{{Short description|Violinist and music teacher (1865–1926)}} thumb|upright|Franz Kneisel in 1902 or 1903 '''Franz Kneisel''' (January 26, 1865, Bucharest – March 26, 1926, New York) was a violinist, conductor, and music teacher.

He completed early musical training at the Bucharest Conservatory and moved to Vienna in 1879, where he studied at the Vienna Conservatory under Jakob Grün and became friends with Brahms.<ref name="nytimes">{{Cite news |date=1964-08-09 |title=LASTING TRADITION; Kneisel Players Aided Chamber Music Cause |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1964/08/09/archives/lasting-tradition-kneisel-players-aided-chamber-music-cause.html |access-date=2023-05-16 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref>

At 18 he was concertmaster of the Hofburg Theater in Vienna. At age 19 he took the post of concertmaster for the Bilse Orchestra in Berlin, succeeding Ysaye. Wilhelm Gericke, conductor of the relatively newly established Boston Symphony Orchestra (then only four years old), heard him during a talent acquisition trip to Europe and hired him on the spot for the same post in Boston. He replaced Bernhard Listemann in a highly controversial post. Kneisel's first performance was October 17, 1885. Two weeks later he performed as soloist in the Beethoven Violin Concerto. In 1906, when Henry Lee Higginson was searching for a new conductor for the BSO to replace Wilhelm Gericke, Kneisel advocated for Mahler.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Horowitz |first=Joseph |date=2000-10-08 |title=Finding a New Music Director the Old-Fashioned Way |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2000/10/08/arts/finding-a-new-music-director-the-old-fashioned-way.html |access-date=2023-05-15 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref>

Upon arrival in Boston, with other members of the BSO, he also founded the influential Kneisel Quartet, the first professional string quartet in America.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Deitz |first=Paula |date=1998-08-18 |title=Arts in America; Toting Chamber Music to Some Unexpected Chambers |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1998/08/18/arts/arts-in-america-toting-chamber-music-to-some-unexpected-chambers.html |access-date=2023-05-15 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> They operated from 1885 until disbanding in 1917.

Kneisel and his quartet left the Boston Symphony Orchestra in 1903 to focus on the quartet and on teaching. They settled in 1905 at New York's Institute for Musical Art (the forerunner of the Juilliard School).

Kneisel was also an accomplished conductor. He turned down positions to conduct the Philadelphia Orchestra and the New York Philharmonic. He was one of the founders of New York's Bohemian music club.<ref name="nytimes"/>

His students included Joseph Fuchs,<ref>{{Cite news |date=1997-03-17 |title=Joseph Fuchs, 97, a Violinist and Teacher |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1997/03/17/arts/joseph-fuchs-97-a-violinist-and-teacher.html |access-date=2023-05-15 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> Lillian Fuchs,<ref>{{Cite news |last=Oestreich |first=James R. |date=1995-10-07 |title=Lillian Fuchs, 91, Violist and Teacher From Family of Musicians |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1995/10/07/obituaries/lillian-fuchs-91-violist-and-teacher-from-family-of-musicians.html |access-date=2023-05-15 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> Michel Gusikoff,<ref>{{Cite news |date=1978-07-11 |title=Michel Gusikoff, 85, a Violinist, Composer and a Concert Master |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1978/07/11/archives/michel-gusikoff-85-a-violinist-composer-and-a-concert-master.html |access-date=2023-05-15 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> William Kroll, Elise Fellows White,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Elise Fellows White: Music, Writing, and Family |url=https://www.mainememory.net/sitebuilder/site/2452/page/3936/display?use_mmn=1 |access-date=2022-12-27 |website=Maine Memory Network |language=en}}</ref> George Rabin,<ref>{{Cite news |last=Freeman |first=William M. |date=1972-01-20 |title=Michael Rabin, Violinist, Dead; Made Carnegie Hall Debut at 13 |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1972/01/20/archives/michael-rabin-violinist-dead-made-carnegie-hall-debut-at-13.html |access-date=2023-05-15 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> Jacques Gordon, Eudice Shapiro, and three of the founding members of the Musical Art Quartet: Sascha Jacobsen, Bernard Ocko, and Louis Kaufman.<ref>{{Cite magazine |date=1927-01-10 |title=Music: From Cremona |language=en-US |magazine=Time |url=https://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,881601,00.html |access-date=2023-01-11 |issn=0040-781X}}</ref>

Kneisel owned a summer home in Blue Hill, Maine, where he regularly invited his students, and where many important musicians also vacationed, including Stokowski, Hofmann, Gabrilowitsch, and Kreisler.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Schonberg |first=Harold C. |date=1976-09-12 |title=MUSIC VIEW |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1976/09/12/archives/music-view-the-father-of-the-american-string-quartets.html |access-date=2023-05-15 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> These annual summer gatherings eventually became the long-running chamber music festival Kneisel Hall.

