{{Short description|Architectural Design Studio}} '''Foreign Office Architects''', '''FOA''',<ref>(1993–2010){{archINFORM|arch|1250}}</ref> was an architectural design studio headed by former husband and wife team Farshid Moussavi and Alejandro Zaera-Polo. The London-based studio, which was established in 1993, specialised in architectural design, master planning and interior design services for both public and private sector clients. Following the end of the couple's marriage, the winding up of the studio's activities was announced in December 2009.<ref>[http://www.bdonline.co.uk/foreign-office-architects-to-close-as-partners-split/3154917.article ''FOA Office to Close as Partners Split'']</ref> The establishment of two new practices, FMA (Farshid Moussavi Architecture) and London/Barcelona based AZPA Limited followed in 2011.<ref>[http://www.architectsjournal.co.uk/news/daily-news/end-for-foreign-office-architects-as-founders-set-up-separately/8615677.article ''FOA Architects Set Up Separately'']</ref>
== History == The "Foreign" in the company's name referred to the principal's' heritage, with Zaera–Polo hailing from Spain and Moussavi from Iran. The company produced architectural projects in Japan, the United States, the Netherlands and Spain.<ref name="arc">{{cite web|url=http://www.arcspace.com/architects/foreign_office/yokohama/yokohama_index.htm|title=Foreign Office Architects - Yokohama International Port Terminal|publisher=arcspace.com|date=28 October 2002|accessdate=17 July 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090626205414/http://www.arcspace.com/architects/foreign_office/yokohama/yokohama_index.htm|archive-date=26 June 2009|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
FOA emerged as one of the most significant architecture and urban design practices of its time,<ref>[http://www.london2012.com/news/media-releases/2006/2006-01/top-team-chosen-to-design-olympic-park.php] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081212220558/http://www.london2012.com/news/media-releases/2006/2006-01/top-team-chosen-to-design-olympic-park.php |date=12 December 2008 }}</ref> and became known for combining technical innovation with design excellence.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.worldarchitecture.org/world-architects/?worldarchitects=officedetail&country=United%20Kingdom&no=375 |title=System Tools|publisher=Worldarchitecture.Org|date=|accessdate=17 July 2010}}</ref> FOA's designers were critically acclaimed, and won several awards. In their approach to architecture, the designers were hailed as new pragmatists,<ref>Jane Rendell. ''Art and architecture,'' p. 68</ref><ref>William S. Saunders (Ed.) ''The New Architectural Pragmatism: A Harvard Design Magazine Reader''</ref> employing technical rigor in their focus on organic growth and the evolution of design ‘species’ hybridizing uses relating to both local and global conditions.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.iconeye.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=2332:foreign-office-architects--icon-007--november-2003|title=Foreign Office Architects | icon 007 | November 2003 | ICON MAGAZINE ONLINE|publisher=Iconeye.com|date=|accessdate=17 July 2010}}</ref> Their work addressed a variety of locations and typologies.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.haveiendom.no/filestore/PDF/04_ForeignOffice.pdf |title=FOA |access-date=2009-04-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110724175952/http://www.haveiendom.no/filestore/PDF/04_ForeignOffice.pdf |archive-date=2011-07-24 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
The studio's first project, which is considered its landmark achievement, was the Yokohama Pier Port Terminal in Japan.<ref name=arc/> The Terminal has been described as a hybrid of non-Cartesian industrial infrastructure and versatile social functionality.<ref name=mus>{{cite web|url=http://www.designmuseum.org/design/foreign-office-architects|title=Foreign Office Architects/Designing Modern Britain - Design Museum : - Design/Designer Information|publisher=Design Museum|date=26 November 2006|accessdate=17 July 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100613020203/http://designmuseum.org/design/foreign-office-architects|archive-date=13 June 2010|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}</ref> The commission was awarded after an international competition held in 1995; the terminal was completed in 2002. thumb|center|570px|Yokohama Pier microstation model - isometric rendering by Guy Westbrook
