{{Short description|American composer based in Germany (1933–2023)}} {{Use mdy dates|date=August 2023}} {{ Infobox person | name = Gloria Coates | image = Maximiliano de Brito, Gloria Coates, Renato Mismetti, in Bayreuth (cropped) (1a).jpg | birth_name = Gloria Kannenberg | birth_date = {{Birth date|1933|10|10}} | birth_place = [[Wausau, Wisconsin]], U.S. | death_date = {{Death date and age|2023|8|19|1933|10|10}} | death_place = [[Munich]], Bavaria, Germany | occupation = {{hlist|Composer|painter}} }}
'''Gloria Coates''' (née '''Kannenberg'''; October 10, 1933{{efn|According to older sources, she was born in 1938.<ref name="Schubert" /><ref name="Jost" />}} – August 19, 2023) was an American composer who lived in [[Munich]] from 1969 until her death. She trained and worked also as actress, stage director, singer, author and painter. She is known for her many symphonies, and also wrote [[chamber music]], and vocal music for large and small ensembles. Her compositions have been performed internationally and recorded by notable orchestras. She ran a concert series for new music in Munich. Her [[Symphony No. 1 (Coates)|First Symphony "Music on Open Strings"]] was played at the 1978 [[Warsaw Autumn]] and was the first composition by a woman in the [[Musica viva (Munich)|musica viva]] series of [[Bayerischer Rundfunk]].
== Life and career == Gloria Kannenberg was born in [[Wausau, Wisconsin]], on October 10, 1933;<ref name="Amme" /> her mother was Natalie Kannenberg, an Italian singer, and her father was Robert Kannenberg, an American politician of German descent.<ref name="Jost" /> She began improvising and composing as a child, guided by her mother. From age seven, she took piano lessons and later also voice lessons from Elizabeth Silverthorn, music director at the local Episcopal Church. She achieved a composition prize from the [[National Federation of Music Clubs]]<ref name="Schubert" /> for one of her songs, to a text that she wrote herself, at age 14.<ref name="Jost" /> She met composer [[Alexander Tcherepnin]] in 1952, who encouraged her and gave her private lessons, and whose summer courses at the Salzburg [[Mozarteum]] she attended in 1962.<ref name="Schubert" /> She married Francis M. Coates, an attorney, in 1959.<ref name="Hartsock" />
Coates then studied at different universities and the Cooper Union Art School, achieving a bachelor's degree in drama and painting in 1963, and in composition and singing the same year. She became a Master of Music in composition in 1965, and took post-graduate studies in composition with [[Otto Luening]] at [[Columbia University]] in 1967 and 1968.<ref name="Schubert" /> She also studied with [[Jack Beeson]].<ref name="Platea" />
Her early works were performed in the 1960s in [[Baton Rouge, Louisiana]], and in New York City.<ref name="Jost" /> She worked in Chicago, New York and Louisiana as a singer, actress, drama director, author and painter.<ref name="Schubert" />
In 1969, Coates travelled to Germany on a freighter, together with her small daughter, to study singing [[Lieder]] in Stuttgart. Stopping in Munich, she had a skiing accident that injured her spine. From 1971 she focused on composition,<ref name="Schubert" /> although knowing that it was harder than painting and acting.<ref name="Amme" /> She ran a concert series in Munich, entitled German-American Music, from 1971 to 1984.<ref name="Schubert" /> Her works were performed at the 1972 [[Darmstädter Ferienkurse]].<ref name="Schubert" /> Coates had a breakthrough with her [[Symphony No. 1 (Coates)|First Symphony, subtitled "Music on Open Strings"]], composed in 1973 for a [[string orchestra]] tuned differently.<ref name="Amme" /> It was played at the 1978 [[Warsaw Autumn]] festival and was the work discussed most. It was a finalist in the 1986 Koussevitzky competition, and was the first composition by a woman in the [[Musica viva (Munich)|musica viva]] concert series of [[Bayerischer Rundfunk]].<ref name="Hartsock" /> Her works were also performed at the [[Dresdner Musikfestspiele]], and the festival [[New Music America]].
