{{Short description|Italian painter, goldsmith, and medallist}} [[File:Ritratto di Francesco Francia.jpg|thumb|Francesco Francia]] [[File:Grossone Bentivoglio.jpg|thumb|''Bentivolio coin'' by Francesco Francia]]
'''Francesco Francia''', whose real name was '''Francesco Raibolini''' (1447 – 5 January 1517), was an Italian painter, [[goldsmith]], and [[medallist]] from [[Bologna]], who was also director of the city mint.<ref name="Levinson:492">Levinson:492</ref><ref name=Jameson>{{cite journal|author=Mrs Jameson|title=Lives of the Early Painters: Francesco Raibolini, Called Il Francia|journal=The American Art Journal|date=December 29, 1866|volume=6|issue=10|pages=152–153|jstor=25306713}}</ref>
==Biography== He may have trained with [[Marco Zoppo]] and was first mentioned as a painter in 1486. His earliest known work is the ''Felicini Madonna'', which is signed and dated 1494. He worked in partnership with [[Lorenzo Costa]], and was influenced by [[Ercole de' Roberti]]'s and Costa's style. After 1505 he was influenced more by [[Perugino]] and [[Raphael]]. He had a large workshop and trained [[Marcantonio Raimondi]], [[Ludovico Marmitta]],<ref>[https://archive.org/details/dizionariobiogr02janegoog Dizionario biografico dei Parmigiani illustri o benemeriti nelle scienze, nelle lettere, e nelle arti], by Giovanni Battista Janelli, Genoa, 1877, page 241.</ref> and several other artists; he produced [[niello]]s, in which Raimondi first learnt to engrave, soon excelling his master, according to [[Vasari]]. Raphael's ''Santa Cecilia'' is supposed to have produced such a feeling of inferiority in Francia that it caused him to die of depression. However, as his friendship with Raphael is now well-known, this story has been discredited.
He died in Bologna. His sons [[Giacomo Francia]] and [[Giulio Francia]] were also artists.
== Works (selection of paintings) == === Until 1500 === * ''Crucifixion with St. John and St. Jerome'', c. 1485, 52 cm x 33 cm, oil on wood, [[Palazzo d'Accursio]], Bologna * ''The Holy Family'', c. 1485, 54 cm x 40 cm, oil on wood, [[Gemäldegalerie (Berlin)|Gemäldegalerie]], Berlin * ''The Virgin and Child with an Angel'', c. 1490, 58 cm x 44 cm, oil on wood, [[Carnegie Museum of Art]], [[Pittsburgh]] * ''Bartolomeo Bianchini'',<ref>{{Cite web |title=Francesco Francia {{!}} Bartolomeo Bianchini {{!}} NG2487 {{!}} National Gallery, London |url=https://www.nationalgallery.org.uk/paintings/francesco-francia-bartolomeo-bianchini |access-date=2024-09-12 |website=www.nationalgallery.org.uk}}</ref> c. 1485–1500, 57 cm x 41 cm, oil on wood, [[National Gallery]], London * ''Baptism of Jesus'', c. 1490, 29 cm x 55 cm, oil on wood, [[Calouste Gulbenkian Museum]], Lisbon * ''Madonna and Child with two Angels'', c. 1495, 64 cm x 49 cm, oil on wood, [[Alte Pinakothek]], Munich * ''Pala Calcina'', 1500, 193 cm x 151 cm, tempera and oil on canvas (formerly wood), [[Hermitage Museum]], Saint Petersburg <gallery mode="packed" heights="180"> File:Francesco Francia - Crucifixion with Sts John and Jerome - WGA08167.jpg|{{center|''Crucifixion''<br />c. 1485, Bologna}} File:1487 Francia Die Heilige Familie Gemäldegalerie Inv. 125 anagoria.jpg|{{center|''The Holy Family''<br />c. 1485, Berlin}} File:Madonna and Child with Angel, by Francesco Francia.jpg|{{center|''Madonna with Angel''<br />1495-1500, Pittsburg}} File:Francesco Francia 005.jpg|{{center|''Bartolomeo Biachini''<br />1485-1500, London}} File:Francesco Francia (Raibolini) - Maria mit dem Kinde und zwei Engeln - 1052 - Bavarian State Painting Collections.jpg|{{center|''Madonna with Angels''<br />c. 1495, Munich}} </gallery>
