Galagadon

{{Short description|Genus of sharks known only from fossils}} {{Speciesbox |fossil_range = Late Cretaceous, {{Geological range|67.4}} |image = |genus = Galagadon |parent_authority = Gates, Gorscak and Makovicky, 2019 |species = nordquistae |authority = Gates, Gorscak and Makovicky, 2019 }}

'''''Galagadon''''' ({{IPAc-en|g|æ|l|ʌ|g|ə|d|ɒ|n}}) is an extinct genus of small carpet shark that lived during the Late Cretaceous period. It contains one species, '''''G.''''' '''''nordquistae.''''' It was named after the video game ''Galaga'' due to a resemblance between its teeth and the spaceships in the game,<ref name="GalagadonJournal">{{cite journal|last1=Gates|first1=Terry|last2=Gorscak|first2=Eric|last3=Makovicky|first3=Peter|date=21 January 2019|title=New sharks and other chondrichthyans from the latest Maastrichtian (Late Cretaceous) of North America|journal=Journal of Paleontology|volume=93 |issue=3 |pages=512–530 |doi=10.1017/jpa.2018.92|doi-access=free|bibcode=2019JPal...93..512G }}</ref> and Field Museum volunteer Karen Nordquist.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Wenz |first1=John |title=New Shark Species Found in the Mud, Right Next to Where Sue the T. Rex Was Discovered |url=https://www.popularmechanics.com/science/animals/a25953914/new-shark-species-sue-t-rex/ |website=Popular Mechanics |access-date=5 August 2019 |date=21 January 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190805184603/https://www.popularmechanics.com/science/animals/a25953914/new-shark-species-sue-t-rex/ |archive-date=5 August 2019 |url-status=live }}</ref>

The extinct shark would have traversed the rivers and wetlands of South Dakota some 67 million years ago. The find, dating to the late Cretaceous period, was presented in the ''Journal of Paleontology''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://gizmodo.com/ancient-shark-with-spaceship-shaped-teeth-named-after-v-1831931460|title=Ancient Shark With Spaceship-Shaped Teeth Named After Vintage Video Game|last=Dvorsky|first=George|website=Gizmodo|date=21 January 2019 |language=en-US|access-date=23 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190123001934/https://gizmodo.com/ancient-shark-with-spaceship-shaped-teeth-named-after-v-1831931460|archive-date=23 January 2019|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="GalagadonJournal" />

==Discovery== ''Galagadon nordquistae'' was described from small teeth found in limestone originating from the Cheyenne River Indian Reservation in western South Dakota, specifically that left over from the excavation of the remains of Sue the ''Tyrannosaurus rex''.<ref name="PolygonGalagadon">{{Cite web|url=https://www.polygon.com/2019/1/21/18187060/sue-the-t-rex-galaga-prehistoric-shark-tooth|title=Newly discovered prehistoric shark named after arcade classic Galaga|last=Hall|first=Charlie|date=21 January 2019|website=Polygon|access-date=22 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190123044359/https://www.polygon.com/2019/1/21/18187060/sue-the-t-rex-galaga-prehistoric-shark-tooth|archive-date=23 January 2019|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/new-prehistoric-shark-species-discovered-alongside-sue-t-rex-180971313/|title=New Prehistoric Shark Species Discovered Alongside Sue the T. Rex|last=Switek|first=Brian|date=21 January 2019|website=Smithsonian Magazine|access-date=22 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190621035442/https://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/new-prehistoric-shark-species-discovered-alongside-sue-t-rex-180971313/|archive-date=21 June 2019|url-status=live}}</ref> According to William Simpson, the head of geological collections and the collections manager for fossil vertebrates at the Chicago Field Museum, (the museum in which ''G. nordquistae''<nowiki/>'s teeth are currently housed), the rock matrix removed from SUE's bones was preserved "because there are tiny fossils in the matrix, and I knew that one day I could find a victim some day to go through all of that rock and look for the tiny fossils".{{efn|"Matrix" refers here to limestone.<ref name="PolygonGalagadon" />}}<ref name="PolygonGalagadon" />

==References== {{Reflist}}

==Notes== {{Notelist}}

Category:Carpet sharks Category:Cretaceous sharks Category:Paleontology in South Dakota Category:Hell Creek fauna Category:Fossil taxa described in 2019 Category:Prehistoric shark genera Category:Monotypic prehistoric cartilaginous fish genera