{{Short description|2011 public service announcement}} {{good article}} {{Italic title}} {{Use New Zealand English|date=October 2025}} {{Use dmy dates|date=October 2025}} {{Infobox advertising | name = Ghost Chips | italics = yes | image = Ghost Chips advertisement screenshot.jpg | image_alt = A young man walks along a street as a ghost hands him chips | image_size = | thumbtime = | upright = | caption = The "ghost chips" scene from the advertisement | agency = Clemenger BBDO | client = NZ Transport Agency | market = | language = | media = | runtime = 1 minute<ref name="NZOS" /> | product = | released = 23 October 2011 | slogan = Stop a mate driving drunk, bloody legend. | writer = | director = Steve Ayson<ref name="NZOS" /> | music = Mahuia Bridgman-Cooper<ref name="NZOS" /> | starring = Darcey-Ray Flavell-Hudson | production company = The Sweet Shop | producer = | country = New Zealand | budget = | preceded_by = | followed_by = | website = }}
'''''Legend''''', popularly known as '''''Ghost Chips''''',{{sfn|Niland|Lyons|Goodwin|Hutton|2013|p=536}} is a 2011 public service announcement by the NZ Transport Agency (NZTA) to prevent drink driving. Targeting young Māori men, a demographic with a high rate of drink driving incidents, the advertisement targeted bystanders who could prevent peers from driving drunk. Its comedic tone contrasted with campaigns that used graphic imagery. The film depicts the internal monologue of a young man (portrayed by Darcey-Ray Flavell-Hudson) who is unsure whether to tell his friend not to drive drunk but imagines the consequences of not doing so, including his friend becoming a ghost. The advertisement went viral, and received praise for its humour and realism. It became a New Zealand cultural icon and meme, inspiring multiple catchphrases. The NZTA reported in 2012 that over 90% of people in the country knew of the advertisement.
== Synopsis == {{external media | float = left | width = 190px | video1 = ''[https://www.nzonscreen.com/title/legend-ghost-chips Legend (Ghost Chips)]'', via NZ On Screen }} The advertisement is presented through the internal monologue of its protagonist, a Māori young man at a party, who is unsure whether to tell his friend George not to drive drunk.{{sfn|Niland|Lyons|Goodwin|Hutton|2013|p=536}}<ref name="Backhouse" /> He worries that he may make himself look dumb if he speaks.{{sfn|Niland|Lyons|Goodwin|Hutton|2013|p=536}} However, he considers that if George gets in an accident, he may have to live with George's family.{{sfn|Rahman|Bhargava|2015|p=13}} He also imagines that George may die and become a ghost, haunting him by offering him "ghost chips" that the corporeal protagonist cannot eat.{{sfn|Niland|Lyons|Goodwin|Hutton|2013|p=536}}<ref name="Stuff 2016" /> The protagonist ultimately decides to stop George from driving drunk, telling him, "crash here!"{{sfn|Niland|Lyons|Goodwin|Hutton|2013|p=536}} The advertisement ends with a voiceover saying, "Stop a mate from driving drunk. Legend."{{sfn|Rahman|Bhargava|2015|p=12}}
== Production and release == The NZ Transport Agency (NZTA) had run a public service announcement campaign about drink driving since the mid-1990s. NZTA's principal advisor Rachel Prince said that the agency worked to identify a target audience for messaging that would reduce drink driving. Young men had a high risk of drink driving, comprising 82% of serious or fatal drink driving crashes between 2008 and 2010.<ref name="Hunt" /> The rate was particularly high among Māori men, with Māoris comprising 38% of such incidents during this period.<ref name="Cook">{{Cite web |last=Cook |first=Megan |date=3 December 2012 |title=Māori smoking, alcohol and drugs – tūpeka, waipiro me te tarukino |url=https://teara.govt.nz/en/video/39872/ghost-chips |access-date=4 October 2025 |website=Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand |archive-date=27 July 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250727103150/https://teara.govt.nz/en/video/39872/ghost-chips |url-status=live }}</ref> Prince spoke with focus groups and found that young men avoided intervening with friends who drove drunk out of fear of awkwardness, so she aimed for messaging that shifted awkwardness to humour. NZTA shifted the focus of its messaging toward bystanders who may prevent their friends from drink driving.<ref name="Hunt" />
