{{Short description|Mexican Roman Catholic cardinal (born 1949)}} {{family name hatnote|Robles|Ortega|lang=Spanish}} {{EngvarB|date=June 2022}} {{Use dmy dates|date=June 2022}} {{Infobox Christian leader | type = Cardinal | honorific-prefix = [[His Eminence]] | name = José Francisco Robles Ortega | honorific-suffix = | title = [[Cardinal (Catholic Church)|Cardinal]], [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Guadalajara|Archbishop of Guadalajara]] | image = D. Francisco Robles Ortega (cropped).jpg | caption = | province = Guadalajara | diocese = | see = [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Guadalajara|Guadalajara]] | appointed = 7 December 2011 | enthroned = 7 February 2012 | ended = | predecessor = [[Juan Sandoval Íñiguez]] | successor = | ordination = 20 July 1976 | ordained_by = [[José Maclovio Vásquez Silos]] | consecration = 5 June 1991 | consecrated_by = [[Alfredo Torres Romero]] | cardinal = 24 November 2007 | created_cardinal_by = [[Pope Benedict XVI]] | rank = Cardinal-Priest | other_post = Cardinal-Priest of [[Santa Maria della Presentazione, Rome|Santa Maria della Presentazione]] | previous_post = {{unbulleted list|[[Roman Catholic Diocese of Toluca|Auxiliary Bishop of Toluca]] (1991–1996)|Titular Bishop of Bossa (1991–1996)|Bishop of Toluca (1996–2003)|[[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Monterrey|Archbishop of Monterrey]] (2003–2011)}} | birth_name = José Francisco Robles Ortega | birth_date = {{birth date and age|1949|3|2|df=yes}} | birth_place = [[Mascota]], Mexico | death_date = | death_place = | buried = | religion = Roman Catholic | residence = | parents = | spouse = | children = | occupation = | motto = ''In simplicitate fidei'' (in the simplicity of faith) | profession = | alma_mater = | signature = | coat_of_arms = Coat of arms of Jose Francisco Robles Ortega.svg }} '''Francisco Robles Ortega''' ({{IPA|es|fɾanˈsisko ˈro.βles oɾˈteɣa}}; born 2 March 1949) is a Mexican prelate of the [[Catholic Church]] who has been [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Guadalajara|Archbishop of Guadalajara]] since 2012 and a [[Cardinal (Catholic Church)|cardinal]] since 2007. He was [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Monterrey|archbishop of Monterrey]] from 2003 to 2011. He was president of the [[Mexican Episcopal Conference]] from 2012 to 2018.
==Biography== ===Early life=== Francisco Robles Ortega was born in [[Mascota]] on 2 March 1949, the third of sixteen children born to Francisco Robles Arreola (b. 1917) and Teresa Ortega de Robles (b. 1927). He studied [[humanities]] at the [[minor seminary]] in [[Autlán, Jalisco|Autlán]], philosophy at the seminary in [[Guadalajara, Jalisco|Guadalajara]], and theology at the seminary in [[Zamora, Spain|Zamora]]. Robles was [[Holy orders|ordained]] to the priesthood by Bishop José Vásquez Silos on 20 July 1976.<ref name=archbio>{{cite web| access-date = 4 February 2025 | website = Archdiocese of Guadalajara | url = https://www.arquidiocesisgdl.org/arzobispo.php | language =es | title = Biografía del Emmo. Sr. Cardenal D. José Francisco Robles Ortega }}</ref>
He studied at the [[Pontifical Gregorian University]] in Rome from 1976 to 1979, obtaining his [[Licentiate of Sacred Theology|licentiate in theology]]. Upon his return to Autlán, he held appointments as parish vicar, prefect of studies and spiritual director at the minor seminary, and chaplain of nuns. In 1980 he became rector of the seminary. He also served as diocesan consultor and president of the priests council and a member of the Commission for the Formation of the Clergy and of the Diocesan Commission for the Doctrine of the Faith. In 1985 he was appointed vicar general of the diocese and then became assistant to the commission for economic affairs of the diocese and taught at the seminary.<ref name=vatbio/> He was named apostolic administrator of Autlán following the death of Bishop Vásquez Silos in July 1990.{{cn|date=February 2025}}
===Bishop=== On 30 April 1991, Robles was appointed [[auxiliary bishop]] of [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Toluca|Toluca]] and [[Titular bishop|Titular Bishop]] of Bossa by [[Pope John Paul II]]. He received his [[Bishop (Catholicism)|episcopal consecration]] on the following 5 June<ref name=vatbio1/> from Bishop Alfredo Torres Romero, with Bishops José Hernández González and [[Javier Lozano Barragán]] serving as [[Consecrator|co-consecrators]], in the Cathedral of Toluca.
