Ferrari 312T

{{Short description|1975-1980 Formula One racing car by Ferrari}} {{use dmy dates|date=June 2015}}

{{Racing car | Image = LaudaNiki19760731Ferrari312T2.jpg | Caption = [[Niki Lauda]] in a 312 T2 | Car_name = Ferrari 312T Ferrari 312T2 Ferrari 312T2B Ferrari 312T3 Ferrari 312T4 Ferrari 312T5 | Category = [[Formula One]] | WC_results_only = Y | Constructor = [[Scuderia Ferrari]] | Designer = [[Mauro Forghieri]] | Predecessor = [[Ferrari 312B|312B3]] | Successor = [[Ferrari 126 C|126C]] | Team = [[Scuderia Ferrari]] | Drivers = {{flagicon|AUT}} [[Niki Lauda]] {{flagicon|SWI}} [[Clay Regazzoni]] {{flagicon|ARG}} [[Carlos Reutemann]] {{flagicon|RSA|1928}} [[Jody Scheckter]] {{flagicon|CAN}} [[Gilles Villeneuve]] | Technical ref = {{citation needed|date=February 2020}} | Chassis = Steel tube frame with aluminium shear panels | Front suspension = [[Double wishbone suspension|Double wishbone]], inboard [[Spring (device)|spring]]/[[shock absorber|damper]] | Rear suspension = [[Double wishbone suspension]] | Engine name = Ferrari [[Ferrari flat-12 engine#Tipo 015|Tipo 015]], | Capacity = {{convert|2992|cc|cuin|1|abbr=on}}, | Configuration = [[Flat 12 engine|flat 12]], | Turbo/NA = [[naturally aspirated]], | Engine position = [[mid-engine]], [[longitudinal engine|longitudinally-mounted]] | Power = {{convert|500-515|hp|kW|1|abbr=on}} @ 12,500 rpm<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.statsf1.com/en/moteur-ferrari.aspx|title = Engine Ferrari • STATS F1}}</ref> {{convert|236|lbft|Nm|1|abbr=on}} | Gearbox name = Ferrari Type 015 | Gears = 5-speed transverse gearbox | Type = [[Manual transmission|manual]] | Differential = | Fuel = [[Agip]] | Tyres = 1975-77: [[Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company|Goodyear]] 1978-80: [[Michelin]] | Debut = [[1975 South African Grand Prix]] (312T) [[1976 Spanish Grand Prix]] (312T2) [[1978 South African Grand Prix]] (312T3) [[1979 South African Grand Prix]] (312T4) [[1980 Argentine Grand Prix]] (312T5) | Races = 89 | Wins = 27 | Cons_champ = '''4''' ([[1975 Formula One season|1975]], [[1976 Formula One season|1976]], [[1977 Formula One season|1977]], [[1979 Formula One season|1979]]) | Drivers_champ = '''3''' ([[Niki Lauda]] – [[1975 Formula One season|1975]], [[1977 Formula One season|1977]], [[Jody Scheckter]] – [[1979 Formula One season|1979]]) | Poles = 19 | Fastest_laps = 25 | Podiums = 61 }}

The '''Ferrari 312T''' was a [[Scuderia Ferrari|Ferrari]] [[Formula One]] car design, based on the [[Ferrari 312B3|312B3]] from 1974. In various versions, it was used from 1975 until 1980. It was designed by [[Mauro Forghieri]] for the [[1975 Formula One season|1975 season]], and was an uncomplicated and clean design that responded well to mechanical upgrades.