NZTA created ''Ghost Chips'' in collaboration with marketing communications agency Clemenger BBDO and production studio The Sweet Shop.{{sfn|Rahman|Bhargava|2015|p=11}} Four concepts created by Clemenger BBDO were combined into the final advertisement after test screenings.<ref name="Hunt" /> Unlike other NZTA campaigns, which had used graphic imagery, ''Ghost Chips'' was a comedy. The agency explained, "We want them to have the guts to speak up and say something without feeling like they've killed the mood. We need to break through this barrier and the use of humour is key to achieving this successfully."<ref name="Johnston" /> NZTA's manager of communications, Lauren Cooke, said a comedic advertisement was created to contrast with the graphic advertisements, which audiences were already familiar with.<ref name="Macintosh" />
The protagonist was played by Darcey-Ray Flavell-Hudson, who had gained recognition from his role in the 2010 Taika Waititi film ''Boy''.{{sfn|Bannister|2022|p=56}}<ref name="Stuff 2016" /> Flavell-Hudson later recalled that he had initially considered the script "over the top".<ref name="Morton" /> Eleven-year-old Cameron Carter-Chan was initially cast in a non-speaking role, but, as the script was edited to be more comedic, he was given the line "Puzzle time!"<ref name="Fawcett">{{Cite news |last=Fawcett |first=Stephanie |date=31 May 2012 |title=Ghost chips ad star laps up fame |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/entertainment/tv-radio/7029217/Ghost-chips-ad-star-laps-up-fame |access-date=4 October 2025 |work=Stuff}}</ref> The film's editing blurs the backgrounds of some scenes, which emphasises the main characters. The music consists of a drum beat during the opening party scene and again during the ending.{{sfn|Rahman|Bhargava|2015|p=13}}
''Ghost Chips'' was aired as part of the ''Legend'' campaign of public service announcements,<ref name="Backhouse" /> which had first been announced in 2006.<ref>{{Cite news |date=27 April 2006 |title=New drink-driving ad aimed at friends and family |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/new-drink-driving-ad-aimed-at-friends-and-family/WHNNO7MDMNSKPPN6WOPXKRT7SQ/ |access-date=4 October 2025 |work=The New Zealand Herald |archive-date=5 October 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251005033145/https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/new-drink-driving-ad-aimed-at-friends-and-family/WHNNO7MDMNSKPPN6WOPXKRT7SQ/ |url-status=live }}</ref> The campaign also included advertisements on radio, billboards, and at bars. Along with airing on television, the ''Ghost Chips'' advertisement was posted on YouTube on 23 October 2011,<ref name="Backhouse">{{Cite news |last=Backhouse |first=Matthew |date=3 November 2011 |title='Ghost chips' ad to reach 1 million views |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/ghost-chips-ad-to-reach-1-million-views/CW53SEEGILTRC7OCYNEMGRPZQA/ |access-date=4 October 2025 |work=The New Zealand Herald |archive-date=21 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240421204401/https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/ghost-chips-ad-to-reach-1-million-views/CW53SEEGILTRC7OCYNEMGRPZQA/ |url-status=live }}</ref> receiving over 100,000 views within six days<ref name="Johnston" /> and over one million views within two weeks.<ref name="Cook" /> It was the year's fifth-most viewed advertisement on YouTube in Australia.<ref>{{Cite news |author=((Goo<!--yes this is actually credited to Google-->gle)) |date=21 December 2011 |title=YouTube's Top Ten viral ad hits of 2011 |url=https://www.abc.net.au/technology/articles/2011/12/21/3395727.htm |access-date=4 October 2025 |work=ABC Online}}</ref> It also went viral on Facebook,<ref name="Backhouse" /><ref name="Johnston" /> and a Facebook page whose only post was the video received 25,000 likes by November 2011.<ref name="Rolls" /> NZTA media manager Andy Knackstedt said in November 2011 that it was the fastest-growing advertisement in New Zealand.<ref name="Backhouse" />
== Reception and analysis == ''Ghost Chips'' was praised by viewers within the target demographic and media professionals for its humour, relatability, and realistic dialogue.{{sfn|Rahman|Bhargava|2015|p=11}} It was positively received by YouTube viewers, with commenters praising it for being unlike public service announcements that used graphic imagery.<ref name="Johnston">{{Cite news |last=Johnston |first=Kirsty |date=27 October 2011 |title='Ghost chips' a hit in drink driving campaign |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/5864702/Ghost-chips-a-hit-in-drink-driving-campaign |access-date=4 October 2025 |work=Stuff |archive-date=6 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240406161254/https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/5864702/Ghost-chips-a-hit-in-drink-driving-campaign |url-status=live }}</ref> It won the TVC of the Year award at the 2012 AXIS Awards, as well as the Yellow Pencil in the Integrated and Earned Media category at the 2012 D&AD Awards.