Robles was named diocesan administrator of Toluca following the death of Bishop Torres Romero on 15 October 1995. He was appointed bishop of Toluca on 15 June 1996<ref>{{cite book | page = 673 |access-date = 4 February 2025|url = https://www.vatican.va/archive/aas/documents/AAS-88-1996-ocr.pdf | date = 1996 | volume = LXXXVIII | title = Acta Apostolicae Sedis }}</ref> and was installed on 15 July of that same year.{{cn|date=February 2025}} On 25 January 2003, he was promoted to [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Monterrey|Archbishop of Monterrey]].<ref name=vatbio>{{cite press release | url = https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/it/bollettino/pubblico/2003/01/25/0040/00117.html | publisher = Holy See Press Office | access-date = 4 February 2025 | date = 25 January 2003 | language=it | title = Rinunce e Nomine, 25.01.2003}}</ref>
===Cardinal=== {{Infobox cardinal styles| cardinal name=Francisco Robles Ortega| dipstyle=His Eminence| offstyle=Your Eminence| See=[[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Guadalajara|Guadalajara]]| image=Coat of arms of Jose Francisco Robles Ortega.svg| image_size=200px|}} [[Pope Benedict XVI]] created him [[cardinal-priest]] of [[Santa Maria della Presentazione, Rome|Santa Maria della Presentazione]] in the [[Papal consistory|consistory]] of 24 November 2007.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.vatican.va/news_services/liturgy/2007/documents/ns_lit_doc_20071124_titoli_en.html |title=Titular Churches of the new Cardinals of the Roman Catholic Church |date=24 November 2007 |website=[[Holy See|The Holy See]] |publisher=[[Office for the Liturgical Celebrations of the Supreme Pontiff|Office of Papal Liturgical Celebrations]] |access-date=4 February 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160728233733/https://www.vatican.va/news_services/liturgy/2007/documents/ns_lit_doc_20071124_titoli_en.html |archive-date=28 July 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref>
On 5 January 2011 he was appointed among the first members of the newly created [[Pontifical Council for the Promotion of the New Evangelisation]].<ref>{{cite press release | url = https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/it/bollettino/pubblico/2011/01/05/0007/00018.html | publisher = Holy See Press Office | access-date = 4 February 2025 | date = 5 January 2011 | language=it | title = Rinunce e Nomine, 05.01.2011}}</ref>
On 7 December 2011 Robles was appointed the Archbishop of Guadalajara.<ref name=vatbio1>{{cite press release | url = https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/it/bollettino/pubblico/2011/12/07/0729/01748.html | publisher = Holy See Press Office | access-date = 4 February 2025 | date = 7 December 2011 | language=it | title = Rinunce e Nomine, 07.12.2011}}</ref>
On 24 November 2012 he was appointed a member of the [[Pontifical Council for Social Communications]].<ref>{{cite press release | url = https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/it/bollettino/pubblico/2012/11/24/0684/01563.html| publisher = Holy See Press Office | access-date = 4 February 2025 | date = 24 November 2012 | language=it | title = Rinunce e Nomine, 24.11.2012}}</ref>
He was elected to a three-year term as president of the Mexican Episcopal Conference in 2012 and then elected to a second term, ending his service in 2018.<ref name=archbio/>
He was one of the [[Cardinal electors in the 2013 papal conclave|cardinal electors]] who participated in the [[Papal conclave, 2013|2013 papal conclave]] that elected [[Pope Francis]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/it/bollettino/pubblico/2013/03/12/0146/00364.html |title=Elenco dei Cardinali che entrano in Conclave secondo il loro rispettivo ordine e precedenza (Vescovi, Presbiteri, Diaconi) |date=12 March 2013 |publisher=[[Holy See Press Office]] |language=it |trans-title=List of Cardinals entering into Conclave according to their respective order of precedence (Bishops, Priests, Deacons) |access-date=4 February 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140503185432/https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/it/bollettino/pubblico/2013/03/12/0146/00364.html |archive-date=3 May 2014 |url-status=live}}</ref>
He was appointed a member of the [[Congregation for Bishops]] on 16 December 2013.<ref>{{cite press release | url = https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/it/bollettino/pubblico/2013/12/16/0845/01901.html| publisher = Holy See Press Office | access-date = 4 February 2025 | date = 16 November 2013 | language=it | title = Rinunce e Nomine, 16.11.2013}}</ref>
He was once again a [[Cardinal electors in the 2025 papal conclave|cardinal elector]] in the [[2025 papal conclave]] that elected [[Pope Leo XIV]].<ref>{{cite web| url=https://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/bishop/scardc3.html| title=Cardinal Electors|date=6 May 2025|publisher=Catholic-Hierarchy.org|language=en|access-date=6 May 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250506193115/https://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/bishop/scardc3.html|archive-date=6 May 2025|url-status=live}}</ref>