Coates died from pancreatic cancer in Munich on August 19, 2023, at the age of 89.<ref name="Amme" /><ref name="Platea" /><ref name="5against4" /><ref>{{cite news |title=Gloria Coates obituary |url=https://www.thetimes.com/article/gloria-coates-obituary-kgbc0nzlm |access-date=25 September 2023 |work=[[The Times]] |date=25 September 2023}}</ref>
== Music == Coates composed symphonies, chamber music for different ensembles, vocal music and multimedia works. She experimented with vocal works for many voices.<ref name="Jost" /> She set texts to music by [[Emily Dickinson]], and her own daughter, Alexandra. She said that her music is serious, not funny, because she experienced sadness in her childhood, making her cheerful but with a serious unconscious side. Coates is credited as the most prolific female symphony composer.<ref name="Amme" />
Coates commented her symphonies in an interview: "I thought, 'That's really gutsy of me to call it a symphony'. I always had an idea of symphonies being in the 19th century, somehow. I never set out to write a symphony as such. It has to do with the intensity of what I'm trying to say and the fact that it took 48 different instrumental lines to say it, and that the structures I was using had evolved over many years. I couldn't call it a little name."<ref name="Gann" />
As interviewer Trevor Hunter noted:{{blockquote|For Gloria Coates, artistic expression is a spiritual necessity. She has great interest and significant participation in painting, architecture, theater, poetry, and singing—but it is through composing that she taps into a wellspring of abstracted emotionality that the others cannot reach. Whatever the veiled expressions of her work may be, there is an undoubted emotional richness present, which if not concretely knowable is at least viscerally felt by the audience. Canons constructed of [[quarter tone|quartertone]]s and [[glissando]]s evoke gloomy instability, but also unearthly beauty.<ref name="Hunter" />}}
[[Mark Swed]] wrote that "Coates is a master of [[microtonal music|microtones]], of taking a listener to aural places you never knew could exist and finding the mystical spaces between tones."<ref name="Swed" /> [[Kyle Gann]] described in liner notes to one of her albums:
{{blockquote|Behind the variety of such techniques, behind even the varying deployment of similar structures, one hears Coates's constant aesthetic: her sense of each movement as a unified gesture, her almost post-minimalist unidirectionality. Above all, while sadness, anger and mysticism appear in her work with stylized clarity, they are subsumed to an overarching tranquility that often has the last word, and always the most important one.<ref name="Gann-Naxos" />}}
== Painting == Besides composing, Gloria Coates also painted [[abstract expressionism|abstract expressionistic]] paintings that were often used as the covers for her albums.<ref name="Sequenza" /> In her paintings, complementary colors such as red and green, yellow and blue, interact, in a manner of swirls of colours reminiscent of the style of [[Vincent van Gogh]]. She painted colourful works, applying paint in energetic strokes.<ref name="Amme" />
== Compositions == The following list of Coates' musical compositions is based on one compiled by Theresa Kalin, and edited by Christian Dieck.<ref name="Kalin">Kalin, Theresa: [http://www.pytheasmusic.org/coates_gloria_works.pdf Werkverzeichnis von Gloria Coates] pytheasmusic.org</ref>
