{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2024}} {{Infobox ethnic group | group = Doms in Egypt | population = '''100,000''' (estimated) | langs = Domari, Egyptian Arabic | rels = Islam (main religion), Christianity (1%)<ref>{{cite web | url=https://joshuaproject.net/people_groups/11597/EG | title=Romani, Domari in Egypt }}</ref> | related = Romani people, Nawar people, Kawliya | popplace = Upper Egypt, Cairo and Alexandria }} The '''Dom''' (دوم) people migrated from South Asia to the territory of present-day Egypt. The assumed consensus was that they were originally from Egypt, which later made them known around the world by the vernacular term ''Gypsies'', deriving from the word ''Egyptian.''<ref>{{Cite web |date=2012-12-07 |title=Gypsies arrived in Europe 1,500 years ago, genetic study says |url=http://www.theguardian.com/world/2012/dec/07/gypsies-arrived-europe-1500-genetic |access-date=2023-01-19 |website=the Guardian |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nehemiahteams.com/uploads/1/0/4/3/10430011/gypsy_domari_n_africa.pdf|title=Gypsy, Domari of Egypt|website=Nehemiahteams.com|access-date=16 July 2022}}</ref>
==History== {{See also|Achaemenid conquest of the Indus Valley#Indian tributes|Egypt–India relations#Ancient relations|Indo-Mediterranean|History of Persian Egypt}} Though there was some discrimination against the Dom people in Egypt,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://egyptianstreets.com/2022/04/07/homeless-yet-at-home-egypts-domari-ghagar/|title="Homeless, yet at home": Egypt's Domari Ghagar|website=Egyptianstreets.com|date=7 April 2022|access-date=16 July 2022}}</ref> historically, Domari in Egypt have intermixed with Egyptians and participate in local musical entertainment at weddings, circumcisions, and other celebrations, sing Egyptian traditional songs, and dance in return for money. The Dom people in Egypt, or Roma Egyptians, include subgroups, such as Nawar and '''Ghagar''' or '''Ghaggar''' (غجر).<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=54gyRnhIugkC&dq=egypt+nawar+gypsies&pg=PA236|title=Peoples on the Move: Introducing the Nomads of the World|first=David J.|last=Phillips|date=16 July 2001|publisher=William Carey Library|isbn=9781903689059 |access-date=16 July 2022|via=Google Books}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=Berland |first=Joseph C. |date=2004 |title=Customary Strangers: New Perspectives on Peripatetic Peoples in the Middle East, Africa, and Asia |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8CAv53wlHfoC&q=syria+nawar+gypsies&pg=PA71 |location=Westport, Connecticut |publisher=Praeger Publishers |isbn=0-89789-771-4 |access-date=2013-10-28 }}</ref>
The Dom in Egypt are Sunni Muslims, and apart from Egyptian Arabic, they also speak their own Domari language.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://peoplegroups.org/explore/PeopleGroupDetails.aspx?peid=11494#topmenu|title=Doms of Egypt|website=Peoplegroups.org|access-date=25 July 2022}}</ref>
==Ottoman sources== In Evliya Çelebi's ''Seyahatnâme'' of 1668, he explained that the Gypsies from Komotini (Gümülcine) "swear by their heads" their ancestors came from Egypt.<ref name="uchicago">{{cite journal|url=https://static.hum.uchicago.edu//slavic/archived/papers/Friedman-OldestBalkRmiw-BDankoff.pdf|journal=Journal of the Gypsy Lore Society|volume=1|issue=1|date=1991|pages=1–20|title=The Earliest Text in Balkan (Rumelian) Romani: A Passage from Evliya Çelebi's Seyah¢a@t na@meh|access-date=25 July 2022}}</ref> Moreover, the sedentary Gypsy groups from the Serres region in Greece believe their ancestors were once taken from Egypt Eyalet by the Ottomans to Rumelia after 1517 to work on the tobacco plantations of Turkish feudals there.<ref>{{cite journal |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/241899210 |via=ResearchGate|doi=10.3828/rs.2011.2 |title=Sedentary Roma (Gypsies): The case of Serres (Greece) |year=2011 |last1=Zachos |first1=Dimitrios |journal=Romani Studies |volume=21 |pages=23–56 |s2cid=144321480 }}</ref> Muslim Roma settled in Baranya and the City Pécs at the Ottoman Hungary. After the Siege of Pécs, Muslim Roma and some other Muslims converted to the Catholic faith in the years 1686–1713.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hh5kn25Dw98C&dq=pecs+1689&pg=PA88|title=Die Baranya in den Jahren 1686 bis 1713: Kontinuität und Wandel in einem ungarischen Komitat nach dem Abzug der Türken|first=Claus Heinrich|last=Gattermann|date=25 July 2005|publisher=Universitätsverlag Göttingen|isbn=9783938616321 |access-date=25 July 2022|via=Google Books}}</ref> The Ghagar a subgroup of the Doms in Egypt, tell that some of them went to Hungary.<ref>{{cite journal | url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/25228684 | jstor=25228684 | title=The Gypsies of Egypt | journal=The Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland | year=1856 | volume=16 | pages=285–312 | last1=Newbold | first1=Capt | doi=10.1017/S0035869X00156382 }}</ref>
==See also== * Doms in Iraq * Doms in Israel * Doms in Jordan * Doms in Lebanon * Doms in Libya * Doms in Palestine * Doms in Sudan * Doms in Syria * Doms in Tunisia * Zott
==References== {{Reflist}}
==External links== *[http://www.domresearchcenter.com/journal/13/ghagar13.html The Gypsies of Egypt] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923215823/http://www.domresearchcenter.com/journal/13/ghagar13.html |date=23 September 2015 }}, Dom Research Center
{{Dom people}} {{Romani diaspora}} {{Demographics of Egypt|state=collapsed}} {{Africa topic |Romani people in}} {{Asia topic |Romani people in}}
Category:Ethnic groups in Egypt Category:Dom in Africa Category:Dom people