{{Short description|Anglo-Norman baron in Wales}} {{For|the Gilbert fitz Richard referred to in the Gesta Stephani|Gilbert de Clare, 1st Earl of Hertford}} {{Use dmy dates|date=October 2019}} {{Infobox noble | name = Gilbert Fitz Richard | title = 2nd feudal baron of Clare<br/>2nd Lord of Tonbridge<br/> Lord of Cardigan | succession = Hereditary | image = | image_size = | caption = | more = no | reign = 1090–1117 | reign-type = Lord of the Honor of Clare | predecessor = Richard fitz Gilbert | successor = Richard Fitz Gilbert de Clare | suc-type = Successor | spouse = Adeliza de Clermont | spouse-type = Spouse | issue = Walter de Clare<br/>Adelize de Clare<br/>Margaret de Clare<br/>Richard Fitz Gilbert de Clare<br/>Hervey de Clare<br/>Gilbert Fitz Gilbert de Clare<br/>Baldwin Fitz Gilbert de Clare, Lord of Bourne<br/>Rohese de Clare | noble family = de Clare | house-type = Nobility | father = Richard fitz Gilbert | mother = Rohese Giffard | birth_date = 1066 | birth_place = Clare, Suffolk, England | death_date = 1117 | death_place = | burial_place = Tonbridge Priory | occupation = Peerage of England }} '''Gilbert Fitz Richard''' ({{circa|1066}}–{{circa|1117}}), 2nd feudal baron of Clare<ref>Sanders, I.J. English Baronies: A Study of their Origin and Descent 1086-1327, Oxford, 1960, p.35</ref> in Suffolk, and styled "de Tonbridge", was a powerful Anglo-Norman baron who was granted the Lordship of Cardigan, in Wales {{circa|1107–1111}}.
==Life== Gilbert, born before 1066, was the second son and an heir of Richard Fitz Gilbert of Clare and Rohese Giffard.<ref>George Edward Cokayne, ''The Complete Peerage of England Scotland Ireland Great Britain and the United Kingdom, Extant Extinct or Dormant'', Vol III, Ed. Vicary Gibbs (London: The St. Catherine Press, Ltd., 1913), p. 242</ref> He succeeded to his father's possessions in England in 1088 when his father retired to a monastery;<ref>Frank Barlow, ''William Rufus'' (Berkeley & Los Angeles, University of California Press, 1983), p. 73</ref> his brother, Roger Fitz Richard, inherited his father's lands in Normandy.<ref>George Edward Cokayne, ''The Complete Peerage of England Scotland Ireland Great Britain and the United Kingdom, Extant Extinct or Dormant'', Vol III, Ed. Vicary Gibbs (London: The St. Catherine Press, Ltd., 1913), p. 243 & n. (a)</ref> That same year he, along with his brother Roger, fortified his castle at Tonbridge against the forces of William Rufus. But his castle was stormed, Gilbert was wounded and taken prisoner.<ref name="DNBIV377">{{cite DNB|wstitle=Clare, Gilbert de (d.1115?)|volume=10}}</ref> However he and his brother were in attendance on king William Rufus at his death in August 1100.<ref name="DNBIV377"/> He was with Henry I at his Christmas court at Westminster in 1101.<ref name="DNBIV377"/>
It has been hinted, by modern historians, that Gilbert, as a part of a baronial conspiracy, played some part in the suspicious death of William II.<ref name="WR425">Frank Barlow, ''William Rufus'' (Berkeley & Los Angeles, University of California Press, 1983), p. 425</ref> Frank Barlow points out that no proof has been found he had any part in the king's death or that a conspiracy even existed.<ref name="WR425"/>
