{{short description|65th government of the Italian Republic}} {{use British English|date=April 2026}} {{use dmy dates|date=March 2019}} {{Infobox government cabinet |cabinet_name = First Conte government |cabinet_number = 65th |jurisdiction = Italy |flag = Flag of Italy.svg |flag_border = True |image = 140px |date_formed = {{start date|2018|6|1|df=y}} |date_dissolved = {{end date|2019|9|5|df=y}} ({{duration in days|2018|6|1|2019|9|5}} days) |government_head = Giuseppe Conte |deputy_government_head = Luigi Di Maio<br />Matteo Salvini |state_head = Sergio Mattarella |members_number = 19 <small>(including the Prime Minister)</small> |former_members_resigned= 1 |total_number = 20 <small>(including the Prime Minister)</small> |political_parties = M5S, Lega |opposition_parties = PD, FI, FdI, LeU |legislature_status = Coalition (Majority) |election = 2018 election |last_election = |incoming_formation = 2018 government formation |legislature_term = XVIII Legislature (2018–2022) |previous = Gentiloni government |successor = Second Conte government }} {{Giuseppe Conte sidebar}} The '''first Conte government''' was the 65th government of the Italian Republic.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Borghese |first1=Livia |last2=Vonberg |first2=Judith |title=New prime minister sworn in to lead populist Italian government |url=https://edition.cnn.com/2018/06/01/europe/italy-new-government-sworn-in-intl/index.html |access-date=15 October 2019 |work=CNN |date=1 June 2018}}</ref> It was led by Giuseppe Conte, an independent politician, and it was in office from 1 June 2018 to 5 September 2019. The government was described as populist and the first of that kind in Europe;<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ilsole24ore.com/art/mondo/2018-05-11/m5s-lega-il-primo-governo-populista-dell-europa-occidentale-paura-all-estero-e-economia--113113.shtml?uuid=AEuzTomE|title=Di Maio-Salvini: "governo populista che scuote la vecchia Europa". Si teme per l'economia|website=Il Sole 24 ORE}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.iltempo.it/politica/2018/05/15/news/governo-populista-m5s-lega-di-maio-salvini-media-stranieri-the-guardian-stampa-estera-1066571/|title=Il governo populista M5S -Lega non convince i media stranieri|website=www.iltempo.it}}</ref> its policies, more specifically those of the League (Lega), were described by Italian media as souverainist.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ilfoglio.it/politica/2018/01/11/news/la-lega-sovranista-di-salvini-non-e-quella-federalista-e-liberista-di-miglio-172537/|title=La Lega sovranista di Salvini non è quella federalista e liberista di Miglio|publisher=Il Foglio|access-date=26 August 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ilsole24ore.com/art/commenti-e-idee/2018-08-25/il-matrimonio-inevitabile-sovranismo-e-statalismo-200116.shtml?uuid=AETb3JfF|title=Il matrimonio inevitabile tra sovranismo e statalismo|website=Il Sole 24 ORE}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://espresso.repubblica.it/attualita/2018/08/06/news/estate-sovranista-di-matteo-e-luigi-1.325685|title=Estate sovranista di Salvini e Di Maio, il nuovo potere che abbraccia il vecchio|date=8 August 2018|website=l'Espresso}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ilgiornale.it/news/cronache/verita-su-salvini-1568345.html|title=La verità su Salvini|website=ilGiornale.it}}</ref>
The cabinet (known in Italy as the Council of Ministers) was formed by a coalition between the anti-establishment and populist Five Star Movement (M5S) and the right-wing populist Lega but also contained some independents proposed by each party (including the Prime Minister of Italy). It was referred to as the "government of change" ({{langx|it|governo del cambiamento}}) after the title of the political agreement signed by the two parties,<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.ansamed.info/ansamed/en/news/nations/europe/2018/06/01/italy-conte-to-lead-government-of-change_c823678e-977f-4cc6-be96-6ce9d524e749.html|publisher=ANSAmed|access-date=5 June 2018|date=1 June 2018|title=Italy: Conte to lead 'government of change'|archive-date=25 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210225064450/http://www.ansamed.info/ansamed/en/news/nations/europe/2018/06/01/italy-conte-to-lead-government-of-change_c823678e-977f-4cc6-be96-6ce9d524e749.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.thelocal.it/20180517/m5s-league-contract-italy-government-of-change|publisher=The Local|access-date=5 June 2018|date=17 May 2018|title=M5S and League agree contract for Italy's 'government of change'}}</ref> or the "yellow-green government" ({{lang|it|governo gialloverde}}), based on their customary colours,<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.newsweek.com/italys-new-government-steve-bannons-dream-come-true-952424|publisher=Newsweek|access-date=5 June 2018|date=1 June 2018|title=IItaly's New Government Is Steve Bannon's Dream Come True}}</ref> even if Lega originally preferred "yellow-blue government" ({{lang|it|governo gialloblu}}) due to its new campaign colour under Matteo Salvini's leadership.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.agi.it/politica/governo_lega_m5s_conte_giallo_blu_verde_legastellato-3949355/news/2018-05-25/|title=Il governo è giallo-blu (non giallo-verde) e 'legastellato'. Ora è ufficiale|website=Agi}}</ref>
== Supporting parties == {|class="wikitable" style="font-size:95%" |- !colspan=2|Party !Main ideology !Leader |- |style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Five Star Movement}}" | |Five Star Movement (M5S) |Populism, direct democracy |Luigi Di Maio |- |style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Lega Nord}}"| |League (Lega) |Right-wing populism, federalism |Matteo Salvini |} At its birth, in addition to the M5S and Lega, the first Conte government was supported by the Associative Movement of Italians Abroad (MAIE), five deputies and two senators previously expelled from the M5S, one dissident senator from the South American Union Italian Emigrants (USEI),<ref>[https://www.huffingtonpost.it/2018/05/24/si-rafforzano-i-numeri-di-conte-al-senato-tocca-quota-171-si_a_23442807/ "Si rafforzano i numeri di Conte al Senato, tocca quota 171 sì"].</ref> who later joined the MAIE, and one deputy of Forza Italia (FI), who sarcastically voted in favour of it.<ref>[http://www.lastampa.it/2018/06/06/italia/sgarbi-vota-la-fiducia-a-conte-perch-dove-c-disordine-io-prospero-fTuryZq0F2IlkOKURTVYsL/pagina.html "Sgarbi vota la fiducia a Conte"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612121923/http://www.lastampa.it/2018/06/06/italia/sgarbi-vota-la-fiducia-a-conte-perch-dove-c-disordine-io-prospero-fTuryZq0F2IlkOKURTVYsL/pagina.html |date=12 June 2018 }}.</ref> Ricardo Merlo, the leader of MAIE, was also named Undersecretary to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs on 12 June 2018. The government was also supported by the National Movement for Sovereignty (MNpS), the Sardinian Action Party (PSdA), and the Italian Liberal Party (PLI), whose senators sat in the Lega group. Brothers of Italy (FdI),<ref>[http://www.secoloditalia.it/2018/06/meloni-astensione-sulla-fiducia-ma-voteremo-i-provvedimenti-buoni "Meloni: «Astensione sulla fiducia, ma voteremo i provvedimenti buoni»"].</ref> the parties representing linguistic minorities, such as the Valdostan Union (UV), South Tyrolean People's Party (SVP), and Trentino Tyrolean Autonomist Party (PATT), and one deputy from USEI did not support the government but affirmed their willingness to vote for measures that reflect their respective ideologies.<ref>[https://www.ilfattoquotidiano.it/2018/06/05/governo-conte-i-numeri-dei-voti-di-fiducia-la-maggioranza-senza-pensieri-anche-grazie-a-ex-m5s-e-sudamericani/4403141/ "Governo Conte, i numeri dei voti di fiducia: la maggioranza senza pensieri (anche grazie a ex M5s e sudamericani)"].</ref>