Two of his children were accomplished violinists. His son Frank Kneisel taught at Boston Conservatory, was concertmaster of the Kansas City Symphony, conducted the Kneisel String Orchestra in New York and performed in Blue Hill. His daughter Marianne Kneisel ran the Blue Hill school for 40 years after his death.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Ericson |first=Raymond |date=1972-05-28 |title=His First Love: Theater |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1972/05/28/archives/his-first-love-theater-carlisle-floyd.html |access-date=2023-05-15 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> His daughter Victoria, a pianist, married his quartet cellist Willem Willeke.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1911-05-30 |title=MISS KNEISEL A BRIDE.; Franz Kneisel's Daughter is Married to Willem Willeke, 'Cellist. |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1911/05/30/archives/miss-kneisel-a-bride-franz-kneisels-daughter-is-married-to-willem.html |access-date=2023-05-16 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref>

Kneisel died in New York in 1926. Funeral services were held in New York and in Boston. He was buried in Boston's Forest Hill Cemetery, where honorary pallbearers included colleagues Joseph Adamowsky, George W. Chadwick, Frederick P. Cabot, and Charles A. Ellis.<ref>{{Cite news |title=FRANZ KNEISEL BURIED.; Second Funeral Service Held in the Chapel of a Boston Cemetery. |language=en |work=The New York Times |url=http://timesmachine.nytimes.comhttp//arch-timesmachine-fe-prd-40741-2-575473780.us-east-1.elb.amazonaws.com/timesmachine/1926/03/31/100060569.html?pageNumber=23 |access-date=2023-05-16}}</ref> A bust of Kneisel by Henry H. Kitson was installed at Juilliard in 1936, the result of a memorial committee established by Frank Damrosch, Rubin Goldmark, Walter Naumburg, and Edwin Rice.<ref>{{Cite news |title=To Unveil Bust of Kneisel. |language=en |work=The New York Times |url=http://timesmachine.nytimes.comhttp//arch-timesmachine-fe-prd-40741-2-575473780.us-east-1.elb.amazonaws.com/timesmachine/1936/01/19/85208129.html?pageNumber=95 |access-date=2023-05-16}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=ACTIVITIES OF MUSICIANS HERE AND AFIELD; Summer Outlook at Stadium -- Memorial for Late Franz Kneisel -- Other Items |language=en |work=The New York Times |url=http://timesmachine.nytimes.comhttp//arch-timesmachine-fe-prd-40741-2-575473780.us-east-1.elb.amazonaws.com/timesmachine/1935/03/24/93682835.html?pageNumber=156 |access-date=2023-05-16}}</ref>

Kneisel composed one ''Grande Etude de Concert'', a moto perpetuo for violin and piano dedicated to Lillian Bliss,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Grande étude de concert (Kneisel, Franz) - IMSLP: Free Sheet Music PDF Download |url=https://imslp.org/wiki/Grande_%C3%A9tude_de_concert_(Kneisel,_Franz) |access-date=2023-05-16 |website=imslp.org}}</ref> and a cadenza to Brahms' concerto.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Brahms Violin Concerto (with 16 cadenzas) |url=https://www.gramophone.co.uk/reviews/review?slug=brahms-violin-concerto-with-16-cadenzas |access-date=2023-05-16 |website=Gramophone |language=en}}</ref> He edited a handful of violin works, and several composers dedicated their quartets and violin pieces to him, including Americans Foote, Chadwick, and Loeffler, and Europeans Ornstein and Enescu.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Category:Kneisel, Franz - IMSLP: Free Sheet Music PDF Download |url=https://imslp.org/wiki/Category:Kneisel,_Franz |access-date=2023-05-16 |website=imslp.org}}</ref>

==References== {{Reflist}} *Nicholas Slonimsky, "Franz Kneisel". ''Baker's Biographical Dictionary of Musicians'' ([https://www.encyclopedia.com/arts/dictionaries-thesauruses-pictures-and-press-releases/kneisel-franz mirror at Encyclopedia.com]).

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{{DEFAULTSORT:Kneisel, Franz}} Category:Austrian classical violinists Category:Hungarian classical violinists Category:Musicians from Bucharest Category:Austrian male conductors (music) Category:Hungarian male conductors (music) Category:1865 births Category:1926 deaths Category:Musicians from the German Empire Category:People from the United Principalities of Moldavia and Wallachia Category:Musicians from Austria-Hungary Category:Emigrants from Austria-Hungary to the United States Category:Conductors of the Boston Pops