<ref name="NZOS">{{Cite web |title=Legend (Ghost Chips) - Road Safety {{!}} Commercial |url=https://www.nzonscreen.com/title/legend-ghost-chips/overview |access-date=5 October 2025 |website=NZ On Screen |archive-date=12 February 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250212105203/https://www.nzonscreen.com/title/legend-ghost-chips/overview |url-status=live }}</ref> Writing for ''Stuff'' magazine, Lucy Zee and Emily Brookes praised the advertisement for its "surreal twists and turns", crediting its script and its colourful, dynamic cinematography.<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Zee |first1=Lucy |last2=Brookes |first2=Emily |date=22 August 2019 |title=The most memorable ads on New Zealand television ever |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/entertainment/tv-radio/115179180/eight-kiwi-television-ads-weve-loved |access-date=4 October 2025 |work=Stuff |archive-date=8 July 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220708193844/https://www.stuff.co.nz/entertainment/tv-radio/115179180/eight-kiwi-television-ads-weve-loved |url-status=live }}</ref> In a 2016 reader poll by ''The New Zealand Herald'', ''Ghost Chips'' was voted the best television advertisement in New Zealand, narrowly beating a 1999 Toyota commercial that featured the slogan "Bugger".<ref>{{Cite news |last=<!--not stated--> |date=20 July 2016 |title=Ghost Chips has been named New Zealand's best ad - but it was close |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/entertainment/ghost-chips-has-been-named-new-zealands-best-ad-but-it-was-close/RMBCT3MVXTH5DUTHSC6FNLXOBA/ |access-date=4 October 2025 |work=The New Zealand Herald}}</ref>
Radio New Zealand's Elle Hunt contrasted the ''Legend'' campaign's use of the slogan "Bloody legend" with a previous NZTA campaign with the slogan "Bloody idiot", shifting the focus from discouragement of drunk drivers to encouragement of bystanders.<ref name="Hunt">{{Cite news |last=Hunt |first=Elle |date=30 July 2014 |title=A hard sell to stop mates driving drunk |url=https://www.rnz.co.nz/news/the-wireless/371809/a-hard-sell-to-stop-mates-driving-drunk |access-date=4 October 2025 |work=Radio New Zealand}}</ref> According to an article in the ''International Journal of Drug Policy'', ''Ghost Chips'' incorporates elements of friendship and drinking culture to make its point.{{sfn|Niland|Lyons|Goodwin|Hutton|2013|p=536}} Marketing professor Nick Ashill stated that the advertisement's success resulted from its comedic reproducibility.<ref name="Macintosh">{{Cite news |last=Macintosh |first=Tobias |date=4 April 2025 |title=New road safety ad shows 'harsh realities' of a topic that's 'not easy to talk to people about' |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/nz-news/360600611/new-road-safety-ad-shows-harsh-realities-topic-thats-not-easy-talk-people-about |access-date=4 October 2025 |work=Stuff |archive-date=5 April 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250405090707/https://www.stuff.co.nz/nz-news/360600611/new-road-safety-ad-shows-harsh-realities-topic-thats-not-easy-talk-people-about |url-status=live }}</ref>
According to media scholar Matthew Bannister, ''Ghost Chips'' is an example of advertising featuring Māori (as well as Pasifika) men with fantastical imagery, comparing it to another driving under the influence–themed PSA, ''Blazed'', directed by Taika Waititi. Bannister also writes that advertisements such as ''Ghost Chips'' present a stereotype of these groups as more emotionally expressive than White men.{{sfn|Bannister|2022|pp=56–57}} Media scholars Khairiah A. Rahman and Deepti Bhargava write that ''Ghost Chips'' positively employs stereotypes of Māori men as funny—having received input from the demographic—while actively avoiding Māori stereotypes present in other advertisements, such as stupidity. Rahman and Bhargava state that the narrative, characters, and setting were written to be relatable to this target demographic, strengthening the persuasive appeal.{{sfn|Rahman|Bhargava|2015|pp=12–13, 16}}