== History == === Background and formation === {{see also|2018 Italian general election|2018 Italian government formation}} [[File:Sergio Mattarella and Giuseppe Conte.jpg|thumb|260px|Giuseppe Conte with President Sergio Mattarella at the Quirinal Palace]] The March 2018 general election resulted in a hung parliament.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.corriere.it/elezioni-2018/notizie/elezioni-2018-exit-poll-risultati-proiezioni-spoglio-eb21387e-1ff1-11e8-a09a-92b478235f6f.shtml|title=Elezioni 2018: M5S primo partito, nel centrodestra la Lega supera FI|first=Alessandro|last=Sala|work=Corriere della Sera|language=it|year=2018}}</ref> The M5S led by Luigi Di Maio resulted as the party with the largest number of votes and parliamentary seats, whereas the centre-right coalition in which Salvini's Lega emerged as the main political force won a plurality of seats both in the Chamber of Deputies and in the Senate of the Republic. The centre-left coalition, built around the Democratic Party (PD) led by former Prime Minister Matteo Renzi, came third.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.repubblica.it/speciali/politica/elezioni2018/2018/03/04/news/risultati_elezioni_politiche_pd_centrodestra_m5s_fi_lega-190424815/?ref=RHPPTP-BL-I0-C12-P1-S1.12-T1|title=Elezioni politiche: vincono M5s e Lega. Crollo del Partito democratico. Centrodestra prima coalizione. Il Carroccio sorpassa Forza Italia|date=4 March 2018|access-date=26 May 2018|work=la Repubblica|language=it}}</ref> On 9 May, after weeks of political deadlock and failing attempts to form a cabinet, including possible M5S–centre-right coalition and M5S–PD coalitions, Di Maio and Salvini officially requested President Sergio Mattarella to concede them 24 hours more to strike a government agreement between their two parties.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.ft.com/content/b253e5a4-53a0-11e8-b3ee-41e0209208ec|newspaper=Financial Times|access-date=9 May 2018|date=9 May 2018|title=Italy's populist parties given 24 hours to avert fresh elections|url-access=limited}}</ref> In the evening, Silvio Berlusconi publicly announced that Forza Italia (FI) would not support a M5S–Lega government on a vote of confidence but would still maintain the centre-right coalition, thus opening the door to a possible majority government between the two parties.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.repubblica.it/politica/2018/05/09/news/governo_salvini_ci_provero_fino_all_ultimo_-195890439/|newspaper=La Repubblica|publisher=GEDI Gruppo Editoriale|access-date=9 May 2018|date=9 May 2018|title=Governo M5S-Lega, Berlusconi: nessun veto all'intesa ma no alla fiducia|language=it}}</ref>
On 13 May, the M5S and Lega reached an agreement on a government program; however, they did not find an agreement regarding their proposal for the Prime Minister and the ministers. The M5S and Lega leaders met with President Mattarella on 14 May and asked for an additional week of negotiations.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.marketwatch.com/story/italys-populist-5-star-league-parties-reach-deal-on-government-program-2018-05-13 |website=MarketWatch |date=13 May 2018 |title=Italy's populist 5 Star, League parties reach deal on government program}}</ref> Both parties announced they would ask their respective members to vote on the government agreement by the following weekend.<ref name="rai">{{cite news |url=http://www.rainews.it/dl/rainews/articoli/Giuseppe-Conte-un-giurista-per-il-governo-del-cambiamento-LEga-M5S-DI-Maio-premier-un-amico-del-popolo-59393a99-ea98-40d0-91bf-f915e9d5127c.html |title=Giuseppe Conte, un giurista per governo del cambiamento. Di Maio: Premier sarà un amico del popolo |date=21 May 2018 |work=RAInews |language=it}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.repubblica.it/politica/2018/05/21/news/consultazioni_mattarella_convoca_m5s_alle_17_30_e_lega_alle_18-196958844/?ref=RHPPLF-BL-I0-C8-P1-S1.8-T1|title=M5s e Lega da Mattarella. Di Maio: "Conte premier di governo politico". Salvini: "Interesse italiani al centro"|trans-title=M5s & League visit Mattarella. Di Maio: 'Conte will be prime minister of a political government'. Salvini: 'The Italian people's profit in the centre'|date=21 May 2018|access-date=24 May 2018|newspaper=La Repubblica|publisher=GEDI Gruppo Editoriale|language=it}}</ref> On 21 May, Conte (a private law professor and M5S advisor) was proposed by Di Maio and Salvini for the role of Prime Minister.<ref>[http://formiche.net/2018/02/giuseppe-conte-scelto-luigi-maio-la-squadra-governo/ "Chi è Giuseppe Conte, scelto da Luigi Di Maio per la possibile squadra di governo"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612141200/http://formiche.net/2018/02/giuseppe-conte-scelto-luigi-maio-la-squadra-governo/ |date=12 June 2018 }}.</ref><ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-44197351 "Italy populist government pact: Candidate for prime minister named"].</ref><ref>[https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/may/21/italy-populist-coalition-set-to-name-political-novice-as-pm-nominee "Italian president in talks as populist parties put forward novice for PM"].</ref>
