 1980s, after the end of Freymond's tenure, Geneva Graduate Institute faculty members, including Ernst-Ulrich Petersmann and Jan Tumlir, played a significant role in reforming and transforming the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade into the World Trade Organization.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Slobodian |first=Quinn |title=Globalists: the end of empire and the birth of neoliberalism |date=2020 |publisher=Harvard University Press |isbn=978-0-674-24484-9 |edition=First Harvard University Press paperback |location=Cambridge, Massachusetts London, England}}</ref>

=== Reorganization === left|thumb|186x186px|Maison de la paix In 2008, the Graduate Institute of International Studies absorbed the Graduate Institute of Development Studies (French: ''Institut universitaire d’études du développement'', IUED), and was thereby renamed as the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies.<ref name="Merger">{{cite web |date=16 May 2007 |title=Fondation pour l'étude des relations internationales et du développement, Genève: Statuts de la fondation et composition du premier conseil de fondation |url=https://www.news.admin.ch/fr/nsb?id=12617 |access-date=13 October 2012 |work=news.admin.ch |publisher=Département fédéral de l'intérieur |language=fr}}</ref> IUED was founded by historian Jacques Freymond in 1961 as the ''Centre genevois pour la formation des cadres africains'', later renamed ''Institut Africain de Genève'', or African Institute of Geneva.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Chapter 13: The Maison de la Paix, or the Art of Rounding the Angles {{!}} Genève internationale |url=https://www.geneve-int.ch/chapter-13-maison-de-la-paix-or-art-rounding-angles |access-date=2024-11-08 |website=www.geneve-int.ch}}</ref> It was among the first institutions in Europe to develop the scholarly field of sustainable development. It was also known for the critical view of many of its professors on development aid, as well as for its journal, the ''Cahiers de l'IUED.''<ref>{{cite web |title=L'IUED refait le monde depuis 40 ans – Infosud – Tribune des Droits Humains |url=http://www.infosud.org/spip.php?page=article&id_article=5076 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131102164743/http://www.infosud.org/spip.php?page=article&id_article=5076 |archive-date=2 November 2013 |access-date=31 December 2012 |website=infosud.org}}</ref>

In 2009, the Geneva Graduate Institute ended its previous affiliation with the University of Geneva when it became an independent, Swiss government-accredited university. Prior to this, its accreditation had depended on its partnership with the University of Geneva.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Current Accreditation |url=https://www.graduateinstitute.ch/discover-institute/la-qualite-linstitut/current-accreditation |access-date=2024-08-22 |website=www.graduateinstitute.ch}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=2009-10-28 |title=L'IHEID de Genève est reconnu comme institution universitaire - Le Temps |url=https://www.letemps.ch/suisse/liheid-geneve-reconnu-institution-universitaire?srsltid=AfmBOopqf7730NX9U-GtpOdNJU1ozLIAhYwvZWVHTQxJQasWsgfxskzE |access-date=2024-09-03 |language=fr |issn=1423-3967}}</ref> The master's and doctoral degrees originally awarded by the Geneva Graduate Institute and the University of Geneva were transferred to the Geneva Graduate Institute, while the bachelor's degree in international relations, formerly awarded by the Graduate Institute of International Studies, was taken over by the University of Geneva.<ref>{{Cite web |title=日内瓦高等学院追寻和平与发展的百年启示录-中国教育新闻网 |url=http://www.jyb.cn/rmtzcg/xwy/wzxw/202506/t20250610_2111355880.html |access-date=2025-07-02 |website=www.jyb.cn}}</ref> Since 2016, student registration has also been transferred from the University of Geneva to the Geneva Graduate Institute.<ref name="l'UNIGE et l'IHEID2">{{cite web|access-date=7 December 2017 |date=16 May 2007 |language=fr |title=les immatriculations à l'Institut de hautes études internationales et du développement |url=http://www.unige.ch/admissions/sinscrire/delais-formalites/iheid/}}.</ref>

A loose partnership with the University of Geneva has remained in place including through joint schools (Geneva Academy of International Humanitarian Law and Human Rights, Geneva Centre for Education and Research in Humanitarian Action, and Geneva Center for International Dispute Settlement<ref>{{Cite web |title=Geneva Center for International Dispute Settlement - CIDS {{!}} Genève internationale |url=https://www.geneve-int.ch/geneva-center-international-dispute-settlement-0 |access-date=2025-07-02 |website=www.geneve-int.ch}}</ref>) and joint degrees.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-07-17 |title=Centres and Institutes - Université de Genève |url=https://www.unige.ch/en/faculties/centres-institutes/ |access-date=2025-03-09 |website=www.unige.ch |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2007-11-23 |title=Lancement de l'Institut de Hautes études internationales et du développement (IHEID) |url=https://www.unige.ch/actualites/archives/2007/iheid/ |access-date=2025-07-02 |website=www.unige.ch |language=fr}}</ref>

== Academics == thumb|188x188px|Kathryn and Shelby Cullom Davis LibraryThe Geneva Graduate Institute has nearly 1,100 students. Of these, about a third are PhD students, and two thirds are master's students. Fourteen percent come from Switzerland. The remainder come from more than 100 other countries. Around 63% are women.<ref name="auto"/> Admission to the Geneva Graduate Institute’s study programs is highly competitive, with 2,104 candidates applying for 502 available spots in 2025.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Institute to Welcome Record Number of New Students |url=https://www.graduateinstitute.ch/communications/news/institute-welcome-record-number-new-students |access-date=2025-06-17 |website=www.graduateinstitute.ch}}</ref>

=== Departments === The Geneva Graduate Institute maintains five academic departments each headed by a faculty chair. They are the departments of international law; international relations & political science; international history & politics; international economics; and anthropology and sociology.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Academic Departments {{!}} IHEID |url=https://www.graduateinstitute.ch/academic-departments/academic-departments |access-date=2024-07-10 |website=www.graduateinstitute.ch}}</ref>