==Work== '''In the UK:''' {| class="wikitable sortable" !Years of build !Year completed !Name !Type !Location !Notes |- |2003–2007 |Not completed |Trinity EC3 office complex |Office complex |London, England | |- | |2008 |John Lewis |Department store and Cineplex |Shires West Development, Leicester, England |<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://archinect.com/features/article/80430/showcase-john-lewis-department-store-and-cineplex|title=ShowCase: John Lewis Department Store and Cineplex|website=Archinect|language=en|access-date=2018-12-19}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://architizer.com/projects/john-lewis-department-store-and-cineplex/|title=John Lewis Department Store and Cineplex|website=Architizer|language=en-us|access-date=2018-12-19}}</ref> |- |2009 |Not completed |Maggie’s Centre |for cancer patients |Newcastle upon Tyne, England |This location was not completed by FOA due to budgetary issues and a change in site location.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/society/2010/may/02/maggies-cancer-caring-centres-hadid|title=Maggie's Cancer Caring Centres|last=Moore|first=Rowan|date=2010-05-01|work=The Guardian|access-date=2018-12-19|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/architecture-design-blog/2013/may/17/newcastle-maggies-centre-ted-cullinan|title=Newcastle's new Maggie's Cancer Care Centre is a model of low-key comfort|last=Wainwright|first=Oliver|date=2013-05-17|work=The Guardian|access-date=2018-12-19|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077|quote=the previous design for the site, produced by Foreign Office Architects in 2009, which was conceived as a continuous landscape rising up out of the ground in the manner of a Teletubby house. The architects withdrew when the site was changed – and it is unlikely that their undulating vision could have been built for the £1.5m construction budget of this project.}}</ref> |- | |2010 |Ravensbourne College of Design and Communication |Campus building |Greenwich Peninsula, London, England |<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://bustler.net/news/2241/ravensbourne-by-foreign-office-architects|title=Ravensbourne by Foreign Office Architects|website=Bustler|language=en|access-date=2018-12-19}}</ref> |- | | |West Quay retail centre |Mixed-use extension building |Southampton, England | |- | | |Sevenstone Quarter |Mixed-use complex |Sheffield, England | |- | | |Hadspen Garden | |Somerset, England | |- |2008 |Not completed |Euston Station |Redevelopment of a railway station |London, England |Worked with Allies and Morrison, but this location was not completed.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.architectsjournal.co.uk/news/foa-and-allies-and-morrison-to-overhaul-euston-station/1134385.article|title=FOA and Allies and Morrison to overhaul Euston station|last=Vaughan|first=Richard|website=Architects Journal|language=en|access-date=2018-12-19}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2011/sep/30/week-architecture-euston-glasgow-station|title=Constructive criticism: the week in architecture|last=Glancey|first=Jonathan|date=2011-09-30|work=The Guardian|access-date=2018-12-19|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077|quote=But don't hold your breath: big talk in 2008 of an ambitious new station masterplanned by Allies and Morrison, designed by Foreign Office Architects, developed by British Land and with the Euston Arch brought back to life, came to nothing.}}</ref> |} '''In Spain:''' (where FOA maintained a local office branch) [[File:Edificio Bambú (Madrid) 01.jpg|thumb|300px|''Bamboo Building'' (Madrid, 2007)]] *the La Rioja Technology Transfer Center, Logrono *''Bamboo Building'', a social housing in Madrid *A 50,000m2 coastal park with outdoor auditoria in Barcelona *Police headquarters in La Villajoyosa *Municipal Theatre in Torrevieja *The Institute of Legal Medicine in Madrid *The D-38 Office Complex in Barcelona *A Villa in Pedralbes, Barcelona *The Hotel Masaveu in Gijón *A Residential Tower in Durango
'''Projects in other European locations:''' *The Blue Moon Hotel in Groningen, the Netherlands *The Umraniye Retail Complex and Multiplex, in Istanbul, Turkey *The Mahler 4 office building in Amsterdam *The future Aerospace Campus in Toulouse, France
'''Projects in Asia:''' *The Spanish Pavilion at the 2005 Aichi International Expo in Japan *A headquarters building for Dulnyouk Publishers, Paju, South Korea *Two 180m high residential towers at the World Business Centre in Busan, South Korea *The KL Sentral Plot D Residential Towers in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
'''In the USA:''' *The Museum of Contemporary Art in Cleveland, Ohio, United States
FOA won several prestigious competitions and commissions, including the BBC Music Box for the firm’s White City complex in 2003. The practice played a central creative role in the Masterplanning team for the London 2012 Olympics Park, site-wide infrastructure and accompanying long-term regeneration of the Lower Lea Valley (2002–2007) and was selected as part of the United Architects team to submit a design for the World Trade Center in New York in 2002, in the aftermath of 9/11.