The 312T series won 27 races, four Constructors' and three Drivers' Championships, making it the most successful car design in Formula One history. It was replaced for the [[1981 Formula One season|1981 season]] by the [[Ferrari 126 C|126 C]], Ferrari's first [[turbocharger|turbocharged]] F1 car. It was also Ferrari's last [[naturally-aspirated engine|naturally-aspirated]] F1 car until the [[Ferrari 640]] in 1989, after the ban on [[turbocharged]] engines.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.autoevolution.com/news/get-to-know-ferrari-s-most-spectacular-formula-1-engines-166240.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210729152646/https://www.autoevolution.com/news/get-to-know-ferrari-s-most-spectacular-formula-1-engines-166240.html |archive-date=29 July 2021 |title=Get to Know Ferrari's Most Spectacular Formula 1 Engines - autoevolution}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.scuderia.com/2017/06/01/ferraris-f1-engines-pursuit-power/ |title=Ferrari's Most Alluring F1 Engines - Scuderia.com |access-date=24 November 2021 |archive-date=15 May 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210515085321/http://www.scuderia.com/2017/06/01/ferraris-f1-engines-pursuit-power/ }}</ref>

== Mechanical configuration ==

The car was powered by the powerful and reliable [[Ferrari flat-12 engine#Tipo 015|''Tipo'' 015 flat-12 engine]] which gave around 510 bhp. Although it had to carry more fuel, oil and water than the [[Cosworth DFV]]-powered cars the [[power-to-weight ratio]] of the flat-12 was about the same as the DFV. The "3" stood for the car's engine displacement (3 litres) and "12" was the number of cylinders it had (12).

In order to improve upon the preceding [[Ferrari 312B|312B3]], Forghieri designed a new chassis for the 312T. The 312T chassis was a semi-monocoque consisting of tubular spaceframe reinforced with riveted aluminium panels. This "traditional" construction was a departure from the full [[monocoque]] of the 312B3. The new chassis was slightly heavier than the 312B3 monocoque, but had comparable rigidity and was easier to adjust and repair. It could also accept bodywork with a lower frontal area, reducing drag. The suspension design was substantially revised to work with the new chassis. The same basic chassis design and construction method was used in all 312T-series cars, although later cars received modifications to improve torsional rigidity.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last=Garton |first=Nick |title=Ferrari 312T 1975-1980 (312T, T2, T3, T4, T5 & T6): Owners' Workshop Manual |publisher=Haynes |year=2016 |isbn=978-0-85733-811-2 |location=Sparkford |language=en |oclc=953857583}}</ref>{{Rp|pages=12–13,41,44}} [[File:Ferrari 312 T3 at CF 2022 transaxle.jpg|alt=The transverse gearbox of a Ferrari 312T3|left|thumb|The transverse gearbox of a Ferrari 312T3]] Forgheri and Ferrari engineer Walter Salvarani also developed a new gearbox for the 312T. This unit was mounted behind the engine in a [[wikt:transverse#Adjective|transverse]] orientation, ahead of the rear wheels. This moved the car's center of mass forward and lowered the polar moment of inertia. This design had precedent in the [[March 721|March 721X]].<ref name=":0" />{{Rp|pages=63–64}} This gearbox configuration was considered so important to the overall design that the "T" in the 312T name stood for ''trasversale'',<ref>''Ferrari: Grand Prix Car'' page 229 Section V ''The 3 Litre V12's'' Chapter 3 ''Lauda's sustained success'' by Alan Henry Autocourse (1984) Hazelton Publishing {{ISBN|090-5138-61-9}}</ref> Italian for transverse. While all 312T gearboxes used in competition were conventional manual transmissions, Ferrari briefly experimented with a [[Semi-automatic transmission|semi-automatic]] version of the gearbox in 1979. This consisted of a modified version of the manual gearbox actuated by a high-pressure hydraulic system, controlled by buttons mounted on the steering wheel. The system was intended to speed up gear changes and reduce human error. It was tested by Scuderia Ferrari driver [[Gilles Villeneuve]] at [[Fiorano Circuit|Fiorano]], but was not used in competition as Villeneuve preferred the original manual transmission. Ferrari would revisit the semi-automatic gearbox 10 years later, in the 1989 [[Ferrari 640]] F1 car.<ref name=":0" />{{Rp|page=65}}<ref>{{Cite web |last=Barlow |first=Jason |date=2022-02-04 |title=Great Ferrari Innovations: The F1 semi-automatic gearbox |url=https://www.ferrari.com/magazine/articles/great-ferrari-innovations-the-f1-semi-automatic-gearbox |access-date=2022-11-06 |website=www.ferrari.com |language=en }}{{Dead link|date=August 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>

==Versions== === 312T ===

[[File:Ferrari 312T 1975.jpg|thumb|left|[[Niki Lauda]]'s {{F1|1975}} 312T on display.]]