===Study programmes=== The Institute only offers master- and PhD-level programmes.<ref name="Diplomas">{{cite web |title=Diplomas |url=http://graduateinstitute.ch/home/admissions/prospective-students/diplomas.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140221173004/http://graduateinstitute.ch/home/admissions/prospective-students/diplomas.html |archive-date=21 February 2014 |access-date=February 1, 2014}}</ref> The Geneva Graduate Institute offers seven master programmes, four executive master programmes, and five PhD programmes. They include masters in International and Development Studies; International Law; International Relations/Political Science; International History and Politics; International Economics; Anthropology and Sociology, Sustainable Finance and Development, and PhDs in International Law; International Relations/Political Science; International History and Politics; International Economics; Anthropology and Sociology.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Master & PhD Programmes {{!}} IHEID |url=https://www.graduateinstitute.ch/master-phd-programmes |access-date=2024-07-29 |website=www.graduateinstitute.ch}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=IHEID FC Executive Course Catalogue {{!}} Geneva Graduate Institute |url=https://executive.graduateinstitute.ch/executive-programmes?utm_source=graduateinstitute.ch&utm_medium=referral&_ga=2.228765276.156328450.1722264075-1268229880.1705363942 |access-date=2024-07-29 |website=executive.graduateinstitute.ch}}</ref>

=== Research === The Institute is home to twelve research centers. They are the Albert Hirschman Centre on Democracy, the Centre for Digital Humanities and Multilateralism, the Centre for Finance and Development, the Center for Trade and Economic Integration, the Centre on Conflict, Development and Peacebuilding, the Hoffmann Centre for Global Sustainability, the Gender Centre, the Global Governance Centre, the NORRAG Global Education Centre, the Global Migration Centre, and the Global Health Centre. Additionally, the Small Arms Survey, the Global Commission on Drug Policy, and the Geneva Centre on Knowledge Governance, a joint initiative with American University, are housed at the Geneva Graduate Institute.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Associated Programmes |url=https://www.graduateinstitute.ch/centres/associated-programmes |access-date=2026-01-14 |website=www.graduateinstitute.ch}}</ref> The Institute is also home to the Geneva International Sanctions Network,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Geneva International Sanctions Network (GISN) |url=https://www.graduateinstitute.ch/communications/events/geneva-international-sanctions-network-gisn |access-date=2025-06-22 |website=www.graduateinstitute.ch}}</ref> an academic network focused on the effectiveness of international sanctions headed by professor Thomas J. Biersteker.

In addition, the Geneva Graduate Institute runs three specialized schools jointly with the University of Geneva. They are the Geneva Academy of International Humanitarian Law and Human Rights, the Geneva Centre of Humanitarian Studies and the Geneva Center for International Dispute Settlement.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Geneva Center for International Dispute Settlement - CIDS {{!}} Genève internationale |url=https://www.geneve-int.ch/geneva-center-international-dispute-settlement-0 |access-date=2024-11-18 |website=www.geneve-int.ch}}</ref>

===Rankings=== {|class="wikitable floatright" style="width: 25em; border:1px solid gray;" |+Geneva Graduate Institute rankings by ''Foreign Policy'' |- ! Year !! Master !! PhD |- | 2024 || 20th || 20th |- | 2018|| 29th || / |- |2014 |24th |/ |} As a small institution offering exclusively graduate programmes, the Geneva Graduate Institute does not participate in university rankings of comprehensive universities.<ref name="ranking of Graduate Institute">{{cite web |url=http://graduateinstitute.ch/home/about-us/institute/accreditation-reconnaissance-ran.html |title=Rankingy |access-date=3 Dec 2017 |archive-date=4 December 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171204114526/http://graduateinstitute.ch/home/about-us/institute/accreditation-reconnaissance-ran.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> However, It has been ranked by a handful of specialized rankings.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tierney |first=Irene Entringer García Blanes, Susan Peterson, Michael J. |date=2025-04-02 |title=The Top International Relations Schools of 2024, Ranked |url=https://foreignpolicy.com/2024/07/30/international-relations-school-rankings-university-undergraduate-masters-phd-programs/ |access-date=2025-04-02 |website=Foreign Policy |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Tierney |first=Daniel Maliniak, Susan Peterson, Ryan Powers, Michael J. |date=2025-04-02 |title=The Best International Relations Schools in the World |url=https://foreignpolicy.com/2015/02/03/top-twenty-five-schools-international-relations/ |access-date=2025-04-02 |website=Foreign Policy |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Ed |first=F P |date=2025-05-19 |title=The Best International Relations Schools in the World |url=https://foreignpolicy.com/2018/02/20/top-fifty-schools-international-relations-foreign-policy/ |access-date=2025-05-07 |website=Foreign Policy |language=en-US}}</ref>

In Foreign Policy's 2024 ''Inside the Ivory Tower'' ranking of best international relations schools worldwide, both U.S. international relations faculty and U.S. think tank staffers ranked the Geneva Graduate Institute's master's programs 20th. In Europe, only the master's programs of the London School of Economics and Political Science, Sciences Po and the University of Oxford also ranked in the master's top 20. Meanwhile, the PhD programs for policymakers ranked 20th worldwide when assessed by U.S. international relations faculty, 23rd when ranked by U.S. policymakers, and 26th when ranked by U.S. think tank staffers. The other Europe-based PhD programs for policymakers listed in the top 20 by U.S. international relations faculty were at the universities of Oxford and Cambridge, the London School of Economics, and Sciences Po.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tierney |first=Irene Entringer García Blanes, Susan Peterson, Michael J. |date=2024-08-26 |title=The Top International Relations Schools of 2024, Ranked |url=https://foreignpolicy.com/2024/07/30/international-relations-school-rankings-university-undergraduate-masters-phd-programs/ |access-date=2024-08-24 |website=Foreign Policy |language=en-US}}</ref> In 2012, The Geneva Graduate Institute was listed among the Foreign Policy Association's "Top 50 International Affairs Graduate Programs".<ref name="MIA">{{cite web |title=International Affairs Grad School Guide |url=http://www.fpa.org/ckfinder/userfiles/files/International%20Affairs%20Grad%20School%20Guide%20Fall%202012%20Tool%20Book.pdf |access-date=23 Jan 2016 |website=Foreign Policy Association}}</ref>

