{{Short description|Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens}} {{cs1 config|name-list-style=vanc}} {{redirect|GIPR|the railway|Great Indian Peninsula Railway}} {{Infobox_gene}}
The '''gastric inhibitory polypeptide receptor''' ('''GIP-R'''), also known as the '''glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor''', is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''GIPR'' gene.<ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: gastric inhibitory polypeptide receptor| url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=2696}}</ref><ref name="pmid7490109">{{cite journal |vauthors=Stoffel M, Fernald AA, Le Beau MM, Bell GI | title = Assignment of the gastric inhibitory polypeptide receptor gene (GIPR) to chromosome bands 19q13.2-q13.3 by fluorescence in situ hybridization | journal = Genomics | volume = 28 | issue = 3 | pages = 607–609 |date=August 1995 | pmid = 7490109 | doi = 10.1006/geno.1995.1203 }}</ref>
GIP-R is a member of the class B family of G protein coupled receptors.<ref name="NCBI-Gene-2696">{{Citation |author=NCBI |author-link=National Center for Biotechnology Information |title=NCBI Gene entry 2696 (GIPR) |access-date=2018-12-20 |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene?Db=gene&Cmd=DetailsSearch&Term=2696 |postscript=.}}</ref> GIP-R is found on beta-cells in the pancreas<ref name="Helmenstine">{{cite web |title=Gastrointestinal Hormones and Peptides |url=http://web.indstate.edu/thcme/mwking/peptide-hormones.html#gastrin |access-date=2007-08-24 |archive-date=2007-12-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071206035951/http://web.indstate.edu/thcme/mwking/peptide-hormones.html#gastrin |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="pmid12529935">{{cite journal |vauthors=Brubaker PL, Drucker DJ | title = Structure-function of the glucagon receptor family of G protein-coupled receptors: the glucagon, GIP, GLP-1, and GLP-2 receptors | journal = Recept. Channels | volume = 8 | issue = 3–4 | pages = 179–188 | year = 2002 | pmid = 12529935 | doi = 10.1080/10606820213687 | doi-access = free }}</ref> where it serves as the receptor for the hormone Gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP).
== Function ==
Gastric inhibitory polypeptide, also called glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide, is a 42-amino acid polypeptide synthesized by K cells of the duodenum and small intestine. It was originally identified as an activity in gut extracts that inhibited gastric acid secretion and gastrin release, but subsequently was demonstrated to stimulate insulin release potently in the presence of elevated glucose. The insulinotropic effect on pancreatic islet beta-cells was then recognized to be the principal physiologic action of GIP. Together with glucagon-like peptide-1, GIP is largely responsible for the secretion of insulin after eating. It is involved in several other facets of the anabolic response.<ref name="entrez"/>
==References== {{Reflist}}
==Further reading== {{refbegin | 2}} *{{cite journal |vauthors=Yamada Y, Seino Y |title=Physiology of GIP--a lesson from GIP receptor knockout mice |journal=Horm. Metab. Res. |volume=36 |issue= 11–12 |pages= 771–774 |year= 2005 |pmid= 15655707 |doi= 10.1055/s-2004-826162 |s2cid=262453421 }} *{{cite journal | author=Gremlich S |title=Cloning, functional expression, and chromosomal localization of the human pancreatic islet glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor |journal=Diabetes |volume=44 |issue= 10 |pages= 1202–1208 |year= 1995 |pmid= 7556958 |doi=10.2337/diabetes.44.10.1202 | author2=Porret A | author3=Hani EH | last4=Cherif | first4=D. | last5=Vionnet | first5=N. | last6=Froguel | first6=P. | last7=Thorens | first7=B. }} *{{cite journal | author=Volz A |title=Molecular cloning, functional