Honeywell TPE331

{{short description|Turboprop aircraft engine}} {{multiple issues| {{copy edit|date=December 2025}} {{COI|date=June 2018}} }}  {{infobox aero engine | name = TPE331 / T76 | image = File:Honeywell (Garrett) TPE331-14.jpg | caption = TPE331-14 |engine_type= [[Turboprop]] |national_origin = [[United States]] |manufacturer= {{ubl | [[Garrett AiResearch]] | [[Honeywell Aerospace]] }} |first_run= 1960 |major_applications= {{ubl | [[Fairchild Swearingen Metroliner]] | [[Mitsubishi MU-2]] | [[Aero Commander 500|Rockwell Turbo Commander]] | [[CASA C-212 Aviocar]] }} |number_built = 13,500+<ref name="1607PR">{{cite press release |url=https://aerospace.honeywell.com/en/press-release-listing/2016/july/honeywell-continues-to-hone-turboprop-engine-for-50th-anniversary |title=Honeywell Continues to Hone Turboprop Engine for 50th Anniversary |last=Brecken |first=Steve |location=Phoenix, Arizona |publisher=[[Honeywell Aerospace]] |date=July 2016 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190704092105/https://aerospace.honeywell.com/en/press-release-listing/2016/july/honeywell-continues-to-hone-turboprop-engine-for-50th-anniversary |archive-date=2019-07-04 }}</ref> |developed_from = |developed_into = [[Garrett TPF351]] |variants_with_their_own_articles = }}

The '''Honeywell TPE331''' (military designation: '''T76''') is a [[turboprop]] engine. It was designed in the 1950s by [[Garrett AiResearch]], and produced since 1999 by its successor [[Honeywell Aerospace]]. The engine's power output ranges from {{convert|575|to|1650|shp|kW|lk=in}}.<ref name="TPE331SpecSheet">{{cite web |url=https://www.honeywell.com/sites/servlet/com.merx.npoint.servlets.DocumentServlet?docid=D273B5C4E-D9AD-A83C-388C-334222D5DC1E |format=PDF |title=TPE331 Spec Chart |publisher=[[Honeywell Aerospace]] |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140903073131/https://www.honeywell.com/sites/servlet/com.merx.npoint.servlets.DocumentServlet?docid=D273B5C4E-D9AD-A83C-388C-334222D5DC1E |archive-date=2014-09-03 |access-date=2014-08-29 }}</ref><ref name="HoneywellTPE">{{cite web |url=http://www.honeywell.com/sites/aero/Phoenix_Repair_Overhaul3_C5D5EB8A7-6730-18D1-F595-53107B90D5DA_H9AEA1D8B-BF41-B3D4-D125-071C246FE7BB.htm |title=TPE |work=Products & Services |publisher=[[Honeywell Aerospace]] |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100908102315/http://www.honeywell.com/sites/aero/Phoenix_Repair_Overhaul3_C5D5EB8A7-6730-18D1-F595-53107B90D5DA_H9AEA1D8B-BF41-B3D4-D125-071C246FE7BB.htm |archive-date=2010-09-08 }}</ref><ref name="HoneywellTPE331">{{cite web |url=http://aerospace.honeywell.com/~/media/UWSAero/common/documents/myaerospacecatalog-documents/BA_brochures-documents/TPE331-14.pdf |title=TPE331-14 Turboprop Engine |publisher=[[Honeywell Aerospace]] |date=2006-07-10 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140903073130/http://aerospace.honeywell.com/~/media/UWSAero/common/documents/myaerospacecatalog-documents/BA_brochures-documents/TPE331-14.pdf |archive-date=2014-09-03 |access-date=2014-08-29 }}</ref>

