Isotopes of germanium

{{Short description|none}} {{Infobox germanium isotopes}} Germanium (₃₂Ge) has five naturally occurring isotopes, ⁷⁰Ge, ⁷²Ge, ⁷³Ge, ⁷⁴Ge, and ⁷⁶Ge. Of these, ⁷⁶Ge is very slightly radioactive, undergoing double beta decay with a half-life of 2.02&nbsp;×&nbsp;10²¹ years<ref name="Ge76" /> (over 100 billion times the age of the universe).

Stable ⁷⁴Ge is the most common isotope, having a natural abundance of 36.52%; ⁷⁶Ge is the least common with a natural abundance of 7.75%.

At least 27 additional radioisotopes have also been synthesized ranging in atomic mass from 58 to 89. The most stable of these is ⁶⁸Ge, decaying by electron capture with a half-life of 271.05&nbsp;days, whose daughter is the medically useful positron-emitting isotope ⁶⁸Ga. (See gallium-68 generator for notes on the source of this isotope, and its medical use.) The next after that is ⁷¹Ge, also decaying by electron capture with half-life 11.468 days,<ref name="norman2024" /> and the rest are all less than two days, most under two hours.

While most of germanium's radioisotopes decay by beta decay - β⁺ for isotopes lighter than 74-76, and β^- for those heavier - isotopes as heavy as ⁶⁵Ge can also decay by β⁺-delayed proton emission, and those as light as ⁸⁴Ge by β⁻-delayed neutron emission.

⁷⁶Ge is used in experiments on the nature of neutrinos, by searching for neutrinoless double beta decay.

== List of isotopes == {{Anchor|Germanium-58}} <!--Please delete anchor(s) from the list above or table below if adding a dedicated isotope section(s).--> {{Isotopes table | symbol = Ge | refs = NUBASE2020, AME2020 II, IsotopeFRIB, IsomerFRIB | notes = m, unc(), mass#, hl-nst, hl#, spin(), spin#, daughter-st, n, p, EC, IT, discoveryname }} |-id=Germanium-59 | rowspan=3|⁵⁹Ge | rowspan=3 style="text-align:right" | 32 | rowspan=3 style="text-align:right" | 27 | rowspan=3|58.98243(43)# | rowspan=3 style="text-align:center" | [https://www.nndc.bnl.gov/discovery/abstracts/32/59.pdf 2015] | rowspan=3|13.3(17)&nbsp;ms | β⁺, p (93%) | ⁵⁸Zn | rowspan=3|7/2−# | rowspan=3| | rowspan=3| |- | β⁺ (7%) | ⁵⁹Ga |- | 2p (<0.2%) | ⁵⁷Zn |-id=Germanium-60 | rowspan=2|⁶⁰Ge | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 32 | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 28 | rowspan=2|59.970286(24)<ref name="orrigo2021">{{cite journal |last1=Orrigo |first1=S. E. A. |last2=Rubio |first2=B. |last3=Gelletly |first3=W. |last4=Aguilera |first4=P. |last5=Algora |first5=A. |last6=Morales |first6=A. I. |last7=Agramunt |first7=J. |last8=Ahn |first8=D. S. |last9=Ascher |first9=P. |last10=Blank |first10=B. |last11=Borcea |first11=C. |last12=Boso |first12=A. |last13=Cakirli |first13=R. B. |last14=Chiba |first14=J. |last15=de Angelis |first15=G. |last16=de France |first16=G. |last17=Diel |first17=F. |last18=Doornenbal |first18=P. |last19=Fujita |first19=Y. |last20=Fukuda |first20=N. |last21=Ganioğlu |first21=E. |last22=Gerbaux |first22=M. |last23=Giovinazzo |first23=J. |last24=Go |first24=S. |last25=Goigoux |first25=T. |last26=Grévy |first26=S. |last27=Guadilla |first27=V. |last28=Inabe |first28=N. |last29=Kiss |first29=G. G. |last30=Kubo |first30=T. |last31=Kubono |first31=S. |last32=Kurtukian-Nieto |first32=T. |last33=Lubos |first33=D. |last34=Magron |first34=C. |last35=Molina |first35=F. |last36=Montaner-Pizá |first36=A. |last37=Napoli |first37=D. |last38=Nishimura |first38=D. |last39=Nishimura |first39=S. |last40=Oikawa |first40=H. |last41=Phong |first41=V. H. |last42=Sakurai |first42=H. |last43=Shimizu |first43=Y. |last44=Sidong |first44=C. |last45=Söderström |first45=P.-A. |last46=Sumikama |first46=T. |last47=Suzuki |first47=H. |last48=Takeda |first48=H. |last49=Takei |first49=Y. |last50=Tanaka |first50=M. |last51=Wu |first51=J. |last52=Yagi |first52=S. |title=β decay of the very neutron-deficient Ge 60 and Ge 62 nuclei |journal=Physical Review C |date=29 January 2021 |volume=103 |issue=1 |article-number=014324 |doi=10.1103/PhysRevC.103.014324|arxiv=2008.10576 }}</ref> | rowspan=2 style="text-align:center" | [https://www.nndc.bnl.gov/discovery/abstracts/32/60.pdf 2005] | rowspan=2|25.0(3)&nbsp;ms<ref name="orrigo2021"/> | β⁺, p (67%<ref name="orrigo2021"/>) | ⁵⁹Zn | rowspan=2|0+ | rowspan=2| | rowspan=2| |- | β⁺ (33%<ref name="orrigo2021"/>) | ⁶⁰Ga |-id=Germanium-61 | rowspan=2|⁶¹Ge | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 32 | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 29 | rowspan=2|60.96373(32)# | rowspan=2 style="text-align:center" | [https://www.nndc.bnl.gov/discovery/abstracts/32/61.pdf 1987] | rowspan=2|40.7(4)&nbsp;ms | β⁺, p (87%) | ⁶⁰Zn | rowspan=2|3/2−# | rowspan=2| | rowspan=2| |- | β⁺ (13%) | ⁶¹Ga |-id=Germanium-62 | ⁶²Ge | style="text-align:right" | 32 | style="text-align:right" | 30 | 61.95463(15)<ref name="orrigo2021"/> | style="text-align:center" | [https://www.nndc.bnl.gov/discovery/abstracts/32/62.pdf 1991] | 73.5(1)&nbsp;ms<ref name="orrigo2021"/> | β⁺ | ⁶²Ga | 0+ | | |-id=Germanium-63 | ⁶³Ge | style="text-align:right" | 32 | style="text-align:right" | 31 | 62.949628(40) | style="text-align:center" | [https://www.nndc.bnl.gov/discovery/abstracts/32/63.pdf 1991] | 153.6(11)&nbsp;ms | β⁺ | ⁶³Ga | 3/2−# | | |-id=Germanium-64 | ⁶⁴Ge | style="text-align:right" | 32 | style="text-align:right" | 32 | 63.9416899(40) | style="text-align:center" | [https://www.nndc.bnl.gov/discovery/abstracts/32/64.pdf 1972] | 63.7(25)&nbsp;s | β⁺ | ⁶⁴Ga | 0+ | | |-id=Germanium-65 | rowspan=2|⁶⁵Ge | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 32 | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 33 | rowspan=2|64.9393681(23) | rowspan=2 style="text-align:center" | [https://www.nndc.bnl.gov/discovery/abstracts/32/65.pdf 1972] | rowspan=2|30.9(5)&nbsp;s | β⁺ (99.99%) | ⁶⁵Ga | rowspan=2|3/2− | rowspan=2| | rowspan=2| |- | β⁺, p (0.011%) | '''⁶⁴Zn''' |-id=Germanium-66 | ⁶⁶Ge | style="text-align:right" | 32 | style="text-align:right" | 34 | 65.9338621(26) | style="text-align:center" | [https://www.nndc.bnl.gov/discovery/abstracts/32/66.pdf 1950] | 2.26(5)&nbsp;h | β⁺ | ⁶⁶Ga | 0+ | | |-id=Germanium-67 | ⁶⁷Ge | style="text-align:right" | 