expression, and signal transduction of the GIP-receptor cloned from a human insulinoma |journal=FEBS Lett. |volume=373 |issue= 1 |pages= 23–29 |year= 1995 |pmid= 7589426 |doi=10.1016/0014-5793(95)01006-Z | author2=Göke R | author3=Lankat-Buttgereit B | last4=Fehmann | first4=HC | last5=Bode | first5=HP | last6=Göke | first6=B |bibcode=1995FEBSL.373...23V |s2cid=25033358 |doi-access=free}} *{{cite journal | author=Usdin TB |title=Gastric inhibitory polypeptide receptor, a member of the secretin-vasoactive intestinal peptide receptor family, is widely distributed in peripheral organs and the brain |journal=Endocrinology |volume=133 |issue= 6 |pages= 2861–2870 |year= 1994 |pmid= 8243312 |doi=10.1210/endo.133.6.8243312 | author2=Mezey E | author3=Button DC | last4=Brownstein | first4=MJ | last5=Bonner | first5=TI }} *{{cite journal | author=Yamada Y |title=Human gastric inhibitory polypeptide receptor: cloning of the gene (GIPR) and cDNA |journal=Genomics |volume=29 |issue= 3 |pages= 773–776 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8575774 |doi= 10.1006/geno.1995.9937 | author2=Hayami T | author3=Nakamura K | last4=Kaisaki | first4=PJ | last5=Someya | first5=Y | last6=Wang | first6=CZ | last7=Seino | first7=S | last8=Seino | first8=Y }} *{{cite journal | author=Gallwitz B |title=GLP-1/GIP chimeric peptides define the structural requirements for specific ligand-receptor interaction of GLP-1 |journal=Regul. Pept. |volume=63 |issue= 1 |pages= 17–22 |year= 1997 |pmid= 8795084 |doi=10.1016/0167-0115(96)00019-5 | author2=Witt M | author3=Morys-Wortmann C | last4=Fölsch | first4=UR | last5=Schmidt | first5=WE |s2cid=42462407 }} *{{cite journal | author=N'Diaye N |title=Adrenocortical overexpression of gastric inhibitory polypeptide receptor underlies food-dependent Cushing's syndrome |journal=J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. |volume=83 |issue= 8 |pages= 2781–2785 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9709947 | author2=Tremblay J | author3=Hamet P | last4=De Herder | first4=WW | last5=Lacroix | first5=A |doi=10.1210/jcem.83.8.5038 |doi-access=free }} *{{cite journal |vauthors=Tseng CC, Zhang XY |title=Role of G protein-coupled receptor kinases in glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor signaling |journal=Endocrinology |volume=141 |issue= 3 |pages= 947–952 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10698169 |doi=10.1210/endo.141.3.7365 |doi-access=free }} *{{cite journal | author=Bollag RJ |title=Osteoblast-derived cells express functional glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide receptors |journal=Endocrinology |volume=141 |issue= 3 |pages= 1228–1235 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10698200 |doi=10.1210/endo.141.3.7366 | author2=Zhong Q | author3=Phillips P | last4=Min | first4=L | last5=Zhong | first5=L | last6=Cameron | first6=R | last7=Mulloy | first7=AL | last8=Rasmussen | first8=H | last9=Qin | first9=F | doi-access=free }} *{{cite journal | author=Strausberg RL |title=Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=99 |issue= 26 |pages= 16899–16903 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12477932 |doi= 10.1073/pnas.242603899 | pmc=139241 | author2=Feingold EA | author3=Grouse LH | last4=Derge | first4=JG | last5=Klausner | first5=RD | last6=Collins | first6=FS | last7=Wagner | first7=L | last8=Shenmen | first8=CM | last9=Schuler | first9=GD |bibcode=2002PNAS...9916899M |doi-access=free }} *{{cite journal | author=Baldacchino V |title=Partial characterisation of the 5' flanking region of the human GIP receptor (GIPR) gene |journal=Endocr. Res. |volume=28 |issue= 4 |pages= 577 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12530665 |doi=10.1081/ERC-120016843 | author2=Oble S | author3=Hamet P | last4=Tremblay | first4=J. | last5=Lacroix | first5=A. |s2cid=32639335 }} *{{cite journal | author=Antonini SR |title=Analysis of the putative promoter region of the GIP receptor gene (GIPR) in GIP-dependent Cushing's syndrome (CS) |journal=Endocr. Res. |volume=28 |issue= 4 |pages= 755–756 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12530694 |doi=10.1081/ERC-120017003 | author2=N'Diaye N | author3=Hamet P | last4=Tremblay | first4=J. | last5=Lacroix | first5=A. |s2cid=21467413 }} *{{cite journal | author=Manhart S |title=Structure-function analysis of a series of novel GIP analogues containing different helical length linkers |journal=Biochemistry |volume=42 |issue= 10 |pages= 3081–3088 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12627975 |doi= 10.1021/bi026868e | author2=Hinke SA | author3=McIntosh CH | last4=Pederson | first4=Raymond A. | last5=Demuth | first5=Hans-Ulrich }} *{{cite journal |vauthors=Ding KH, Zhong Q, Isales CM |title=Glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide stimulates thymidine incorporation in endothelial cells: role of endothelin-1 |journal=Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab. |volume=285 |issue= 2 |pages= E390–6 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12721154 |doi= 10.1152/ajpendo.00509.2002 }} *{{cite journal | author=Grimwood J |title=The DNA sequence and biology of human chromosome 19 |journal=Nature |volume=428 |issue= 6982 |pages= 529–535 |year= 2004 |pmid= 15057824 |doi= 10.1038/nature02399 | author2=Gordon LA | author3=Olsen A | last4=Terry | first4=Astrid | last5=Schmutz | first5=Jeremy | last6=Lamerdin | first6=Jane | last7=Hellsten | first7=Uffe | last8=Goodstein | first8=David | last9=Couronne | first9=Olivier |bibcode=2004Natur.428..529G | doi-access=free }} *{{cite journal | author=Hansotia T |title=Double incretin receptor knockout (DIRKO) mice reveal an essential role for the enteroinsular axis in transducing the glucoregulatory actions of DPP-IV inhibitors |journal=Diabetes |volume=53 |issue= 5 |pages= 1326–1335 |year= 2004 |pmid= 15111503 |doi=10.2337/diabetes.53.5.1326 | author2=Baggio LL | author3=Delmeire D | last4=Hinke | first4=S. A. | last5=Yamada | first5=Y. | last6=Tsukiyama | first6=K. | last7=Seino | first7=Y. | last8=Holst | first8=J. J. | last9=Schuit | first9=F. | doi-access=free }} *{{cite journal | author=Gerhard DS |title=The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC) |journal=Genome Res. |volume=14 |issue= 10B |pages= 2121–2127 |year= 2004 |pmid= 15489334 |doi= 10.1101/gr.2596504 | pmc=528928 | author2=Wagner L | author3=Feingold EA | last4=Shenmen | first4=CM | last5=Grouse | first5=LH | last6=Schuler | first6=G | last7=Klein | first7=SL | last8=Old | first8=S | last9=Rasooly | first9=R }} *{{cite journal | author=Baldacchino V |title=The Sp transcription factor family is involved in the cellular expression of the human GIP-R gene promoter |journal=Endocr. Res. |volume=30 |issue= 4 |pages= 805–806 |year= 2005 |pmid= 15666829 |doi=10.1081/ERC-200044046 | author2=Oble S | author3=Hamet P | last4=Tremblay | first4=J. | last5=Bourdeau | first5=I. | last6=Lacroix | first6=A. |s2cid=40407171 }} {{refend}}
==External links== *{{cite web | url = http://www.iuphar-db.org/GPCR/ReceptorDisplayForward?receptorID=2294 | title = Glucagon Receptor Family: GIP | work = IUPHAR Database of Receptors and Ion Channels | publisher = International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology | access-date = 2007-10-25 | archive-date = 2016-03-03 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160303191301/http://www.iuphar-db.org/GPCR/ReceptorDisplayForward?receptorID=2294 | url-status = dead }} * {{MeshName|gastric+inhibitory+polypeptide+receptor}}
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Category:G protein-coupled receptors