== Impact == ''Ghost Chips'' became a popular culture icon in New Zealand,{{sfn|Rahman|Bhargava|2015|p=13}}<ref name="Hunt" /> inspiring memes, parodies, and t-shirts.<ref>{{Cite news |last=<!--not stated--> |date=19 July 2016 |title=Ghost Chips or Bugger? New Zealand's best ad is down to two |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/entertainment/ghost-chips-or-bugger-new-zealands-best-ad-is-down-to-two/QSCEBR5CQLL7V2CDRA6I2QLZVI/ |access-date=4 October 2025 |work=The New Zealand Herald |archive-date=23 October 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251023154814/https://www.nzherald.co.nz/entertainment/ghost-chips-or-bugger-new-zealands-best-ad-is-down-to-two/QSCEBR5CQLL7V2CDRA6I2QLZVI/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Several quotations, including "You know I can't eat your ghost chips, bro", "Puzzle time!", and "I've been internalising a really complicated situation in my head" became popular and recognised to convey anti–drink driving messaging.<ref name="Hunt" /> For example, in 2012, police officers created and distributed wristbands with the words "ghost chips",<ref>{{Cite news |last=Leask |first=Anna |date=9 July 2012 |title=Ghost chip wristbands: Have you got yours? (+videos) |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/ghost-chip-wristbands-have-you-got-yours-videos/LL4XTX2L3AMQLQ55FDLMYRUZPA/ |access-date=4 October 2012 |work=The New Zealand Herald |archive-date=25 March 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250325123920/https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/ghost-chip-wristbands-have-you-got-yours-videos/LL4XTX2L3AMQLQ55FDLMYRUZPA/ |url-status=live }}</ref> and in 2022, a group of high school students in Christchurch began selling air fresheners with that same phrase.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Paterson |first=Kate |date=11 October 2022 |title=Christchurch Girls' High students start innovative business to tackle drink driving |url=https://www.odt.co.nz/star-news/star-christchurch/christchurch-girls-high-students-start-innovative-business-tackle-drink |access-date=4 October 2025 |work=Otago Daily Times |archive-date=30 October 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251030194349/https://www.odt.co.nz/star-news/star-christchurch/christchurch-girls-high-students-start-innovative-business-tackle-drink |url-status=live }}</ref> The advertisement received coverage in television programmes such as ''7 Days'' and ''Jono and Ben at Ten''.<ref name="Hunt" /> It also inspired the 2011 song "Ghost Chips" by the New Zealand hip-hop group The Cuzzies.<ref name="Rolls">{{Cite news |last=Rolls |first=Martine |date=8 November 2011 |title=Humour helps get message across |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/bay-of-plenty-times/news/humour-helps-get-message-across/EJANTH7WJMT52UMYQJE5NXIKOU/ |access-date=4 October 2025 |work=Bay of Plenty Times |archive-date=5 October 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251005033026/https://www.nzherald.co.nz/bay-of-plenty-times/news/humour-helps-get-message-across/EJANTH7WJMT52UMYQJE5NXIKOU/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=<!--not stated--> |title='Ghost Chips' inspired music video goes viral |date=November 6, 2011 |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/entertainment/ghost-chips-inspired-music-video-goes-viral/OQIQCECHV7SH5QH7P4QOGHZCCI/ |access-date=November 1, 2025 |work=New Zealand Herald |archive-date=4 December 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211204174831/https://www.nzherald.co.nz/entertainment/ghost-chips-inspired-music-video-goes-viral/OQIQCECHV7SH5QH7P4QOGHZCCI/ |url-status=live }}</ref> According to ''Stuff'', the advertisement was the inspiration for a joke in Taika Waititi's film ''Thor: Ragnarok'', with a character saying the line, "Piss off ghost!"<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Klein-Nixon |first1=Kylie |last2=Kilgannon |first2=Steve |date=6 November 2017 |title=The most Kiwi moments in Thor: Ragnarok |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/entertainment/film/98627085/the-most-kiwi-moments-in-thor-ragnarok |access-date=4 October 2025 |work=Stuff |archive-date=6 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230306085538/https://www.stuff.co.nz/entertainment/film/98627085/the-most-kiwi-moments-in-thor-ragnarok |url-status=live }}</ref>
Flavell-Hudson gained fame for starring in ''Ghost Chips''. His former school in Rotorua installed a billboard featuring him, which was unveiled in a 2012 ceremony featuring Flavell-Hudson as well as politicians Simon Bridges and Todd McClay.<ref name="Morton">{{Cite news |last=Morton |first=Jamie |date=27 May 2012 |title='Ghost chips' star heads back to school |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/ghost-chips-star-heads-back-to-school/CPSHP7QJ6I7AFBH5344CCRPM7A/ |access-date=4 October 2025 |work=The New Zealand Herald |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230505191705/https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/ghost-chips-star-heads-back-to-school/CPSHP7QJ6I7AFBH5344CCRPM7A/ |archive-date=2023-05-05}}</ref> His ''Ghost Chips'' role led to him being cast in the film ''Mt. Zion''. In 2016, Flavell-Hudson—who occasionally continued acting but had a job as a builder—told ''Stuff'' that he continued to be recognised as "the ghost chips fella".