The development of the 312T began in 1974, as it became apparent that problems with the handling of the then current [[Ferrari 312B3|312B3]] chassis could not be solved, and a radical re-think was required.<ref name="Henry229">Henry (1989), pp. 229–230</ref> As with all Ferrari F1 cars of this era, the design of the new model was led by [[Mauro Forghieri]] – the capable Italian engineer designed an all-new chassis and bodywork, and redesigned both the engine and the gearbox.

The car was constructed with aluminium panels over a tubular steel spaceframe, as was typical in F1 at the time,<ref>[http://www.ferrari.com/English/GT_Sport%20Cars/Classiche/All_Models/Pages/312_T.aspx Ferrari official website] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120224013925/http://www.ferrari.com/English/GT_Sport%20Cars/Classiche/All_Models/Pages/312_T.aspx |date=24 February 2012 }} retrieved 21 May 2009</ref> but featured a large number of new design features, the most interesting of which was the transverse-mounted gearbox – the T in the car's name stood for ''Trasversale''. The gearbox design allowed it to be positioned ahead of the rear axle, in order to give a low polar moment of inertia. The suspension was also significantly different from that of the 312B3, and the front of the chassis was much narrower. The handling of the car was found to be inherently neutral, not suffering from the persistent [[understeer]] which blighted the 312B3. [[Niki Lauda]] tested the car extensively during the off season, ready for a full-on championship challenge.

The first 312T was completed in the autumn of 1974, and unveiled to the press in Modena after the end of the 1974 season. However, the team used the old 312B3 at the first two races of the 1975 season, and it was not until the [[1975 South African Grand Prix|South African Grand Prix]] the 312T received its race debut. The car's performance at its debut race was disappointing, with [[Clay Regazzoni]]'s car being set up incorrectly, and [[Niki Lauda]]'s suffering from a lack of power. A subsequent test of Lauda's engine proved that there was a technical problem.<ref name="Henry229" />

The 312T was tested alongside the 312B3 at [[Fiorano Circuit|Fiorano]], proving conclusively that the newer car was faster, and indeed it went on to win its next race, the non-championship [[1975 BRDC International Trophy|International Trophy race]], with Lauda at the wheel. In the world championship, after the slow start to the season in which [[Brabham]], [[Tyrrell Racing|Tyrrell]] and [[McLaren (racing)|McLaren]] put up strong competition, Lauda won 4 out of 5 races mid season before snatching the title at [[Autodromo Nazionale Monza|Monza]] by finishing third, whilst [[Clay Regazzoni]]'s win in that race secured Ferrari its first Constructors' Championship since 1964. Lauda went on to win the [[1975 United States Grand Prix|US Grand Prix]] at season's end, confirming Ferrari's superiority in 1975.

The [[Formula One regulations|Formula 1 technical regulations]] were changed for the [[1976 Formula One season|1976 season]] – from the Spanish Grand Prix in May, the tall [[airbox|air boxes]] which had become popular would be banned. The rules therefore allowed Ferrari to continue to use the 312T for the opening 3 races of the 1976 season (Lauda won the first two and Regazzoni the third), before the introduction of its successor, a revised version called the 312T2.

Five 312T chassis were used in races (chassis numbers: 018,021,022,023,024).<ref name="Henry349">Henry (1989), pp. 349–350</ref> The car's final world championship race was at the [[1976 United States Grand Prix West]].