=== Years 1500-10 === * ''Madonna and Child'', c. 1500, 67 cm x 52 cm, oil on wood, [[Wallington Hall]], [[National Trust]], Northumberland * ''Madonna and Child with Saints Francis and Jerome'',<ref>[http://www.metmuseum.org/collection/the-collection-online/search/436335 Francia, Madonna and Child, 1500, Metropolitan]</ref> 1500–10, 75 cm x 57 cm, tempera on wood, [[Metropolitan Museum of Art]], New York * ''The Annunciation with St. Albert the Carmelite'', c. 1503–04, 182 cm x 132 cm, oil on canvas (formerly wood), [[Musée Condé]], Chantilly * ''Adoration of the Child'', 1500–05, 175 cm x 132 cm, oil on wood, [[Alte Pinakothek]], Munich * ''Evangelista Scappi'', 1500–05, 55 cm x 44 cm, oil on wood, [[Uffizi]], Florence * ''Bishop Altobello Averoldo'',<ref>{{Citation |last=Francia |first=Francesco |title=Bishop Altobello Averoldo |date=c. 1505 |url=https://www.nga.gov/collection/art-object-page.41679.html |access-date=2024-09-12}}</ref> c. 1505, 54 cm x 41 cm, oil on wood, [[National Gallery of Art]], Washington * ''Crucifixion'', c. 1505, 246 cm x 146 cm, oil on wood, [[San Giacomo Maggiore, Bologna]] * ''The life of Saint Cecilia and her husband Valerian'' - scene 1 (''The Marriage'') & 10 (''The Burial''), 1504–1506, 360 cm x 290 cm, frescoes, [[Oratorio di Santa Cecilia, Bologna]] * ''Venus and Cupid'', 1505–10, 80 cm x 49 cm, oil on wood, [[Musée des Beaux-Arts de Mulhouse]] * ''Baptism of Jesus'', 1509, 209 cm x 169 cm, oil on wood, [[Gemäldegalerie Alte Meister]], Dresden <gallery mode="packed" heights="180"> File:Francesco Francia (c.1450-1517) - Madonna and Child - 584341 - National Trust.jpg|{{center|''Madonna''<br />c. 1500, Northumberland}} File:Francesco francia, adorazione del bambino.JPG|{{center|''Adoration of Child''<br />1500-05, Munich}} File:Francia - Evangelista Scappi 1500-05 - Uffizi.jpg|{{center|''Evangelista Scappi''<br />1500-05, Florence}} Bishop Altobello Averoldo A24770.jpg|{{center|''Altobello Averoldo''<br />c. 1505, Washington}} File:Francesco Francia - Legend of Sts Cecilia and Valerian, Scene 1 - WGA08179.jpg|{{center|Cecilia / Le Mariage<br />1504-06, Bologna}} File:Francesco Francia, Vénus et Cupidon.jpg|{{center|''Venus and Cupid''<br />1505-10, Mulhouse}} </gallery>
=== After 1510 === * ''The Holy Family'', c. 1510, 64 cm x 49 cm, oil on wood, [[Museum of Fine Arts (Budapest)|Museum of Fine Arts]], Budapest * ''Federico Gonzaga'' (son of Isabella d'Este),<ref>{{Cite web |title=Francesco Francia {{!}} Federico Gonzaga (1500–1540) |url=https://www.metmuseum.org/collection/the-collection-online/search/436333 |access-date=2024-09-12 |website=The Metropolitan Museum of Art |language=en}}</ref> 1510, 45 cm x 34 cm, oil on wood transferred to canvas and finally again on wood, [[Metropolitan Museum of Art]], New York * ''Portrait likely Isabella d'Este'', 1511, 44 cm x 35 cm, oil on wood, Vienna * ''Pala Buonvisi'',<ref>{{Cite web |title=Francesco Francia {{!}} Saint Anne with the Virgin and Four Saints {{!}} NG179 {{!}} National Gallery, London |url=https://www.nationalgallery.org.uk/paintings/francesco-francia-saint-anne-with-the-virgin-and-four-saints |access-date=2024-09-12 |website=www.nationalgallery.org.uk}}</ref> 1510–12, 195 cm x 180 cm, oil on wood, [[National Gallery]], London * ''Presentation of Jesus in the temple'',<ref>https://w3id.org/arco/resource/HistoricOrArtisticProperty/0800024493 {{Bare URL inline|date=August 2024}}</ref> 1510–13, 201 cm x 145 cm, oil on wood, [[Pinacoteca Comunale di Cesena]], Italy * ''Virgin and the Child and the Infant St. John the Baptist'',<ref>https://masp.org.br/en/collections/works/virgin-and-the-child-and-the-infant-st-john-the-baptist (18.04.2022)</ref> 1510–15, 65 cm x 51 cm, oil on wood, [[São Paulo Museum of Art]] * ''Virgin and the Child and the Infant St. John the Baptist'' (Francesco Francia and sons),<ref>{{Cite web |title=Works {{!