<ref name="Stuff 2016">{{Cite news |last=<!--not stated--> |date=21 July 2016 |title=What the ghost chips guy is doing now |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/entertainment/tv-radio/82350912/what-the-ghost-chips-guy-is-doing-now |access-date=4 October 2025 |work=Stuff |archive-date=5 February 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240205114553/https://www.stuff.co.nz/entertainment/tv-radio/82350912/what-the-ghost-chips-guy-is-doing-now |url-status=live }}</ref> Carter-Chan similarly told ''Stuff'' in 2012 that he was recognised as "the puzzle time guy".<ref name="Fawcett" /> Flavell-Hudson was one of several stars of New Zealand advertisements to make an appearance at the 2019 New Zealand Media Awards.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Casey |first=Alex |date=9 December 2023 |title=Togs, togs, undies: The story behind NZ's most iconic summer ad |url=https://thespinoff.co.nz/pop-culture/09-12-2023/togs-togs-undies-the-story-behind-nzs-most-iconic-summer-ad |access-date=4 October 2025 |work=The Spinoff |archive-date=13 September 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250913110113/https://thespinoff.co.nz/pop-culture/09-12-2023/togs-togs-undies-the-story-behind-nzs-most-iconic-summer-ad |url-status=live }}</ref>
A study by NZTA, published in ''The New Zealand Herald'' in October 2012, found that over 90% of New Zealanders recognised the advertisement, and about 75% considered it likely to prevent them from driving drunk, going beyond the target demographic of Māori young men and exceeding the reach of other NZTA campaigns.<ref>{{Cite news |last=<!--not stated--> |date=20 October 2012 |title=Ghost Chips ad has 'off the chart' value |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/ghost-chips-ad-has-off-the-chart-value/R7XP2TPZZ3TTSXRO2MYKLAPPYI/ |access-date=4 October 2025 |work=The New Zealand Herald |archive-date=6 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240406062034/https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/ghost-chips-ad-has-off-the-chart-value/R7XP2TPZZ3TTSXRO2MYKLAPPYI/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Some people credited the advertisement with a decline in road deaths.<ref name="Fawcett" /><ref>{{Cite news |last=Wade |first=Amelia |date=14 May 2012 |title=Teen drink-drive numbers falling |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/teen-drink-drive-numbers-falling/OUL5M5UGEF2KG6YWXU3XNWRYCM/ |access-date=4 October 2025 |work=The New Zealand Herald |archive-date=18 March 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250318212649/https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/teen-drink-drive-numbers-falling/OUL5M5UGEF2KG6YWXU3XNWRYCM/ |url-status=live }}</ref> However, Prince told Radio New Zealand in 2014 that it was impossible to determine the campaign's direct impact, saying, "We're just one of the cogs in the machine."<ref name="Hunt" />
== See also == * ''Cow'' (public service announcement) * ''Embrace Life'' * New Zealand humour
== References == {{reflist}}
=== Works cited === * {{Cite journal |last=Bannister |first=Matthew |author-link=Matthew Bannister (musician) |date=July 2022 |title=Mixed Messages: Maori/Pasifika Masculinities and Aotearoa/New Zealand Identity in Television Advertising, 2000–2019 |journal=Journal of New Zealand Studies |publisher=Victoria University of Wellington |issue=34 |pages=49–64 |doi=10.3316/informit.543760332664368 |doi-broken-date=20 October 2025}} * {{Cite journal |last1=Niland |first1=Patricia |last2=Lyons |first2=Antonia C. |last3=Goodwin |first3=Ian |last4=Hutton |first4=Fiona |date=November 2013 |title='Everyone Can Loosen up and Get a Bit of a Buzz On': Young Adults, Alcohol and Friendship Practices |journal=International Journal of Drug Policy |volume=24 |issue=6 |pages=530–537 |doi=10.1016/j.drugpo.2013.05.013 |pmid=23867049}} * {{Cite conference |last1=Rahman |first1=Khairiah A. |last2=Bhargava |first2=Deepti |date=2015-12-02 |title=Storyteller as the Cultural Intermediary in Persuasive Narratives |url=http://www.icmcc2015.usm.my/ |conference=Second International Conference on Media, Communication and Culture |location=Vistana Hotel, Penang, Malaysia |pages=1–20}}
Category:2011 works Category:Advertising in New Zealand Category:Ghosts in popular culture Category:New Zealand comedy Category:Public service announcements Category:2010s viral videos Category:Works about driving under the influence Category:Works about Māori people