==Views== ===Drug politics=== The archbishop has called on the country's political parties and organizations to take action to avoid infiltration in their ranks by drug traders.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.cardinalrating.com/cardinal_232__article_7651.htm |title=Archbishop of Monterrey calls on political parties to watch out for 'drug politics' |access-date=26 September 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101121141838/http://cardinalrating.com/cardinal_232__article_7651.htm |archive-date=21 November 2010 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
===Secularism in education=== Robles said "we are against the change proposed by the decree to reform Article 3" of the Constitution because it seeks to encourage secularism in private educational institutions, eliminating the subject of religion, which trains young people in moral values.<ref>[https://translate.google.com/translate?u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cardinalrating.com%2Fcardinal_232__article_6962.htm&langpair=es|en&hl=en&prev=%2Flanguage_tools Cardinal Robles opposes secularism in Mexican education]</ref>
===Poverty and humility=== In naming archbishop Francisco Robles of Monterrey as one of 23 new Roman Catholic cardinals, analysts say the Vatican chose a clergyman who advocates for the poor and beseeches the faithful to embrace humility.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.cardinalrating.com/cardinal_232__article_6174.htm |title=Mexico's newest cardinal champions the poor, preaches humility |access-date=26 September 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081013120319/http://www.cardinalrating.com/cardinal_232__article_6174.htm |archive-date=13 October 2008 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
===Family policy=== Robles has said that the family is "an institution that is natural, that is the basis of society", and he warned those who oppose a new law that would protect it not to attempt to "supplant such an important institution as the family."<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.cardinalrating.com/cardinal_232__article_6454.htm |title=Family is natural institution and basis of society |access-date=26 September 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080907172004/http://www.cardinalrating.com/cardinal_232__article_6454.htm |archive-date=7 September 2008 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
==References== {{reflist}}
==External links== {{wikiquote}} {{commons category}} * {{cite web| access-date = 3 December 2017| title= Robles Ortega Card. Francisco |publisher= [[Holy See Press Office]] | url= https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_robles-ortega_f.html | url-status=live | archive-date= 4 September 2017 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170904070544/http://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_robles-ortega_f.html }} *[https://cardinals.fiu.edu/bios2007.htm#Robles Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church] *<small>{{cite web|last=Cheney |first=David M.|title=Archdiocese of Guadalajara|website=[[Catholic-Hierarchy.org]]|url=http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/diocese/dguad.html}} (for Chronology of Bishops)[[Wikipedia:Verifiability#Self-published sources|{{sup|''self-published''}}]]</small> *<small>{{cite web|last=Chow |first=Gabriel|title=Metropolitan Archdiocese of Guadalajara |website=GCatholic.org|url=http://www.gcatholic.org/dioceses/diocese/guad0.htm }} (for Chronology of Bishops)[[Wikipedia:Verifiability#Self-published sources|{{sup|''self-published''}}]]</small>
{{s-start}} {{s-rel|ca}} {{s-break}} {{s-non|reason=Titular see established}} {{s-tul|title=[[Catholic Church in Tunisia|Titular Bishop of Bossa]]|years=30 April 1991 – 15 June 1996}} {{s-aft|after=[[John Tong Hon]]}} {{s-break}} {{s-bef|before=Alfredo Torres Romero}} {{s-ttl|title=[[Roman Catholic Diocese of Toluca|Bishop of Toluca]]|years=15 June 1996 – 25 January 2003}} {{s-aft|after=Francisco Chavolla Ramos}} {{s-break}} {{s-bef|before=[[Adolfo Suárez Rivera]]}} {{s-ttl|title=[[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Monterrey|Archbishop of Monterrey]]|years=25 January 2003 – 7 December 2011}} {{s-aft|after=[[Rogelio Cabrera López]]}} {{s-break}} {{s-non|reason=Titular church established}} {{s-ttl|title=[[Santa Maria della Presentazione, Rome|Cardinal-Priest of Santa Maria della Presentazione]]|years=24 November 2007 –}} {{s-inc|rows=2}} {{s-break}} {{s-bef|before=[[Juan Sandoval Íñiguez]]}} {{s-ttl|title=[[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Guadalajara|Archbishop of Guadalajara]]|years=7 December 2011 –}} {{s-break}} {{s-bef|before=[[Carlos Aguiar Retes]]}} {{s-ttl|title=[[Mexican Episcopal Conference|President of the Mexican Episcopal Conference]]|years=24 November 2012 – 13 November 2018}} {{s-aft|after=[[Rogelio Cabrera López]]}} {{s-end}}
{{Cardinals created by Benedict XVI}} {{Cardinals of the Catholic Church|state=collapsed}}
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Robles Ortega, Francisco}} [[Category:1949 births]] [[Category:Living people]] [[Category:People from Jalisco]] [[Category:Mexican cardinals]] [[Category:20th-century Roman Catholic bishops in Mexico]] [[Category:21st-century Roman Catholic archbishops in Mexico]] [[Category:Pontifical Gregorian University alumni]] [[Category:Cardinals created by Pope Benedict XVI]] [[Category:Members of the Pontifical Council for the Promotion of the New Evangelisation]] [[Category:Members of the Pontifical Council for Social Communications]] [[Category:Members of the Congregation for Bishops]] [[Category:Roman Catholic archbishops of Guadalajara]]