Despite reports in the media suggesting that President Mattarella had significant reservations about the direction of the new government,<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/2018/05/21/world/europe/italy-government-giuseppe-conte-di-maio.html "Italy's Populists Move Closer to Power, With Little-Known Pick for Prime Minister"].</ref> Conte was invited at the Quirinal Palace to receive the presidential mandate to form a new cabinet on 23 May.<ref>[https://abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory/latest-populists-premier-presidential-mandate-55386036 "The Latest: Populists' premier gets presidential mandate"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180524005429/https://abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory/latest-populists-premier-presidential-mandate-55386036 |date=24 May 2018 }}.</ref><ref>[http://www.repubblica.it/politica/2018/05/23/news/governo_conte_torna_in_bilico_tempi_piu_lunghi_mattarella_vuole_riflettere-197118162/?ref=RHPPLF-BL-I0-C8-P1-S1.8-T1 "Conte giunto al Quirinale per l'incarico"].</ref> In his statement after the appointment, Conte said that he would be the "defense attorney of Italian people".<ref>[http://www.tgcom24.mediaset.it/politica/governo-mattarella-conferisce-a-conte-l-incarico-saro-l-avvocato-difensore-degli-italiani-_3141680-201802a.shtml "Governo, Mattarella conferisce a Conte l'incarico: "Sarò l'avvocato difensore degli italiani"].</ref> The next day, Conte held talks with all the parliamentary parties; the government formation was soon stuck on the appointment of Paolo Savona as Minister of Economy and Finance, which was unfavoured by President Mattarella,<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.cnbc.com/2018/05/27/italy-president-under-pressure-to-accept-euroskeptic-minister.html|publisher=CNBC|access-date=27 May 2018|date=27 May 2018|title=Italy president under pressure to accept euroskeptic minister}}</ref> who considered his alleged support for Italy's covert exit from the euro as an overwhelming risk for the country's economy. On 27 May, President Mattarella refused to appoint Savona, and Conte renounced his task after days of negotiation and an ultimatum by the two party leaders on Savona's nomination.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-44275010|work=BBC News|access-date=27 May 2018|date=27 May 2018|title=Italy PM-designate Conte gives up bid for government}}</ref><ref>[http://www.quirinale.it/elementi/Continua.aspx?tipo=Discorso&key=833 "Dichiarazione del Presidente della Repubblica Sergio Mattarella al termine del colloquio con il professor Giuseppe Conte"].</ref><ref>[http://www.repubblica.it/politica/2018/05/27/news/governo_conte_mattarella_savona-197450521/ "Governo, Conte rimette l'incarico. M5S: "Il Colle ha posto veto su Savona". Il leader leghista: "Torniamo al voto"].</ref>
thumb|260px|The government at the Quirinal Palace for the oath On 28 May, President Mattarella summoned Carlo Cottarelli (a former director of the International Monetary Fund) and gave him the task to form a new government.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.tgcom24.mediaset.it/politica/governo-carlo-cottarelli-convocato-al-colle-lunedi-mattina_3142574-201802a.shtml|publisher=TGCom|access-date=27 May 2018|date=27 May 2018|title=Governo, Carlo Cottarelli convocato al Colle lunedì mattina|language=it}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{cite news|url=http://www.repubblica.it/politica/2018/05/28/news/salvini_radio_capital_centrodestra-197543015/?ref=RHPPTP-BL-I0-C12-P1-S1.12-T1|title=Cottarelli accetta l'incarico: "Senza fiducia il Paese al voto dopo agosto"|date=28 May 2018|work=la Repubblica|access-date=28 May 2018|language=it}}</ref> On the same day, the PD announced that it would abstain from voting the confidence to Cottarelli while the M5S, Lega, FI, and FdI announced that they would have voted against.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.repubblica.it/politica/2018/05/28/news/salvini_se_berlusconi_lo_vota_addio_alleanza_-197549039/?ref=RHPPTP-BH-I0-C12-P2-S1.12-T2|title=Berlusconi: "No alla fiducia e centrodestra unito al voto". Ma Salvini: "Alleanza con Fi? Ci penserò"|date=28 May 2018|work=la Repubblica|access-date=29 May 2018|language=it}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.repubblica.it/politica/2018/05/28/news/franceschini_pd_renzi_martina-197570543/?ref=RHPPTP-BH-I0-C12-P2-S1.12-T1|title=Pd, Martina: "Fiducia a Cottarelli". Renzi: "Salviamo il Paese". E i dem: manifestazione nazionale a Roma il 1° giugno|date=28 May 2018|work=la Repubblica.|access-date=29 May 2018|language=it}}</ref> Cottarelli was expected to submit his list of ministers for approval to President Mattarella on 29 May; however, he held only informal consultations with the Italian President on 29 and 30 May, awaiting the possible formation of a "political government".<ref name=":1">{{cite news|url=https://roma.corriere.it/notizie/politica/18_maggio_30/governo-cottarelli-quirinale-mattarella-61982f12-63d6-11e8-9b4c-0d37dd8c9cfa.shtml|title=Incontro informale in corso tra Cottarelli e MattarellaI tre scenari possibili|last=Online|first=Redazione|work=Corriere della Sera|access-date=30 May 2018|language=it}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{cite news|url=http://www.repubblica.it/politica/2018/05/30/news/trattativa_m5s_lega_cottarelli_colle-197707709/?ref=RHPPTP-BH-I0-C12-P2-S1.12-T1|title=Governo, Cottarelli vede Mattarella. Ora al lavoro alla Camera. Riparte la trattativa giallo-verde|date=30 May 2018|work=la Repubblica|access-date=30 May 2018|language=it}}</ref> Meanwhile, Di Maio and Salvini announced their willingness to restart negotiations to form a "political government" and Giorgia Meloni (FdI leader) gave them her support.<ref name=":1"/><ref name=":2"/><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.repubblica.it/politica/2018/05/29/news/di_maio_spero_voto_prima_possibile_ma_pronti_a_collaborare_con_mattarella_-197682177/?ref=RHPPTP-BH-I0-C12-P2-S1.12-T1|title=Di Maio: "Impeachment non più sul tavolo". E si riapre l'ipotesi di un governo Lega-M5s|date=29 May 2018|work=la Repubblica|access-date=30 May 2018|language=it}}</ref>
On 31 May, the M5S and Lega announced their new agreement on a Conte-led government with Giovanni Tria as Minister of Economy and Finance and Savona as Minister of European Affairs.<ref>[http://www.repubblica.it/politica/2018/05/31/news/governo_m5s_lega-197794180/ "Lega-5Stelle, intesa sui ministri. Di Maio-Salvini: "Ci sono le condizioni per un governo politico". Tria all'Economia"].</ref><ref name="rainews">{{cite news|url=http://www.rainews.it/dl/rainews/articoli/Giuseppe-Conte-riceve-e-accetta-incarico-Presentata-a-Mattarella-la-lista-dei-ministri-1d8b9d38-c0c1-40c1-a6e9-44558da0fe1a.html|title=Nasce il governo Conte. Presentata a Mattarella la lista dei ministri. Di Maio e Salvini vicepremier|work=RaiNews|language=it|date=1 June 2018|access-date=1 June 2018}}</ref> Subsequently, President Mattarella summoned for the second time Conte, who announced the list of ministers.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.lastampa.it/2018/05/30/italia/di-maio-e-limpeachment-abbiamo-sbagliato-tutto-eYVwWQI5OOzEYk6c46SA6K/pagina.html|title=Di Maio e l'impeachment "Abbiamo sbagliato tutto"|website=LaStampa.it|date=30 May 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.huffingtonpost.it/2018/05/24/tre-ministeri-ballerini-savona-blindato-alleconomia-tre-grandi-nodi-esteri-infrastrutture-sviluppo-lavoro_a_23442554/|title=Tre ministeri ballerini (di G. Cerami e A. Mauro)|date=24 May 2018|website=L’Huffington Post}}</ref> On 1 June, Prime Minister Conte and his ministers took their oaths of office and were sworn in.