}} NGV {{!}} View Work |url=https://www.ngv.vic.gov.au/explore/collection/work/97141/ |access-date=2024-09-12 |website=www.ngv.vic.gov.au |language=en-AU}}</ref> c. 1515, 115 cm x 94 cm, oil on wood, [[National Gallery of Victoria]], Melbourne <gallery mode="packed" heights="180"> Federico II Gonzaga (age 10) - Francesco Francia.jpg|{{center|''Federico Gonzaga''<br />1510, New York}} Francesco Francia attributed - likely Isabella d'Este.jpg|{{center|''Likely Isabella d'Este''<br />1511, Vienna}} Francesco francia, madonna col bambino, sant'anna e altri santi, 1511-17 ca. 03.jpg|{{center|''Pala Buonvisi''<br />1510-12, London}} Cesena - Pinacoteca comunale di Cesena - Presentazione di Gesù al tempio e purificazione della Vergine (1510-13) - Francesco Francia - 2023-09-20 14-43-40 001.jpg|{{center|''Presentation of Jesus''<br />1510-13, Italy}} Francia - madona01.jpg|{{center|''Madonna''<br />1510-15, São Paulo}} FrancescoFRANCIAGiacomoFRANCIAGiulioFRANCIA-VirginandC-Fd105308.jpg|{{center|''Madonna'' (Francia & sons)<br />c. 1515, Melbourne}} </gallery>
==See also== * [[Adoration of the Shepherds (Raphael)|''Adoration of the Shepherds'' (Raphael)]]
== References == ===Citations=== {{reflist}}
===Sources=== {{refbegin}} * Giorgio Vasari: Le vite dei più eccellenti architetti, pittori et scultori italiani, Florence 1568 * George C. Williamson: ''Francesco Raibolini, called Francia'', London 1901 * Giuseppe Piazzi: Le Opere di Francesco Raibolini, detto il Francia, orefice e pittore. Azzoguidi, Bologna 1925 * Emilio Negro, Nicosetta Roio: ''Francesco Francia e la sua scuola''. Artioli Editore, Modena 1998, {{ISBN|8877920572}} * {{cite journal|last1=Hickson|first1=Sally|title='To see ourselves as others see us': Giovanni Francesco Zaninello of Ferrara and the portrait of Isabella d'Este by Francesco Francia|journal=Renaissance Studies|volume=23|issue=3|year=2009|pages=288–310|issn=0269-1213|doi=10.1111/j.1477-4658.2009.00565.x|url=https://www.academia.edu/download/48111495/j.1477-4658.2009.00565.x20160817-7953-12wu9q6.pdf}}{{dead link|date=January 2025|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}} *{{cite CE1913|wstitle=Francia|first=Louis |last=Gillet|volume=6}} {{refend}}
===Further reading=== {{refbegin}} *{{cite book |author1-link=John Pope-Hennessy|last1=Pope-Hennessy|first1=John|last2= Kanter|first2=Laurence B.| title= The Robert Lehman Collection I, Italian Paintings | location=New York, Princeton | publisher=The Metropolitan Museum of Art in association with Princeton University Press | year=1987| isbn=0870994794 | url=http://libmma.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/compoundobject/collection/p15324coll10/id/190122/rec/1}} (see index; plate 91) {{refend}}
==External links== *{{commons category-inline}} * {{Cite EB1911|wstitle= Francia | volume= 10 |last= Rossetti | first= William Michael |author-link= William Michael Rossetti | page = 932 |short= 1}} {{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Francia, Francesco}} [[Category:1450s births]] [[Category:1517 deaths]] [[Category:15th-century Italian painters]] [[Category:16th-century Italian painters]] [[Category:Painters from Bologna]] [[Category:Italian court painters]] [[Category:Italian goldsmiths]] [[Category:Italian male painters]] [[Category:Italian medallists]]