The Graduate Institute's LL.M. consistently ranks in the top 10 LL.M. for public international law compiled by the website LLM Guide.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://llm-guide.com/lists/top-llm-programs-for-public-international-law|title=Top LL.M. Programs for Public International Law 2025|website=llm-guide.com}}</ref> In addition, the LL.M. in international dispute settlement, offered jointly with the University of Geneva, ranked 2nd worldwide according to a 2012 survey of law firms conducted by the ''Global Arbitration Review''.<ref>{{cite web |title=LLM Survey |url=http://m2-contentieux-arbitrage-marc.u-paris2.fr/Files/GAR_LLM_survey_2012.pdf |website=Global Arbitration Review |access-date=23 Jan 2016}}</ref> The program also consistently ranks in the top 10 LL.M. for alternative dispute resolution in the LLM Guide.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://llm-guide.com/lists/top-llm-programs-for-alternative-dispute-resolution|title=Top LL.M. Programs for Alternative Dispute Resolution 2025|website=llm-guide.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://llm-guide.com/methodology|title=Methodology | LLM GUIDE|website=llm-guide.com}}</ref> Finally, the Geneva Academy of International Humanitarian Law and Human Rights' LL.M. in international humanitarian law and human rights, a joint programme with the University of Geneva, also ranks in the world's top 10 according to the LLM Guide's ranking.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://llm-guide.com/lists/top-10-llm-programs-for-human-rights-law|title=Top 10 LL.M. Programs for Human Rights Law 2025|website=llm-guide.com}}</ref>

== Campus == The Campus de la paix is a network of buildings extending from Place des Nations (the United Nations Headquarters in Geneva) to the shores of Lake Geneva, spanning two public parks: Parc Barton and Parc Moynier.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Campus de la Paix {{!}} IHEID |url=https://www.graduateinstitute.ch/discover-institute/campus-de-la-paix |access-date=2023-08-12 |website=www.graduateinstitute.ch}}</ref>

=== Maison de la paix === {{Main|Maison de la paix}} [[File:MaisonPaix-GE-20140407b.JPG|thumb|220x220px|Maison de la paix]] The Graduate Institute's main campus is the Maison de la paix (lit. "House of Peace"), which opened in 2013.<ref name="Paix">{{cite web |author=Sophie Davaris |date=December 3, 2008 |url=http://archives.tdg.ch/geneve/actu/iheid-devoile-campus-future-maison-paix-2008-12-02 |title=IHEID dévoile son campus et la future Maison de la paix |work=Tribune de Genève |language=fr |access-date=13 October 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120723031313/http://archives.tdg.ch/geneve/actu/iheid-devoile-campus-future-maison-paix-2008-12-02 |archive-date=23 July 2012}}</ref> The Maison de la Paix is a 38,000 meter-square glass building distributed into six connected sections. It contains the Kathryn and Shelby Cullom Davis Library, which holds 350,000 books about social sciences, journals and annual publications, making it one of Europe's richest libraries in the fields of development and international relations. It is named after two Institute alumni, Ambassador Shelby Cullom Davis and his wife Kathryn Davis, following the Davis' $10 million donation to the Institute.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://graduateinstitute.ch/corporate/Kathryn_Davis_Grant.html |title=A US$ 10 Million Grant from Mrs Kathryn Davis |author=Philippe Burrin |date=Spring 2009 |work=Globe No. 3 |access-date=11 October 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120225031527/http://graduateinstitute.ch/corporate/Kathryn_Davis_Grant.html |archive-date=25 February 2012}}</ref>

In addition to serving as the institute's main campus, the Maison de la paix also houses policy centres and advocacy groups with close ties to the Institute such as the Geneva Centre for the Democratic Control of Armed Forces, the Geneva Centre for Security Policy, the Geneva International Centre for Humanitarian Demining, Interpeace, the International Institute of Humanitarian Law and the World Business Council for Sustainable Development.<ref name="Paix" />

=== Historic villas === [[File:At Geneva 2024 180.jpg|thumb|220x220px|Centre William Rappard|left]] Another section of the campus are two historic villas situated by Lake Geneva, Villa Barton and Villa Moynier. Villa Barton served as the institute's main campus from 1937 to 2007.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Classement du décor et du mobilier de la Villa Barton et mise à l'inventaire des cinq pavillons de l'IHEID |url=https://www.ge.ch/actualite/classement-du-decor-du-mobilier-villa-barton-mise-inventaire-cinq-pavillons-iheid-13-07-2022 |access-date=2024-10-31 |website=ge.ch |language=fr}}</ref> It now mostly houses administrative staff. Adjacent to Villa Barton, the World Trade Organization's headquarters, known as the Centre William Rappard, housed the Geneva Graduate Institute's library during that period.<ref>{{Cite web |title=WTO {{!}} About the organization - The WTO building: Centre William Rappard: Welcome |url=https://www.wto.org/english/thewto_e/cwr_e/cwr_welcome_e.htm |access-date=2024-10-31 |website=www.wto.org}}</ref>

Villa Moynier, since 2009, houses the Institute-based Geneva Academy of International Humanitarian Law and Human Rights and Geneva Center for International Dispute Settlement. The building holds a symbolic significance as it was originally owned by Gustave Moynier, co-founder of the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC), and subsequently used by the League of Nations and as the headquarters of the ICRC between 1933 and 1946.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Historic villas |url=https://www.bsne.ch/home/about-us/campus-de-la-paix/historic-villas.html |access-date=2023-08-12 |website=www.bsne.ch}}</ref>

At the time of the Geneva Graduate Institute's founding in the early 20th century, the Institute was briefly housed in an hôtel particulier, located at Promenade du Pin 5, that now houses Geneva's Library of Art and Archeology (fr).<ref name="Potter 1968 740–742" />

=== Student housing === thumb|The Edgar and Danièle de Picciotto Student Residence|220x220px The Geneva Graduate Institute owns and operates two halls of residence in Geneva. The Edgar and Danièle de Picciotto Student Residence neighbors the main campus, Maison de la paix. It was completed in 2012 and provides 135 apartments for students and visiting professors. The Grand Morillon Student Residence opened to students in 2021 and accommodates 678 residents. It was designed by Japanese architect Kengo Kuma.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.graduateinstitute.ch/communications/events/opening-grand-morillon-student-residence|title=Opening of the Grand Morillon Student Residence|website=www.graduateinstitute.ch}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Our residences {{!}} IHEID |url=https://www.graduateinstitute.ch/housing/our-residences |access-date=2024-11-03 |website=www.graduateinstitute.ch}}</ref>