==Awards== {| class="wikitable sortable" !Year !Award name !To !By !For !Notes |- |2003 |Kanagawa Prize for Architecture in Japan |Foreign Office Architects | | | |- |2004 |Enric Miralles Prize for Architecture |Foreign Office Architects | |Yokohama International Passenger Terminal |<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.archdaily.com/554132/ad-classics-yokohama-international-passenger-terminal-foreign-office-architects-foa/|title=AD Classics: Yokohama International Passenger Terminal / Foreign Office Architects (FOA)|date=2018-10-17|website=ArchDaily|language=en-US|access-date=2018-12-19}}</ref> |- |2004 |RIBA International Award |Foreign Office Architects |Royal Institute of British Architects (RIBA) | | |- |2004 |Lion Award for Topography |Foreign Office Architects |9th Venice Architecture Biennale | |<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://archpaper.com/event/11th-annual-arthur-rosenblatt-memorial-lecture-farshid-moussavi-thoughts-new-architecture/|title=11th Annual Arthur Rosenblatt Memorial Lecture: Farshid Moussavi: Thoughts on New Architecture|website=Archpaper.com|language=en-US|access-date=2018-12-19}}</ref> |- |2005 |Charles Jencks Award for Architecture |Foreign Office Architects | | | |- |2005 |RIBA International Award |Foreign Office Architects |Royal Institute of British Architects (RIBA) | | |- |2006 |RIBA International Award |Foreign Office Architects |Royal Institute of British Architects (RIBA) | | |- |2008 |RIBA European Award |Foreign Office Architects |Royal Institute of British Architects (RIBA) |Carabanchel Social Housing, Madrid, Spain | |- |2008 |European Business Award for the Environment |Foreign Office Architects | | | |- |2008 |Urban Land Institute Award for Excellence |Foreign Office Architects | | | |- |2009 |RIBA National Award |Foreign Office Architects |Royal Institute of British Architects (RIBA) | | |- |2010 |Civic Trust Award |Foreign Office Architects |Civic Trust |St Malachy's Church, Belfast restoration | |- |2010 |International Council of Shopping Centres Award |Foreign Office Architects | | | |- |2011 |RIBA Award in the education and community category |Foreign Office Architects |Royal Institute of British Architects (RIBA) |Ravensbourne campus |<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://archinect.com/news/article/8981226/ravensbourne-by-foreign-office-architects|title=Ravensbourne by Foreign Office Architects|website=Archinect|language=en|access-date=2018-12-19}}</ref> |}
*Architects of the Year Award by Architectural Digest Magazine in Madrid.
==Exhibitions== *FOA Yokohama International Port Terminal, Architectural Association, London, 1–24 June 1995 *Solo exhibition at the 8th Venice Architecture Biennale in 2002 *FOA Breeding Architecture, ICA, London, 29 November 2003 – 28 February 2004<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ica.org.uk|title=Institute of Contemporary Arts|publisher=Ica.org.uk|accessdate=17 July 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071002194118/http://www.ica.org.uk/|archive-date=2 October 2007|url-status=usurped|df=dmy-all}}</ref> *FOA Designing Modern Britain, Design Museum, 2006<ref name=mus/> *FOA projects have been exhibited at the Museum of Modern Art in New York and at the Max Protetch Gallery.
==Further reading== The practice has been published in numerous monographs and catalogues globally: *Foreign Office Architects: Working, University of Michigan Press, 2005 *FOA's ark evolving container for the proliferating singularities, Korean Architecture and Culture Magazine, December 2004 *Phylogenesis: FOA’s ark, Foreign Office, A monograph by Actar, Barcelona, Spain, 2003 *Complexity and consistency, A monograph, issue 115/116, El Croquis, Madrid, Spain, 2003 *The Yokohama Project, a monograph, Actar, Barcelona, Spain, 2003 *FOA Recent Projects, Text by Jeffrey Kipnis, Ciro Najle & Alejandro Zaera Polo, published as 2G no.16, Barcelona, Spain, 2001 *Agneta Eriksson, Foreign Office Architects, Eriksson + Ronnefalk Forlag, 2001
==References== {{Reflist}}
==External links== {{Commons category}} *[http://www.e-architect.co.uk/architects/foa.htm e-architect] *[http://www.farshidmoussavi.com/ Farshid Moussavi Architecture] *[https://web.archive.org/web/20110629001444/http://azpa.com/ AZPA Limited]
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Category:Architecture firms based in London Category:British companies established in 1993 Category:British companies disestablished in 2011 Category:Design companies established in 1993 Category:Design companies disestablished in 2011