{{Short description|Red dwarf star in the constellation Vela}} {{Sky|09|44|29.8367|-|45|46|35.4256}} {{Starbox begin | name = Gliese 367 / Añañuca }} {{Starbox observe | epoch = J2000 | constell = Vela<ref name=xhip/> | ra = {{RA|09|44|29.83677}}<ref name=DR3/> | dec = {{DEC|-45|46|35.4276}}<ref name=DR3/> | appmag_v = {{val|10.153|0.044}}<ref name=Lam2021/> }} {{Starbox character | type=Main sequence<ref name="Goffo2023"/> | class = M1.0V<ref name=Lam2021/> }} {{Starbox astrometry | radial_v = {{val|47.42|0.14}}<ref name=DR3/> | prop_mo_ra = {{val|−462.621|(14)}} | prop_mo_dec = {{val|−582.668|(15)}} | pm_footnote = <ref name=DR3/> | parallax = 106.1727 | p_error = 0.0141 | parallax_footnote = <ref name=DR3/> | absmag_v = +10.25<ref name=xhip/> }} {{Starbox detail | source = <ref name=Lam2021/> | mass = 0.454{{±|0.011}} | radius = 0.457{{±|0.013}} | gravity = 4.777{{±|0.026}} | luminosity = 0.0288{{±|0.0027}} | temperature = 3522{{±|70}} | metal_fe = −0.01{{±|0.12}} | rotation = 48{{±|2}} days | rotational_velocity = 0.48{{±|0.02}} | age_gyr = {{val|7.95|1.31}}<ref name=Gaidos2023/> }} {{Starbox catalog | names = {{odlist | name = Añañuca | CD = -45 5378 | GJ = 367 | HIP = 47780 | 2MASS = J09442986-4546351 | TIC = 34068865 | TOI = 731 | TYC = 8168-2031-1 }}<ref name=SIMBAD/> }} {{Starbox reference | Simbad = CD-45+5378 | NSTED = GJ-367 | ARICNS = 00761 }} {{Starbox end}}
'''Gliese 367''' (GJ 367, formally named '''Añañuca'''<ref name="NEW2022"/>) is a red dwarf star in the constellation of Vela. It is relatively nearby, with a distance of {{convert|30.7|ly|pc|lk=on|abbr=off}} from Earth as measured from its parallax. It hosts three known exoplanets, Gliese 367 b, c & d.<ref name="Goffo2023"/>
==Characteristics== A red dwarf star, Gliese 367 is smaller, cooler, and much fainter than the Sun. It has 0.457 times the Sun's radius, an effective temperature of 3522 K, and a luminosity just 2.88% that of the Sun.<ref name=Lam2021/>
Initial measurements from stellar isochrones suggested a young age of less than 60 million years old, but its orbit around the Milky Way is highly eccentric, unusual for a young star.<ref name=Brandner/> It may have been forced into such an orbit via a gravitational encounter.<ref name=Brandner/> However, a 2023 study, based on spectroscopic observations, found that its age should be much higher. Estimates from gyrochronology give an age in the range of 4.6 to 4.8 billion years.<ref name="Goffo2023"/>{{rp|6}} Rotation-age relations suggest a value of {{val|7.95|1.31}} billion years.<ref name=Gaidos2023/>
It is suspected to be a variable with amplitude 0.012 stellar magnitude and period 5.16 years.<ref>{{cite journal|arxiv=1503.02100|year=2015|title=The Solar Neighborhood XXXVI. The Long-Term Photometric Variability of Nearby Red Dwarfs in the V RI Optical Bands|last1=Hosey|first1=Altonio D.|last2=Henry|first2=Todd J.|last3=Jao|first3=Wei-Chun|last4=Dieterich|first4=Sergio B.|last5=Winters|first5=Jennifer G.|last6=Lurie|first6=John C.|last7=Riedel|first7=Adric R.|last8=Subasavage|first8=John P.|journal=The Astronomical Journal|volume=150|issue=1|page=6|doi=10.1088/0004-6256/150/1/6|bibcode=2015AJ....150....6H|s2cid=13913564}}</ref> A stellar multiplicity survey in 2015 failed to detect any stellar companions to Gliese 367.<ref>{{cite journal|bibcode=2015MNRAS.449.2618W|arxiv=1503.00724|year=2015|title=The M-dwarfs in Multiples (Min ''Ms'') survey – I. Stellar multiplicity among low-mass stars within 15 pc★|doi=10.1093/mnras/stv384|last1=Ward-Duong|first1=K.|last2=Patience|first2=J.|last3=De Rosa|first3=R. J.|last4=Bulger|first4=J.|last5=Rajan|first5=A.|last6=Goodwin|first6=S. P.|last7=Parker|first7=Richard J.|last8=McCarthy|first8=D. W.|last9=Kulesa|first9=C.|journal=Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society|volume=449|issue=3|pages=2618–2637|doi-access=free }}</ref>
==Nomenclature== The designation ''Gliese 367'' comes from the Gliese Catalogue of Nearby Stars. This was the 367th star listed in the first edition of the catalogue.
