{{Short description|Species of fish}} {{Speciesbox | image = Pomacanthus chrysurus - poisson ange a oreille taché - Aqua Porte Dorée 10.JPG | status = LC |status_ref=<ref name="iucn status 20 November 2021">{{cite iucn |author=Pyle, R. |author2=Rocha, L.A. |author3=Craig, M.T. |date=2010 |title=''Pomacanthus chrysurus'' |volume=2010 |article-number=e.T165831A6143660 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2010-4.RLTS.T165831A6143660.en |access-date=20 November 2021}}</ref> | status_system = IUCN3.1 | taxon = Pomacanthus chrysurus | authority = (Cuvier, 1831) | synonyms = * ''Holacanthus chrysurus'' <small>Cuvier, 1831</small> * ''Pomacanthodes chrysurus'' <small>(Cuvier, 1831)</small> | synonyms_ref = <ref name = Fishbase>{{Fishbase|Pomacanthus|chrysurus|month = December|year=2019}}</ref> }} The '''goldtail angelfish''' ('''''Pomacanthus chrysurus'''''), also known as the '''earspot angelfish''', is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a marine angelfish belonging to the family Pomacanthidae. It is found in the western Indian Ocean.
==Description== The goldtail angelfish shows more similarities between the adults and the juveniles than most other marine angelfishes in the genus ''Pomacanthus''. The juveniles have blackish-brown bodies marked with many white vertical bars. The face is paler, more orangey than the body and is marked with uneven blue lines. They have a yellow caudal fin which develops a white bar on the caudal peduncle when the fish reaches around {{cvt|4|cm}} in length. Both juveniles and adults have a black spot on the upper anterior portion of the body. The adults are similar to the juveniles, the differences being that they have a dark face and no white bar on the caudal peduncle.<ref name = Saltcorner>{{cite web | url = http://www.saltcorner.com/AquariumLibrary/browsespecies.php?CritterID=106&filter=0 | title = ''Pomacanthus chrysurus'' | access-date = 1 March 2021| publisher = Bob Goemans | year = 2012 | work = Saltcorner!}}</ref> The dorsal fin has 13–14 spines and 17–19 soft rays while the anal fin has 3 spines and 18–19 soft rays. This species attains a maximum total length of {{cvt|33|cm}}.<ref name = Fishbase/>
==Distribution== The goldtail angelfish is found in the western Indian Ocean from the Gulf of Aden south along the coast of Eastern Africa as far as KwaZulu Natal. Its range includes Madagascar, the Comoro Islands and the Seychelles.<ref name="iucn status 20 November 2021" />
==Habitat and biology== The goldtail angelfish is found at depths of between {{convert|1|and|30|m|ft}} on shallow reefs which have rich growths of coral, or rocky reefs.<ref name="iucn status 20 November 2021" /> The adults' diet is dominated by sponges, tunicates, crustaceans, and zooplankton while the juveniles, who are found in much shallower water consume large quantities of algae.<ref name = Saltcorner/> The biology of this species is otherwise little known.<ref name="iucn status 20 November 2021" />
==Systematics== The goldtail angelfish was first formally described as ''Holocanthus flavissimus'' in 1831 by the French anatomist Georges Cuvier (1769–1832) with the type locality given as Dorey Harbor, New Guinea, which could be an error for Madagascar.<ref name = CofF>{{Cof genus | genus = Pomacanthus | access-date = 1 March 2021}}</ref> Some authorities place this species in the subgenus ''Acanthochaetodon''. The specific name ''chrysurus'' is this compound of ''chrysis'' meaning "gold" and ''urus'' meaning "tail", a reference to the yellow caudal fin.<ref name = ETYFish>{{cite web | url = http://www.etyfish.org/acanthuriformes1/ | title =Order ACANTHURIFORMES (part 1): Families LOBOTIDAE, POMACANTHIDAE, DREPANEIDAE and CHAETODONTIDAE | work = The ETYFish Project Fish Name Etymology Database | access-date = 28 February 2021 | date = 21 July 2020 | author1 = Christopher Scharpf | author2 = Kenneth J. Lazara | name-list-style = amp | publisher = Christopher Scharpf and Kenneth J. Lazara}}</ref>
==Utilisation== The goldtail angelfish is infrequently collected for the aquarium trade but does not often make it on to the market. Most commercially available specimens originate from Kenya.<ref name="iucn status 20 November 2021" />
==References== {{Reflist}}
==External links== {{Commons category|Pomacanthus chrysurus}} *http://www.fishbase.org/summary/11209# *http://www.liveaquaria.com/product/prod_display.cfm?c=15+18+406&pcatid=406
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Goldtail angelfish Category:Fish described in 1831 Category:Taxa named by Georges Cuvier