32 | style="text-align:right" | 35 | 66.9327170(46) | style="text-align:center" | [https://www.nndc.bnl.gov/discovery/abstracts/32/67.pdf 1950] | 18.9(3)&nbsp;min | β⁺ | ⁶⁷Ga | 1/2− | | |-id=Germanium-67m1 | style="text-indent:1em" | ^67m1Ge | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 18.20(5)&nbsp;keV | style="text-align:center" | [https://www.nndc.bnl.gov/discovery/isomers/abstracts/32/67Ge-1.pdf 1978] | 13.7(9)&nbsp;μs | IT | ⁶⁷Ge | 5/2− | | |-id=Germanium-67m2 | style="text-indent:1em" | ^67m2Ge | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 751.70(6)&nbsp;keV | style="text-align:center" | [https://www.nndc.bnl.gov/discovery/isomers/abstracts/32/67Ge-2.pdf 1978] | 109.1(38)&nbsp;ns | IT | ⁶⁷Ge | 9/2+ | | |-id=Germanium-68 | ⁶⁸Ge<ref group="n">Used to generate ⁶⁸Ga</ref> | style="text-align:right" | 32 | style="text-align:right" | 36 | 67.9280953(20) | style="text-align:center" | [https://www.nndc.bnl.gov/discovery/abstracts/32/68.pdf 1948] | 271.05(8)&nbsp;d | EC | ⁶⁸Ga | 0+ | | |-id=Germanium-69 | ⁶⁹Ge | style="text-align:right" | 32 | style="text-align:right" | 37 | 68.9279645(14) | style="text-align:center" | [https://www.nndc.bnl.gov/discovery/abstracts/32/69.pdf 1938] | 39.05(10)&nbsp;h | β⁺ | '''⁶⁹Ga''' | 5/2− | | |-id=Germanium-69m1 | style="text-indent:1em" | ^69m1Ge | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 86.76(2)&nbsp;keV | style="text-align:center" | [https://www.nndc.bnl.gov/discovery/isomers/abstracts/32/69Ge-1.pdf 1964] | 5.1(2)&nbsp;μs | IT | ⁶⁹Ge | 1/2− | | |-id=Germanium-69m2 | style="text-indent:1em" | ^69m2Ge | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 397.94(2)&nbsp;keV | style="text-align:center" | [https://www.nndc.bnl.gov/discovery/isomers/abstracts/32/69Ge-2.pdf 1970] | 2.81(5)&nbsp;μs | IT | ⁶⁹Ge | 9/2+ | | |-id=Germanium-70 | ⁷⁰Ge | style="text-align:right" | 32 | style="text-align:right" | 38 | 69.92424854(88) | style="text-align:center" | [https://www.nndc.bnl.gov/discovery/abstracts/32/70.pdf 1923] | colspan=3 align=center|'''Stable''' | 0+ | 0.2052(19) | |-id=Germanium-71 | ⁷¹Ge | style="text-align:right" | 32 | style="text-align:right" | 39 | 70.92495212(87) | style="text-align:center" | [https://www.nndc.bnl.gov/discovery/abstracts/32/71.pdf 1941] | 11.468(8)&nbsp;d<ref name="norman2024" /> | EC | '''⁷¹Ga''' | 1/2− | | |-id=Germanium-71m | style="text-indent:1em" | ^71mGe | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 198.354(14)&nbsp;keV | style="text-align:center" | [https://www.nndc.bnl.gov/discovery/isomers/abstracts/32/71Ge-1.pdf 1961] | 20.41(18)&nbsp;ms | IT | ⁷¹Ge | 9/2+ | | |-id=Germanium-72 | ⁷²Ge | style="text-align:right" | 32 | style="text-align:right" | 40 | 71.922075824(81) | style="text-align:center" | [https://www.nndc.bnl.gov/discovery/abstracts/32/72.pdf 1923] | colspan=3 align=center|'''Stable''' | 0+ | 0.2745(15) | |-id=Germanium-72m | style="text-indent:1em" | ^72mGe | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 691.43(4)&nbsp;keV | style="text-align:center" | [https://www.nndc.bnl.gov/discovery/isomers/abstracts/32/72Ge-1.pdf 