===312T2=== [[File:Regazzoni, Clay am 31.07.1976 - Ferrari 312T.jpg|thumb|250px|left|[[Clay Regazzoni]] (1939–2006) in a 312T2 in 1976 at the [[Nürburgring]]]]

The '''312T2''' was launched at Fiorano and featured a number of modifications over the 312T.<ref name="Henry232">Henry (1989), pp. 232–263</ref> In order to comply with the revised aerodynamic rules, the car no longer featured an airbox behind the cockpit. Instead [[NACA duct|"NACA shaped"]] air intakes were incorporated into the cockpit sides, feeding air into each cylinder bank of the flat 12 engine. At 2560mm, the wheelbase was 42mm longer than that of the 312T.<ref>[http://www.ferrari.com/English/GT_Sport%20Cars/Classiche/All_Models/Pages/312_T2.aspx Ferrari official website] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716074506/http://www.ferrari.com/English/GT_Sport%20Cars/Classiche/All_Models/Pages/312_T2.aspx |date=16 July 2011 }} retrieved 21 May 2009</ref> At the time of launch, the car also featured some notable mechanical modifications, including a [[de Dion tube|de Dion]] rear suspension arrangement, although this was abandoned after extensive testing, in favour of a more conventional suspension set up.<ref name="Henry232" />

The 312T2 was given its race debut at the non-championship [[Brands Hatch]] [[Race of Champions (Brands Hatch)|Race of Champions]] in March 1976 and was first used in a world championship race in May at the [[1976 Spanish Grand Prix|Spanish Grand Prix]]. The 312T2 was, if anything, more successful than the 312T. Lauda was comfortably leading the world championship after another 3 wins, when at the [[1976 German Grand Prix]] at [[Nürburgring]] he had a massive accident caused by a suspected rear [[suspension (vehicle)|suspension]] failure. In the aftermath he nearly burned to death, but was miraculously back to racing just 6 weeks later. Lauda conceded the title by just a single point to [[James Hunt]], but the 312T2's superiority helped Ferrari win its second consecutive constructors' title.

====312T2B==== The 312T2 was uprated to B-spec. for the 1977 season. At the early races the cars were little different from the 1976 specification cars, indeed two of the 1976 cars (chassis 026 and 027) were used in the early races.<ref name="Henry349" /> One of the few visible changes was the addition of Fiat logos to a Ferrari F1 car for the first time. Lauda was unhappy with the performance of the car at the first two races of 1977, and led an extensive test programme to develop the car in the weeks between the [[1977 Brazilian Grand Prix|Brazilian]] and [[1977 South African Grand Prix|South African]] grands prix.<ref name="Henry232" /> These tests resulted in the introduction of several changes to the car, including a new rear wing, revised bodywork and suspension. Lauda went on to win the South African race, albeit in tragic circumstances, his car heavily damaged by debris from [[Tom Pryce|Tom Pryce's]] fatal accident.

Over the course of the season, three new cars were constructed (chassis numbers 029, 030 & 031) and the car's development continued.<ref name="Henry349" /> Several different noses and rear wing profiles were used, some especially tailored for specific circuits, and numerous changes were made to the suspension and rear bodywork. One of the problems Ferrari had with the 312T2B in 1977 was that the Goodyear tyres were increasingly unsuited to the car. As Goodyear continued to develop the tyres to cope with the high downforce of the [[Lotus 78]], it became more difficult for the Ferrari (with less downforce) to build up sufficient tyre temperatures. Although still quick, the B-spec car proved to be more difficult to drive than the previous year's iteration of the car largely due to the insufficient tyre temperatures and the various wing profiles Forghieri and his team were using, some of which didn't work properly. In one example, Lauda retired from the Swedish Grand Prix because of the car's handling difficulties.