In 1110, King Henry I took Cardigan from Owain ap Cadwgan, son of Cadwgan ap Bleddyn as punishment for a number of crimes including that of the abduction of Nest, wife of Gerald de Windsor.<ref>John Davies, ''A History of Wales'' (London: Penguin Group, 1993), pp. 112–13</ref> In turn Henry gave the Lordship of Cardigan, including Cardigan Castle to Gilbert Fitz Richard.<ref name="CPIII243">George Edward Cokayne, ''The Complete Peerage of England Scotland Ireland Great Britain and the United Kingdom, Extant Extinct or Dormant'', Vol III, Ed. Vicary Gibbs (London: The St. Catherine Press, Ltd., 1913), p. 243</ref> He founded the Clunic priory at Stoke-by-Clare, Suffolk.<ref name="CPIII243"/> Gilbert died in or before 1117.<ref name="CPIII243"/><ref name="ES1114-653">Detlev Schwennicke, ''Europäische Stammtafeln: Stammtafeln zur Geschichte der Europäischen Staaten'', Neue Folge, Band III Teilband 4 (Marburg, Germany: Verlag von J. A. Stargardt, 1984), Tafel 653</ref>
==Family== About 1088,<ref>Frank Barlow, ''William Rufus'' (Berkeley & Los Angeles, University of California Press, 1983), p. 140</ref> Gilbert married Adeliza/Alice de Clermont, daughter of Hugh, Count of Clermont, and Margaret de Ramerupt.<ref name="ES1114-653"/> Gilbert and Adeliza had at least eight children: * Richard Fitz Gilbert de Clare, d. 1136.<ref name="SPFH214">John Horace Round, ''Studies in Peerage and Family History'' (Archibald Constable and Co., Ltd., 1901), p. 214</ref> * Gilbert Fitz Gilbert de Clare, d. 1148, 1st Earl of Pembroke.<ref name="SPFH214"/> * Baldwin Fitz Gilbert de Clare, d. 1154, m. Adeline de Rollos.<ref>K.S.B. Keats-Rohan, ''Domesday Descendants: A Prosopography of Persons Occurring in English Documents 1066–1166'', Vol. II (UK & Rochester, NY: Boydell & Brewer, 2002), pp. 668–69</ref> * Adelize/Alice de Clare, d. 1163, m. (ca. 1105), Aubrey II de Vere, son of Aubrey I de Vere and Beatrice.<ref>K.S.B. Keats-Rohan, ''Family Trees and the Root of Politics; A Prosopography of Britain and France from the Tenth to the Twelfth Century'' (Woodbridge UK: The Boydell Press, 1997), p. 180</ref> She had 9 children and in her widowhood was a corrodian at St. Osyth's, Chich, Essex. * Hervey de Clare, Lord of Montmorency.<ref>James H. Ramsay, ''The Angevin Empire, or the Three Reigns of Henry II, Richard I, and John'' (New York: The Macmillan Co., 1903), p. 151</ref> * Walter de Clare, d. 1149.<ref>George Edward Cokayne, ''The Complete Peerage; or, A History of the House of Lords and All its Members from the Earliest Times'', Vol. X, Eds. H. A. Doubleday, Geoffrey H. White, & Howard de Walden (London: The St. Catherine Press, Ltd., 1945), p. 348 n. (c)</ref> * Margaret de Clare, d. 1185, m. (ca. 1108), Sir William de Montfitchet, Lord of Stansted Mountfitchet.<ref>J.R. Planché, ''The Conqueror and His Companions'' (London: Tinsley Brothers, 1874), p. 52</ref> * Rohese de Clare, d. 1149, m. (ca. 1130), Baderon of Monmouth<ref>George Edward Cokayne, ''The Complete Peerage of England Scotland Ireland Great Britain and the United Kingdom, Extant Extinct or Dormant'', Vol 12, Part 2, Eds. Geoffrey H. White & R.S. Lea (London: The St. Catherine Press, Ltd., 1959), p. 168</ref>
==References== {{reflist|35em}}
{{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Gilbert fitz Richard}} Category:Anglo-Normans Category:De Clare family Category:People from Clare, Suffolk Category:Burials at Tonbridge Priory, Kent Category:1060s births
Category:1110s deaths
Category:Year of birth uncertain
Category:Year of death uncertain