==Design and development== [[Garrett AiResearch]] designed the TPE331 from scratch in 1959 for the military.<ref name="HoneywellApr2017">{{cite press release |url=https://aerospace.honeywell.com/en/news-listing/2017/april/tpe331-engines-offers-super-performance-on-dornier-228-aircraft |title=TPE331 Engines Offers Super Performance on Dornier 228 Aircraft |location=Phoenix, Arizona |publisher=[[Honeywell Aerospace]] |date=2017-04-11 |access-date=2017-12-12 |archive-date=2017-12-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171212194705/https://aerospace.honeywell.com/en/news-listing/2017/april/tpe331-engines-offers-super-performance-on-dornier-228-aircraft |url-status=dead }}</ref> "Designed as a 575-horsepower engine it was not a scaled-down version of a larger engine, as competitors were offering."<ref name="OOTA">{{cite book |last1=Schoneberger |first1=William A. |last2=Scholl |first2=Robert R. H. |title=Out of Thin Air: Garrett's First 50 Years |publisher=[[Garrett AiResearch|Garrett Corporation]] |year=1985 |pages=153, 174–175, 203 |isbn=9780961702908 }}</ref> The TPE331 originated in 1961 as a gas turbine (the "331") to power helicopters.<ref name="OOTA"/> It first went into production in 1963.<ref name="specs-43A">{{cite web |url=http://www.canadianflight.org/content/garrett-tpe331 |title=Garrett TPE331 |work=Collection |publisher=[[Canadian Museum of Flight]] |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190704100638/http://www.canadianflight.org/content/garrett-tpe331 |archive-date=2019-07-04 }}</ref> More than 700 had been shipped by the end of 1973.<ref name="OOTA"/> It was designed to be both a [[turboshaft]] (TSE331)<ref name=Wilkinson6465>{{cite book |last=Wilkinson |first=Paul H. |title=Aircraft engines of the World 1964/65 |year=1964 |publisher=Sir Isaac Pitman & Sons Ltd. |location=London |edition=20th |page=43}}</ref> and a turboprop (TPE331), but the turboshaft version never went into production. The first engine was produced in 1963, installed on the [[Aero Commander 500|Aero Commander]] in 1964 and put into production on the Aero Commander Turbo Commander in June 1965.{{Citation needed|reason=Source "Leyes, p. 729" could not be located during ref cleanup, it is possibly ISBN 9781563473326 but confirmation is needed|date=July 2019}}

==Performance==

The 715 shp TPE331-6 used in the [[Beechcraft King Air]] B100 has a 400 hr fuel nozzle cleaning interval, 1,800 hr hot section inspection interval, and a 5,400 hr. [[time between overhaul]]; approval is possible for 3,000 hr HSIs and 6,000 hr overhauls, and engine reserves are cheaper than for the PT6A.<ref name="AW2017-01">{{cite news |last=George |first=Fred |url=https://aviationweek.com/business-aviation/used-aircraft-report-beech-king-air-b100 |title=Used Aircraft Report: Beech King Air B100 |work=Business & Commercial Aviation |publisher=Aviation Week Network |date=2017-01-30 }}</ref>

==Variants==

===Military variants (T76)=== {{div col|colwidth=12em}} ;T76-G-2: ;T76-G-4: ;T76-G-6: ;T76-G-8: ;T76-G-10: ;T76-G-12: ;T76-G-12A: ;T76-G-14: ;T76-G-16: ;T76-G-410: ;T76-G-411: ;T76-G-416: ;T76-G-417: ;T76-G-418: ;T76-G-419: ;T76-G-420: ;T76-G-421: {{div col end}}

