{{Short description|French botanist and lichenologist}} {{Use dmy dates|date=September 2022}} {{Infobox scientist | name = Georges Clauzade | image = Georges-Clauzade.jpg | caption = | birth_date = {{birth date |1914|09|02}} | birth_place = [[Marseille]], France | death_date = {{death date and age |2002|07|10 |1914|09|02}} | death_place = | resting_place = | fields = Botany, lichenology | workplaces = | alma_mater = | author_abbrev_bot = Clauzade <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.ipni.org/a/17296-1 |title=Clauzade, F.J. Georges A. (1914–2002) |publisher=[[International Plant Names Index]] |access-date=16 September 2022}}</ref> | awards = {{ill|Prix de Coincy|fr}}; [[Acharius Medal]] (2002) }}
'''Ferdinand Joseph Georges Alexandre Clauzade''' (2 September 1914 – 10 July 2002) was a French [[botanist]] and [[lichenologist]]. His specialty was the lichen [[flora]] of France and the [[Mediterranean Basin|Mediterranean]] region.
==Biography==
Georges Clauzade was born in [[Marseille]], France, on 2 September 1914.<ref name="Roux 2002a"/> After obtaining his [[baccalauréat|baccalaureate]] from {{ill|Lycée Thiers|fr|}}, he studied at the Faculty of Sciences in [[Aix-Marseille University]]. He obtained a [[bachelor's degree]] in [[natural science]]s and a [[master's degree]] in [[geology]]. After passing the final teacher's examination ({{lang|fr|Agrégé de Sciences Naturelle}}), he was admitted in 1937 to the faculty of natural sciences.<ref name="Roux 2002a"/>
He became a professor of [[natural sciences]] at the Lycée d'Amiens from 1936 to 1939, then in Marseille until 1947. From 1947 to 1966, he taught at the Lycée d'Apt. In parallel he studied botany, in particular the [[phytosociology]] of lichens with [[Maurice Bouly de Lesdain]].<ref name="Roux 2002a"/>
Recognized for his expertise, he obtained a four-year secondment at the [[French National Centre for Scientific Research]] to work full-time in lichenology. He worked with Yves Rondon, at the faculty of pharmacy in Marseille. During these four years, he studied lichen groups in [[Provence]] and wrote in collaboration with Paul Ozenda, ''Les Lichens'', an illustrated [[flora]] of French lichens, which was published in 1970. This book became quite popular with European lichenologists and became known as "The Clauzenda".<ref name="Roux 2002b"/> He ended his career as an associate at the [[normal school]] in [[Avignon]], from 1970 to 1975.<ref name="Roux 2002a"/>
Starting in 1970, he trained many Mediterranean botanists in lichenology, including Juliette Asta, [[Claude Roux]], and Xavier Llimona.<ref name="Llimona 2000"/> Although he retired from teaching in 1975, he continued scientific pursuits.<ref name="Roux 2002b"/>
Aware of linguistic problems, he advocated the use of [[Esperanto]], which he practiced both written and spoken. He was the first lichenologist to use the international language in his publications.<ref name="Roux 2002b"/> In 2002, he participated in the revision of the ''Plena ilustrita vortaro de Esperanto'' ("Complete Illustrated Dictionary of Esperanto").<ref name="Roux 2002a"/>
In 1985, he published with [[Claude Roux]] the work ''Likenoj de okcidenta Eǔropo: ilustrita determinlibro'' (Lichens of Western Europe: an illustrated book of determination) then in 1989 ''Nelikeniĝintaj fungoj likenloĝaj: ilustrita determinlibro'' (Non-lichenized lichenicultural mushrooms) with Roux and Paul Diederich.<ref name="Roux 2002a"/>
==Recognition==
The [[Botanical Society of France]] awarded him the {{ill|Prix de Coincy|fr}} in 1974. A ''[[Festschrift]]'' was dedicated to Clauzade in 1994 on the occasion of his 80th birthday, titled "Hommage scientifique à G. Clauzade. 80e anniversaire".<ref name="Roux 1994"/>
In 2000, he received the [[Acharius Medal]] from the [[International Association for Lichenology]], an award given for lifetime achievements in lichenology. Georges Clauzade wrote 53 articles and four books, largely about lichen flora in southwestern Europe.<ref name="Llimona 2000"/>
===Eponyms===
Five genera and several species have been [[eponym|named to honour]] Clauzade. These include:<ref name="Hertel et al. 2017"/>
''[[Claurouxia]]'' {{small|D.Hawksw. (1988)}}; ''[[Clauzadea]]'' {{small|Hafellner & Bellem. (1984)}} ''[[Clauzadeana]]'' {{small|Cl.Roux (1984)}}; ''[[Clauzadella]]'' {{small|Nav.-Ros. & Cl.Roux (1996)}}; ''[[Clauzadeomyces]]'' {{small|Diederich (1994)}}; ''[[Arthonia clauzadei]]'' {{small|B.de Lesd. (1953)}}; ''[[Bacidia clauzadei]]'' {{small|Sérus. & Lambinon (1994)}}; ''[[Baeomyces clauzadei]]'' {{small|B.de Lesd. (1949)}}; ''[[Biatorella clauzadeana]]'' {{small|Llimona (1974)}}; ''[[Byssoloma clauzadei]]'' {{small|Kalb & Vězda (1994)}}; ''[[Caloplaca clauzadei]]'' {{small|B.de Lesd. 1955)}}; ''[[Lecania clauzadei]]'' {{small|B.de Lesd. (1956)}}; ''[[Lecanora clauzadei]]'' {{small|B.de Lesd. (1951)}}; ''[[Lichenochora clauzadei]]'' {{small|Nav.-Ros., Cl.Roux & Llimona (1994)}}; ''[[Polycoccum clauzadei]]'' {{small|Nav.-Ros. & Cl.Roux (1998)}}; ''[[Rhizocarpon clauzadei]]'' {{small|B.de Lesd. (1954)}}; ''[[Rinodina clauzadei]]'' {{small|H.Mayrhofer & Cl.Roux (1984)}}; ''[[Stigmidium clauzadei]]'' {{small|Cl.Roux & Nav.-Ros. (1994)}}; ''[[Verrucaria clauzadei]]'' {{small|B.de Lesd. (1950)}}; and ''[[Verrucula clauzadaria]]'' {{small|Nav.-Ros. & Cl. Roux (2007)}}.
