{{About|the peninsula in South Australia|the wine zone|Fleurieu zone (wine)|the wine region|Southern Fleurieu wine region}} {{Use Australian English|date=August 2019}} {{Use dmy dates|date=August 2019}} {{Infobox Australian place | type = other | name = Fleurieu Peninsula | state = sa | image = | caption = | coordinates = {{coord|35|30|00|S|138|25|48|E|display=inline,title}} }}
The '''Fleurieu Peninsula''' ({{IPAc-en|local|ˈ|f|l|ɜːr|i|oʊ}} {{respell|FLUR|ee|oh}})<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www2b.c0.abc.net.au/abcpronunciation-external/Search.aspx#?S=Fleurieu%20Peninsula|title=Fleurieu Peninsula|work=ABC Pronounce|publisher=Australian Broadcasting Corporation|date=11 December 2009|access-date=15 February 2022}}</ref> is a [[peninsula]] in the Australian state of [[South Australia]] located south of the state capital of [[Adelaide city centre|Adelaide]].
==History== Before [[British colonisation of South Australia]], the western side of the peninsula was occupied by the [[Kaurna people]], while several clans of the [[Ngarrindjeri]] lived on the eastern side.<ref name=aiatsismap>{{cite web | title=Map of Indigenous Australia | website=[[AIATSIS]]|first= David R.|last= Horton|date=1996 |author-link= David Horton (writer)| url=https://aiatsis.gov.au/explore/map-indigenous-australia | access-date=29 May 2021}}</ref> The people were sustained by the [[flora and fauna]] of the peninsula, for [[bush tucker|food]] and [[bush medicine]]. The [[bulrush]]es, [[Reed (plant)|reeds]] and [[sedge]]s were used for [[basket-weaving]] or making [[rope]], trees provided wood for [[spear]]s, and [[stone tool|stones were fashioned into tools]].<ref name=salleh2021>{{cite web | last=Salleh | first=Anna | title=Indigenous knowledge project could help save endangered Fleurieu Peninsula wetlands | website=ABC News|publisher=[[Australian Broadcasting Corporation]] | date=27 May 2021 | url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/science/2021-05-28/indigenous-knowledge-values-relearnt-from-elders-and-scientists/100152406 | access-date=29 May 2021}}</ref>
The Fleurieu Peninsula was named after [[Charles Pierre Claret de Fleurieu]], the French explorer and [[hydrographer]], by the French explorer [[Nicolas Baudin]] as he explored the south coast of Australia in 1802. The name came into official use in 1911 after Fleurieu's great-nephew, Count Alphonse de Fleurieu, visited Adelaide and met with the Council of the [[Royal Geographical Society of Australasia|Royal Geographical Society of South Australia]], which recommended to the [[Government of South Australia|state government]] that the unnamed peninsula terminating in Cape Jervis be given the name Fleurieu Peninsula "in honour of one who is worthy to be remembered in the annals of Australian geography". The government approved the name later that year.<ref>{{cite web|last=Brown|first=Anthony|title=The French Connection: a tale of discovery and loss| url=http://heritageaustralia.com.au/pdfs/Heritage1105_French%20Connection.pdf|publisher= Australian Heritage|access-date=6 January 2014|pages=35|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140304222310/http://www.heritageaustralia.com.au/pdfs/Heritage1105_French%20Connection.pdf|archive-date=4 March 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Flinders & Baudin. A French Geographer,. An interview with Count de Fleurieu|url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article59038455|publisher=The Register|access-date=6 January 2014|pages=5|date=12 May 1911}}</ref>
== Extent == [[File:Fleurieu Peninsula, South Australia – satellite map.tif|thumb|A satellite map of Fleurieu Peninsula]] The Geographical Names Advisory Committee advised in 2001 that the extent of the peninsula is:<ref>{{cite web|title=Property Location Browser Report - Placename Details: Fleurieu Peninsula, PEN|url=http://maps.sa.gov.au/plb/|publisher=The Government of South Australia|access-date=5 November 2014|archive-date=12 October 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161012010923/http://maps.sa.gov.au/plb/|url-status=dead}}</ref>{{failed verification|date=January 2021}}<blockquote>that portion of land between Gulf St. Vincent and the Southern Ocean ''(sic)'', a line from Aldinga ''(sic)'' (southern end of [[Aldinga Bay]]) to [[Middleton, South Australia|Middleton]] (eastern end) being the cut-off for the peninsula. This boundary has not to be gazetted at present, and is intended to be the extent of the geographic feature only and is not to be applied to any industry or interest group regional identification.</blockquote>