===Commercial variants (TPE331)=== {| class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible" |+ US [[Federal Aviation Administration|FAA]] {{abbr|TC|type certificate}} Variants ! Model ! Certified{{efn|Dates from FAA type certificates E4WE{{R|"E4WE"}} (TPE331 model series 3, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11, and 12) and E18NE{{R|"E18NE"}} (series 14 and 15). No certification date information available from type certificates E3WE{{R|"E3WE"}} (series 1 and 2) and E2WE{{R|"E2WE"}} (series 25, 29, 43, 45, 47, 51, 55, 57, and 61).}} |- | TPE331-1 | 1967-12{{sfn|Leyes|Fleming|1999|p=648}} |- | TPE331-1U | |- | TPE331-1UA | |- | TPE331-2 | 1967-12{{sfn|Leyes|Fleming|1999|p=648}} |- | TPE331-2U | |- | TPE331-2UA | |- | TPE331-3 | 1969-03-28 |- | TPE331-3U | 1969-03-28 |- | TPE331-3UW | 1969-03-28 |- | TPE331-3W | 1969-03-28 |- | TPE331-5{{efn|Powered the Rockwell Aero Commander [[Turbo Commander 690]], [[CASA 212]]-100, [[Mitsubishi MU-2]]N, and [[Dornier 228]].{{sfn|Leyes|Fleming|1999|p=652}}}} | 1970-05-15 |- | TPE331-5A | 1988-05-04 |- | TPE331-5AB | 1992-07-21 |- | TPE331-5B | 1992-07-21 |- | TPE331-5U | 1970-05-15 |- | TPE331-6{{efn|Powered the [[Mitsubishi MU-2]]S/K/L/M and [[Beechcraft King Air#Model 100 series|Beech B-100]].{{sfn|Leyes|Fleming|1999|p=652}}}} | 1970-05-15 |- | TPE331-6A | 1978-01-20 |- | TPE331-6U | 1970-05-15 |- | TPE331-8{{efn|Powered the [[Cessna Conquest]] 441.{{sfn|Leyes|Fleming|1999|p=653}}}} | 1976-11-19 |- | TPE331-8A | 1981-12-24 |- | TPE331-9 | 1976-11-19 |- | TPE331-9U | 1976-11-19 |- | TPE331-10 | 1978-01-20 |- | TPE331-10A | 1980-12-12 |- | TPE331-10AV | 1996-07-19 |- | TPE331-10B | 1980-12-12 |- | TPE331-10G | 1984-08-14 |- | TPE331-10GP | 1994-12-14 |- | TPE331-10GR | 1984-08-14 |- | TPE331-10GT | 1994-12-14 |- | TPE331-10J | 1988-05-04 |- | TPE331-10N | 1992-02-06 |- | TPE331-10P | 1994-12-14 |- | TPE331-10R | 1982-06-25 |- | TPE331-10T | 1994-04-14 |- | TPE331-10U | 1978-01-20 |- | TPE331-10UA | 1982-07-29 |- | TPE331-10UF | 1982-06-25 |- | TPE331-10UG | 1984-08-14 |- | TPE331-10UGR | 1984-08-14 |- | TPE331-10UJ | 1988-05-04 |- | TPE331-10UK | 1988-11-04 |- | TPE331-10UR | 1983-11-14 |- | TPE331-11U | 1979-09-28 |- | TPE331-11UA | 1982-06-25 |- | TPE331-12 | 1984-12-19 |- | TPE331-12B{{efn|Powered the [[Shorts Tucano]] [[trainer aircraft]] and the [[CASA 212]]-400 [[regional airliner]].{{sfn|Leyes|Fleming|1999|p=656}}}} | 1986-12-10 |- | TPE331-12JR | 1997-10-31 |- | TPE331-12UA | 1988-05-04 |- | TPE331-12UAN | 2014-05-09 |- | TPE331-12UAR | 1987-12-18 |- | TPE331-12UER | 1991-07-22 |- | TPE331-12UHR | 1993-01-07 |- | TSE331-3U{{efn|Used on the [[Sikorsky S-55]] military helicopter.{{sfn|Leyes|Fleming|1999|p=661}}}} | 1970-04-30 |- | TPE331-14A | 1984-04-26 |- | TPE331-14B | 1984-04-26 |- | TPE331-14F | 1989-05-24 |- | TPE331-14GR | 1992-07-13 |- | TPE331-14HR | 1992-07-13 |- | TPE331-15AW | 1988-12-05 |- | TPE331-16{{efn|Renamed to [[TPF351]]-20 in early 1988.<ref name="ALexec198802">{{cite magazine |magazine=Airline Executive |issn=0278-6702 |title=Garrett engine is redesignated |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_airline-executive-international_1988-02_12_2/page/n13 |department=Regional Airline Report |publication-date=February 1988 |page=12}}</ref> Was the rear-fuselage powerplant for the [[Embraer/FMA CBA 123 Vector]]. Flown on a [[Boeing 720]] [[testbed aircraft]] and Vector prototype starting in July 1990. Development of the aircraft and engine was suspended in 1992, when the engine was nine months from certification.{{sfn|Leyes|Fleming|1999|pp=710–711}}}} | N/A |- | TPE331-25A | |- | TPE331-25AA | |- | TPE331-25AB | |- | TPE331-25B | |- | TPE331-25C | |- | TPE331-25D | |- | TPE331-25DA | |- | TPE331-25DB | |- | TPE331-25E | |- | TPE331-25F | |- | TPE331-25FA | |- | TPE331-29A | |- | TPE331-43 | |- | TPE331-43-A | |- | TPE331-43-B | |- | TPE331-45 | |- | TPE331-47 {{efn|Entered service on the [[Volpar Super Turbo 18]] in February 1966.{{sfn|Leyes|Fleming|1999|p=645}}}} | |- | TPE331-47-A | |- | TPE331-47-B | |- | TPE331-51 | |- | TPE331-55 | |- | TPE331-55-A | |- | TPE331-55-B | |- | TPE331-57 | |- | TPE331-57-B | |- | TPE331-61 | |- | TPE331-61-A | |} {{notelist}}