<ref>[https://www.thelocal.it/20180601/italy-prepares-to-swear-in-first-fully-populist-government "Italy swears in first fully populist government"].</ref> On 5 June, the Senate of the Republic approved the new government in a vote of confidence.<ref>[https://www.reuters.com/article/italy-politics-confidence-vote/italys-new-government-wins-first-confidence-vote-in-senate-idUSR1N1SG02K "Italy's new government wins first confidence vote in Senate"].</ref> On 6 June, the government was confirmed following the vote of confidence in the Chamber of Deputies.<ref>[https://www.usnews.com/news/world/articles/2018-06-06/italys-new-government-wins-confidence-vote-in-chamber-of-deputies "Italy's New Government Wins Confidence Vote in Chamber of Deputies"].</ref> On 12 June, the cabinet appointed 6 deputy ministers and 39 undersecretaries.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.repubblica.it/politica/2018/06/12/news/goerno_ministri_e_sottosegretari-198851347/|title=Governo, sei viceministri e 39 sottosegretari: ecco i nomi|date=12 June 2018|work=la Repubblica|access-date=13 June 2018|language=it}}</ref><ref>[http://www.ilsole24ore.com/art/notizie/2018-06-12/governo-fraccaro-nominati-6-viceministri-e-39-sottosegretari-195215.shtml?uuid=AEWmD24E "Governo Conte: Castelli (M5S) e Garavaglia (Lega) vice di Tria al Mef. In tutto 39 sottosegretari e 6 viceministri"].</ref><ref>[https://www.avvenire.it/attualita/pagine/governo-conte-lega-m5s-sottosegretari "Giurano i sottosegretari. Ora il governo è al completo (11 donne su 65)"].</ref><ref>[https://www.wired.it/attualita/politica/2018/06/13/governo-conte-nomine/?refresh_ce= "Governo Conte, le nomine di 39 sottosegretari e 6 viceministri"].</ref> Of all these appointments, 25 were members of the M5S, 17 were Lega members, two were non-party independents, and one was a member of the MAIE.<ref>[https://www.agi.it/politica/governo_lega_m5s_sottosegretari_viceministri-4022656/news/2018-06-13/ "La squadra di governo è completa: tutte le nomine fatte da Lega e M5s"].</ref> The M5S received four deputy ministers while Lega received two.<ref>[https://www.corriere.it/politica/18_giugno_12/intesa-lega-m5s-sottosegretari-acfd2516-6e49-11e8-8b7a-7cd126a9fdbd.shtml "Lega-M5S: Di Maio si tiene le telecomunicazioni"].</ref>
=== Investiture votes === On 5 June 2018, the first Conte government was granted the confidence of the Senate of the Republic by receiving 171 votes in favour and 117 votes against (25 senators abstained; 7 senators did not vote, among which 6 were absent).<ref>{{cite web |title=Legislatura 18ª - Aula - Resoconto stenografico della seduta n. 009 del 05/06/2018 |url=http://www.senato.it/japp/bgt/showdoc/frame.jsp?tipodoc=Resaula&leg=18&id=1067706&part=doc_dc-ressten_rs |website=www.senato.it |date=5 June 2018 |access-date=31 July 2019 |language=it}}</ref> Senators for life, such as Elena Cattaneo, Mario Monti, and Liliana Segre, abstained while Carlo Rubbia, Renzo Piano, and Giorgio Napolitano did not vote. On 6 June 2018, the Government of Change received the confidence of the Chamber of Deputies by receiving 350 votes in favor and 236 votes against (35 deputies abstained; 8 deputies did not vote, among which 5 were absent).<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.camera.it/leg18/410?idSeduta=0012&tipo=stenografico#sed0012.stenografico.tit00060.sub00030|title=Resoconto stenografico dell'Assemblea Seduta n. 12 di mercoledì 6 giugno 2018 (Definitivo)|date=6 June 2018|website=Camera dei Deputati|language=it|access-date=6 June 2018}}</ref>
{|class="wikitable" style="font-size:85%;" |- !colspan="4"|{{center|5–6 June 2018<br />Investiture votes for Conte I Cabinet}} |- !width="120"|House of Parliament !width="60"|Vote !width="300"|Parties !width="80" align="center"|Votes |- !rowspan="3"|Senate of the Republic<br />{{nobold|{{small|(Voting: 313{{efn|''Absent'' (4): {{small|FI (3), Others (1)}}<br />''On institutional leave'' (2): {{small|Aut (1), Others (1)}}<br />''President'' (1)}} of 320,<br />Majority: 145)}}}} |{{tick}} '''Yes''' || M5S (109), Lega (58), MAIE (2), Others (2) || {{composition bar|171|313|hex=green}} |- |{{cross}} '''No''' || FI (57), PD (52), LeU (4), Aut (2), PSI (1), +Eu (1) || {{composition bar|117|313|hex=red}} |- |'''Abstention''' || FdI (18), Aut (5), Others (2) || {{composition bar|25|313|hex=#C0C0C0}} |- !rowspan="3" |Chamber of Deputies<br />{{nobold|{{small|(Voting: 621{{efn|''Absent'' (5): {{small|FI (2), FdI (1), M5S (1), PD (1)}}<br />''On institutional leave'' (2): {{small|FdI (1), M5S (1)}}}} of 628,<br />Majority: 294)}}}} |{{tick}} '''Yes''' || M5S (219), Lega (124), MAIE (6), FI (1) || {{composition bar|350|621|hex=green}} |- |{{cross}} '''No''' || PD (110), FI (102), LeU (14), CP–AP–PSI–AC (4), NcI (3), +Eu–CD (3) || {{composition bar|236|621|hex=red}} |- |'''Abstention''' || FdI (30), SVP–PATT (4), USEI (1) || {{composition bar|35|621|hex=#C0C0C0}} |} {{notelist}}
=== Resignation === {{main|2019 Italian government crisis|Second Conte government}}
Conte announced his resignation on 20 August 2019, averting a no-confidence vote promoted by Salvini.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/08/20/world/europe/italy-pm-giuseppe-conte-resign.html|title=Italy's Prime Minister, Giuseppe Conte, Resigns, Turning Chaos Into Uncertainty|work=The New York Times|date=2019-08-20|access-date=2019-08-20}}</ref> The same day, President Sergio Mattarella accepted Conte's resignation and announced consultations with party leaders for the next two days.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-italy-politics-president-decision/italys-president-accepts-contes-resignation-calls-for-consultations-idUSKCN1VA22L|title=Italy's president accepts Conte's resignation, calls for consultations|publisher=Reuters|date=2019-08-20|access-date=2019-08-22}}</ref> On August 22, Mattarella said some parties were trying to form "a solid majority" and he gave these political parties unti l27 August to report back to him, after which he would hold two more days of consultations.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-italy-politics-president/italys-president-gives-parties-to-tuesday-to-build-majority-idUSKCN1VC0N6|title=Italy's president gives parties to Tuesday to build majority|publisher=Reuters|date=2019-08-22|access-date=2019-08-22}}</ref> On 29 August, Mattarella tasked Conte with the formation of a new cabinet, a coalition of the M5S and the PD, which became known as the "yellow-red government" ({{lang|it|governo rossoverde}}) due to their party colours. As customary, the Prime Minister-designate reserved the right to accept the mandate, pending further talks with both parties.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ansa.it/english/news/politics/2019/08/29/mattarella-gives-conte-mandate_de5c7f54-978c-4ac7-88e8-bae156d12cba.html|title=Mattarella gives Conte mandate|publisher=ANSA|date=29 August 2019|access-date=29 August 2019}}</ref>
