Garhwa district

{{Infobox settlement | name = Garhwa district | settlement_type = [[List of districts of Jharkhand|District]] of [[Jharkhand]] | total_type = Total | native_name = | image_skyline = | image_map = Garhwa in Jharkhand (India).svg | map_caption = Location of Garhwa district in Jharkhand | coordinates = | coor_pinpoint = Garhwa | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = {{flag|India}} | subdivision_type1 = [[States and union territories of India|State]] | subdivision_name1 = {{flagicon image|Government banner of Jharkhand.png}} [[Jharkhand]] | subdivision_type2 = [[Administrative divisions of Jharkhand|Division]] | subdivision_name2 = [[Palamu division|Palamu]] | established_title = Established | established_date = | seat_type = Headquarters | seat = [[Garhwa]] | parts_type = [[Tehsils of India|Tehsils]] | parts_style = para | p1 = | area_total_km2 = 4,044 | area_footnotes = | population_as_of = 2011 | population_total = 1,322,784 | population_footnotes = | population_urban = | population_density_km2 = auto | demographics_type1 = Demographics | demographics1_title1 = [[Literacy in India|Literacy]] | demographics1_info1 = 60.33% | demographics1_title2 = Sex ratio | demographics1_info2 = 933 | leader_title = | leader_name = | leader_title1 = [[District magistrate]] | leader_name1 = Shri Shekhar Jamuar ([[Indian Administrative Service|IAS]]) | leader_title2 = [[Superintendent of police (India)|Superintendent of Police]] | leader_name2 = Shri Deepak Kumar Pandey ([[Indian Police Service|IPS]]) | timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]] | utc_offset1 = +05:30 | registration_plate = | blank_name_sec1 = [[Roads in India|Major highways]] | blank_info_sec1 = [[National Highway 39 (India)|NH 39, NH 343]] | blank_name_sec2 garhwa= | blank_info_sec2 = | website = http://garhwa.nic.in | official_name = }} '''Garhwa district''' is one of the twenty-four districts in the [[India]]n [[States and territories of India|state]] of [[Jharkhand]]. The Garhwa District is part of the [[Palamu division|Palamu]] division and has its administrative headquarters in [[Garhwa]] City.Garhwa district is located in west northern part of Jharkhand.

==History== The Garhwa District was established on April 1, 1991, from the former [[Palamu district]], by separating its former Garhwa sub-division. It has been a part of the [[Red Corridor]] since 2011.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://intellibriefs.blogspot.com/2009/12/naxal-menace-83-districts-under.html |title=83 districts under the Security Related Expenditure Scheme |publisher=IntelliBriefs |date=2009-12-11 |access-date=2011-09-17 |archive-date=2011-10-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111027115807/http://intellibriefs.blogspot.com/2009/12/naxal-menace-83-districts-under.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>

== Administration == The Garhwa district includes three subdivisions: [[Garhwa]], [[Nagar Untari]] and [[Ranka Garhwa|Ranka]], which are further divided into 20 [[Community development block in India|blocks]].

This district comprises a 156-[[gram panchayat]] and 916 villages.

Below is the list of blocks in Garhwa district: {{Columns-list|colwidth=18em|style=width:700px;}} #[[Bhandaria, Garhwa|Bhandaria]] #[[Danda Garhwa|Danda]] #[[Garhwa]] #[[Manjhiaon Garhwa|Manjhiaon]] #[[Ramkanda Garhwa|Ramkanda]] #[[Bishunpura Garhwa|Bishunpura]] #[[Bhawnathpur Garhwa|Bhawnathpur]] #[[Dandai Garhwa|Dandai]] #[[Kandi Garhwa|Kandi]] #[[Meral (India)|Meral]] #[[Ramna Garhwa|Ramna]] #[[Ketar Garhwa|Ketar]] #[[Sagma Garhwa|Sagma]] #[[Chinia Garhwa|Chinia]] #[[Dhurki Garhwa|Dhurki]] #[[Kharaundhi Garhwa|Kharaundhi]] #[[Nagar Untari|Shree Banshidhar Nagar]] #[[Ranka Garhwa|Ranka]] #[[Bardiha Garhwa|Bardiha]] #Bargarh