=== Instrumental music === ==== Works with orchestra ==== * [[Symphony No. 1 (Coates)|Symphony No. 1 "Music on Open Strings"]] (1972-1974) * Symphony No. 2 "Music on Abstract Lines / Illuminatio in Tenebris" (1973/74) * Symphony No. 3 "Symphony for Strings" / "Symphony Nocturne" (1974) * Symphony No. 3, second version (Violin Concerto) (2006) * Symphony No. 4 "Chiaroscuro" (1984/89) * Symphony No. 5 "Drei mystische Gesänge", text by Alexandra Coates, for choir and orchestra (1985) * Symphony No. 6 "Music in Microtones" (1985/86) * Symphony No. 7 (1989/90) * Symphony No. 8 "Indian Sounds" for voices and orchestra (1990/91) * Symphony No. 9 "Homage to Van Gogh" (1992–1994) * Symphony No. 10 "Drones of Druids on Celtic Ruins" for brass and percussion (1992/93) * Symphony No. 11 (1997) * Symphony No. 12 (1998) * Symphony No. 13 (2000) * Symphony No. 14 "The Americans" (2001/02) * Symphony No. 15 "Homage to Mozart" (2004/05) * Symphony No. 16 "Time Frozen" (1993) * ''Vita –Anima della Terra'', text by [[Leonardo da Vinci]], for soloists, mixed choir and orchestra (1972/76) * ''Planets'' (1973/74) * ''Fonte di Rimini'', text by da Vinci, for mixed choir and orchestra (1976/84) * ''Transitions'' (1984) * ''Cantata da Requiem'' (1972) * ''Stardust and Dark Matter'' (2018)
==== Chamber orchestra with voice ==== * ''Voices of Women in Wartime. Cantata da Requiem'' for soprano solo, viola, violoncello, piano and percussion (1972) * ''The Force for Peace in War. Cantata da Requiem'' for soprano, tape and orchestra (1988) * ''Wir tönen allein'', after [[Paul Celan]], for soprano, timpani, percussion and string orchestra (1988) * ''Rainbow across the Night Sky'' for female voices and ensemble (1990) * ''Emily Dickinson Lieder'' for solo voice and Chamber orchestra (1989) * ''Cette Blanche Agonie'', text by [[Stéphane Mallarmé]], for soprano, English horn, oboe, timpani, percussion and string orchestra (1988)
==== Chamber music ====
===== Solo instrument ===== * ''Colony Air'' for piano (1982) * ''Colony Air No. 2'' for harp (1982) * ''Reaching for the Moon'' for flute (1988) * ''To Be Free Of It'' for one to three percussionists (1988/89) * ''Castles in the Air'' for tenor saxophone (1993) * ''Märchensuite'' for flute (1996) * Sonata for violin (1999) * Piano Sonata No. 1 (1972) * Piano Sonata No. 2 (2001) * ''The Books'' for piano (2003) * ''Five Abstractions'' for piano (1962) * ''Interludium'' for organ (1962) * ''Star Tracks Through Darkness'' for organ (1974/89) * ''Prayers without Words'' for organ (2002)
===== Two instruments ===== * ''Sylken'' for flute and piano (1961) * Fantasy about "[[Wie schön leuchtet der Morgenstern]]" for viola and organ (1973) * ''Overture to Saint Joan'' for organ and percussion * ''Fiori'' for flute and tape (1988) * ''Fiori and the Princess'' for flute and tape * ''Blue Monday'' for guitar and percussion (1988/89) * ''Elegy No. 2'' for Soprano saxophone and piano (2002/2011) * ''Nightscape'' for contrabass and piano (2008) * ''Reaching into Light'' for two percussionists (2010)
===== Three and more instruments ===== * Trio for flute, oboe and piano (1962) * ''From a Poetry Album'' for harp, cello and percussion (1976) * ''Night Music'' for tenor saxophone, piano and gongs (1992) * Piano Trio "Lyric Suite" (1993/1996) * ''Lyric Suite No. 2'' for flute (also alto flute), cello and piano (2002) * ''Five Abstractions of Poems by Emily Dickinson'' for woodwind quartet (flute, clarinet, oboe and bassoon) * ''Heinrich von Ofterdingen (Homage to Novalis)'' for flute, two cellos and harp (1996) * ''Glissando String Quartet'' (1962) * String Quartet No. 1 "Protestation Quartet" (1965/66) * String Quartet No. 2 "Mobile" (1971) * String Quartet No. 3 (1975) * String Quartet No. 4 (1976) * Six Movements for String Quartet (1978) * String Quartet No. 5 (1988) * String Quartet No. 6 (1999) * String Quartet No. 7 "Angels" with organ (2001) * String Quartet No. 8 (2001/02) * String Quartet No. 9 (2007) * String Quartet No. 10 "Among the Asteroids" (1971/76) * ''Halley's Comet'', nonet for flute (piccolo), oboe (English horn), bassoon (contrabassoon), horn and string quintet (1974)
