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In France, a '''''unité mixte de recherche''''' ('''UMR'''), or '''joint research unit''' as translated into English, is an administrative type of research laboratory that is partially supported by CNRS and partially by other organizations or universities, in terms of funds, academic and non-academic staff, and other type of support.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.dgdr.cnrs.fr/elections/conseil_unite/textes/DEC920520SOSI_SOR_consolidee0316.pdf |date=24 July 1992 |title=DEC920520SOSI - Décision portant organisation et fonctionnement des structures opérationnelles de recherche |website=dgdr.cnrs.fr }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-09-28 |title=Research in the laboratory CNRS |url=https://www.cnrs.fr/en/research-laboratory |access-date=2023-12-20 |website=www.cnrs.fr |language=en}}</ref>
==History== The original concept of the French UMR dates back to 1966, when the CNRS created the ''laboratoires associés'' (associated laboratories), overseen by then-director of CNRS Pierre Jacquinot.<ref>{{cite web |title=Science, interdisciplinarité et valorisation |url=https://histoire.cnrs.fr/science-interdisciplinarite-et-valorisation |website=cnrs.fr |access-date=14 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190304092735/https://histoire.cnrs.fr/science-interdisciplinarite-et-valorisation |archive-date=4 March 2019 |language=fr}}</ref>
In 2021, various changes were implemented to simplify the organization of UMRs.<ref name=simplify>{{cite web | title=Le CNRS simplifie ses structures de recherche | website=CNRS | date=1 December 2020 | url=https://www.cnrs.fr/fr/cnrsinfo/le-cnrs-simplifie-ses-structures-de-recherche | language=fr | access-date=14 March 2024}}</ref>
===Other structures=== Prior to the 2021 simplifications, other structures included<ref name=simplify/> * ''Unité propre de recherche'' (UPR) * ''Unité mixte internationale'' (UMI) * ...
==See also== * {{ill|List of unités mixtes de recherche|fr|Liste des unités mixtes de recherche du CNRS}}
==References== {{reflist}}
==External links== * [https://annuaire.cnrs.fr Search engine for CNRS laboratories] <!-- * [https://web-ast.dsi.cnrs.fr/l3c/owa/structure.frame_recherche Search engine for CNRS laboratories and staff] -->
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Category:Research institutes in France Category:French UMR
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