In August 2022, this planetary system was included among 20 systems to be named by the third NameExoWorlds project.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.nameexoworlds.iau.org/2022exoworlds |title=List of ExoWorlds 2022 |date=8 August 2022 |website=nameexoworlds.iau.org |publisher=IAU |access-date=27 August 2022 |archive-date=8 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230308103542/https://www.nameexoworlds.iau.org/2022exoworlds |url-status=live }}</ref> The approved names, proposed by a team from Chile, were announced in June 2023. Gliese 367 is named Añañuca and its innermost planet is named Tahay, after names for the endemic Chilean wildflowers ''Phycella cyrtanthoides'' and ''Calydorea xiphioides''.<ref name="NEW2022"/>
== Planetary system == The star Gliese 367 was observed by TESS in February-March 2019, leading to its designation as an object of interest,<ref name=Lam2021/> and by January 2021 additional radial velocity data suggested the existence of a short-period planet, albeit with low certainty.<ref>{{cite journal|arxiv=2101.12137|year=2021|title=Validation of HD 183579b Using Archival Radial Velocities: A Warm Neptune Orbiting a Bright Solar Analog|doi=10.3847/2041-8213/abe0bb|last1=Palatnick|first1=Skyler|last2=Kipping|first2=David|last3=Yahalomi|first3=Daniel|journal=The Astrophysical Journal Letters|volume=909|issue=1|pages=L6|bibcode=2021ApJ...909L...6P|s2cid=231719821 |doi-access=free }}</ref> The planet's existence was confirmed by both ground-based and satellite-based transit photometry data by December 2021.<ref name=Lam2021/>
Gliese 367 b is a close-orbiting sub-Earth that takes just 7.7 hours to orbit its star, one of the shortest orbits of any planet. Due to its close orbit, the exoplanet gets bombarded with radiation over 500 times what Earth receives from the Sun.<ref name=Lam2021/><ref name="ExoFOP">{{cite web |url=https://exofop.ipac.caltech.edu/tess/target.php?id=34068865 |title=ExoFOP TIC 34068865 |date= |website=exofop.ipac.caltech.edu |publisher= |access-date=7 December 2021 |archive-date=8 December 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211208012831/https://exofop.ipac.caltech.edu/tess/target.php?id=34068865 |url-status=live }}</ref> Dayside temperatures on GJ 367b are around {{convert|1,500|C|K F|lk=on}}.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Iron-Rich Sub-Earth Exoplanet Found Orbiting Gliese 367 {{!}} Sci-News.com|url=http://www.sci-news.com/astronomy/sub-earth-gliese-367b-10331.html|access-date=2021-12-03|website=Breaking Science News {{!}} Sci-News.com|date=3 December 2021|language=en-US|archive-date=2022-01-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220115220312/http://www.sci-news.com/astronomy/sub-earth-gliese-367b-10331.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Due to its close orbit, it most likely is tidally locked.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Mann|first=Adam|date=2021-12-02|title=Metal Planet Orbits Its Star Every 7.7 Hours|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/12/02/science/iron-exoplanet-super-mercury.html|access-date=2021-12-03|issn=0362-4331|archive-date=2021-12-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211208234221/https://www.nytimes.com/2021/12/02/science/iron-exoplanet-super-mercury.html|url-status=live}}</ref> The atmosphere of Gliese 367 b, due to the extreme temperatures, would have boiled away along with signs of life.<ref name=":0" /> The core of GJ 367b is likely composed of iron and nickel, making its core similar to Mercury's core. The core of GJ 367b is extremely dense, making up most of the planet's mass.<ref name=":0" />
A direct imaging study in 2022 failed to find any additional planets or stellar companions around Gliese 367. This rules out any companions at distances greater than 5 AU with masses greater than {{Jupiter mass|20|link=y}} (for an age of 5 billion years).<ref name=Brandner/> The discovery of two additional super-Earth-mass planets with periods of 11.5 and 34 days was published in 2023.<ref name="Goffo2023"/>
