{{Short description|Baden-Baden bath}} {{Infobox historic site | name = Friedrichsbad | image = Baden-Baden-Friedrichsbad-01-Suedost-gje.jpg | caption = | architect = Karl Dernfeld | built = 1877 | location = Baden-Baden, Baden-Württemberg, Germany | locmapin = | map_relief = no | map_width = | map_caption = | coordinates = {{coord|48.7631|8.2422|type:landmark_region:DE|display=inline,title}} | architecture = Neo-renaissance | owner = Carasana Bäderbetriebe GmbH }}The '''Friedrichsbad''' is a spa in the city of Baden-Baden in Germany. The Neo-renaissance spa building was completed in 1877.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Historical sight - Friedrichsbad|url=https://www.baden-baden.com/en/media/attractions/historical-sight-friedrichsbad|access-date=2020-11-02|website=Baden-Baden EN|language=en}}</ref>

== History and architecture == The architect Karl Dernfeld designed the Friedrichsbad in the Renaissance style. It was built between 1869 and 1877.

The lush Renaissance-style facade of the Friedrichsbad is adorned with two panels bearing the following inscription from Goethe’s Faust in gold letters:<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|last=Kannewischer|first=Bernd|date=2003|title=125 Jahre Friedrichsbad Baden-Baden|url=https://www.kannewischer.com/fileadmin/kannewischer.com/media/Referenzen/Import/2877.2003-6_Friedrichsbad_125_Jahre.pdf|access-date=2 November 2020|website=SPORT BÄDER FREIZEIT}}</ref> thumb|330x330px|North-eastern side of the Friedrichsbad <blockquote>''„Wunderwirkend strömt die Welle,''

''Strömt der heisse Dampf der Quelle,''

''Muth wird freier, Blut wird neuer,''

''heil dem Wasser, heil dem Feuer!“''

''[Working wonders the wave is streaming''

''Streaming the hot steam of the spring''

''Feelings become freer, blood newer''

''Hail water! Hail fire!]<ref>{{Cite book|last=Wood|first=Karl E.|title=Health and Hazard – Spa Culture and the Social History of Medicine in the Nineteenth Century|publisher=Cambridge Scholars Publishing|year=2012|pages=105}}</ref>''</blockquote> In 1867, the North German Confederation decided to ban gambling in all of Germany from 1872 onwards. During the public discussions about casinos that had been going on for a number of years, the city of Baden-Baden was looking for alternatives in order to remain attractive to spa guests. Karl Dernfeld, who was relatively unknown at the time, became Baden-Baden's district building inspector in 1868. Together with the grand ducal spa doctor and Medical Councilor Dr. Carl Frech, he was commissioned to visit well-known health baths in order to implement the knowledge gained for the construction of the Friedrichsbad.

Direct architectural models for the Friedrichsbad are the Raitzenbad in Budapest and the Graf-Eberhardsbad (today ''Palais Thermal'') in Wildbad, which Dernfeld visited during his trip with Dr. Frech to get to know the most important health resorts in Germany and Austria-Hungary. The Eberhardsbad in Wildbad was built between 1840 and 1847, the Raitzenbad in Budapest from 1866 to 1873. As far as old writings can be read, Dernfeld is also said to be inspired by the Baths of Caracalla and the Baths of Diocletian in Rome. The extensive excavations were started in 1869. Remnants of Roman baths were found. The opening of the Grand Ducal Friedrichsbad took place on December 15, 1877.

Dernfeld's original architectural plans are lost. Changed therapeutic considerations have led to multiple spatial changes during 125 years of operation of the spa. For example, "apparatus for mechanical therapeutic gymnastics" were installed in the Friedrichsbad in Baden-Baden as early as 1884. This might have been one of the first therapeutically supervised facility that resembles modern fitness studios. At that time, not only active devices that had to be worked on were set up, but also passive devices that moved different body parts with machine power.<ref name=":0" />

== The spa == The thermal water has its source on the slopes of the Florentinerberg in Baden-Baden. Around 50% of the thermal spring water flows through the ''Friedrichstollen'' which is the main catchment tunnel. From depths of between 1200 and 1800 metres, the water reaches the surface at temperatures ranging from 56&nbsp;°C to 68.8&nbsp;°C from a total of twelve separate sodium chloride-bearing artesian springs. The springs are approximately 12,000 to 17,000 years old and discharge around 800,000 litres of thermal water a day (that's 9 litres a second) with a daily mineral content of 2,400&nbsp;kg.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Carasana: Thermal water|url=https://www.carasana.de/en/friedrichsbad0/thermalwater.html|access-date=2020-11-02|website=www.carasana.de|language=en-GB}}</ref>

As of 2020, the Friedrichsbad belongs to the Carasana Bäderbetriebe GmbH and claims to combine the Roman bathing culture with Irish hot air baths.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Carasana: Friedrichsbad|url=https://www.carasana.de/de/friedrichsbad/|access-date=2020-11-02|website=www.carasana.de|language=de-DE}}</ref> The Friedrichsbad is now home to massage rooms as well as private suites and exhibition space that shows the Roman bath ruins of the Friedrichsbad.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Kannewischer|first=Jürgen|date=2006|title=Caracalla Therme und Friedrichsbad – Wandel zum Wellnesstempel|work=SPORT BÄDER FREIZEIT|url=https://www.kannewischer.com/fileadmin/kannewischer.com/media/Referenzen/Import/2877.2006-5_Caracalla_und_Friedrichsbad.pdf}}</ref>

== Trivia == Mark Twain (1835–1910) is said to have commented the Friedrichsbad spa as follows: "After 10 minutes you forget time, after 20 minutes you forget the world.”<ref>{{Cite web|last=Sunder|first=Kalpana|title=Baden Baden - it's so nice, you say it twice|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/travel/destinations/baden-baden-its-so-nice-you-say-it-twice/as23099553.cms|access-date=2020-11-04|website=Times of India Travel}}</ref>

== See also ==

* List of Spa towns in Germany *Spa architecture *Kurhaus of Baden-Baden *Palais Thermal

== Photo gallery == <gallery mode="nolines"> File:Friedrichsbad in Baden-Baden.JPG|Front view of the Friedrichsbad File:Baden-Baden 10-2015 img52 Friedrichsbad.jpg|Front view File:Baden Baden - Friedrichsbad - View SE.jpg|Cupola in the renaissance style File:Baden-Baden-AltesDampfbad-Friedrichsbad.jpg|Old Steam Bath Building File:Baden-Baden-Friedrichsbad-10-gje.jpg|The Friedrichsbad in the spring time File:Baden-Baden-Friedrichsbad-55-Giebelfiguren-gje.jpg|Gable figure on the roof of the Friedrichsbad File:Baden-Baden-Friedrichsbad-Goethe-02-gje.jpg|Goethe quote part I File:Baden-Baden-Friedrichsbad-Goethe-01-gje.jpg|Goethe quote part II </gallery>

== References == {{Reflist}}

== External links ==

* [https://www.carasana.de/en/friedrichsbad0/ Official website of the Friedrichsbad] * [https://www.carasana.de/en/caracallaspa/ Official website of the Caracalla spa]

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Category:Black Forest Category:Spas Category:Buildings and structures in Baden-Baden Category:Tourist attractions in Baden-Württemberg Category:Heritage sites in Baden-Württemberg