1949] | 444.2(8)&nbsp;ns | IT | '''⁷²Ge''' | 0+ | | |-id=Germanium-73 | ⁷³Ge | style="text-align:right" | 32 | style="text-align:right" | 41 | 72.923458954(61) | style="text-align:center" | [https://www.nndc.bnl.gov/discovery/abstracts/32/73.pdf 1931] | colspan=3 align=center|'''Stable''' | 9/2+ | 0.0776(8) | |-id=Germanium-73m1 | style="text-indent:1em" | ^73m1Ge | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 13.2845(15)&nbsp;keV | style="text-align:center" | [https://www.nndc.bnl.gov/discovery/isomers/abstracts/32/73Ge-1.pdf 1953] | 2.91(3)&nbsp;μs | IT | '''⁷³Ge''' | 5/2+ | | |-id=Germanium-73m2 | style="text-indent:1em" | ^73m2Ge | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 66.725(9)&nbsp;keV | style="text-align:center" | [https://www.nndc.bnl.gov/discovery/isomers/abstracts/32/73Ge-2.pdf 1957] | 499(11)&nbsp;ms | IT | '''⁷³Ge''' | 1/2− | | |-id=Germanium-74 | ⁷⁴Ge | style="text-align:right" | 32 | style="text-align:right" | 42 | 73.921177760(13) | style="text-align:center" | [https://www.nndc.bnl.gov/discovery/abstracts/32/74.pdf 1923] | colspan=3 align=center|'''Stable''' | 0+ | 0.3652(12) | |-id=Germanium-75 | ⁷⁵Ge | style="text-align:right" | 32 | style="text-align:right" | 43 | 74.922858370(55) | style="text-align:center" | [https://www.nndc.bnl.gov/discovery/abstracts/32/75.pdf 1939] | 82.78(4)&nbsp;min | β⁻ | '''⁷⁵As''' | 1/2− | | |-id=Germanium-75m1 | rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" | ^75m1Ge | rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 139.69(3)&nbsp;keV | rowspan=2 style="text-align:center" | [https://www.nndc.bnl.gov/discovery/isomers/abstracts/32/75Ge-1.pdf 1952] | rowspan=2|47.7(5)&nbsp;s | IT (99.97%) | ⁷⁵Ge | rowspan=2|7/2+ | rowspan=2| | rowspan=2| |- | β⁻ (0.030%) | '''⁷⁵As''' |-id=Germanium-75m2 | style="text-indent:1em" | ^75m2Ge | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 192.19(6)&nbsp;keV | style="text-align:center" | [https://www.nndc.bnl.gov/discovery/isomers/abstracts/32/75Ge-2.pdf 1982] | 216(5)&nbsp;ns | IT | ⁷⁵Ge | 5/2+ | | |-id=Germanium-76 | ⁷⁶Ge<ref group="n">Fission product</ref><ref group="n">Primordial radionuclide</ref> | style="text-align:right" | 32 | style="text-align:right" | 44 | 75.921402725(19) | style="text-align:center" | [https://www.nndc.bnl.gov/discovery/abstracts/32/76.pdf 1931] | '''(2.022±0.018±0.038){{e|21}} y'''<ref name="Ge76" /> | β⁻β⁻ | '''⁷⁶Se''' | 0+ | 0.0775(12) | |-id=Germanium-77 | ⁷⁷Ge | style="text-align:right" | 32 | style="text-align:right" | 45 | 76.923549843(56) | style="text-align:center" | [https://www.nndc.bnl.gov/discovery/abstracts/32/77.pdf 1939] | 11.211(3)&nbsp;h | β⁻ | ⁷⁷As | 7/2+ | | |-id=Germanium-77m | rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" | ^77mGe | rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 159.71(6)&nbsp;keV | rowspan=2 style="text-align:center" | [https://www.nndc.bnl.gov/discovery/isomers/abstracts/32/77Ge-1.pdf 1947] | rowspan=2|53.7(6)&nbsp;s | β⁻ (81%) | ⁷⁷As | rowspan=2|1/2− | rowspan=2| | rowspan=2| |- | IT (19%) | ⁷⁷Ge |-id=Germanium-78 | ⁷⁸Ge | style="text-align:right" | 32 | style="text-align:right" | 46 | 77.9228529(38) | style="text-align:center" | [https://www.nndc.bnl.gov/discovery/abstracts/32/78.pdf 1951] | 88.0(10)&nbsp;min | β⁻ | ⁷⁸As | 0+ | | |-id=Germanium-79 | ⁷⁹Ge | style="text-align:right" | 32 | style="text-align:right" | 47 | 78.925360(40) | style="text-align:center" | [https://www.nndc.bnl.gov/discovery/abstracts/32/79.pdf 1970] | 18.98(3)&nbsp;s | β⁻ | ⁷⁹As | (1/2)− | | |-id=Germanium-79m | rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" | ^79mGe | rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 185.95(4)&nbsp;keV | rowspan=2 style="text-align:center" | [https://www.nndc.bnl.gov/discovery/isomers/abstracts/32/79Ge-1.pdf 1974] | rowspan=2|39.0(10)&nbsp;s | β⁻ (96%) | ⁷⁹As | rowspan=2|7/2+# | rowspan=2| | rowspan=2| |- | IT (4%) | ⁷⁹Ge |-id=Germanium-80 | ⁸⁰Ge | style="text-align:right" | 32 | style="text-align:right" | 48 | 79.9253508(22) | style="text-align:center" | [https://www.nndc.bnl.gov/discovery/abstracts/32/80.pdf 1972] | 29.5(4)&nbsp;s | β⁻ | ⁸⁰As | 0+ | | |-id=Germanium-81 | ⁸¹Ge | style="text-align:right" | 32 | style="text-align:right" | 49 | 80.9288329(22) | style="text-align:center" | [https://www.nndc.bnl.gov/discovery/abstracts/32/81.pdf 1972] | 9(2)&nbsp;s | β⁻ | ⁸¹As | 9/2+# | | |-id=Germanium-81m | rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" | ^81mGe | rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 679.14(4)&nbsp;keV | rowspan=2 style="text-align:center" | [https://www.nndc.bnl.gov/discovery/isomers/abstracts/32/81Ge-1.pdf 1981] | rowspan=2|6(2)&nbsp;s | β⁻ | ⁸¹As | rowspan=2|(1/2+) | rowspan=2| | rowspan=2| |- | IT (<1%) | ⁸¹Ge |-id=Germanium-82 | ⁸²Ge | style="text-align:right" | 32 | style="text-align:right" | 50 | 81.9297740(24) | style="text-align:center" | [https://www.nndc.bnl.gov/discovery/abstracts/32/82.pdf 1972] | 4.31(19)&nbsp;s | β⁻ | ⁸²As | 0+ | | |-id=Germanium-83 | ⁸³Ge | style="text-align:right" | 32 | style="text-align:right" | 51 | 82.9345391(26) | style="text-align:center" | [https://www.nndc.bnl.gov/discovery/abstracts/32/83.pdf 1972] | 1.85(6)&nbsp;s | β⁻ | ⁸³As | (5/2+) | | |-id=Germanium-84 | rowspan=2|⁸⁴Ge | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 32 | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 52 | rowspan=2|83.9375751(34) | rowspan=2 style="text-align:center" | [https://www.nndc.bnl.gov/discovery/abstracts/32/84.pdf 1972] | rowspan=2|951(9)&nbsp;ms | β⁻ (89.4%) | ⁸⁴As | rowspan=2|0+ | rowspan=2| | rowspan=2| |- | β⁻, n (10.6%) | ⁸³As |-id=Germanium-85 | rowspan=2|⁸⁵Ge | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 32 | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 53 | rowspan=2|84.9429697(40) | rowspan=2 style="text-align:center" | [https://www.nndc.bnl.gov/discovery/abstracts/32/85.pdf 1991] | rowspan=2|495(5)&nbsp;ms | β⁻ (82.8%) | ⁸⁵As | rowspan=2|(3/2+,5/2+)# | rowspan=2| | rowspan=2| |- | β⁻, n (17.2%) | ⁸⁴As |-id=Germanium-86 | rowspan=2|⁸⁶Ge | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 32 | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 54 | rowspan=2|85.94697(47) | rowspan=2 style="text-align:center" | [https://www.nndc.bnl.gov/discovery/abstracts/32/86.pdf 1994] | rowspan=2|221.6(11)&nbsp;ms | β⁻ (55%) | ⁸⁶As | rowspan=2|0+ | rowspan=2| | rowspan=2| |- | β⁻, n (45%) | ⁸⁵As |-id=Germanium-87 | ⁸⁷Ge | style="text-align:right" | 32 | style="text-align:right" | 55 | 86.95320(32)# | style="text-align:center" | [https://www.nndc.bnl.gov/discovery/abstracts/32/87.pdf 1997] | 103(4)&nbsp;ms | β⁻ | ⁸⁷As | 5/2+# | | |-id=Germanium-88 | ⁸⁸Ge | style="text-align:right" | 32 | style="text-align:right" | 56 | 87.95757(43)# | style="text-align:center" | [https://www.nndc.bnl.gov/discovery/abstracts/32/88.pdf 1997] | 61(6)&nbsp;ms | β⁻ | ⁸⁸As | 0+ | | |-id=Germanium-89 | ⁸⁹Ge | style="text-align:right" | 32 | style="text-align:right" | 57 | 88.96453(43)# | style="text-align:center" | [https://www.nndc.bnl.gov/discovery/abstracts/32/89.pdf 1997] | 60#&nbsp;ms [>300&nbsp;ns] | | | 3/2+# | | |-id=Germanium-90 | ⁹⁰Ge | style="text-align:right" | 32 | style="text-align:right" | 58 | 89.96944(54)# | style="text-align:center" | [https://www.nndc.bnl.gov/discovery/abstracts/32/90.pdf 2010] | 30#&nbsp;ms [>400&nbsp;ns] | | | 0+ | | |-id=Germanium-91 | ⁹¹Ge<ref name="shimizu2024">{{cite journal |last1=Shimizu |first1=Y. |last2=Kubo |first2=T. |last3=Sumikama |first3=T. |last4=Fukuda |first4=N. |last5=Takeda |first5=H. |last6=Suzuki |first6=H. |last7=Ahn |first7=D. S. |last8=Inabe |first8=N. |last9=Kusaka |first9=K. |last10=Ohtake |first10=M. |last11=Yanagisawa |first11=Y. |last12=Yoshida |first12=K. |last13=Ichikawa |first13=Y. |last14=Isobe |first14=T. |last15=Otsu |first15=H. |last16=Sato |first16=H. |last17=Sonoda |first17=T. |last18=Murai |first18=D. |last19=Iwasa |first19=N. |last20=Imai |first20=N. |last21=Hirayama |first21=Y. |last22=Jeong |first22=S. C. |last23=Kimura |first23=S. |last24=Miyatake |first24=H. |last25=Mukai |first25=M. |last26=Kim |first26=D. G. |last27=Kim |first27=E. |last28=Yagi |first28=A. |title=Production of new neutron-rich isotopes near the N = 60 isotones Ge 92 and As 93 by in-flight fission of a 345 MeV/nucleon U 238 beam |journal=Physical Review C |date=8 April 2024 |volume=109 |issue=4 |article-number=044313 |doi=10.1103/PhysRevC.109.044313}}</ref> | style="text-align:right" | 32 | style="text-align:right" | 59 | |style="text-align:center" | [https://www.nndc.bnl.gov/discovery/abstracts/32/91.pdf 2024] | | | | | | |-id=Germanium-92 | ⁹²Ge<ref name="shimizu2024"/> | style="text-align:right" | 32 | style="text-align:right" | 60 | |style="text-align:center" | [https://www.nndc.bnl.gov/discovery/abstracts/32/92.pdf 2024] | | | | | | {{Isotopes table/footer}}

== See also == '''Daughter products other than germanium''' * Isotopes of selenium * Isotopes of arsenic * Isotopes of gallium * Isotopes of zinc * Isotopes of copper

== References == {{reflist}}

{{Navbox element isotopes}}

Category:Isotopes of germanium Category:Germanium Germanium