==Selected publications== *{{cite journal |last1=Clauzade |first1=Georges |last2=Roux |first2=Claude |year=1984 |title=Les genres ''Aspicilia'' Massal. et ''Bellemerea'' Hafellner et Roux. |journal=Bulletin de la Société Botanique du Centre-Ouest |series=Nouvelle Série |volume=15 |pages=127–141 |language=fr |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/330508116}} *{{cite journal |last1=Clauzade |first1=G. |last2=Roux |first2=C. |year=1975 |title=Étude écologique et phytosociologique de la végétation lichénique des roches calcaires non altérées dans les régions méditerranéenne et subméditerranéenne du sud-est de la France |trans-title=Ecological and phytosociological study of the lichen vegetation of unaltered limestone rocks in the Mediterranean and sub-Mediterranean regions of south-eastern France |journal=Bulletin du Musée d'histoire naturelle de Marseille |volume=35 |pages=153–208 |language=fr}} *{{cite journal |last1=Clauzade |first1=G. |last2=Roux |first2=C. |year=1977 |title=Lichénologie: taxons nouveaux et intéressants pour le Midi de la France |trans-title=Lichenology: new and interesting taxa for the South of France |journal=Le Bulletin de la Société Linnéenne de Provence |volume=30 |pages=9–36 |language=fr |url=http://www.lichenologue.org/fichiers/docs/1977clauzrouxtaxonsnouv.pdf}}
==See also== * [[:Category:Taxa named by Georges Clauzade]]
==References== {{Reflist|refs=
<ref name="Hertel et al. 2017">{{cite journal |first1=Hannes |last1=Hertel |first2=Georg |last2=Gärtner |first3=László |last3=Lőkös |title=Forscher an Österreichs Flechtenflora |trans-title=Investigators of Austria's lichen flora |journal=Stapfia |year=2017 |volume=104 |issue=2 |page=29 |language=German |url=https://www.zobodat.at/biografien/Flechtenforschung_Austria_STAPFIA_0104_2_0001-0211.pdf}}</ref>
<ref name="Llimona 2000">{{cite web |last1=Llimona |first1=Xavier |title=Acharius Medallists: Georges A. Clauzade |url=http://www.lichenology.org/index.html?/Awards/Acharius_Clauzade.html |publisher=[[International Association for Lichenology]] |access-date=16 September 2022 |archive-date=11 May 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210511090157/http://www.lichenology.org/index.html?/Awards/Acharius_Clauzade.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>
<ref name="Roux 1994">{{cite book |editor-last1=Roux |editor-first1=Claude |year=1994 |title=Hommage scientifique à G. Clauzade. 80e anniversaire |trans-title=Scientific tribute to G. Clauzade. 80th birthday |series=Le Bulletin de la Société linnéenne de Provence |volume=45 |pages=1–549 |language=fr}}</ref>
<ref name="Roux 2002a">{{cite journal |last1=Roux |first1=Claude |year=2002 |title=À la mémoire de Georges Clauzade, 1914–2002 |journal=Le Bulletin de la Société linnéenne de Provence |volume=53 |issue= |pages=17–18 |language=fr |url=http://lichenologue.org/fichiers/docs/2002Clauzade.pdf}}</ref>
<ref name="Roux 2002b">{{cite journal |last1=Roux |first1=C. |year=2002 |title=Obituary: Georges Clauzade, 1914–2002 |journal=International Lichenological Newsletter |volume=35 |issue=2 |pages=45–47 |url=http://www.lichenology.org/Publications/ILN/ILN_35_2.pdf}}</ref>
}}
{{Recipients of the Acharius Medal}} {{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Clauzade, Georges}} [[Category:1914 births]] [[Category:2002 deaths]] [[Category:Acharius Medal recipients]] [[Category:French botanists]] [[Category:20th-century French scientists]] [[Category:French lichenologists]] [[Category:Aix-Marseille University alumni]]