== Publications == *''Journal of International Dispute Settlement'' was established by the Geneva Graduate Institute and the University of Geneva in 2010, the ''JIDS'' is dedicated to international law with commercial, economic and financial implications. It is published by Oxford University Press.<ref>{{Cite web |title=About the Journal |url=https://academic.oup.com/jids/pages/About |access-date=2023-08-12 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Institute hosts new academic journal {{!}} IHEID |url=https://www.graduateinstitute.ch/communications/news/institute-hosts-new-academic-journal |access-date=2025-03-23 |website=www.graduateinstitute.ch}}</ref> *''International Development Policy'' is a peer-reviewed e-journal edited by the Geneva Graduate Institute that promotes research and policy debates on global development.<ref>{{Cite web |title=International Development Policy |url=https://brill.com/display/serial/IDP |access-date=2023-08-12 |website=Brill |language=en}}</ref> *''Relations internationales'' publishes research on international relations history ranging from the end of the 19th century to recent history. It is a co-publication of the Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne University and the Geneva Graduate Institute that is published by Presses universitaires de France.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Présentation – Relations Internationales |url=https://relations-internationales.fr/la-revue/presentation/ |access-date=2023-08-12 |language=fr-FR}}</ref>

== International relations == === Partnerships === The Graduate Institute has exchange partnerships with the following institutions internationally:<ref>{{Cite web |title=Exchange programmes {{!}} IHEID |url=https://www.graduateinstitute.ch/index.php/exchanges |access-date=2023-05-06 |website=graduateinstitute.ch}}</ref> {{div col}} * United States: American University, School of International Service, Boston University, School of Law, George Washington University, Elliott School, Harvard Law School, Tufts University, Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy, University of California, Los Angeles, School of Law, University of Michigan, Law School, Seton Hall University, School of Diplomacy, Yale University, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, Yale Jackson School of Global Affairs, Northwestern University, University of Pennsylvania Carey Law School * Canada: Munk School of Global Affairs, University of Toronto, Université de Montréal * Indonesia: Universitas Gadjah Mada * Kazakhstan: KIMEP University * South Korea: Seoul National University, Graduate School of International Studies * Singapore: National University of Singapore, Lee Kuan Yew School of Public Policy * Malaysia: University of Malaya * Japan: Waseda University, Graduate School of Asia-Pacific Studies, Sophia University * China: Fudan University, School of International Relations and Public Affairs, Peking University, School of International Studies, University of Hong Kong, Faculty of Social Sciences, China Foreign Affairs University, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen * Turkey: Boğaziçi University * India: Jawaharlal Nehru University * Mexico: El Colegio de Mexico * Peru: Pontificia Universidad Católica del Peru * Brazil: Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro * Colombia: Institute of International Relations, Universidad de Los Andes * Italy: European University Institute, Università Bocconi, LUISS – Guido Carli Free International University for Social Studies, Ca' Foscari University of Venice * Germany: Hertie School of Governance * France: Sciences Po, Emlyon Business School, École normale supérieure Paris-Saclay * Switzerland: University of St. Gallen, Global Health Institute, University of Geneva, Centre for Comparative and International Studies at ETH Zurich, University of Lucerne * Austria: Central European University * Egypt: American University, School of Global Affairs and Public Policy, Cairo * South Africa: Stellenbosch University * Ghana: University of Ghana * Australia: Melbourne School of Government, the University of Melbourne {{div col end}}

=== Networks === The Graduate Institute is an active member of the following associations and academic networks: Association of Professional Schools of International Affairs,<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2016-05-09 |title=APSIA Member - The Graduate Institute, Geneva |url=https://apsia.org/apsia_school_profile/graduate-institute-of-international-and-development-studies/ |access-date=2023-08-22 |website=Association of Professional Schools of International Affairs (APSIA) |language=en-US}}</ref> European University Association,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Member directory |url=https://eua.eu/about/member-directory.html |access-date=2023-08-22 |website=eua.eu}}</ref> Europaeum,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Member Network |url=https://europaeum.org/member-network/ |access-date=2023-08-22 |website=Europaeum |language=en-US}}</ref> European Consortium for Political Research,<ref>{{Cite web |title=ECPR Member Institutions |url=https://ecpr.eu/Membership/CurrentMembers |access-date=2023-08-22 |website=ecpr.eu}}</ref> European Association of Development Research and Training Institutes,<ref>{{Cite web |last=gmbh |first=ganzgraph |title=EADI: European Association of Development Research and Training Institutes |url=https://www.eadi.org/member/the-graduate-institute-of-international-and-development-studies |access-date=2023-08-22 |website=www.eadi.org |language=en-US}}</ref> Agence Universitaire de la Francophonie,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Agence universitaire de la Francophonie |url=https://www.auf.org/ |access-date=2023-08-22 |website=AUF |language=fr-CA}}</ref> and Swiss University Conference.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Willkommen - swissuniversities |url=https://www.swissuniversities.ch/willkommen |access-date=2023-08-22 |website=www.swissuniversities.ch}}</ref>

== Social engagement == === Academic awards === The Paul Guggenheim Prize in International Law was created in 1981 and is awarded on a biannual basis to honor the first monograph of young practitioners of international law.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.graduateinstitute.ch/awards|title=Academic Awards and Prizes|website=www.graduateinstitute.ch}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=n.a. |date=1979 |title=Announcements: Paul Guggenheim Foundation |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/575F3AF62558B09B799044E7169BAA10/S0165070X00017885a.pdf/paul-guggenheim-foundation.pdf |website=Cambridge University Press}}</ref> The Edgar de Picciotto International Prize is awarded every two years and worth 100,000 Swiss Francs. It rewards an internationally renowned academic whose research has contributed to enhancing the understanding of global challenges and whose work has influenced policy-makers.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.graduateinstitute.ch/discover-institute/who-we-are/edgar-de-picciotto-international-prize|title=The Edgar de Picciotto International Prize|website=www.graduateinstitute.ch}}</ref>