=== Vocal compositions ===
==== Works for choir ==== * ''Dies Sanctificatus'' from Saint Joan for [[soprano]], [[alto]], [[tenor]] [[a cappella]] (1961) * Missa Brevis (1964) * ''Sing onto the Lord a New Song'' for mixed choir a cappella (1964) * Te Deum from Saint Joan for mixed choir a cappella (1964) * ''The Beautitudes'' for soloists and organ (1978) * ''Der Schwan from Licht'' (Alexandra Coates) for mixed choir a cappella (1988)
==== Works for solo voice ====
===== Voice with piano ===== * ''The Sighing Wind'', text by Gloria Coates (1950) * ''Twilight'', text by Gloria Coates (1961) * ''Ophelia Lieder'', texts from Shakespeare's ''[[Hamlet]]'', for middle voice and ''Liederharfe'' (1964/65) * ''Komplementär'', text by [[Friederike Mayröcker]] (1999) * ''Catch the wind'', text by Alexandra Coates * Songs on poems by Emily Dickinson for voice and piano
===== Solo voice with ensemble ===== * ''Voices of Women in Wartime – Cantata da Requiem'' for soprano solo, viola, cello, piano and percussion (1972) * ''The Tune without the Words'', text by [[Emily Dickinson]], for voice, glockenspiel, percussion and timpani (1975) * ''Go the Great Way'', text by Dickinson, for voice, percussion, timpani and organ (1982)
=== Electronic music === * ''Eine Stimme ruft elektronische Klänge auf'' for live electronics, modulator, voice and laser (1971) * ''Neptune Odyssey'' for tape ([[Musique concrète|Musique concrete]], 1975) * ''Ecology No. 1'', realised in the electro-acoustic studio of the Musikakademie Krakau (1978)
=== Multimedia === * Music heard visually ''Presto'' (1972) * ''Cosmos Klang'' (1973) * ''Musik-Kunst'', premiere of Symphony No. 4, performance of Symphony No. 2, stage work with paintings by Ursula and Dietmar Thiele-Zoll (1990) * ''Abraham Lincoln's Cooper Union Address'', on poems by Gloria Coates and texts by [[Martin Luther King]] (2003) * ''Entering the Unknown'' for spinet, string quartet and video (Birgit Ramsauer) (2004)
=== Stage works === * Accidental music to ''[[Jedermann (play)|Jedermann]]'' for flute, oboe and percussion (1961) * Accidental music to Shakespeare's ''[[Hamlet]]'' for choir, organ and chamber orchestra (1964/65) * ''The three Billy Goat's Gruff'', interactive music theatre piece for children between 3–6 years (1965) * ''La Vox Humaine'', after [[Jean Cocteau]], for two percussionists and ballet (2010) * ''Stolen Identity'', chamber opera for soprano, countertenor, bass-baritone, string quartet, piano and percussion (2012)
=== Music used in films === * ''Politik nach Notenblatt'' (1981), documentary by [[Klaus Croissant]], [[Bayerischer Rundfunk|BR]] television, with ''Voices of Women in Wartime'' * ''Turin – Die geräderte Stadt'' (1983), television film by Gabriel Heim, BR, with String Quartet No. 4 * ''Death of Cain'' (2001), film by Ido Angel, Tel Aviv, Israel-Independent Film, with Symphony No. 2 * ''Another Kind'' (2011), film by [[Jonathan Blitstein]], with some orchestral pieces<!--