== Party breakdown ==
=== Beginning of term === ==== Ministers ==== {| |- | * Five Star Movement |<div style="border: 1px solid #aaa; background: {{party color|Five Star Movement}}; padding-right: 3px; text-align: right; font-size: 95%; font-weight: bold; color:black; width: 160px;">8</div> |- | * League |<div style="border: 1px solid #aaa; background: {{party color|Lega Nord}}; padding-right: 3px; text-align: right; font-size: 95%; font-weight: bold; color:white; width: 100px;">5</div> |- | * Independents |<div style="border: 1px solid #aaa; background: {{party color|Independent (politician)}}; padding-right: 3px; text-align: right; font-size: 95%; font-weight: bold; color:black; width: 120px;">6</div> |}
==== Ministers and other members ==== * Five Star Movement (M5S): 8 ministers, 4 deputy ministers, 21 undersecretaries * League (Lega): 5 ministers, 3 deputy ministers, 15 undersecretaries * Associative Movement of Italians Abroad (MAIE): 1 undersecretary * Independents: Prime minister, 5 ministers, 2 undersecretaries
=== End of term === ==== Ministers ==== {| |- | * Five Star Movement |<div style="border: 1px solid #aaa; background: {{party color|Five Star Movement}}; padding-right: 3px; text-align: right; font-size: 95%; font-weight: bold; color:black; width: 160px;">8</div> |- | * League |<div style="border: 1px solid #aaa; background: {{party color|Lega Nord}}; padding-right: 3px; text-align: right; font-size: 95%; font-weight: bold; color:white; width: 120px;">6</div> |- | * Independents |<div style="border: 1px solid #aaa; background: {{party color|Independent (politician)}}; padding-right: 3px; text-align: right; font-size: 95%; font-weight: bold; color:black; width: 100px;">5</div> |}
==== Ministers and other members ==== * Five Star Movement (M5S): 8 ministers, 4 deputy ministers, 21 undersecretaries * League (Lega): 6 ministers, 3 deputy ministers, 15 undersecretaries * Associative Movement of Italians Abroad (MAIE): 1 undersecretary * Independents: Prime minister, 4 ministers, 2 undersecretaries
== Geographical breakdown == [[File:Regional_Composition_of_the_Italian_Council_of_Ministers_(Conte_Cabinet).svg|alt=|288x288px|thumb|A choropleth map showing how many ministers are from each region of Italy. ]]
=== Beginning of term === * Northern Italy: 9 ministers **Lombardy: 6 ministers ** Veneto: 3 ministers * Central Italy: 2 ministers ** Lazio: 2 ministers * Southern and Insular Italy: 8 ministers (including Conte) ** Sicily: 3 ministers ** Apulia: 2 ministers (including Conte) ** Campania: 2 ministers ** Sardinia: 1 minister
=== End of term === * Northern Italy: 10 ministers **Lombardy: 7 ministers ** Veneto: 3 ministers * Central Italy: 2 ministers ** Lazio: 2 ministers * Southern and Insular Italy: 7 ministers (including Conte) ** Sicily: 3 ministers ** Apulia: 2 ministers (including Conte) ** Campania: 2 ministers
== Council of Ministers ==
{|class="wikitable" style="font-size: 100%;" |- !Office !Name !colspan=2|Party !Term |- |colspan="5"| |- !Prime Minister |Giuseppe Conte |style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Independent (politician)}}" | |Independent{{efn|name=fn1|Proposed by the Five Star Movement}} |{{nowrap|2018–2019}} |- |colspan="5"| |- !rowspan=2|Deputy Prime Minister |Matteo Salvini |style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Lega Nord}}"| |League |{{nowrap|2018–2019}} |- |Luigi Di Maio |style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Five Star Movement}}"| |{{nowrap|Five Star Movement}} |{{nowrap|2018–2019}} |- |colspan="5"| |- !|Minister of Foreign Affairs |{{nowrap|Enzo Moavero Milanesi{{efn|name=fn3|Replacing in the second selection original candidate Luca Giansanti (independent)}}}} |style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Independent (politician)}}"| |Independent |{{nowrap|2018–2019}} |- !Minister of the Interior |Matteo Salvini |style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Lega Nord}}"| |League |{{nowrap|2018–2019}} |- !Minister of Justice |Alfonso Bonafede |style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Five Star Movement}}"| |Five Star Movement |{{nowrap|2018–2019}} |- !Minister of Defence |Elisabetta Trenta |style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Five Star Movement}}"| |Five Star Movement |{{nowrap|2018–2019}} |- !Minister of Economy and Finance |Giovanni Tria{{efn|Chosen after original candidate Paolo Savona was rejected by President Sergio Mattarella}} |style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Independent (politician)}}"| |Independent |{{nowrap|2018–2019}} |- !{{nowrap|Minister of Economic Development, Labour and Social Policies}} |Luigi Di Maio |style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Five Star Movement}}"| |Five Star Movement |{{nowrap|2018–2019}} |- !Minister of Agriculture and Tourism |Gian Marco Centinaio |style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Lega Nord}}"| |League |{{nowrap|2018–2019}} |- !Minister of the Environment |Sergio Costa |style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Independent (politician)}}"| |Independent{{efn|name=fn1}} |{{nowrap|2018–2019}} |- !Minister of Infrastructure and Transport |Danilo Toninelli{{efn|name=fn5|Replacing in the second selection original candidate Mauro Coltorti (M5S).}} |style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Five Star Movement}}"| |Five Star Movement |{{nowrap|2018–2019}} |- !Minister of Education, University and Research |Marco Bussetti |style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Independent (politician)}}"| |Independent{{efn|name=fn4|Proposed by the League}} |{{nowrap|2018–2019}} |- !Minister of Cultural Heritage and Activities |Alberto Bonisoli |style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Five Star Movement}}"| |Five Star Movement |{{nowrap|2018–2019}} |- !Minister of Health |Giulia Grillo |style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Five Star Movement}}"| |Five Star Movement |{{nowrap|2018–2019}} |- | colspan="5"| |- !Minister for Parliamentary Relations and Direct Democracy |Riccardo Fraccaro |style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Five Star Movement}}"| |Five Star Movement |{{nowrap|2018–2019}} |- !Minister of Public Administration |Giulia Bongiorno |style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Lega Nord}}"| |League |{{nowrap|2018–2019}} |- !Minister of Regional Affairs |Erika Stefani |style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Lega Nord}}"| |League |{{nowrap|2018–2019}} |- !Minister for the South |Barbara Lezzi |style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Five Star Movement}}"| |Five Star Movement |{{nowrap|2018–2019}} |- !rowspan="2"|Minister for Family and Disability |Lorenzo Fontana |style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Lega Nord}}"| |League |{{nowrap|2018–2019}} |- |Alessandra Locatelli |style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Lega Nord}}"| |League |{{nowrap|2019}} |- !rowspan="2"|Minister of European Affairs |Paolo Savona |style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Independent (politician)}}"| |Independent |{{nowrap|2018–2019}} |- |Lorenzo Fontana |style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Lega Nord}}"| |League |{{nowrap|2019}} |- |colspan="5"| |- !Secretary of the Council of Ministers |Giancarlo Giorgetti |style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Lega Nord}}"| |League |{{nowrap|2018–2019}} |} {{notelist}}
