{{Short description|American clubwoman, businesswoman, and temperance activist (1867–1948)}} thumb|Grace Garrett Durand, from a 1914 publication. '''Grace Garrett Durand''' (August 25, 1867 – February 26, 1948), was the spouse of the founder of the S.S. Durand sugar brokerage in Chicago, Illinois, Scott Sloan Durand (1869–1949),<ref name="CTF"/> an was, in her own right, an owner, manager, and promoter of an American dairy,<ref name="CTF"/> a temperance activist, and a clubwoman.{{clarify|date=April 2025}}
==Early life and education== Grace Denise Garrett was born in Burlington, Iowa, the daughter of William Garrett and Martha Rorer Garrett.<ref name="WhosWho">John William Leonard, ed., [https://books.google.com/books?id=aHUEAAAAYAAJ&dq=%22Mrs.+Scott+Durand%22&pg=PA263 ''Woman's Who's Who of America''] (American Commonwealth Publishing 1914): 263.</ref>{{better source needed|date=April 2025}}<!--Who's Who biographies are actually autobiographical, and paid, self-finiaced publications, and so are not independent, third-party sources, thus violating WP:RELIABLE--> She went to school at St. Mary's in Knoxville, Illinois.<ref>C. Chamberlain Tracey, [https://books.google.com/books?id=4xREAQAAMAAJ&dq=Durand+dairy+Lake+Forest&pg=PA501 ''A History of Lake County, Illinois''] (R. S. Bates 1912): 501.</ref>
==Career== In 1904 Grace Durand began running a model dairy in Lake Forest, Illinois, to sell good quality local milk to Chicagoans,<ref>[https://www.newspapers.com/clip/10190295/grace_durand_1908/ "A Model Dairy Farm"] ''New Castle Herald'' (July 13, 1908): 6. via Newspapers.com{{open access}}</ref> and to support her other projects, such as a kindergarten for children in Chicago's tenements.<ref>Kate V. Saint Maur, [https://books.google.com/books?id=Pm8-AQAAMAAJ&dq=%22Mrs.+Scott+Durand%22&pg=PA634 "Mrs. Scott Durand – Milk Woman"] ''Pearson's Magazine'' 24(November 1910): 634.</ref> Separately, Chicago railroad executive and federal judge Henry W. Blodgett owned and managed a 370-acre dairy farm, Crab Tree Farm, a property on Lake Michigan north of the Chicago suburb of Lake Bluff, Illinois (itself north of Lake Forest, Illinois).<ref name="CTF"/> Scott Sloan Durand (1869–1949), spouse of Grace Garrett Durand and founder of the Chicago sugar brokerage S. S. Durand and Co., purchased a substantial part of the Blodgett farm (250 acres) in 1905.<ref name="CTF"/> Mrs. Durand relocated her dairy operation to the Lake Bluff location in 1906.{{citation needed|date=April 2025}}{{verify source|date=April 2025}}
Mrs. Durand explained,{{when|date=April 2025}} "I have not entirely given up society for my dairy... but the work is so interesting that I cannot look upon the time and effort given to it as any sacrifice."<ref>Ebner, Michael H. (1988) [https://books.google.com/books?id=N0fQ1c1KVV8C&dq=Grace+Garrett+Durand&pg=PA202 ''Creating Chicago's North Shore: A Suburban History''] (University of Chicago Press), pp. 202-203. {{ISBN|9780226182056}}</ref> Several of the buildings on the farm were lost by fire in 1910; she subsequently commissioned Pullman Village designer and Chicago architect Solon Spencer Beman,<ref>Newcomen, T. (1998) "Pullman, Illinois: Changes in community planning from the 1880s to the 1990s", ''International Journal of Heritage Studies,'' Vol. 4, No. 1, pp. 10-29</ref> and they redesigned and rebuilt the farm.<ref name="CTF">{{cite web | author = CTF Staff | date = December 16, 2009 | title = History of Crab Tree Farm | work = CrabTreeFarm.org | url = http://www.crabtreefarm.org/history | url-status = dead | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20100521090423/http://www.crabtreefarm.org/history | archive-date = 2010-05-21 | access-date = 5 April 2025 | location = Lake Bluff, IL | publisher = Crab Tree Farm | quote = <small>At the turn of the twentieth century, the property we know today as Crab Tree Farm was part of a 370-acre dairy farm, owned by the eminent Illinois federal district judge and railroad president Henry W. Blodgett, who created the system that became the Chicago & Northwestern Railway in 1863. In 1905 Scott Sloan Durand (1869–1949), founder of S. S. Durand and Co., a Chicago sugar brokerage, purchased 250 acres of Blodgett’s land on Lake Michigan just north of the village of Lake Bluff, Illinois... / In 1926 William McCormick Blair (1884–1982) and his wife, Helen Bowen Blair (1890–1972), purchased from the Durands eleven acres of farmland overlooking Lake Michigan and commissioned architect David Adler (1882–1949) to design a summer home. </small>}} See also currently presented information at [https://crabtreefarmcollections.org/history-of-crab-tree-farm-2/ this page].</ref>{{verify source|date=April 2025}} In 1915, her herd of Guernsey cows was destroyed by government officials because they were suspected of carrying foot and mouth disease.