{{OrbitboxPlanet begin | name = Gliese 367 | table_ref = <ref name="Goffo2023"/> | period_unit = day }} {{OrbitboxPlanet | exoplanet = b / Tahay | mass_earth = {{val|0.633|0.050}} | radius_earth = {{val|0.699|0.024}} | semimajor = {{val|0.00709|0.00027}} | period = {{val|0.3219225|(2)}} | eccentricity = {{val|0.06|0.07|0.04}} | inclination = {{val|79.89|0.87|0.85}} }} {{OrbitboxPlanet | exoplanet = c | mass_earth = {{val|4.13|0.36|p=≥}} | radius_earth = | semimajor = | period = {{val|11.5301|0.0078}} | eccentricity = {{val|0.09|0.07}} | inclination = }} {{OrbitboxPlanet | exoplanet = d | mass_earth = {{val|6.03|0.49|p=≥}} | radius_earth = | semimajor = | period = {{val|34.369|0.073}} | eccentricity = {{val|0.14|0.09}} | inclination = }} {{Orbitbox end}}
== See also == *List of nearest exoplanets
== References == {{Reflist|refs=
<ref name=SIMBAD>{{cite simbad |title=CD-45 5378|access-date=2021-12-04}}</ref>
<ref name=DR3>{{cite Gaia DR3|5412250540681250560}}</ref>
<ref name=xhip>{{cite XHIP| 47780}}</ref>
<ref name=Lam2021>{{cite journal|arxiv=2112.01309|year=2021|title=GJ 367b: A dense, ultrashort-period sub-Earth planet transiting a nearby red dwarf star|doi=10.1126/science.aay3253|last1=Lam|first1=Kristine W. F.|last2=Csizmadia|first2=Szilárd|last3=Astudillo-Defru|first3=Nicola|last4=Bonfils|first4=Xavier|last5=Gandolfi|first5=Davide|last6=Padovan|first6=Sebastiano|last7=Esposito|first7=Massimiliano|last8=Hellier|first8=Coel|last9=Hirano|first9=Teruyuki|last10=Livingston|first10=John|last11=Murgas|first11=Felipe|last12=Smith|first12=Alexis M. S.|last13=Collins|first13=Karen A.|last14=Mathur|first14=Savita|last15=Garcia|first15=Rafael A.|last16=Howell|first16=Steve B.|last17=Santos|first17=Nuno C.|last18=Dai|first18=Fei|last19=Ricker|first19=George R.|last20=Vanderspek|first20=Roland|last21=Latham|first21=David W.|last22=Seager|first22=Sara|last23=Winn|first23=Joshua N.|last24=Jenkins|first24=Jon M.|last25=Albrecht|first25=Simon|last26=Almenara|first26=Jose M.|last27=Artigau|first27=Etienne|last28=Barragán|first28=Oscar|last29=Bouchy|first29=François|last30=Cabrera|first30=Juan|journal=Science|volume=374|issue=6572|pages=1271–1275|pmid=34855492|bibcode=2021Sci...374.1271L |s2cid=244799656|display-authors=1}}</ref>
<ref name=Brandner>{{cite journal|doi=10.1093/mnras/stac961|title=High-contrast, high-angular resolution view of the GJ 367 exoplanet system |year=2022 |last1=Brandner |first1=Wolfgang |last2=Calissendorff |first2=Per |last3=Frankel |first3=Neige |last4=Cantalloube |first4=Faustine |journal=Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society |volume=513 |issue=1 |pages=661–669 |doi-access=free |bibcode=2022MNRAS.513..661B |arxiv=2204.02998 }}</ref>
<ref name=Gaidos2023>{{Cite journal |last1=Gaidos |first1=Eric |last2=Claytor |first2=Zachary |last3=Dungee |first3=Ryan |last4=Ali |first4=Aleezah |last5=Feiden |first5=Gregory A |date=2023-02-22 |title=The TIME Table: rotation and ages of cool exoplanet host stars |journal=Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society |language=en |volume=520 |issue=4 |pages=5283–5304 |doi=10.1093/mnras/stad343 |doi-access=free |issn=0035-8711|arxiv=2301.12109 }}</ref>
<ref name="NEW2022">{{cite web |url=https://www.nameexoworlds.iau.org/2022approved-names |title=2022 Approved Names |website=nameexoworlds.iau.org |publisher=IAU |access-date=7 June 2023 |archive-date=1 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240501010333/https://nameexoworlds.iau.org/2022approved-names |url-status=live }}</ref>
<ref name="Goffo2023">{{cite journal |last1=Goffo |first1=Elisa |last2=Gandolfi |first2=Davide |display-authors=etal |date=September 2023 |title=Company for the ultra-high density, ultra-short period sub-Earth GJ 367 b: discovery of two additional low-mass planets at 11.5 and 34 days |journal=The Astrophysical Journal Letters |volume=955 |issue=1 |pages=L3 |doi=10.3847/2041-8213/ace0c7 |arxiv=2307.09181 |bibcode=2023ApJ...955L...3G |doi-access=free }}</ref>
}}
{{Stars of Vela}}
Category:M-type main-sequence stars Category:Planetary systems with three confirmed planets Category:Planetary transit variables Category:Vela (constellation) 047780 0367 CD-45 5378 0731 Añañuca