=== Public lectures === The Geneva Graduate Institute organizes public lecture events. Recent guest speakers have included U.N. Secretary-Generals Antonio Guterres<ref>{{Cite web |title=Dialogue with UN Secretary-General António Guterres {{!}} IHEID |url=https://www.graduateinstitute.ch/communications/events/dialogue-un-secretary-general-antonio-guterres |access-date=2024-11-26 |website=www.graduateinstitute.ch}}</ref> and Ban Ki-moon,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ban Ki-moon Lecture {{!}} IHEID |url=https://www.graduateinstitute.ch/communications/events/ban-ki-moon-lecture |access-date=2024-11-26 |website=www.graduateinstitute.ch}}</ref> U.N. High Commissioner for Refugees Filippo Grandi,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Everything in our Power for Peace: Filippo Grandi Gives the Kofi Annan Peace Address {{!}} IHEID |url=https://www.graduateinstitute.ch/communications/news/filippo-grandi-kofi-annan-peace-address |access-date=2024-11-26 |website=www.graduateinstitute.ch}}</ref> U.N. High Commissioner for Human Rights Zeid Ra'ad al-Hussein,<ref>{{Cite news |last=Miles |first=Tom |title=U.N.'s Zeid says politicians' anti-migrant rhetoric can be deadly |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/world/u-n-s-zeid-says-politicians-anti-migrant-rhetoric-can-be-deadly-idUSKCN0SL371/ |work=Reuters}}</ref> the Dalai Lama,<ref>{{Cite news |last=Nebehay |first=Stephanie |title=Big audience for panel with Dalai Lama despite Beijing protest |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/world/big-audience-for-panel-with-dalai-lama-despite-beijing-protest-idUSKCN0WD2GX/ |work=Reuters}}</ref> former World Trade Organization director-general Pascal Lamy,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Europe in the age of Xi and Trump {{!}} IHEID |url=https://www.graduateinstitute.ch/communications/events/europe-age-xi-and-trump |access-date=2024-12-12 |website=www.graduateinstitute.ch}}</ref> Italian prime minister Mario Monti,<ref>{{Cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?app=desktop&v=Jjw4NsqIKg4 |title=Mario Monti: Is the EU headed for disintegration? |date=2016-03-04 |last=Geneva Graduate Institute |access-date=2024-12-08 |via=YouTube}}</ref> British prime minister Gordon Brown,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Europe and Brexit {{!}} IHEID |url=https://www.graduateinstitute.ch/communications/events/europe-and-brexit |access-date=2024-12-08 |website=www.graduateinstitute.ch}}</ref> Liberian president Johnson Sirleaf,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kofi Annan Geneva Peace Address {{!}} IHEID |url=https://www.graduateinstitute.ch/communications/events/kofi-annan-geneva-peace-address |access-date=2024-11-26 |website=www.graduateinstitute.ch}}</ref> journalist and Nobel laureate Dmitry Muratov,<ref>{{Cite web |title=THE PRICE OF TRUTH {{!}} IHEID |url=https://www.graduateinstitute.ch/communications/news/price-truth |access-date=2024-11-26 |website=www.graduateinstitute.ch}}</ref> Microsoft president Brad Smith,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Digital Technology and the War in Ukraine {{!}} IHEID |url=https://www.graduateinstitute.ch/communications/news/digital-technology-and-war-ukraine |access-date=2024-11-26 |website=www.graduateinstitute.ch}}</ref> economists Jeffrey Sachs,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Crisis, Recovery, Development & the Role of Youth {{!}} IHEID |url=https://www.graduateinstitute.ch/communications/events/crisis-recovery-development-role-youth |access-date=2024-11-26 |website=www.graduateinstitute.ch}}</ref> Joseph Stiglitz,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nobel Laureate Joseph Stiglitz Visits the International Economics Department |url=https://www.graduateinstitute.ch/communications/news/nobel-laureate-joseph-stiglitz-visits-international-economics-department |access-date=2026-05-08 |website=www.graduateinstitute.ch}}</ref> Paul Krugman,<ref>{{Cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h3pkhcbPdi8 |title=Paul Krugman: What have we learnt from the crisis? |date=2016-09-20 |last=Geneva Graduate Institute |access-date=2024-12-08 |via=YouTube}}</ref> and Amartya Sen,<ref>{{Cite web |title=What is the Use of Economics? {{!}} IHEID |url=https://www.graduateinstitute.ch/communications/events/what-use-economics |access-date=2024-12-08 |website=www.graduateinstitute.ch}}</ref> historian Niall Ferguson,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Black Swans, Dragon Kings and Gray Rhinos: The World War of 1914-1918 and the Pandemic of 2020-? {{!}} IHEID |url=https://www.graduateinstitute.ch/communications/events/black-swans-dragon-kings-and-gray-rhinos-world-war-1914-1918-and-pandemic |access-date=2024-12-08 |website=www.graduateinstitute.ch}}</ref> actress Angelina Jolie,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Angelina Jolie {{!}} IHEID |url=https://www.graduateinstitute.ch/communications/events/angelina-jolie |access-date=2024-12-08 |website=www.graduateinstitute.ch}}</ref> and philosopher Michael Sandel.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Michael Sandel Receives the 2022 Edgar de Picciotto International Prize {{!}} IHEID |url=https://www.graduateinstitute.ch/communications/news/michael-sandel-receives-2022-edgar-de-picciotto-international-prize |access-date=2024-11-26 |website=www.graduateinstitute.ch}}</ref>

== Administration == === Leadership === The founding directors of the Graduate Institute of International Studies were Paul Mantoux (1927-1951) and William Rappard (1928-1955). The Institute was then headed by Jacques Freymond (1955-1978), Christian Dominicé (1978-1984), Lucius Caflisch (1984-1990), Alexandre Swoboda (1990-1998), Peter Tschopp (de) (1998-2002), Jean-Michel Jacquet (2002-2004) and Philippe Burrin (2004-2020). Its current director is Marie-Laure Salles.<ref>{{cite web |title=The Institute and the International Community: 90 Years of History |url=https://www.graduateinstitute.ch/sites/internet/files/2020-12/Book_90years_Institute_web.pdf |publisher=Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies}}</ref>

=== Legal status === The Graduate Institute is a hybrid, public and private institution. It is constituted as a Swiss private law foundation, namely the ''Fondation pour les hautes études internationales et du développement'', that fulfills a public purpose. The political responsibility for the Graduate Institute is shared between the Swiss Confederation and the canton of Geneva. The arrangement is unusual in Switzerland, where the cantons usually run public universities, with the exception of the federally-run ETH Zurich and École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne.<ref>{{cite web |date=28 May 2006 |title=Bund finanziert Genf neue Hochschule |url=http://www.nzz.ch/2006/05/28/il/articleE5QID.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120212030342/http://www.nzz.ch/2006/05/28/il/articleE5QID.html |archive-date=12 February 2012 |access-date=13 October 2012 |work=Neue Zürcher Zeitung |language=de}}</ref>