==Geography== The Garhwa district lies between 23° 60’ and 24° 39’ north [[latitude]] and 83° 22’ and 84° 00’ east [[longitude]]. It is bordered by the [[Son River]] to the north, the Palamau district of [[Jharkhand]] state to the east, the [[Balrampur district, Chhattisgarh|Balrampur]] district of [[Chhattisgarh]] state to the south, and the [[Sonbhadra district|Sonbhadra]] district of [[Uttar Pradesh]] to the west.

==Economy== In 2006, the Indian government named Garhwa District one of the 250 most backward districts in the country, out of a total of 640.<ref name=brgf/> It is one of the 21 districts in Jharkhand state currently receiving funds from the [[Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme]] (BRGF).<ref name=brgf>{{cite web|author=Ministry of Panchayati Raj |date=September 8, 2009 |title=A Note on the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme |publisher=National Institute of Rural Development |url=http://www.nird.org.in/brgf/doc/brgf_BackgroundNote.pdf |access-date=September 27, 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120405033402/http://www.nird.org.in/brgf/doc/brgf_BackgroundNote.pdf |archive-date=April 5, 2012 }}</ref>

==Transport== Garhwa is well-connected to roads and railways. Daily bus services are available from [[Ranchi]] and the much bigger districts of [[Jharkhand]], [[Chhattisgarh]] and [[Bihar]], but road connections in this district are not as high quality as others in the state. The district is connected to Rewa in [[Madhya Pradesh]] and [[Ranchi]] in Jharkhand by National Highway No. 39. There are 210 km of state highway, 55 km of national highway ([[National Highway 39 (India)|NH-39]]) and 96.95 km of district roads. There is a total of 190 km link roads and corridors.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://garhwa.nic.in/communication.html |title=Communication::GARHWA district, Jharkhand, India:: |access-date=2012-04-22 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120426064308/http://garhwa.nic.in/communication.html |archive-date=2012-04-26 }}</ref>

The nearest airport is located at [[Varanasi Airport|Varanasi]] (140 km). Garhwa Railway Station is a major railhead of the [[Eastern Railway zone]]. [[National Highway 39 (India)|National Highway 39]] passes through Garhwa.

==Demographics== {{historical populations|11=1901|12=1,85,046|13=1911|14=2,05,225|15=1921|16=2,18,858|17=1931|18=2,44,325|19=1941|20=2,72,376|21=1951|22=2,94,170|23=1961|24=3,58,877|25=1971|26=4,66,404|27=1981|28=6,06,759|29=1991|30=8,01,350|31=2001|32=10,35,464|33=2011|34=13,22,784|percentages=pagr|footnote=source:<ref>{{cite web |title=Table A-02 Decadal Variation in Population Since 1901: Jharkhand |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/43353/download/47042/20%20A-2%20Jharkhand.pdf |website=census.gov.in|publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref>|align=center}}

{{bar box |title=Religions in Garhwa district (2011)<ref name="Religion">{{cite web |title=Table C-01 Population By Religion: Jharkhand|url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/11377/download/14490/DDW20C-01%20MDDS.XLS|website=census.gov.in|publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref> |titlebar=#Fcd116 |left1=Religion |right1=Percent |float=left |bars= {{bar percent|[[Hinduism]]|darkorange|83.50}} {{bar percent|[[Islam]]|green|14.72}} {{bar percent|[[Christianity in Jharkhand|Christianity]]|dodgerblue|1.30}} {{bar percent|Other or not stated|black|0.48}} }}

