Geissoloma

{{short description|Monotypic genus of flowering plants native to the Cape Province of South Africa}} {{Speciesbox | image = Geissoloma Lignaut 2.jpg | image2 = Geissoloma Lignaut 1.jpg | status = | status_system = | grandparent_authority = A.DC.<ref name=APGIII2009>{{Cite journal |last=Angiosperm Phylogeny Group |year=2009 |title=An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III |journal=Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society |volume=161 |issue=2 |pages=105–121 |doi=10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00996.x |doi-access=free |hdl=10654/18083 |hdl-access=free }}</ref> | genus = Geissoloma | parent_authority = Lindl. ex Kunth | species = marginatum | authority = (L.) Juss. }}

'''''Geissoloma''''' is a genus of flowering plants in the monotypic family '''Geissolomataceae''', native to the Cape Province of South Africa.<ref name="MillingtonBlumler2011">{{cite book|author1=Andrew Millington|author2=Mark Blumler|author3=Udo Schickhoff|title=The SAGE Handbook of Biogeography|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=A2clqrhHUpIC&pg=PA143|accessdate=2013-08-07|date=2011-09-22|publisher=SAGE Publications|isbn=978-1-4462-5445-5|pages=143–|quote=The Cape Floristic Region in South Africa is comparatively rich in endemic flowering-plant families. Five families of angiosperms (Penaeaceae, Roridulaceae, Geissolomataceae, Grubbiaceae, and Lanariaceae) are endemic to that region ...}}</ref> '''''Geissoloma marginatum''''' is the only species in the family.<ref name="BayerStevens2007">{{cite book|author1=Clemens Bayer|author2=P. F. Stevens|title=Flowering Plants. Eudicots: Berberidopsidales, Buxales, Crossosomatales, Fabales p.p., Geraniales, Gunnerales, Myrtales p.p., Proteales, Saxifragales, Vitales, Zygophyllales, Clusiaceae Alliance, Passifloraceae Alliance, Dilleniaceae, Huaceae, Picramniaceae, Sabiaceae|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PdSL7jBNX9EC&pg=PA155|accessdate=2013-08-07|date=2007-04-24|publisher=Springer|isbn=978-3-540-32219-1|pages=155–|quote=Geissolomataceae Endl., Ench. Bot. ... A single genus and species, Geissoloma marginatum (L.) A. Juss., restricted to the southern Langeberg mountains in the Cape of South Africa from the Swellendam to Riversdale divisions, on moist ...}}</ref> It is sometimes called '''guyalone''' in English. The plants are xerophytic evergreen shrubs and are known to accumulate aluminum.<ref>{{cite web|title= Vegetation of SA|website= PlantsZAfrica|url= http://pza.sanbi.org/vegetation/fynbos-biome}}</ref>

==Description== ''Geissoloma marginatum'' is a low evergreen shrub of ½-1¼ m high, covered in overlapping large, leathery, simple, scale-like, opposite leaves in four rows along the stems. It has very small stipules on the petioles. Flowers are bisexual, subtended by bracts, and have four red to pinkish petaloid sepals, four petals partially united, eight stamens, and four carpels. The fruit is a capsule with four seeds.<ref name=KK>{{citation|first1= F.|last1= Forest|year= 2007|contribution= Geissolomataceae|title= Flowering Plants·Eudicots·Berberidopsiales, Buxiales, Cossosomatales, Fabiales p.p., Geraniales, Gunnerales, Myrtales p.p., Proteales, Saxifragales, Vitales, Zygophyllalaes, Clusiaceae Alliance, Passifloraceae Alliance, Dilleniaceae, Huaceae, Picraminiaceae, Sabiaceae|volume= 9|series= The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants|editor1= Klaus Kubitski|isbn= 978-3540322191}}</ref>

==Phylogeny== Recent phylogenetic analysis resulted in the following tree.<ref>{{cite journal|last= Oh|first= S.H.|year= 2010|title= Phylogeny and systematics of Crossosomatales as inferred from chloroplast atpB, matK, and rbcL sequences|journal= Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy|volume= 40|issue= 4|pages= 208–217|doi= 10.11110/kjpt.2010.40.4.208|doi-access= free}}</ref>

{{Clade |1={{Clade |label2=family Strasburgeriaceae |1='''''Geissoloma''''' |2={{Clade |1=''Ixerba'' |2=''Strasburgeria'' }} }} }}

==References== {{Reflist}}

Category:Monotypic rosid genera Category:Endemic flora of the Cape Provinces Category:Crossosomatales