== Published articles == * ''Lutoslawski im Seminar''. In: ''[[Neue Musikzeitung]]'', October/November 1975, No. 5, 24. year., p. 12 * ''Desert Plants. A History of American Music''.[[Westdeutscher Rundfunk|WDR]] 1978 * with Detlef Godjony: review of Walter Zimmermann's ''Dessert Plants''. In: ''[[Die Musikforschung]]'', 33, 1980, p. 206–207 * ''Erstes Internationales Musikfestival in der UdSSR''. In: ''Musica'', 1981 {{pp.|365–366}} * ''Russian immigrant composers in the United States''. WDR 1986 * ''A Cockatoo Will Do''. In: ''The Twentieth-Century Recorder'' (US), XXXI, December 1990, No. 4, {{pp.|17–19}} * ''Karl Amadeus Hartmann / Reflektiert und in die Zukunft gedacht''. In: ''Musica Viva; Eine Sprache der Gegenwart 1945–95'', edited by Renate Ulm for BR 1995, Mainz 1995, {{pp.|277–283}}, also: {{pp.|7, 236–245}} * 15 programs in: ''Open House''. WR * Reviews for ''State Times'', Baton Rouge, Louisiana-->
== Discography == Several of Coates' compositions were recorded,<ref name="Kalin" /><ref name="Muziekweb" /> by artists including the [[Kreutzer Quartet]], the [[Stuttgarter Philharmoniker]], [[Münchener Kammerorchester]], <!-- and Vavariana Orquesta de Cámara de Múnich--> and the [[Bavarian Radio Symphony Orchestra]].<ref name="Platea" />
=== Symphonies === * Symphony No. 1, 1980 (live) Musica Viva Munich, [[Bavarian Radio Symphony Orchestra]], [[Elgar Howarth]], cond. ([[Classic Produktion Osnabrück|cpo]] 999 392-2)<ref name="Oliver">Oliver, Michael: [https://www.gramophone.co.uk/review/gloria-coates-symphonies-nos-1-4-7Gloria Coates Symphonies Nos. 1, 4 & 7] [[Gramophone (magazine)|Gramophone]] March 1997</ref> * Symphony No. 2, 1990 (live), Stuttgarter Philharmoniker, [[Wolf-Dieter Hauschild]], cond. cpo 999 590-2 * Symphony No. 2 / Homage To Van Gogh / Anima Della Terra, cpo 1998; Stuttgarter Philharmoniker, [[Wolf-Dieter Hauschild]] / Musica-viva-ensemble Dresden, Jürger Wirrmann / Orchester des Internationalen Jugendfestspieltreffens Bayreuth 1984, Matthias Kuntzsch / Soloists: Jirina Markova, Soprano, Gerda Maria Knauer, Alto, Miroslav Kopp, Tenor, Piotre Nowacki, Bass / Ensemble Das Neue Werk, Hamburg, Dieter Cichewiecz * Symphony No. 3, 2007 (live), Cambridge Orchestra, UK, Sheppard-Skaerved, violin, Neil Thomson, cond., Tzadik TZ 8096 * Symphony No. 4, 1990 (live), Stuttgarter Philharmoniker, Hauschild, cond. cpo 999 392-2<ref name="Oliver" /> * Symphony No. 7, 1991 Stuttgarter Philharmoniker, Georg Schmöhe, cond. cpo 999 392-2<ref name="Oliver" /> * Symphony Nr. 7, Musica Viva Munich 1997 (live), Bavarian Radio Symphony Orchestra, Olaf Henzold, cond. ([[Naxos (company)|Naxos]] 8.559289)<ref name="Naxos">[https://www.naxos.com/Bio/Person/Gloria_Coates/23504 Recordings of music by Gloria Coates] [[Naxos (company)|Naxos]]</ref> * Symphony No. 8, 1992 (live) Musica-Viva-Dresden, Jürgen Wirrmann, cond. New World Records 80599-2<ref>Jed Distler Jed: [https://www.classicstoday.com/review/review-9689/ Gloria Coates: Orchestral works] Classics today</ref><ref>[https://www.newworldrecords.org/products/gloria-coates Indian Sounds] newworldrecords.org</ref> * Symphony No. 9, 1995 (live) Schwinger Dresden, Musica-Viva-Dresden, Juergen Wirrmann, cond. cop 999 590-2 * Symphony No. 10, 1989, CalArts Orchestra, Susan Allen, cond. (Naxos 8.559848)<ref name="Naxos" /> * Symphony No. 14, 2003 (live) [[Münchner Residenz]], Münchener Kammerorchester, [[Christoph Poppen]], cond. Naxos 8.559289<ref name="Naxos" /> * Symphony No. 15, 2007, Cantata da Requiem (1972), Transitions (1984) (Naxos 8.559371); Passau Festival, Teri Dunn (soprano) / Talisker Players, Ars Nova Ensemble Nuremberg/Heider, [[Vienna Radio Symphony Orchestra]], [[Michael Boder]], cond. * Class Of '38, Symphony No. 15/3 "What Are Stars" (Naxos 8.557087)<ref name="Naxos" /> * Symphony No. 16, 1995 (live) 25 Years Das Neue Werk Hamburg, Das Neue Werk, Dieter Cichewiecz, cond. cpo 999 590-2