However, despite its problems, the 312T2B was good enough to win the Drivers' Championship for Lauda, who won more through the car's reliability than outright speed. He took 3 wins, while Reutemann won once. The Constructors' Championship was also secured for a third successive season before Lauda walked out on the team before season's end after he won the championship at [[Watkins Glen International|Watkins Glen]] in America. He was replaced by Canadian Gilles Villeneuve, who was unable to get a handle on the T2B, as its neutral handling did not suit his oversteering driving style. Ferrari were due to run 3 cars at [[Mosport Park]] in Canada but Lauda decided to depart early because he felt Ferrari could not run 3 cars at a race without its resources being stretched. Then at the last race at the Mount Fuji circuit in Japan, Villeneuve had an enormous accident where he was launched over Ronnie Peterson's 6-wheel Tyrrell at the end of the straight, cleared the Armco barrier and landed in a spectator-restricted area. 2 spectators who were standing in this restricted area were crushed and killed instantly by the airborne Ferrari.

The 312T2B was used for the first two races of 1978, before being replaced by the 312T3.

===312T3=== [[File:Carlos Reutemann Walkins Glen Ferrari 1978.jpg|thumb|250px|right|Ferrari 312T3 driven by [[Carlos Reutemann]] (1942–2021) in [[1978 United States Grand Prix|1978 USA Grand Prix]] at [[Watkins Glen International|Watkins Glen, New York]]]] The '''312T3''' was introduced for Villeneuve and [[Carlos Reutemann|Reutemann]] at the third race of the 1978 season.

The car featured the same flat 12 engine as had been used since 1970, albeit tuned to give around 515 bhp. The chassis was completely new, with a new monocoque structure and a different suspension arrangement, designed to work with the Michelin tyres. The bodywork visibly very different, with a flatter top to the body, allowing improved air flow to the rear wing.

All the hard work came to nothing though as the pioneering [[Lotus 79]] [[ground effect in cars|ground effect]] "wing car" took on and beat all comers with ease that season, and Ferrari were left to pick up the pieces of any Lotus failures. Reutemann won 4 races, whilst Villeneuve won for the first time at the final race, his home race in [[Canada]], but it was more a season of consolidation. Reutemann moved to [[Team Lotus|Lotus]] for 1979, replaced by [[Jody Scheckter]]. Ferrari was 2nd in the Constructors' Championship.

===312T4=== [[File:Jody Scheckter 1979 Monaco.jpg|thumb|[[Jody Scheckter]] driving the 312T4 at the [[1979 Monaco Grand Prix]], where he took his second win of the [[1979 Formula One season|season]].]] In 1979, a significant amount of progress was made in aerodynamics and to challenge [[Team Lotus|Lotus]], Forghieri realised he had to follow their lead and design a [[ground effect in cars|ground effect]] car for 1979. The '''312T4''', introduced at the [[1979 South African Grand Prix]] was closely based on the 312T3. Its origins placed restrictions on the aerodynamic design since the T series had never been designed with ground effect in mind. The 312T4 monocoque was designed to be as narrow as possible, to take advantage of ground effects, but this was limited by the width of the flat 12 engine, which partially sat in the area where the upswept underside should have been, therefore the 312T4 was more of a wing car similar to the [[Lotus 78]].

The car was extremely reliable, recording only one retirement for mechanical reasons and it won 6 races in 1979, three each for Villeneuve and Scheckter. Other solid placings helped Ferrari win its fourth Constructors' Championship in 5 seasons and Scheckter his only Drivers' Championship.

Scheckter was given the 312T4 car he drove to his championship after the new 312T5 was ready to be debuted in Argentina in 1980. He ran it at the [[2010 Bahrain Grand Prix]] weekend to celebrate the 60th anniversary of Formula One, along with every living Formula One world champion except for [[Nelson Piquet]] and [[Kimi Räikkönen]],<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.metrof1.com/mt-search.cgi?IncludeBlogs=4&search=Stewart |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110714080311/http://www.metrof1.com/mt-search.cgi?IncludeBlogs=4&search=Stewart |archive-date=2011-07-14 |title=To America, Hamilton is the new Beckham}}</ref> and again at the [[2019 Italian Grand Prix]] to commemorate the fortieth anniversary of his title triumph there, and then sold it at auction in 2024.