According to the [[2011 census of India|2011 census]], Garhwa district has a [[Demographics of India|population]] of 1,322,784, roughly equal to the nation of [[Mauritius]]<ref name="cia">{{cite web | author = US Directorate of Intelligence | title = Country Comparison:Population | url = https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2119rank.html | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070613004507/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2119rank.html | url-status = dead | archive-date = June 13, 2007 | access-date = 2011-10-01 | quote = Mauritius 1,303,717 July 2011 est. }}</ref> or the US state of [[New Hampshire]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/apportionment-pop-text.php |title=2010 Resident Population Data |publisher=U. S. Census Bureau |access-date=2011-09-30 |quote=New Hampshire 1,316,470 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110101090833/http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/apportionment-pop-text.php |archive-date=2011-01-01 }}</ref> This number gives it a ranking of 368th in India, out of a total of [[Districts of India|640]]. The district has a population density of {{convert|327|PD/sqkm|PD/sqmi}}. Its [[Family planning in India|population growth rate]] over the decade 2001-2011 was 27.71%. Garhwa has a [[sex ratio]] of 933 [[Women in India|females]] for every 1,000 males, and a [[Literacy in India|literacy rate]] of 60.33%. 5.27% of the population lives in urban areas. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes make up 24.19% and 15.56% of the population respectively.<ref name=districtcensus>{{Cite web |date=2011 |title=District Census Handbook: Garhwa |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/544/download/1824/DH_2011_2001_PART_A_DCHB_GARHWA.pdf |website=censusindia.gov.in |publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref>

{{Pie chart |caption= Languages of Garhwa district (2011)<ref name="language"/> |label1 = [[Hindi]] |value1 = 54.52 |color1 = orange |label2 = [[Magahi language|Magahi]] |value2 = 26.24 |color2 = crimson |label3 = [[Bhojpuri language|Bhojpuri]] |value3 = 7.29 |color3 = gold |label4 = [[Sadri language|Sadri]] |value4 = 5.39 |color4 = burlywood |label5 = [[Urdu]] |value5 = 5.29 |color5 = green |label6 = Others |value6 = 1.27 |color6 = grey }}

At the time of the [[2011 Census of India]], 54.52% of the population in the district spoke [[Hindi]], 26.24% [[Magahi language|Magahi]], 7.29% [[Bhojpuri language|Bhojpuri]], 5.39% [[Sadri language|Sadri]] and 5.29% [[Urdu]] as their first language. Another 11,400 speak [[Kurukh language|Kurukh]].<ref name="language">{{Cite web |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/10207/download/13319/DDW-C16-STMT-MDDS-2000.XLSX|title=Table C-16 Population by Mother Tongue: Jharkhand|website=censusindia.gov.in|publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref>

== Politics == Garhwa has two assembly constituencies, [[Garhwa Assembly constituency|Garhwa]] and [[Bhawanathpur Assembly constituency|Bhawanthpur]]. Both are part of [[Palamu Lok Sabha constituency]], whose MP is [[Vishnu Dayal Ram]] from the [[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]].

{{transcluded section|source=6th Jharkhand Assembly}} {{#section:6th Jharkhand Assembly|MLA Header}} {{#section:6th Jharkhand Assembly|Garhwa district}} |}

==Towns and villages==   *[[Garhwa]] *[[Hoor, Garhwa|Hoor]] *[[Sirhe, Garhwa|Sirhe]]

==See also== *[[Palamu district]] *[[Jharkhand]] * [[Nagar Untari]] Giridih

==References== {{Reflist}}

==External links== * [http://garhwa.nic.in Official district government website]

{{Geographic location |Centre = Garhwa district |North = [[Rohtas district]], [[Bihar]] |Northeast = |East = [[Palamu district]] |Southeast = [[Latehar district]] |South = |Southwest = [[Surguja district]], [[Chhattisgarh]] |West = |Northwest = [[Sonbhadra district]], [[Uttar Pradesh]] }}

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[[Category:Garhwa district| ]] [[Category:Districts of Jharkhand]] [[Category:1991 establishments in Bihar]]