== Composition == {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- ! width=15%| Office ! width=1% |Portrait ! width=15%| Name ! width=20%| Term of office ! width=15% colspan=2| Party |- !rowspan=2|Prime Minister |90px |'''Giuseppe Conte''' |1 June 2018 – 5 September 2019 |bgcolor="{{party color|Independent politician}}" width=1%| |Independent |- | colspan="5" style="font-size:95%; line-height:19px;"| {{hidden|Undersecretaries|headerstyle=background:#EEEEEE;| *Giancarlo Giorgetti (Lega) – Delegated to Sport, to the CIPE, to the Implementation of the Government Program, to Space and Aerospace Policies and to Sports Betting *Vito Crimi (M5S) – Delegated to Publishing and Information, and to the Policies aimed at the Reconstruction of Earthquake Areas *Vincenzo Spadafora (M5S) – Delegated to equal Opportunities, Youth, and National Civil Service }} |- ! colspan=6| |- !rowspan=2|Deputy Prime Minister |90px |'''Matteo Salvini''' |1 June 2018 – 5 September 2019 |bgcolor="{{party color|Lega Nord}}" width=1%| |League |- |90px |'''Luigi Di Maio''' |1 June 2018 – 5 September 2019 |bgcolor="{{party color|Five Star Movement}}" width=1%| |Five Star Movement |- ! colspan=6| |- !rowspan=2|Minister of Foreign Affairs |90px |'''Enzo Moavero Milanesi''' |1 June 2018 – 5 September 2019 |bgcolor="{{party color|Independent politician}}" width=1%| |Independent |- | colspan="5" style="font-size:95%; line-height:19px;"| {{hidden|Deputy Minister|headerstyle=background:#EEEEEE;| *Emanuela Del Re (M5S) }} {{hidden|Undersecretaries|headerstyle=background:#EEEEEE;| *Manlio Di Stefano (M5S) *Ricardo Merlo (MAIE) *Guglielmo Picchi (Lega) }} |- !rowspan=2|Minister of the Interior |90px |'''Matteo Salvini''' |1 June 2018 – 5 September 2019 |bgcolor="{{party color|Lega Nord}}" width=1%| |League |- | colspan="5" style="font-size:95%; line-height:19px;"| {{hidden|Deputy Minister|headerstyle=background:#EEEEEE;| *Stefano Candiani (Lega) }} {{hidden|Undersecretaries|headerstyle=background:#EEEEEE;| *Luigi Gaetti (M5S) *Nicola Molteni (Lega) *Carlo Sibilia (M5S) }} |- !rowspan=2|Minister of Justice |90px |'''Alfonso Bonafede''' |1 June 2018 – 5 September 2019 |style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Five Star Movement}}"| |Five Star Movement |- | colspan="5" style="font-size:95%; line-height:19px;"| {{hidden|Undersecretaries|headerstyle=background:#EEEEEE;| *Vittorio Ferraresi (M5S) *Jacopo Morrone (Lega) }} |- !rowspan=2|Minister of Defence |90px |'''Elisabetta Trenta''' |1 June 2018 – 5 September 2019 |style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Five Star Movement}}"| |Five Star Movement |- | colspan="5" style="font-size:95%; line-height:19px;"| {{hidden|Undersecretaries|headerstyle=background:#EEEEEE;| *Angelo Tofalo (M5S) *Raffaele Volpi (Lega) }} |- !rowspan=2|Minister of Economy and Finance |90px |'''Giovanni Tria''' |1 June 2018 – 5 September 2019 |bgcolor="{{party color|Independent politician}}" width=1%| |Independent |- | colspan="5" style="font-size:95%; line-height:19px;"| {{hidden|Deputy Ministers|headerstyle=background:#EEEEEE;| *Laura Castelli (M5S) *Massimo Garavaglia (Lega) }} {{hidden|Undersecretaries|headerstyle=background:#EEEEEE;| *Massimo Bitonci (Lega) *Alessio Villarosa (M5S) }} |- !rowspan=2|Minister of Economic Development, Labour and Social Policies |90px |'''Luigi Di Maio''' |1 June 2018 – 5 September 2019 |bgcolor="{{party color|Five Star Movement}}" width=1%| |Five Star Movement |- | colspan="5" style="font-size:95%; line-height:19px;"| {{hidden|Deputy Minister|headerstyle=background:#EEEEEE;| *Dario Galli (Lega) – Economic Development }} {{hidden|Undersecretaries|headerstyle=background:#EEEEEE;| *Andrea Cioffi (M5S) – Economic Development *Davide Crippa (M5S) – Economic Development *Michele Geraci (Ind.) – Economic Development *Claudio Cominardi (M5S) – Labour and Social Policies *Claudio Durigon (Lega) – Labour and Social Policies }} |- !rowspan=2|Minister of Agriculture and Tourism |90px |'''Gian Marco Centinaio''' |1 June 2018 – 5 September 2019 |bgcolor="{{party color|Lega Nord}}" width=1%| |League |- | colspan="5" style="font-size:95%; line-height:19px;"| {{hidden|Undersecretaries|headerstyle=background:#EEEEEE;| *Franco Manzato (Lega) *Alessandra Pesce (M5S) }} |- !rowspan=2|Minister of the Environment |90px |'''Sergio Costa''' |1 June 2018 – 5 September 2019 |style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Independent politician}}"| |Independent |- | colspan="5" style="font-size:95%; line-height:19px;"| {{hidden|Undersecretaries|headerstyle=background:#EEEEEE;| *Vannia Gava (Lega) *Salvatore Micillo (M5S) }} |- !rowspan=2|Minister of Infrastructure and Transport |90px |'''Danilo Toninelli''' |1 June 2018 – 5 September 2019 |bgcolor="{{party color|Five Star Movement}}" width=1%| |Five Star Movement |- | colspan="5" style="font-size:95%; line-height:19px;"| {{hidden|Deputy Minister|headerstyle=background:#EEEEEE;| *Edoardo Rixi (Lega) (until 30 May 2019) }} {{hidden|Undersecretaries|headerstyle=background:#EEEEEE;| *Michele Dell'Orco (M5S) *Armando Siri (Lega) (until 8 May 2019) }} |- !rowspan=2|Minister of Education, University and Research |90px |'''Marco Bussetti''' |1 June 2018 – 5 September 2019 |bgcolor="{{party color|Independent politician}}" width=1%| |Independent |- | colspan="5" style="font-size:95%; line-height:19px;"| {{hidden|Deputy Minister|headerstyle=background:#EEEEEE;| *Lorenzo Fioramonti (M5S) }} {{hidden|Undersecretaries|headerstyle=background:#EEEEEE;| *Salvatore Giuliano (M5S) }} |- !rowspan=2|Minister of Cultural Heritage and Activities |90px |'''Alberto Bonisoli''' |1 June 2018 – 5 September 2019 |bgcolor="{{party color|Five Star Movement}}" width=1%| |Five Star Movement |- | colspan="5" style="font-size:95%; line-height:19px;"| {{hidden|Undersecretaries|headerstyle=background:#EEEEEE;| *Lucia Borgonzoni (Lega) *Gianluca Vacca (M5S) }} |- !rowspan=2|Minister of Health |90px |'''Giulia Grillo''' |1 June 2018 – 5 September 2019 |bgcolor="{{party color|Five Star Movement}}" width=1%| |Five Star Movement |- | colspan="5" style="font-size:95%; line-height:19px;"| {{hidden|Undersecretaries|headerstyle=background:#EEEEEE;| *Armando