=== Foundation Board === The Foundation Board is the administrative body of the Institute. It assembles academics, politicians, people of public life and practitioners. Its members have included Carlos Lopes (ex-U.N. under secretary general), Julia Marton-Lefèvre (former director general of the International Union for Conservation of Nature) and Jacques Marcovitch.<ref name="Merger" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Foundation Board {{!}} IHEID |url=https://www.graduateinstitute.ch/conseil-fondation |access-date=2024-05-28 |website=www.graduateinstitute.ch}}</ref>

== Controversies ==

=== Remuneration of teaching and research assistants === Some of the 60 or so PhD and master students and candidates <ref name="tdg.ch">{{Cite web |date=2023-10-03 |title=La lutte des assistants de l'IHEID continue |url=https://www.tdg.ch/hautes-etudes-genevoises-la-lutte-des-assistants-de-l-iheid-continue-663176389109 |access-date=2025-03-26 |website=Tribune de Genève |language=fr}}</ref> employed by the Geneva Graduate Institute as teaching assistants and research assistants<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-11-22 |title=Genève: Précarisés, des assistants universitaires tirent la sonnette d'alarme |url=https://www.20min.ch/fr/story/precarises-des-assistants-universitaires-tirent-la-sonnette-dalarme-397928036033 |access-date=2025-03-25 |website=20 minutes |language=fr}}</ref> have accused the school of underpaying them and circumventing Swiss labor laws.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Précarisés, des assistants universitaires tirent la sonnette d'alarme |date=22 November 2022 |url=https://www.20min.ch/fr/story/precarises-des-assistants-universitaires-tirent-la-sonnette-dalarme-397928036033}}</ref> In September 2022, the school's administration aligned its teaching assistant and research assistant contracts with Geneva's hourly minimum wage laws by reducing the percentage of the work contract while maintaining the same workload.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-11-22 |title=Genève: Précarisés, des assistants universitaires tirent la sonnette d'alarme |url=https://www.20min.ch/fr/story/precarises-des-assistants-universitaires-tirent-la-sonnette-dalarme-397928036033 |access-date=2025-03-26 |website=20 minutes |language=fr}}</ref> The students claim they live in "precarious" conditions and that their remuneration is “insufficient for a dignified life”.<ref name="thegraduatepress.org">{{Cite web |title='Fully-funded' IHEID PhD Package: a False Promise? |date=28 May 2024 |url=https://thegraduatepress.org/2024/05/28/fully-funded-iheid-phd-package-a-false-promise/}}</ref> Some report being unable to afford medicines and relying on food banks.<ref name="thegraduatepress.org"/> Geneva is among the world's most expensive cities.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.timeout.com/news/this-is-officially-the-worlds-most-expensive-city-in-2024-080624|title=This is the World’s Most Expensive City in 2024}}</ref> The Geneva-based union Syndicat interprofessionnel de travailleuses et travailleurs (fr) (SIT) has helped the students unsuccessfully petition the Grand Council of Geneva on the matter. It voted against taking action.<ref>{{Cite web |title=La lutte des assistants de l'IHEID continue |date=3 October 2023 |url=https://www.tdg.ch/hautes-etudes-genevoises-la-lutte-des-assistants-de-l-iheid-continue-663176389109}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.sit-syndicat.ch/spip/spip.php?article1504|title=Remise de la pétition « Un contrat et des salaires décents pour les assistant-es d'enseignement de l'IHEID »}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Grand Conseil de Genève - Mémorial |url=https://ge.ch/grandconseil/m/memorial/seances/030202/8/20/#1730941 |access-date=2025-03-25 |website=ge.ch}}</ref> SIT has said the part-time 2022 contracts "do not in any way resolve the precariousness of assistants" and sought the hourly payment of work the students devote to writing their thesis.<ref name="tdg.ch"/> Marie-Laure Salles, the school's director, has said such labor "does not constitute a professional activity but rather personal training work which belongs exclusively to the doctoral student".<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-10-03 |title=La lutte des assistants de l'IHEID continue |url=https://www.tdg.ch/hautes-etudes-genevoises-la-lutte-des-assistants-de-l-iheid-continue-663176389109 |access-date=2025-03-25 |website=Tribune de Genève |language=fr}}</ref> Some students have criticized her handling of the situation, particularly in 2022 for allegedly interrupting negotiations over concerns that SIT's involvement "breached trust in the discussions".<ref>{{Cite web |title=Reaction Statement to IHEID TA Salary Negotiations |date=15 December 2022 |url=https://thegraduatepress.org/2022/12/15/reaction-statement-to-iheid-ta-salary-negotiations/}}</ref> In March 2026, a new petition signed by students called once more for higher wages for teaching assistants.<ref>{{Cite web | title=The Moral Economy of PhDs – The Graduate Press – La Gazette de la Paix | url=https://thegraduatepress.org/2026/03/02/the-moral-economy-of-phds/ | access-date=2026-03-22 | website=thegraduatepress.org}}</ref>

=== Disability accessibility === Concerns about disability inclusion at the Geneva Graduate Institute have been documented across multiple sources. In June 2023, ''The Graduate Press'', the institute's independent student publication, reported widespread physical accessibility barriers at the Maison de la Paix campus, including the absence of automatic door buttons on heavy hallway and bathroom doors, an insufficient and frequently out-of-service elevator system, stairs without ramps in major auditoriums and the library, steep corridor gradients difficult to navigate for wheelchair users, and classroom layouts that limit mobility for students using physical aids.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Team |first=The Graduate Press Editorial |last2=Writers |first2=Staff |date=2023-06-26 |title=Maison de l’Inaccessibilité |url=https://thegraduatepress.org/2023/06/26/maison-de-linaccessibilite/ |access-date=2026-03-19 |website=The Graduate Press - La Gazette de la Paix |language=en}}</ref> The article noted that a Disability Taskforce had been established in 2022 under the institute's Gender, Diversity and Inclusion Initiative to address these issues, but that implementation of its recommendations depended on the institute's leadership making accessibility a funding priority.