<ref>Alan L. Olmstead, [https://books.google.com/books?id=nPhoBgAAQBAJ&dq=Durand+dairy+Lake+Forest&pg=PA126 ''Arresting Contagion: Science, Policy, and Conflicts over Animal Disease Control''] (Harvard University Press 2015): 126. {{ISBN|9780674967229}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | date = November 28, 1915 | title = The Gentlewoman Farmer and Her Fight to Save her $30,000 Herd | location = Washington, DC | newspaper = The Washington Herald | url = https://www.newspapers.com/clip/10190021/grace_durand_1915/ | page = 33 | via = Newspapers.com}}</ref> She sued for $100,000 in damages.<ref>"Mrs. Durand Asks $100,000" ''New York Times'' (November 21, 1915).{{full citation needed|date=April 2025}}</ref>{{full citation needed|date=April 2025}} She lectured at farmers' institutes across the American midwest on her methods and experiences in dairy work, and patented a design for milk jugs.<ref>Sarah Comstock, [https://books.google.com/books?id=1pw0AQAAMAAJ&dq=%22Mrs.+Durand%22&pg=RA6-PA28 "Mrs. Durand: A Twentieth Century Product"] ''Harper's Weekly'' (May 9, 1914): 28-30.</ref>
Grace Durand was the first woman elected to serve on the board of education in Lake Forest, Illinois.<ref name="WhosWho" />{{better source needed|date=April 2025}}<!--Who's Who biographies are actually autobiographical, and paid, self-finiaced publications, and so are not independent, third-party sources, thus violating WP:RELIABLE--> She was a member of the Lake Forest Golf Club,<ref>Kim Coventry, Daniel Meyer, Arthur H. Miller, [https://books.google.com/books?id=DrjWHvknMRIC&dq=%22Mrs.+Scott+Durand%22&pg=PA67 ''Classic Country Estates of Lake Forest''] (W. W. Norton & Company 2003): 67. {{ISBN|9780393730999}}</ref> and president of the Lake Bluff chapter of the Women's Christian Temperance Union. She wrote a book, ''Consider'', opposing the repeal of Prohibition. Her temperance work was much remarked upon when her husband was accused of participating in a "rum ring" and indicted in 1933.<ref>[http://archives.chicagotribune.com/1933/02/17/page/4/article/scott-durand-named-in-rum-ring-indictment "Scott Durand Named in Rum Ring Indictment"] ''Chicago Daily Tribune'' (February 17, 1933): 4.</ref><ref>[https://www.newspapers.com/clip/10190391/scott_s_durand_indicted_1933/ "Wealthy Broker, Mate of Rum Foe, Indicted by U. S."] ''Decatur Daily Review'' (February 17, 1933): 1. via Newspapers.com{{open access}}</ref>{{update after|2025|4|6}}<!--THe paragraph should NOT end with a statement regarding his indictment!-->
==Personal life== Grace Garrett Durand was married to a Chicago millionaire,<ref>[https://www.newspapers.com/clip/10190215/grace_durand_1905/ "Mrs. Durand to Start Dairy"] ''Omaha Daily Bee'' (June 18, 1915): 32. via Newspapers.com{{open access}}</ref> sugar broker Scott Sloan Durand, in 1894.{{citation needed|date=April 2025}} Crab Tree Farm, the site of her dairy, and their home outside of Chicago,<ref name="CTF"/> as of this date,{{when|date=April 2025}} remains a working farm near Lake Bluff.{{citation needed|date=April 2025}}
The Durands traveled extensively, around the world.{{citation needed|date=April 2025}} Mrs. Durand donated woven and embroidered shawls from India to the Art Institute of Chicago.,<ref>[http://www.artic.edu/aic/collections/artwork/75298/print Long Shawl], Art Institute of Chicago.</ref><ref>[http://www.artic.edu/aic/collections/artwork/151853?search_no=1&index=1 Long Shawl], Art Institute of Chicago.</ref> Their travels included a visit to Tristan da Cunha in 1935.{{relevance inline|date=April 2025}}<ref>[http://archives.chicagotribune.com/1935/03/27/page/12/article/travelers-will-bring-tales-of-strange-lands "Travelers Will Bring Tales of Strange Lands"] ''Chicago Tribune'' (March 27, 1935): 12.</ref>
The Durands adopted two children;<ref name="WhosWho" />{{better source needed|date=April 2025}}<!--Who's Who biographies are actually autobiographical, and paid, self-finiaced publications, and so are not independent, third-party sources, thus violating WP:RELIABLE--> their son Jackson G. "Jack" Durand was convicted of robbing the home of F. Edson White in 1926, and served a prison sentence.<ref>"Durand Appeal Denied" ''Belvidere Daily Republican'' (June 16, 1926): 1. via Newspapers.com{{open access}}</ref><ref>[https://www.newspapers.com/clip/10190531/jack_durand_parole_1928/ "Considering Parole of Jack Durand"] ''Freeport Journal Standard'' (May 3, 1928): 1. via Newspapers.com{{open access}}</ref>
Mrs. Durand died in 1948, at the age of 80 years.{{citation needed|date=April 2025}}
==References== {{reflist}}
==External links== *{{Find a Grave|27220849}}
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Durand, Grace}} Category:1867 births Category:1948 deaths Category:People from Lake Forest, Illinois Category:People from Burlington, Iowa Category:Clubwomen