{{Short description|Old Latin name for Finland}} [[File:Carta Marina.jpeg|thumb|''Carta marina'', a 1539 map by the historian and cartographer Olaus Magnus]] {{italic title}} '''''Finningia''''' is one of the Latin names for Finland, along with ''Fennia'', ''Finnia'' and ''Finlandia''. The name first appeared in ''Carta marina'', the Scandinavian map from 1539 created by the historian and cartographer Olaus Magnus. Olaus Magnus placed ''Finlandia vel Finningia olim regnum'' ("Finlandia or Finningia, an ancient kingdom") around Southwest Finland, suggesting an unhistorical past kingdom of Finland.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Viljamaa |first=Toivo |date=2008-10-25 |title=Porthan ja suomalaisuus |url=https://journal.fi/aur/article/view/645 |journal=AURAICA. Scripta a Societate Porthan edita |language=fi |issue=1 |page=32 |issn=1797-5913}}</ref>
In ''Naturalis Historia'' ("Natural History"), Pliny the Elder mentions the island of ''Aeningia'' (with variant spellings such as ''Einingia'' and ''Eningia'') as a "nearly equally large island" after ''Scatinavia''. Johannes Magnus, the brother of Olaus Magnus, suggested in his ''Historia de omnibus Gothorum Sueonumque regibus'' (published posthumously in 1554) that this name should be read as ''Finningia''.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Johannes Magnus |first= |date=2018 |title=Goternas och Svearnas Historia |url=https://litteraturbanken.se/f%C3%B6rfattare/JohannesMagnus/titlar/GoternasOchSvearnas/sida/II.75/faksimil |access-date=2025-02-23 |website=Litteraturbanken |page=II.75}}</ref> [[File:Jacob_Zieglers_nordenkart,_1532_eller_1536.jpg|thumb|Map of Scandinavia (1532) by Jacob Ziegler]] However, there is no agreement on what Pliny meant by ''Aeningia''. The scholar and cartographer Jacob Ziegler placed ''Finlandia'' and ''Einingia'' next to each other in Southwest Finland in his map from 1532,<ref>{{cite web |date=1998-11-04 |title=Finland as a separate peninsula with several place names |url=http://virtual.finland.fi/finfo/English/map/map4.html |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080615201610/http://virtual.finland.fi/finfo/English/map/map4.html |archivedate=2008-06-15 |accessdate=2008-11-24 |publisher=Virtual Finland}}</ref> and the French classical scholar Jean Hardouin believed that ''Aeningia'' referred to the area of modern Finland. Louis Poinsinet de Sivry and others have argued that it instead referred to the area of the present-day Baltic States.<ref>{{cite book |last=Nyström |first=Johan Fredrik |title=Geografiens och de geografiska upptäckternas historia |publisher=C. E. Fritze |year=1899 |location=Stockholm |page=[28 https://runeberg.org/geohist/0036.html] |language=Swedish |oclc=83894587}}</ref> Valentin Parisot has suggested that ''Aeningia'' might refer to the island of Zealand, where there is a village by the name ''Hejninge''.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Pliny |first=the Elder |url=https://archive.org/details/histoirenaturell03plin/histoirenaturell03plin/page/316/mode/2up?q=Scandinavia |title=Histoire naturelle de Pline |last2=Grandsagne |first2=Ajasson de |date=1833 |publisher=Paris : C. L. F. Panckoucke |others=University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |author=Pliny the Elder |others=John Bostock, Henry Thomas Riley (translators and editors); Gregory R. Crane (Chief editor) |title=''The Natural History'' |year=1855 |publisher=Taylor and Francis; Tufts University: Perseus Digital Library |url=http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:latinLit:phi0978.phi001.perseus-eng1:4.27 |access-date=23 February 2025|location=Plin. Nat. 4.27}}</ref>
==References== {{Reflist|2}}{{Finland-geo-stub}}{{Finland-hist-stub}} Category:Baltic Sea Category:Historical geography of Finland Category:Latin words and phrases