=== Chamber music === * [[Kreutzer Quartet]], 2002, String Quartets Nos. 1, 5, 6 (Naxos 8.559091)<ref name="Naxos" /><ref>Higginson Jed: [http://www.musicweb-international.com/classrev/2002/apr02/Coates.htm Gloria Coates: String Quartets 1, 5 and 6] musicweb-international.com April 2002</ref> * Kreutzer Quartet, 2003, String Quartets Nos. 2, 3, 4, 7 and 8 (Naxos 8.559152)<ref name="Naxos" /> * Kreutzer Quartet, 2010, String Quartet No. 9, Solo Violin Sonata, Lyric Suite for piano trio (Naxos 8.559666)<ref name="Naxos" /> * Kreutzer Quartet, 2013, Piano Quintet, with [[Roderick Chadwick]], piano (Naxos 8.559848) * Kreutzer Quartet, String Quartets Nos. 1–9 (3-CD Box Set) (Naxos 8.503240) * ''At Midnight'', 2013, [[Tzadik]] New York * ''Explore America'', String Quartet No. 1 (Naxos 8.559187)<ref name="Naxos" /> * Bezaly: Solo Flute From A to Z, Vol. 2, ''Reaching for the Moon'' (Naxos BIS-CD-1259) * ''Vitality begun'', 2003, Komplementär, Verwelkte Bücher, 15 Songs on Poems by Emily Dickinson (Cavalli Records CCD 308) * ''Flötenmusik von Komponistinnen'', 2011, ''Phantom'' for flute and piano (Thorofon CTH 2577)
== Notes == {{notelist}}
== References == {{Reflist | refs =
<ref name="Amme">{{cite news | last = Amme | first = Kristin | url = https://www.br-klassik.de/aktuell/news-kritik/komponistin-gloria-coates-ist-gestorben-nachruf-100.html | title = Zum Tod von Gloria Coates: Eine begnadete Künstlerin mit Tiefe | work = [[Bayerischer Rundfunk|BR]] | date = August 20, 2023 | language = de | access-date = August 20, 2023 }}</ref>
<ref name="Gann-Naxos">{{cite news | last = Gann | first = Kyle | author-link = Kyle Gann | url = https://www.chandos.net/chanimages/Booklets/NA9152.pdf | title = Gloria Coates. String Quartets Nos. 2, 3, 4, 7 and 8 | publisher = Naxos Booklet 8.559152 | year = 2003 | page= 3 | access-date = August 21, 2023 }}</ref>
<ref name="Gann">{{cite news | last = Gann | first = Kyle | author-link = Kyle Gann | url = | title = A Symphonist Stakes Her Claim | newspaper = [[The New York Times]] | date = April 25, 1999 | language=en-US }}</ref>
<ref name="Hartsock">{{cite web | last = Hartsock | first = Ralph | url = https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc699778/m2/1/high_res_d/MLA-piercingthecurtain--Coates%20repository%20edition.pdf | title = Piercing the Curtain / One Composer's Penetration into Eastern European Music Festivals / An Introduction to the Music of Gloria Coates | type = thesis | publisher = Music Library Association | date = February 18, 2005 | access-date = January 12, 2018 }}</ref>
<ref name="Hunter">{{cite web | last = Hunter | first = Trevor | url = http://www.newmusicbox.org/article.nmbx?id=5650 | title = Gloria Coates: Beyond the Spheres | website = newmusicbox | date = August 1, 2008 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110604052905/http://www.newmusicbox.org/article.nmbx?id=5650 | archive-date = June 4, 2011 | access-date = August 20, 2023 }}</ref>
<ref name="Jost">{{cite encyclopedia | last = Jost | first = Christa | url = https://www.munzinger.de/search/go/document.jsp?id=17000000099 | title = Gloria Coates | encyclopedia = [[Munzinger-Archiv]] | date = August 20, 2023 | language = de | access-date = August 21, 2023 }}</ref>
