{{Short description|1954–1959 Chinese legislative session}} {{onesource|date=January 2024}} {{Infobox Central Committee outline|name=National People's Congress|native_name={{lang|zh-Hans-CN|{{nobold|第一届全国人民代表大会}}}}|image=中華人民共和國國徽.svg|image size=180px|caption=National emblem of China|number=1st|colorcode={{party color|Communist Party of China}}|body=Supreme organ of state power|election=Indirect elections|replenishment=|start=15 September 1954|end=17 April 1959<br>({{age in years and days|1954|9|15|1959|3|17|df=y}})|members=1,226 members|new_members=|old_members=|reelected_members=|standing_committee=80 (1st)|politburo=|chairman=Liu Shaoqi|vice_chairman=Soong Ching-ling, Lin Boqu, Li Jishen, Zhang Lan, Luo Ronghuan, Shen Junru, Guo Moruo, Huang Yanpei, Peng Zhen, Li Weihan, Chen Shutong, Tenzin Gyatso, Saifuddin Azizi, and Cheng Qian|announcements=|conclusions=|decisions=|instructions=|regulations=|resolutions=|others=|previous=|next=2nd|secretary_general=Peng Zhen}}{{Infobox Chinese | s = 第一届全国人民代表大会 | t = 第一屆全國人民代表大會 | p = Dìyī Jiè Quánguó Rénmín Dàibiǎo Dàhuì | altname = Abbreviation | t2 = 第一屆全國人大 | s2 = 第一届全国人大 | p2 = Dìyī Jiè Quánguó Réndà | w = }}{{Politics of the People's Republic of China}} [[File:1st National People's Congress 1.jpg|thumb|Huairen Hall, where the first session of the congress took place]] The '''1st National People's Congress''' ('''NPC''') was in session from 1954 to 1959. It held four sessions in this period. There were 1,226 deputies to the Congress. These were the first legislative elections to take place after the founding of the People's Republic of China.
== Background == In accordance with the rules set by the 1st National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, the first set of deputies to the NPC were elected in the spring and summer of 1954, the first elections under the 1953 Electoral Law which set rules for elections in the PRC, by the following:
* Provincial legislatures * Legislative councils of the directly administered cities * Regional legislature of Inner Mongolia
== Seat distribution == {| class="wikitable" ! colspan="2" |Major party !Chairman !Seats |- | style="background: {{party color|Chinese Communist Party}}" | |Chinese Communist Party |Mao Zedong |1,048 |- ! colspan="2" |Other Parties !Chairperson !Seats |- | style="background: {{party color|Chinese Peasants' and Workers' Democratic Party}}" | |Chinese Peasants' and Workers' Democratic Party |Zhang Bojun | rowspan="9" |178 |- | style="background: {{party color|Jiusan Society}}" | |Jiusan Society |Xu Deheng |- | style="background: {{party color|China Democratic League}}" | |China Democratic League |Zhang Lan<br>Shen Junru |- | style="background: {{party color|China Association for Promoting Democracy}}" | |China Association for Promoting Democracy |Ma Xulun |- | style="background: {{party color|China National Democratic Construction Association}}" | |China National Democratic Construction Association |Huang Yanpei |- | style="background: {{party color|Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang}}" | |Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang |Li Jishen |- | style="background: {{party color|Taiwan Democratic Self-Government League}}" | |Taiwan Democratic Self-Government League |Xie Xuehong |- | style="background: {{party color|China Zhi Gong Party}}" | |China Zhi Gong Party |Chen Qiyou |- | style="background: #C0C0C0" | |Independents |''N/A'' |}
== The first session == thumb|Delegates voting at the first session of the 1st NPC. The first plenary session was held in September 1954.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.people.com.cn/GB/14576/28320/35193/35195/2704841.html|title=第一届全国人民代表大会（1954年）|publisher=National People's Congress|date=12 August 2004|access-date=26 February 2018|archive-date=16 May 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130516043830/http://www.people.com.cn/GB/14576/28320/35193/35195/2704841.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> The Congress passed the 1954 Constitution of the People's Republic of China. It elected the state leaders:
*Chairman of the People's Republic of China: Mao Zedong *Vice Chairman of the People's Republic of China: Zhu De *Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress: Liu Shaoqi *Premier of the State Council: Zhou Enlai *President of the Supreme People's Court: Dong Biwu *Procurator-General of the Supreme People's Procuratorate: Zhang Dingcheng
{|class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" !colspan=4| Chairmanship Election |- ! Candidates || For || Against || Abstain |- | Mao Zedong 18px || 1210 || 0 || 0 |- !colspan=4| Vice Chairmanship Election |- ! Candidates || For || Against || Abstain |- | Zhu De 18px || 1210 || 0 || 0 |}
== References == {{Reflist}}
{{National People's Congress}}
Category:National People's Congresses Category:1954 establishments in China Category:1954 in Beijing Category:1955 in Beijing Category:1956 in Beijing Category:1957 in Beijing Category:1958 in Beijing Category:1959 in Beijing