The coast of the peninsula extends about {{convert|140|km}} from [[Sellicks Beach]] in the north to [[Middleton, South Australia|Middleton]] in the south-east.<ref name=coastal>{{cite book| last1=Bourman | first1=Robert P. | last2=Murray-Wallace | first2=Colin V. | last3=Harvey | first3=Nick | title=Coastal Landscapes of South Australia|format=Ebook |isbn= 978-1-925261-21-9|chapter=3: The Fleurieu Peninsula coast|publisher= University of Adelaide Press | date=2016 | url=https://www.adelaide.edu.au/press/titles/coast-sa | access-date=29 May 2021| doi=10.20851/coast-sa |chapter-url=https://www.adelaide.edu.au/press/system/files/media/documents/2019-04/uap-coast-sa-ebook.pdf}}</ref>
== Features == Towns on the peninsula include [[Victor Harbor, South Australia|Victor Harbor]], [[Normanville, South Australia|Normanville]], [[Yankalilla, South Australia|Yankalilla]] and [[Rapid Bay, South Australia|Rapid Bay]]. Districts include [[Inman Valley, South Australia|Inman Valley]] and Hindmarsh Valley. A ferry travels between [[Cape Jervis (headland)|Cape Jervis]], at the tip of the peninsula, and [[Kangaroo Island]].<ref>{{cite web|title= Getting You to iconic Kangaroo Island|url= http://www.sealink.com.au/kangaroo-island-ferry |publisher=Sealink Travel Group |access-date=27 November 2014}}</ref> There is surfing on both the west and south facing coasts – known locally to Adelaide surfers as the Mid South Coast and the Far South Coast.{{citation needed|date=May 2015}} Surf spots of note include [[Waitpinga, South Australia|Waitpinga]] and Middleton on the Far South Coast.{{citation needed|date=May 2015}}
==Flora and fauna== In the past, there were extensive [[swamp]]s and [[woodland]]s, which provided habitat and food sources for a range of birds, fish, and other animals, included [[snake-necked turtle]]s, [[cherax|yabbies]], [[rakali]], ducks and [[black swan]]s. Flora included the native [[Orchidaceae|orchid]] ([[leek orchid]]), [[guinea flower]] and [[swamp wattle]] (Wirilda).<ref name=salleh2021/>
==Ecology and conservation== The swamps of the Fleurieu Peninsula were listed as [[critically endangered]] under the [[EPBC Act]] in 2003; however, there is no adopted or made recovery plan for this ecological community, only "Approved Conservation Advice" (2013).<ref>{{cite web | title=Swamps of the Fleurieu Peninsula | website=[[Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment]], Australian Government | url=http://www.environment.gov.au/cgi-bin/sprat/public/publicshowcommunity.pl?id=31 | access-date=29 May 2021}} [[File:CC-BY icon.svg|50px]] Text may have been copied from this source, which is available under an [https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/au/ Attribution 3.0 Australia (CC BY 3.0 AU)] licence.</ref> Less than four percent of the original swampland remain today.
A group that includes [[Aboriginal elder]]s and scientists are {{as of|2021|lc=yes}} documenting [[Aboriginal Australian|Aboriginal]] cultural knowledge for the Fleurieu Peninsula [[swamp]]s at [[Yundi, South Australia|Yundi]], which is about {{convert|40|km}} south of Adelaide. The Yundi Nature Conservancy, containing about {{convert|5|ha}} of swamp, is south-east of [[McLaren Vale]], near [[Mount Compass, South Australia|Mount Compass]]. There, Ngarrindjeri elders and scientists from various disciplines share their knowledge and plan for [[Rewilding (conservation biology)|rewilding]] some more of the peninsula. A [[seed bank]] has been created to this end.<ref name=salleh2021/>
==See also== *[[Fleurieu zone]], wine growing region *[[Fleurieu (disambiguation)]]
==References== {{Reflist|30em}}
==External links== *[http://www.fleurieupeninsula.com.au Fleurieu Peninsula Tourism Region Official tourism webpage]
{{Fleurieu Peninsula}} {{South Australia}} {{AusplacesnamedbyFrench |state=autocollapse}} {{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Fleurieu Peninsula}} [[Category:Fleurieu Peninsula| ]]