Bartolazzi (M5S) *Maurizio Fugatti (Lega) (until 9 November 2018) *Luca Coletto (Lega) (since 29 November 2018) }} |- !colspan=6| |- !rowspan=2|Minister for Parliamentary Relations and Direct Democracy<br>{{small|''(without portfolio)''}} |90px |'''Riccardo Fraccaro''' |1 June 2018 – 5 September 2019 |style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Five Star Movement}}"| |Five Star Movement |- | colspan="5" style="font-size:95%; line-height:19px;"| {{hidden|Undersecretaries|headerstyle=background:#EEEEEE;| *Guido Guidesi (Lega) *Vincenzo Santangelo (M5S) *Simone Valente (M5S) }} |- !rowspan=2|Minister of Public Administration<br>{{small|''(without portfolio)''}} |90px |'''Giulia Bongiorno''' |1 June 2018 – 5 September 2019 |bgcolor="{{party color|Lega Nord}}" width=1%| |League |- | colspan="5" style="font-size:95%; line-height:19px;"| {{hidden|Undersecretaries|headerstyle=background:#EEEEEE;| *Mattia Fantinati (M5S) }} |- !rowspan=2|Minister of Regional Affairs and Autonomies<br>{{small|''(without portfolio)''}} |90px |'''Erika Stefani''' |1 June 2018 – 5 September 2019 |bgcolor="{{party color|Lega Nord}}" width=1%| |League |- | colspan="5" style="font-size:95%; line-height:19px;"| {{hidden|Undersecretaries|headerstyle=background:#EEEEEE;| *Stefano Buffagni (M5S) }} |- !rowspan=2|Minister for the South<br>{{small|''(without portfolio)''}} |90px |'''Barbara Lezzi''' |1 June 2018 – 5 September 2019 |style="color:inherit;background:{{party color|Five Star Movement}}"| |Five Star Movement |- | colspan="5" style="font-size:95%; line-height:19px;"| {{hidden|Undersecretaries|headerstyle=background:#EEEEEE;| *Giuseppina Castiello (Lega) }} |- !rowspan=3|Minister for Family and Disability<br>{{small|''(without portfolio)''}} |90px |'''Lorenzo Fontana''' |1 June 2018 – 10 July 2019{{efn|Fontana resigned to become Minister of European Affairs.}} |bgcolor="{{party color|Lega Nord}}" width=1%| |League |- |90px |'''Alessandra Locatelli''' |10 July 2019 – 5 September 2019 |bgcolor="{{party color|Lega Nord}}" width=1%| |League |- | colspan="5" style="font-size:95%; line-height:19px;"| {{hidden|Undersecretaries|headerstyle=background:#EEEEEE;| *Vincenzo Zoccano (M5S) }} |- !rowspan=4|Minister of European Affairs<br>{{small|''(without portfolio)''}} |90px |'''Paolo Savona''' |1 June 2018 – 8 March 2019{{efn|Savona resigned to become President of the Italian Companies and Exchange Commission, the government authority responsible for regulating the Italian securities market.}} |bgcolor="{{party color|Independent politician}}" width=1%| |Independent |- |90px |'''Giuseppe Conte'''<br>{{small|''(Acting)''}} |8 March 2019 – 10 July 2019 |bgcolor="{{party color|Independent politician}}" width=1%| |Independent |- |90px |'''Lorenzo Fontana''' |10 July 2019 – 5 September 2019 |bgcolor="{{party color|Lega Nord}}" width=1%| |League |- | colspan="5" style="font-size:95%; line-height:19px;"| {{hidden|Undersecretaries|headerstyle=background:#EEEEEE;| *Luciano Barra Caracciolo (Ind.) }} |- ! colspan=6| |- !Secretary of the Council of Ministers |90px |'''Giancarlo Giorgetti''' |1 June 2018 – 5 September 2019 |bgcolor="{{party color|Lega Nord}}" width=1%| |League |}
{{notelist}}
== Programme == The two parties signed a contract on a shared program on various measures.<ref name="Contract">[http://download.repubblica.it/pdf/2018/politica/contratto_governo.pdf "Contratto per il Governo del Cambiamento"] (PDF).</ref> During his speech before the investiture vote in the Senate of the Republic on 5 June, Conte announced his willingness to reduce illegal immigration and increase the contrast to human traffickers and smugglers. He also advocated a fight against political corruption, the introduction of a law which regulates the conflict of interests, a new bill expanding the right of self-defense, a tax reduction, and a drastic cut to politics' costs thanks to the annuities' abolition.<ref>[http://www.repubblica.it/politica/2018/06/05/news/conte_discorso_fiducia_senato-198193413/?ref=RHPPLF-BH-I0-C8-P1-S1.8-T1 "Governo alla prova. Conte: "Basta business dei migranti, daspo per corrotti e corruttori"].</ref><ref>[http://www.ilsole24ore.com/art/notizie/2018-06-05/conte-via-discorso-programmatico-quale-conte-chiedera-fiducia--114755.shtml?uuid=AE51Te0E "Conte: tasse eque, salario minimo e giù debito con la crescita"].</ref><ref>[http://www.governo.it/sites/governo.it/files/5giugno2018_Comunicazioni_Conte_Senato.pdf "Comunicazioni del Presidente del Consiglio dei ministri. Senato della Repubblica – seduta del 5 giugno 2018. Resoconto stenografico"] (PDF). Full text of his speech.</ref> Conte also proposed to lift off the international sanctions against Russia.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/italy-prime-minister-giuseppe-conte-russia-sanctions-end-populist-five-star-vladimir-putin-crimea-a8385626.html|title=Italy diverges with Western European allies and voices support for Russia after populist party takes power|work=The Independent|access-date=23 June 2018}}</ref>
=== Immigration === The coalition's immigration policy policy was led by Salvini, who acted as both Minister of the Interior and Deputy Prime Minister of Italy, a strong opponent of illegal immigration.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Harlan|first1=Chico|title=The Torchbearer of Italy's Far Right is Now in Power and Wants to Make Good on Anti-Migrant Promises|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/europe/the-torchbearer-of-italys-far-right-is-now-in-power-and-wants-to-make-good-on-anti-migrant-promises/2018/06/04/3c4bf12e-65d6-11e8-81ca-bb14593acaa6_story.html|date=4 June 2018|newspaper=The Washington Post|access-date=10 June 2018}}</ref> Salvini laid out a three-point program to contrast illegal immigration, including increasing the number of repatriation centers, reducing immigration and increasing deportations of those who don ot qualify for asylum.<ref>[https://twitter.com/matteosalvinimi/status/1004669611026124800/video/1 "La mia linea d'azione da ministro: aumentare numero centri rimpatri, in modo che immigrati stiano dentro e non girino per le città facendo confusione, ridurre numero sbarchi e aumentare numero espulsioni. Immigrati regolari non hanno nulla da temere. Mi sembra solo buonsenso"].</ref> The policy document calls for the deportation of Italy's estimated 500,000 undocumented immigrants "as a priority".<ref>[https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2018/06/italy-shut-ports-boat-carrying-600-refugees-180610175926654.html "Italy 'to shut ports' to boat carrying over 600 refugees"].</ref>