<ref name="Schubert">{{cite encyclopedia | last = Schubert | first = Gisela | url = https://www.mgg-online.com/article?id=mgg02953&v=1.0&rs=mgg02953 | title = Coates, Gloria | encyclopedia = [[Die Musik in Geschichte und Gegenwart|MGG]] | date = | language = de | access-date = August 21, 2023 }}</ref>
<ref name="Swed">{{cite news | last = Swed | first = Mark | url = https://www.latimes.com/entertainment/arts/la-et-cm-gloria-coates-review-20141115-column.html | title = Review: Gloria Coates' great oddity on display at REDCAT | newspaper = [[Los Angeles Times]] | date = November 15, 2014 | access-date = August 20, 2023 | language=en-US }}</ref>
<ref name="Muziekweb">{{cite web | url = https://www.muziekweb.nl/en/Link/M00000254244/CLASSICAL/COMPOSER/Gloria-Coates | title = Gloria Coates | website = [[Netherlands Institute for Sound and Vision|Muziekweb]] | access-date = August 25, 2023 }}</ref>
<ref name="Platea">{{cite magazine | url = https://www.plateamagazine.com/noticias/15543-fallece-la-compositora-gloria-coates-a-los-89-anos | title = Fallece la compositora Gloria Coates a los 89 años | magazine = Platea | language = es | access-date = August 21, 2023 }}</ref>
<ref name="5against4">{{cite web | url = https://5against4.com/2023/08/19/gloria-coates-1933-2023/ | title = Gloria Coates, 1933–2023 | date = August 19, 2023 | access-date = August 19, 2023 | website = 5against4.com }}</ref>
<ref name="Sequenza">{{cite magazine | url = http://www.sequenza21.com/coates.html | title = Gloria Coates | magazine = Sequenza21 / The Contemporary Classical Music Weekly | access-date = August 21, 2023}}</ref> }}
== Further reading == * Claudia Schweitzer et al.: ''Annäherung XIII – Annäherung an sieben Komponistinnen''. Kassel: Furore, 2003. * ''Komponisten in Bayern. Dokumente musikalischen Schaffens im 20. und 21. Jahrhundert'', vol. 54: ''Gloria Coates'', Verlag Hans Schneider, Tutzing 2012; {{ISBN|978 386296 0347}} * Gisela Schubert: ''Gloria Coates'', in ''[[Die Musik in Geschichte und Gegenwart|Musik in Geschichte und Gegenwart]]'' (2. Auflage), section person Vol. 2, Kassel 2001, p. 1281–1283 * Christa Jost: ''Gloria Coates'', in ''[[Komponisten der Gegenwart]]'', edited by Hans-Werner Heister and Walter-Wolfgang Sparrer, Berlin, 21. Mai 2001, p. 1–2
== External links == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20050117084535/http://home.wanadoo.nl/eli.ichie/coates.html Official website] (2005) * {{discogs artist}} * {{IMDb name|4718564}} * {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040604131432/http://home.comcast.net/~neveldine/coatesinterview.html |date=June 4, 2004 |title="My most sincere search for the truth" }} An Interview with Gloria Coates by Robert Burns Neveldine (original currently unavailable) * Duffie, Bruce: [https://www.bruceduffie.com/coates4.html Interview with Gloria Coates], May 19, 1995 * [https://www.naxos.com/person/Gloria_Coates/23504.htm Gloria Coates] [[Naxos (company)|Naxos]] * [https://findingaids.library.columbia.edu/ead/nnc-rb/ldpd_4079761 Gloria Coates papers, 1970–1986] [[Columbia University]]
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Coates, Gloria}} [[Category:1933 births]] [[Category:2023 deaths]] [[Category:Deaths from pancreatic cancer in Germany]] [[Category:American people of German descent]] [[Category:American emigrants to West Germany]] [[Category:20th-century American classical composers]] [[Category:21st-century American classical composers]] [[Category:American women classical composers]] [[Category:People from Wausau, Wisconsin]] [[Category:20th-century American women composers]] [[Category:21st-century American women composers]]