==Applications== {{columns-list|colwidth=30em| * [[Aero Commander 500|Aero/Rockwell Turbo Commander 680/690/840/980/1000]] * [[Antonov An-38]] * [[Ayres Thrush]] * [[British Aerospace Jetstream|BAe Jetstream 31/32]] * [[British Aerospace Jetstream 41]] * [[Beechcraft King Air|Beech B100 King Air]] * [[CASA C-212 Aviocar]] * [[Cessna 441 Conquest II]] * [[Comp Air 9]] * [[Conroy Stolifter]] * [[Dornier 228]] * [[Fairchild Swearingen Metroliner]] * [[General Atomics MQ-9 Reaper]] * [[Grob G 520]] * [[HAL HTT-40]] * [[Kestrel K-350]] * [[Mitsubishi MU-2]] * [[North American Rockwell OV-10 Bronco]] * [[Pilatus PC-6|Pilatus/Fairchild PC-6C Turbo-Porter]] * [[Piper PA-42 Cheyenne|Piper Cheyenne 400]] * [[Short SC.7 Skyvan]] * [[Short Tucano]] (EMB-312S Tucano) * [[Swearingen Merlin]] }}

=== Fitted with TPE-331s as a replacement for their original engines === {{columns-list|colwidth=30em| * [[Beechcraft Model 18]] * [[Cessna 208 Caravan]] * [[Cessna 337 Skymaster]] * [[de Havilland Canada DHC-2 Beaver]] * [[de Havilland Canada DHC-3 Otter]] * [[de Havilland DH.104 Dove]] * [[FMA IA 58 Pucará]] * [[Grumman Ag Cat]] * [[Grumman S-2 Tracker]] * [[Grumman S-2 Tracker|Marsh S-2F3AT Turbo Tracker]] * [[Handley Page Jetstream]] * [[PAC Fletcher]] * [[Antonov An-2#Variants|SibNIA TVS-2MS]] (Antonov An-2 conversion) * [[Sikorsky H-19 Chickasaw]] }}

==Specifications== [[File:Turboprop cutaway.jpg|thumb|right|Cutaway view of a TPE-331]] {{jetspecs   |ref= |type=Single-shaft [[turboprop]] with integral [[Transmission (mechanics)|gearbox]] |length={{convert|46|in|mm}} (TPE331-43A),<ref name=specs-43A/> {{convert|42.82|in|mm|abbr=on}} (TPE331-10)<ref name=specs-10/> |diameter={{convert|21|in|mm}} (TPE331-43A)<ref name=specs-43A/> |weight={{convert|336|lb|kg|abbr=on}} (TPE331-43A),<ref name=specs-43A/> {{convert|385|lb|kg|abbr=on}} (TPE331-10)<ref name="specs-10">{{cite web |url=http://www51.honeywell.com/aero/common/documents/myaerospacecatalog-documents/BA_brochures-documents/TPE331.10.pdf |title=TPE331-10 Turboprop Engine |publisher=[[Honeywell Aerospace]] |date=April 2006 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120719154847/http://www51.honeywell.com/aero/common/documents/myaerospacecatalog-documents/BA_brochures-documents/TPE331.10.pdf |archive-date=2012-07-19 }}</ref> |compressor=Two-stage [[Centrifugal compressor|centrifugal]] |combustion=Reverse [[Annular combustor|annular]] |turbine=Three-stage [[Axial turbine|axial]] |fueltype=Jet A, Jet B, Jet A-1, JP-8, JP-1, JP-4, JP-5, JP8+100<ref name="Honeymoon Brochure">{{cite web |url=https://aerospace.honeywell.com/content/dam/aerobt/en/documents/learn/products/engines/brochures/N61-1491-000-000-TPE331-10TurbopropEngine-bro.pdf |title=TPE331-10 Turboprop Engine |publisher=[[Honeywell Aerospace]] |date=February 2024 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230105193201/https://aerospace.honeywell.com/content/dam/aerobt/en/documents/learn/products/engines/brochures/N61-1491-000-000-TPE331-10TurbopropEngine-bro.pdf |archive-date=2023-01-05}}</ref> |oilsystem= |power={{convert|575|hp|kW|abbr=on}} (TPE331-43A),<ref name=specs-43A/> {{convert|940|hp|kW|abbr=on}} (TPE331-10)<ref name=specs-10/> |thrust= |compression= 10.55:1 (TPE331-10)<ref name=specs-10/> |aircon= |turbinetemp= |fuelcon= |specfuelcon= {{convert|0.534|lb/hph|g/kWh|abbr=on}} (TPE331-10)<ref name=specs-10/> |power/weight= {{convert|{{#expr:575/336round2}}|hp/lb|kW/kg|abbr=on}} (TPE331-43A),<ref name=specs-43A/> {{convert|{{#expr:940/385round2}}|hp/lb|kW/kg|abbr=on}} (TPE331-10)<ref name=specs-10/> |thrust/weight= }}

