{{Short description|German-American sinologist (1845–1927)}} [[Image:Friedrich Hirth 1872.jpg|thumb|right|Hirth and wife in 1872]] '''Friedrich Hirth''' Ph.D. (16 April 1845 in [[Tonna, Germany|Gräfentonna]], [[Saxe-Gotha]] &ndash; 10 January 1927 in [[Munich]]) was a [[German-American]] [[Sinology|sinologist]].<ref>{{cite magazine|title=HIRTH, Friedrich|magazine=Who's Who in America|year=1910|volume= 6|page=916|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4EQOO9S5cSUC&pg=PA916|last1=Leonard|first1=John William|last2=Marquis|first2=Albert Nelson}}</ref>

==Biography== He was educated at the universities of [[University of Leipzig|Leipzig]], [[Humboldt University of Berlin|Berlin]], and [[University of Greifswald|Greifswald]] (Ph.D., 1869). He was in the [[Chinese Maritime Customs Service]] from 1870 to 1897. In 1902, Professor Hirth was appointed to the first Dean Lung Professorship of Chinese at [[Columbia University]] ([[New York City]]).

Prior to World War II, a collection of Chinese manuscripts and printed books made by him was in the [[Berlin State Library|Royal Library at Berlin]], and another of [[porcelain]]s of considerable historical importance in the [[Gotha (town)#Sights|Gotha Museum]]; most of the Hirth collection from the [[Staatsbibliothek]] in Berlin is now in [[Kraków]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ib.hu-berlin.de/bbbvz/bbdu1.html |title=Archived copy |access-date=2011-06-03 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110721015752/http://www.ib.hu-berlin.de/bbbvz/bbdu1.html |archive-date=2011-07-21 }}</ref> As an investigator he conducted researches in [[Chinese literature]] by imitation of the methods of classical [[philology]].

==Works== * {{cite journal |title =The Hoppo-Book of 1753 |journal =Journal of the North China Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society |volume =17 |pages =221–235 |date =1882 |url = https://books.google.com/books?id=QY8Y4Dr5uOsC&q=The+Hoppo+Book+of+1753,&pg=PA221 }} Translates and annotates a merchant log dealing with the Superintendent of Customs or "[[Hoppo]]". * ''China and the Roman Orient: Researches into their Ancient and Mediœval Relations as Represented in Old Chinese Records'' (1885)[https://archive.org/stream/chinaandromanor01hirtgoog#page/n10/mode/2up] [http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/eastasia/romchin1.asp] [https://books.google.com/books?id=dk4uAAAAYAAJ&q=important+southern+ports+pearls+round+otherwise+tortoise+shells+fruits+textiles+important+pearl+fishery][https://books.google.com/books?id=dk4uAAAAYAAJ&q=using+this+route+first+appears+old+history+from+record+seems+road+considered+ancient+gate+pass+jiu+tangshu] * [https://books.google.com/books?id=liLWAAAAMAAJ ''Ancient Porcelain: A Study in Chinese Mediœval Industry and Trade'' (1888)] * ''Text-Book of Documentary Chinese'' (two volumes, 1885–88) ** [https://books.google.com/books?id=EVJKAAAAYAAJ ''Hsin-kuan wên-chien-lu: text book of documentary Chinese, with a vocabulary for the special use of the Chinese customs service'' (1885)] ** [https://books.google.com/books?id=sJQbAAAAMAAJ ''新關文件錄'' (1909)] * [https://books.google.com/books?id=q4IUAAAAIAAJ ''Notes on the Chinese documentary style'' (1888)] * [https://books.google.com/books?id=a6xDAAAAIAAJ ''Notes on the Chinese documentary style'' (1888)] * ''Chinesische Studien'', volume i (1890) * [https://books.google.com/books?id=NgAxAQAAMAAJ ''Index of the Characters in Dr. Hirth's "Text Book of Documentary Chinese," Arranged by Their Radicals: With a List Giving Their Tones'' (1892)] * [https://books.google.com/books?id=DdBJAAAAMAAJ ''Ueber fremde Einflüsse in der chinesischen Kunst'' (1896)] * [https://books.google.com/books?id=3zEYAAAAYAAJ ''Scraps from a Collector's Note-book, Being Notes on Some Chinese Painters of the Present Dynasty, with Appendices on Some Old Masters and Art Historians'' (1905)] [https://books.google.com/books?id=KnAuAAAAYAAJ] * [https://books.google.com/books?id=UhETAAAAYAAJ ''Syllabary of Chinese sounds'' (1907)] ** [https://books.google.com/books?id=RvpYAAAAYAAJ ''Research in China ...: pt. 1. Descriptive topography and geology''], by Bailey Willis, [[Eliot Blackwelder]], and R.H. Sargent. pt. 2. ''Petrography and zoology'', by Eliot Blackwelder. ''Syllabary of Chinese sounds, by Friedrich Hirth'' (1907) ** [https://books.google.com/books?id=lndZAAAAYAAJ ''Chinese metallic mirrors: with notes on some ancient specimens of the Musée Guimet, Paris'' (1907)] * [https://books.google.com/books?id=GIwJAQAAIAAJ ''Research in China ...: pt. 1. Descriptive topography and geology, by Bailey Willis, Eliot Blackwelder, and R.H. Sargent. pt. 2. Petrography and zoology, by Eliot Blackwelder. Syllabary of Chinese sounds, by Friedrich Hirth'' (1907)] * [https://books.google.com/books?id=b70NAAAAYAAJ ''Research in China ...: Systematic geology, by Bailey Willis'' (1907)] * ''The Ancient History of China to the End of the Chou Dynasty'' (New York: Columbia University Press, 1908) [https://books.google.com/books?id=A-bUAAAAMAAJ 1911 edition] * [http://library.uoregon.edu/ec/e-asia/reada/chau-ju-kua.pdf ''CHAU JU-KUA: His Work on the Chinese and Arab Trade in the twelfth and thirteenth Centuries, entitled Chu-fan-chï, Translated from the Chinese and Annotated by FRIEDRICH HIRTH and W. W. ROCKHILL'', (1911)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170405170438/http://library.uoregon.edu/ec/e-asia/reada/chau-ju-kua.pdf |date=2017-04-05 }} with W. W. Rockhill * [https://books.google.com/books?id=oPtYAAAAYAAJ ''Research in China ...'' (1913)] * ''The Story of Chang K'ie'n, China's Pioneer in Western Asia'' (1917) * [https://books.google.com/books?id=2TMMAAAAYAAJ ''Native sources for the history of Chinese pictorial art'' (1917)]

==See also== * [[Zhao Rugua]]

==Notes== {{reflist}}

==References== * {{Cite NIE|wstitle=Hirth, Friedrich|year=1905}}

==External links== {{Wikisource author-inline}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Hirth, Friedrich}} [[Category:Columbia University faculty]] [[Category:Columbia University librarians]] [[Category:Leipzig University alumni]] [[Category:Humboldt University of Berlin alumni]] [[Category:University of Greifswald alumni]] [[Category:German sinologists]] [[Category:American expatriates in China]] [[Category:German emigrants to the United States]] [[Category:1845 births]] [[Category:1927 deaths]] [[Category:German male non-fiction writers]]