In March 2026, the Swiss weekly ''WOZ Die Wochenzeitung'' reported on the case of a researcher at the Geneva Graduate Institute with a severe visual impairment, who had spent over two years attempting to obtain basic workplace accommodations, including a specialist monitor, an appropriately situated workstation, and a written support agreement with limited institutional response.<ref name="Cohen">{{Cite web |last=Cohen |first=Von Ayse Turcanund Chloé |date=2026-03-18 |title=Inklusion: Bittstellerin für die eigenen Rechte |url=https://www.woz.ch/!AKWJA3XQ7KMJ |access-date=2026-03-19 |website=www.woz.ch |language=de}}</ref> The researcher, previously employed at universities in Germany and the Netherlands where standardized disability accommodation procedures were in place, described encountering institutional confusion about whether the employer bore any responsibility. She ultimately purchased required equipment with her own research funds. The article concludes that the shortcoming reflects a gap in Swiss domestic law: despite ratifying the an international treaty guaranteeing the rights of persons with disabilities, Switzerland has not obliged private employers to make reasonable accommodations for disabled workers.<ref name="Cohen"/>

== Notable people == === Alumni === {{Main|List of alumni of the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies}}

The Graduate Institute has more than 25,000 alumni working around the world. Notable alumni and faculty include one UN Secretary-General (Kofi Annan), seven Nobel Prize recipients, one Pulitzer Prize winner, and numerous ambassadors, foreign ministers, and heads of state.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Alumni Community {{!}} IHEID |url=https://www.graduateinstitute.ch/alumni-community |access-date=2024-02-28 |website=www.graduateinstitute.ch}}</ref><gallery class="center" mode="nolines"> File:Kofi Annan 2012 (cropped).jpg|Kofi Annan (DEA 1962), former secretary-general of the United Nations and 2001 Nobel Peace Prize winner File:Mohamed ElBaradei, Davos 1.jpg|Mohamed ElBaradei (DEA 1964), former director general of International Atomic Energy Agency and 2005 Nobel Peace Prize winner File:Leonid Hurwicz (square).jpg|Leonid Hurwicz (1940), 2007 winner of the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics File:Nazim al-Kudsi.jpg|Nazim al-Qudsi (PhD 1927), former president of Syria File:Micheline Calmy-Rey 2011.jpg|Micheline Calmy-Rey (Licence 1968), former president of Switzerland File:Kurt Furgler.gif|Kurt Furgler (1948), former president of Switzerland File:Jafar Hassan (cropped).jpg|Jafar Hassan (PhD 2000), prime minister of Jordan File:Michel Kafando - 2015 (cropped).jpg|Michel Kafando (DEA 1972), former president of Burkina Faso File:Alpha Oumar Konaré 2007-02-27.jpg|Alpha Oumar Konaré, former president of Mali and chairperson of the African Union Commission File:OSCE PA President George Tsereteli and the Grand Duke of Luxembourg CROPPED Henri.jpg|Henri, Grand Duke of Luxembourg (Licence 1980) File:Premier Nederlandse Antillen Boy Rozendal.jpg|Boy Rozendal (PhD 1957), prime minister of the Netherlands Antilles File:Cornelio Sommaruga.jpg|Cornelio Sommaruga (DEA 1961), former president of the International Committee of the Red Cross File:JakobKellenberger.jpg|Jakob Kellenberger (1974–1975), president of the International Committee of the Red Cross File:Hedi Annabi.jpg|Hédi Annabi, former head of United Nations Stabilisation Mission in Haiti File:(Pierre Krähenbühl) El Ayuntamiento destina este año 200.000 euros a UNRWA para atender a los refugiados palestinos.jpg|Pierre Krähenbühl (Licence 1991), Commissioner-General of the UNRWA File:23. Internationales Management-Gespräch-Arthur Dunkel-HSGN 028-00944.jpg|Arthur Dunkel, former director-general of General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade File:Rafael Mariano Grossi (00110002) (51192184415).jpg|Rafael Grossi (PhD 1997), director-general of the International Atomic Energy Agency File:United Nations Assistant Secretary-General for Africa Martha Ama Akyaa Pobee (cropped).jpg|Martha Ama Akyaa Pobee, Assistant-Secretary-General of the United Nations File:Sergio Vieira de Mello 1-1.jpg|Sérgio Vieira de Mello, former United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights File:Kamil Idris (WIPO).png|Kamil Idris (PhD 1984), prime minister of Sudan, former director-general of the World Intellectual Property Organization </gallery>