==See also== {{Portal|Aviation}} {{Aircontent |related=

|similar engines= * [[General Electric Catalyst]] * [[Pratt & Whitney Canada PT6]] * [[Walter M601]]

|lists= * [[List of aircraft engines]]

|see also= }}

==References== <references> <ref name="E3WE">{{cite report |work=[[Federal Aviation Administration]] (FAA) |series=Type Certificate Data Sheet |author=Honeywell (AlliedSignal, Garrett, AiResearch) |date=February 1, 2000 |title=E3WE |edition=8 |url=https://drs.faa.gov/browse/excelExternalWindow/C5724721927D08CD862568F6004C3DE6.0001 |ref=TPE331-series-1-2}}</ref> <ref name="E4WE">{{cite report |work=[[Federal Aviation Administration]] (FAA) |series=Type Certificate Data Sheet |author=Honeywell (AlliedSignal, Garrett, AiResearch) |date=May 22, 2014 |title=E4WE |edition=34 |url=https://drs.faa.gov/browse/excelExternalWindow/8552B469CED9E1E886257D310056EA65.0001 |ref=TPE331-series-3-5-6-8-9-10-11-12}}</ref> <ref name="E18NE">{{cite report |work=[[Federal Aviation Administration]] (FAA) |series=Type Certificate Data Sheet |author=Honeywell (AlliedSignal, Garrett) |date=February 1, 2000 |title=E18NE |edition=9 |url=https://drs.faa.gov/browse/excelExternalWindow/991A2CFC40A01FF2862568F80044B9D7.0001 |ref=TPE331-series-14-15}}</ref> <ref name="E2WE">{{cite report |work=[[Federal Aviation Administration]] (FAA) |series=Type Certificate Data Sheet |author=Honeywell (AlliedSignal, Garrett, AiResearch) |date=February 1, 2000 |title=E2WE |edition=8 |url=https://drs.faa.gov/browse/excelExternalWindow/8E03A5D9AB19E2D6862568F6004EA358.0001 |ref=TPE331-series-25-29-43-45-47-51-55-57-61}}</ref> </references>

==Bibliography== {{refbegin}} * {{cite book |title=The history of North American small gas turbine aircraft engines |url={{GBurl|V0SnFt8JGokC|pg=frontcover}} |pages=[{{GBurl|V0SnFt8JGokC|p=632}} 632]–[{{GBurl|V0SnFt8JGokC|p=661}} 661] |given1=Richard A., II |surname1=Leyes |given2=William A. |surname2=Fleming |year=1999 |publisher=[[National Air and Space Museum]] and [[American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics]] (AIAA) |location=Reston, VA |isbn=1-56347-332-1 |oclc=247550535}} * {{cite magazine |magazine=[[Flying (magazine)|Flying]] |issn=0015-4806 |title=Turboprop progress: Garrett stakes its fortune on engines that offer reliability with minimum maintenance |url={{GBurl|SgxOWvewgEoC|p=31}} |pages=31–32 |publication-date=July 1983 |first=J. Mac |last=McClellan |volume=110 |number=7}} * {{cite conference |conference=Gas Turbine Conference & Exhibit & Solar Energy Conference |date=March 12–15, 1979 |title=The growth and evolution of the TPE331 |given1=J-P. |surname1=Frignac |given2=E. J. |surname2=Privoznik |doi=10.1115/79-GT-164 |isbn=978-0-7918-7968-9 |oclc=8518974705}} {{refend}}

==External links== {{Commons category}} * [https://archive.today/20130103064858/http://www.honeywell.com/sites/portal?smap=aerospace&page=Century-MSP-FlatRate&theme=T6 TPE 331 Cost Protection Programs] * [https://archive.today/20130103112051/http://www.honeywell.com/sites/portal?smap=aerospace&page=TPE331_Engine_Conversion_TPE&theme=T6 TPE 331 Engine Conversions] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20140902214005/http://aerospace.honeywell.com/~/media/UWSAero/common/documents/myaerospacecatalog-documents/BA_brochures-documents/Engines-documents/TPE331_-10_Overview.pdf Power and fuel flow versus altitude and speed], for version 10. ([https://web.archive.org/web/20140902214005/http://aerospace.honeywell.com/~/media/UWSAero/common/documents/myaerospacecatalog-documents/BA_brochures-documents/Engines-documents/TPE331_-10_Overview.pdf Archive])

[[Category:1960s turboprop engines]] [[Category:Honeywell Aerospace aircraft engines|TPE331]]