On 10 June, Salvini announced the closure of Italian ports, stating that "everyone in Europe is doing their own business, now Italy is also raising its head. Let's stop the business of illegal immigration."<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.lastampa.it/2018/06/11/italia/migranti-litalia-sfida-malta-salvini-chiudiamo-i-porti-bVoFCfoAr11187cT5qJ4rL/pagina.html|title=Migranti, l'Italia sfida Malta. Salvini: chiudiamo i porti|work=La Stampa|access-date=23 June 2018|language=it}}</ref> The following day, the ships ''Aquarius'' and ''SOS Méditerranée'' that were requesting to dock at an Italian port to disembark the rescued migrants were turned away by Italy and Malta.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://news.sky.com/story/italy-shuts-ports-to-rescue-ship-carrying-over-600-migrants-11401125|title=Malta and Spain offer safe port to stranded migrant ship|publisher=Sky News|access-date=23 June 2018}}</ref> On the following day, Spain accepted the passengers of the ''Aquarius''.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-44441386|title=Spain to accept disputed migrant ship|date=12 June 2018|work=BBC News|access-date=23 June 2018}}</ref> On 18 June, Salvini announced the government would conduct a census of Romani people in Italy for the purpose of deporting all who are not in the country legally;<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.thelocal.it/20180618/italy-register-census-roma-people-matteo-salvini|title=Italy to compile 'register' of Roma people: Matteo Salvini|date=18 June 2018|access-date=23 June 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.thetimes.com/world/europe/article/italian-populist-matteo-salvini-pledges-census-of-gypsies-xb7dnrhds|title=Matteo Salvini wants Gypsy census in Italy|last=Rome|first=Tom Kington|date=19 June 2018|work=The Times|access-date=23 June 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/jun/19/italy-coalition-rift-roma-register-matteo-salvini|title=Far-right Italy minister vows 'action' to expel thousands of Roma|last=Kirchgaessner|first=Stephanie|date=19 June 2018|work=The Guardian|access-date=23 June 2018}}</ref> however, this measure was criticised as unconstitutional and was attacked by the opposition and also by some members of the M5S.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.repubblica.it/politica/2018/06/18/news/salvini_rom_censimento-199319863/?ref=RHPPLF-BH-I0-C8-P2-S1.8-T1|title=Salvini shock: "Censimento sui rom, quelli italiani purtroppo ce li dobbiamo tenere". Scontro nel governo, Di Maio: "Incostituzionale|date=18 June 2018|work=la Repubblica|access-date=23 June 2018|language=it}}</ref>
=== Taxes and politicians' salaries and pensions === The Government of Change pledged to reform the Italian tax system by introducing flat taxes (a long-time goal of Berlusconi and the broader centre-right coalition) for businesses and individuals, with a no-tax area for low-income households and corrections to keep some degree of tax progression (as required by the Constitution of Italy). The governing parties intended to cut the pensions and annuities of members of the Parliament, as well as regional councillors and those employed by constitutional bodies. They also intended to review all monthly pensions exceeding the amount contributed while working by more than 5,000 euros.<ref>[https://www.thelocal.it/20180605/italy-giuseppe-conte-first-speech-summary "Here are the main things Italian PM Giuseppe Conte said in his first speech"].</ref>
=== Direct democracy === The governing coalition pledged to use direct democracy via referendum. Riccardo Fraccaro, a M5S long-time advocate of such votes, became the world's first Minister for Direct Democracy, advocating a lowering of the 50% participation quorum for referendums in Italy to be valid and the introduction of citizens' initiatives for new laws.<ref>[https://www.swissinfo.ch/eng/directdemocracy/pioneering-role-_italy-gets-the-world-s-first-minister-for-direct-democracy/44164868 "Italy gets the world's first minister for direct democracy"].</ref>
=== Public health === The governing parties pledged to reform the public health system to minimise inefficiencies and wastefulness of resources. The government contract featured the digitalisation of the public health system, enhanced transparency, improved governance in the pharmaceutical sector, centralisation of purchases, fight against corruption, new procedures for the accreditation of private clinics, implementation of tele-medicine, and improvement of home care. The parties envisioned a health system mostly supported by the fiscal system, with minimal contribution from the patients. They also pledged to reduce the waiting times for a specialist visit or for emergency care in public hospitals.<ref name="Contract"/>
=== Public water === The parties intend to practically implement the result of the 2011 Italian referendums on public water, which resulted in the repeal of the law allowing the privatisation of water services. The parties pledged to guarantee the quality of public water in all the municipalities by improving the water transport network, minimising the leaks and replacing old pipelines that may still contain asbestos and lead.<ref name="Contract"/>
=== Agriculture, fishing, and Made in Italy === The coalition intended to promote a reform of the Common Agricultural Policy of the European Union in a way that supports the Italian agriculture but at the same time protects landscape and water resources and guarantees food safety. Small-scale agriculture and fishing should also be protected and the typical and traditional local productions should be safeguarded. Furthermore, the parties intend to promote the national productions within the trading treaties between the European Union and other countries and to protect the Made in Italy brand through proper labeling.<ref name="Contract"/>
=== Environment, green economy, and circular economy === The parties pledged to increase the public awareness about environmental issues and enforce measures of prevention and maintenance of the environment in order to mitigate the risk related to landslides, hydrogeology, and floods. They also planned to devote special attention to the issues raised by climate change and pollution. They intended to promote a green economy and support research, innovation, and training for ecology-related employment to increase the competitiveness and sustainability of the industry and reduce the dependence on fossil fuels. They also intended to promote a circular economy for a sustainable waste management based on enhanced recycling and regeneration. Finally, the parties planned to arrest land consumption through strategies of urban renewal and retrofit of private and public buildings and infrastructure, with increase of energy efficiency and the promotion of distributed energy generation.<ref name="Contract"/>
== References == {{reflist|2}}
== External links == {{Italian Governments}} {{Conte I Cabinet}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Cabinet, Conte}} Category:Conte I Cabinet Category:2018 establishments in Italy Category:Governments of Italy Category:Cabinets established in 2018 Category:Giuseppe Conte