{{Short description|Italian cardinal and bishop}}{{Infobox Christian leader | type = Cardinal | name = Girolamo Rusticucci | title = Cardinal-Bishop of Porto e Santa Rufina | image = Girolamo Rusticucci.JPG | church = Catholic Church | diocese = Suburbicarian Diocese of Porto e Santa Rufina | term = 19 February 1603 – 14 June 1603 | predecessor = Tolomeo Gallio | successor = Girolamo Simoncelli | previous_post = Cardinal-Bishop of Sabina <small>(1600-1603)</small><br />Cardinal-Bishop of Albano <small>(1598-1600)</small><br />Cardinal-Priest of Santa Maria in Trastevere <small>(1597-1598)</small><br />Cardinal-Priest of Santa Susanna <small>(1570-1597)</small><br />Bishop of Senigallia <small>(1570-1577)</small> | consecration = 26 November 1570 | consecrated_by = Marcantonio Maffei<ref name=CatHie>{{cite web|url=https://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/bishop/brustic.html|title=Girolamo ''Cardinal'' Rusticucci|website=Catholic-Hierarchy.org|access-date=2026-03-27}}</ref> | cardinal = 17 May 1570 | created_cardinal_by = Pope Pius V<ref name=CatHie /> | birth_date = {{birth year|1537}} | birth_place = Cartoceto, March of Ancona, Papal States | death_date = {{death date and age|1603|6|14|1537|df=y}} | death_place = Rome, Papal States }}[[Image:Girolamo Rusticucci COA.jpg|thumb|right|150px|Coat of arms of Cardinal Girolamo Rusticucci.]] '''Girolamo Rusticucci''' (1537 – 14 June 1603) was an Italian Roman Catholic cardinal and bishop. He was personal secretary to Cardinal Michele Ghislieri, later Pope Pius V, who made Rusticucci a cardinal. He occupied numerous important positions, including papal legate to France and Spain, Camerlengo (treasurer) and Vice-Dean of the College of Cardinals, and Vicar General of Rome.
He built a palace near Saint Peter's Square in Rome, located on a new piazza that was named after the cardinal.
==Biography==
Girolamo Rusticucci was born in Cartoceto in 1537, the son of Ludovico Rusticucci, a famous jurisconsult, and his wife Diamante Leonardi.<ref name="bare_url">{{cite web|authorlink=Salvador Miranda (historian) |last=Miranda |first=Salvador |title=RUSTICUCCI, Girolamo (1537-1603)|url=https://cardinals.fiu.edu/bios1570.htm#Rusticucci|work=The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church |accessdate=|publisher=Florida International University Libraries|oclc=53276621}}</ref> As a young man, he studied literature and oratory.<ref name="bare_url" />
Rusticucci traveled to Rome in 1557, entering the court of Cardinal Michele Ghislieri, who later became Pope Pius V, as the cardinal's personal secretary.<ref name="bare_url" /> When the cardinal became pope, he made Rusticucci a protonotary apostolic.<ref name="bare_url" /> Also, when Cardinal Michele Bonelli, Pope Pius V's cardinal-nephew, was absent, the pope put Rusticucci in charge of managing most of the church's affairs.<ref name="bare_url" />
Pope Pius V made him a cardinal priest in the consistory of 17 May 1570.<ref name="bare_url" /> He received the red hat and the titular church of Santa Susanna on 9 June 1570.<ref name="bare_url" />
On 16 June 1570 he was elected Bishop of Senigallia.<ref name="bare_url" /> He was consecrated as a bishop in the Sistine Chapel by Cardinal Marcantonio Maffei with Francesco Rusticucci, Bishop of Fano, and Giuseppe Pamphilj, Bishop of Segni, serving as co-consecrators.<ref name="bare_url" /> As a bishop, he promoted educating his clergy along the lines provided by the Council of Trent.<ref name="bare_url" /> He resigned the government of the diocese sometime before 29 November 1577.<ref name="bare_url" />
Pope Pius V then named him papal legate to Spain and the Kingdom of France to promote war against the Ottoman Empire.<ref name="bare_url" /> He participated in the papal conclave of 1572 that elected Pope Gregory XIII, and in the papal conclave of 1585 that elected Pope Sixtus V.<ref name="bare_url" /> He served as Vicar General of Rome from 1588 to 1603.<ref name="bare_url" /> He was also a participant in the papal conclave of September 1590 that elected Pope Urban VII; the papal conclave of October–December 1590 that elected Pope Gregory XIV; and the papal conclave of 1591 that elected Pope Innocent IX.<ref name="bare_url" /> He became Camerlengo of the Sacred College of Cardinals on 8 January 1590 and was confirmed in the post on 14 February 1592.<ref name="bare_url" /> He participated in the papal conclave of 1592 that elected Pope Clement VIII.<ref name="bare_url" /> The new pope confirmed him as Camerlengo of the Sacred College of Cardinals, and he held that position from 14 February 1592 to 1593.<ref name="bare_url" />
On 18 August 1597 he opted for the titular church of Santa Maria in Trastevere.<ref name="bare_url" /> Soon thereafter, he became the cardinal protopriest.<ref name="bare_url" /> He opted for the order of cardinal bishops on 30 March 1598, taking the Suburbicarian Diocese of Albano.<ref name="bare_url" /> He opted for the Suburbicarian Diocese of Sabina on 21 February 1600 and then for the Suburbicarian Diocese of Porto e Santa Rufina on 19 February 1603.<ref name="bare_url" /> He was the Vice-Dean of the College of Cardinals.<ref name="bare_url" />
He died in Rome on 14 June 1603.<ref name="bare_url" /> He was buried in Santa Susanna.<ref name="bare_url" />
==Palazzo Rusticucci-Accoramboni==
In 1584 Rusticucci, after having bought a lesser palace and several houses at the west end of Via Alessandrina in Borgo, gave to Domenico Fontana the task to build a new palace there, the Palazzo Rusticucci-Accoramboni.<ref name=gi86>Gigli (1992) p. 86</ref> The work was finished by Fontana's nephew, Carlo Maderno.<ref name=gi88>Gigli (1992) p. 88</ref> After the work for the erection of Saint Peter's Square, the palace occupied the north side of a new piazza, Piazza Rusticucci, which was named after the cardinal.<ref name=gi88/>
==Sources== *{{cite book | author=Gigli, Laura | title=Guide rionali di Roma | volume=Borgo (III) | publisher=Fratelli Palombi Editori | location=Roma | issn = 0393-2710 | year=1992 | language=Italian }}
==References== {{commons category|Girolamo Rusticucci}} <references />
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Rusticucci, Girolamo}} Category:1537 births Category:1603 deaths Category:Cardinal-nephews Category:Cardinals created by Pope Pius V Category:16th-century Italian cardinals Category:17th-century Italian cardinals Category:Bishops appointed by Pope Pius V Category:16th-century Italian Roman Catholic bishops Category:17th-century Italian Roman Catholic bishops Category:Camerlengos of the Holy Roman Church Category:Cardinal-bishops of Albano Category:Cardinal-bishops of Sabina Category:Cardinal-bishops of Porto