=== Faculty === {{Main|Category:Academic staff of the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies}} The Graduate Institute's former faculty members include Maurice Allais,<ref>{{cite web |title=Maurice Allais |url=https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/economic-sciences/1988/allais/facts/ |website=The Nobel Prize}}</ref> Georges Abi-Saab, Richard Baldwin,<ref>{{cite news |last1=Crabtree |first1=James |title=The Globotics Upheaval by Richard Baldwin — white-collar disruption |url=https://www.ft.com/content/892c6c1e-1d8f-11e9-a46f-08f9738d6b2b |publisher=Financial Times}}</ref> Carl Jacob Burckhardt,<ref>{{cite web |title=Carl Jacob Burckhardt |url=https://www.oxfordreference.com/display/10.1093/oi/authority.20110803095535863;jsessionid=0826810D104069314886DE6532C38D50 |website=Oxford Reference}}</ref> José Manuel Barroso,<ref>{{Cite news |date=2016-11-25 |title=Genève renie José Manuel Barroso, son étudiant prodige - Le Temps |url=https://www.letemps.ch/monde/europe/geneve-renie-jose-manuel-barroso-etudiant-prodige |access-date=2025-05-06 |language=fr |issn=1423-3967}}</ref> Friedrich von Hayek,<ref>{{cite web |title=Institut universitaire de hautes études internationales IUHEI |url=https://archives.unige.ch/authorities/view/210 |website=Université de Genève}}</ref> Saul Friedländer,<ref>{{cite web |title=Remembering the victims of National Socialism with Saul Friedländer |url=https://www.bundestag.de/en/documents/textarchive/remembrance-2019-588924 |website=German Bundestag}}</ref> Hans Kelsen,<ref name="fff.org">{{cite web |date=November 2022 |title=A Swiss Oasis of Liberal Sanity in a Totalitarian Europe |url=https://www.fff.org/explore-freedom/article/a-swiss-oasis-of-liberal-sanity-in-a-totalitarian-europe/ |website=The Future of Freedom Foundation}}</ref> Robert Mundell,<ref>{{cite web |date=24 June 2010 |title=Biography |url=http://robertmundell.net/biography/ |website=The Works of Robert Mundell}}</ref> Gunnar Myrdal,<ref name="Myrdal3"/> René Cassin, Shalini Randeria,<ref>{{cite web |title=Shalini Randeria |url=https://people.ceu.edu/shalini_randeria |website=Central European University}}</ref> Kemal Dervis,<ref>{{cite web |title=Kemal Dervis |url=http://www.turkuaz.global/celebrities/item/kemal-dervis |website=Turkuaz Republic}}</ref> Pierre-Marie Dupuy,<ref>{{cite web |title=Customary International Law |url=https://www.e-elgar.com/shop/usd/customary-international-law-9781788118903.html |website=Edward Elgar}}</ref> Guglielmo Ferrero,<ref name="fff.org" /> Theodor Meron,<ref>{{cite web |title=Theodor Meron |url=https://its.law.nyu.edu/facultyprofiles/index.cfm?fuseaction=profile.biography&personid=20122 |website=New York University School of Law}}</ref> Ludwig von Mises,<ref>{{cite web |title=Von Mises, Ludwig |url=https://www.encyclopedia.com/people/social-sciences-and-law/sociology-biographies/ludwig-von-mises |website=Encyclopedia.com}}</ref> Olivier Long,<ref>{{cite web |title=Olivier Long, GATT Director-General, 1968 to 1980 |url=https://www.wto.org/english/thewto_e/dg_e/ol_e.htm |website=World Trade Organization}}</ref> Wilhelm Röpke,<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Heilperin |first1=Michael A. |date=1966 |title=Wilhelm Röpke in Memoriam |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/40436696 |journal=Weltwirtschaftliches Archiv |volume=97 |pages=1–5 |jstor=40436696}}</ref> Emmanuel Gaillard,<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Bermann |first1=George A. |date=2021 |title=In Memoriam: Emmanuel Gaillard |url=https://scholarship.law.columbia.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=4926&context=faculty_scholarship |journal=Indian Rev. Int'l Arb. |volume=8}}</ref> Nicholas Georgescu-Roegen, Paul Guggenheim,<ref>{{cite web |date=15 September 1899 |title=Guggenheim, Paul |url=https://dodis.ch/P1904 |website=Dodis |publisher=Diplomatic Documents of Switzerland}}</ref> Harry Gordon Johnson,<ref>{{cite magazine |date=May 23, 1977 |title=Milestones |url=https://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,911998,00.html |magazine=Time}}</ref> Jacob Viner,<ref>{{cite news |date=Sep 13, 1970 |title=Dr. Jacob Miner, Economist, Dead |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1970/09/13/archives/dr-jacob-viner-economist-dead-princeton-professor-was-us-adviser-4.html |work=The New York Times}}</ref> and Jean Ziegler.<ref>{{cite web |title=Curriculum vitae Jean Ziegler |url=https://www2.ohchr.org/english/bodies/hrcouncil/advisorycommittee/docs/membership/JeanZiegler.pdf |website=OHCHR}}</ref>

The Graduate Institute's current faculty members include William M. Adams, Liliana Andonova, Jean-Louis Arcand, Jean-François Bayart, Thomas J. Biersteker, Gilles Carbonnier, Vincent Chetail, Andrew Clapham, Jacques Grinevald, Stefano Guzzini, Ilona Kickbusch, Marcelo Kohen, Nico Krisch, Keith Krause, Jussi Hanhimäki, Anna Leander, Giacomo Luciani, Alessandro Monsutti, Suerie Moon, Janne Nijman, Ugo Panizza, Joost Pauwelyn, Davide Rodogno, Gita Steiner-Khamsi, Timothy Swanson, Martina Viarengo, Jorge E. Viñuales, Beatrice Weder di Mauro, and Charles Wyplosz.<ref>{{cite web |title=Our Faculty |url=https://www.graduateinstitute.ch/faculty |website=Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies}}</ref><gallery class="center" mode="nolines"> File:ALLAIS PN Maurice-24x30-2001b.jpg|Maurice Allais, 1988 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics recipient File:Carl Burckhardt.jpg|Carl Jacob Burckhardt, former president of International Committee of the Red Cross File:Gunnar Myrdal 1964 002 (cropped).jpg|Gunnar Myrdal, 1974 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics co-recipient File:Friedrich Hayek portrait.jpg|Friedrich von Hayek, 1974 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics co-recipient File:Saul Friedlander.jpg|Saul Friedländer, 2008 Pulitzer Prize recipient File:Hans Kelsen (cropped).jpg|Hans Kelsen, jurist and legal philosopher File:Robert Mundell (cropped).jpg|Robert Mundell, 1999 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics recipient File:René Cassin nobel.jpg|René Cassin, 1968 Nobel Peace Prize recipient File:Guglielmo Ferrero (cropped).jpg|Guglielmo Ferrero, Italian historian File:Theodor Meron ICTY.jpg|Theodor Meron, former president of International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia File:Wilhelm Röpke (cropped).jpg|Wilhelm Röpke, father of social market economy File:Ludwig von Mises.jpg|Ludwig von Mises, Austrian school economist and philosopher </gallery>

==References== {{Reflist}}

== Bibliography == {{Commons category|Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies}} *''The Graduate Institute of International Studies Geneva: 75 years of service towards peace through learning and research in the field of international relations'', The Graduate Institute, 2002.

== External links == * {{Official website|http://www.graduateinstitute.ch/}} {{Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies|state=autocollapse}} {{APSIA}} {{Europaeum}}

Category:Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies Category:Universities and colleges in Switzerland Category:Maison de la Paix Category:Research institutes in Switzerland Category:Schools of international relations Category:Postgraduate schools Category:Universities and colleges established in 1927 Category:1927 establishments in Switzerland Category:Social science research institutes Category:Public administration schools Category:Public policy research Category:Public policy schools Category:Institutions founded by the Rockefeller family Category:Law schools

Geneva Graduate Institute

Connections

Linked from (86 total)

Links to (292 total)