===312T5=== [[File:Ferrari 312T5.jpg|thumb|[[Gilles Villeneuve]]'s 312T5.]] The [[1980 Formula One season|1980 season]] saw further aerodynamic progress by [[Cosworth DFV]] teams, and a heavily updated version of the 312T4, the '''312T5''' was introduced at the start of the season. The Ferrari was totally outclassed as their wide 312 "Boxer" engine did not suit the aerodynamic needs. The car was unreliable, slow, and ineffective against the competition. The other constructors' cars got better throughout the season whereas the 312T5's development went virtually nowhere – the car became less and less competitive over the season. For the first time since [[1973 Formula One season|1973]], Ferrari did not win a race for an entire season, and the team finished 10th in the Constructors' Championship. Scheckter even failed to qualify in Canada and, after only managing 2 points, retired from the sport at the end of the year. The 312T5's best qualifying result came courtesy of Villeneuve being the third fastest qualifier for the [[1980 Brazilian Grand Prix|Brazilian Grand Prix]]. The 312T5's best results were three fifth-place finishes, one for Scheckter at [[1980 United States Grand Prix West|Long Beach]] and the two others for Villeneuve at [[1980 Monaco Grand Prix|Monaco]] and also at [[1980 Canadian Grand Prix|his home race in Canada]].

The 312T5 was succeeded by a completely new car, the [[Ferrari 126CK|126CK]], for the [[1981 Formula One season|1981 season]].

===312T6=== The six-wheeled 312T6 used four tyres at the rear, specially developed for the purpose. It was one of a few six-wheeled designs during that period, although Tyrrell's [[Tyrrell P34|P34]] was the only example which raced. The car followed in the footsteps of the Tyrrell P34, but instead of four smaller front wheels, the T6 used 4 normal sized rear wheels on one rear axle.<ref>{{cite web|author=Keith Collantine |url=http://www.f1fanatic.co.uk/2007/03/01/banned-six-wheelers/ |title=Banned! Six-wheelers | |publisher=F1fanatic.co.uk |date=2007-03-01 |access-date=2011-01-22}}</ref>

The car was tested by both Niki Lauda and Carlos Reutemann in 1977, but it never raced. Quite apart from the fact that it was far wider than the regulations permitted it also proved a challenge to drive. During one test session at Ferrari's Fiorano test track, Carlos Reutemann, on the 12th lap, crashed the car, which then burst into flames. On another occasion, it suffered a rear upright failure.{{citation needed|date=July 2014}} Reutemann was not impressed with the 312T6.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.forix.com/8w/6thgear/neverraced.html |title=Grand Prix cars that never raced (work in progress) |author=Mattijs Diepraam |author2='Uechtel' |author3=Rafael Reyna |author4=Leo Breevoort |author5=Jasper Heymans |website=Forix |date=2013-01-09 |access-date=2014-07-06}}</ref>

===312T8=== Following the 312T6 experiment articles appeared in the Italian press with pictures and illustrations depicting a secret eight-wheeled Ferrari Formula 1 car, dubbed the ''312T8''. They showed four wheels at the front, like the Tyrrell P34, and another four at the rear, like the [[March 2-4-0]]. The idea was evidently crazy and no such car ever materialised. Many years later, these pictures were revealed to be a mock up, released by Ferrari itself (although not officially) to keep attention high.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://clubf1.es/viewtopic.php?p=261273|title=Proyectos de F1 que no se concretaron – Cuando sólo cuatro… no bastan |publisher=effjuan.wordpress.com|access-date=2011-07-24|language=es}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://effjuan.wordpress.com/2011/07/|title=Six Wheels On My Wagon|publisher=effjuan.wordpress.com|access-date=2011-07-24}}</ref>

==Technical data==

{| class="prettytable" |----- bgcolor="#DDDDDD" ! width="18%"|Technical data ! width="18%"|312T ! width="18%"|312T2 ! width="16%"|312T3 ! width="15%"|312T4 ! width="15%"|312T5 |----- bgcolor="#EEEEEE" |Engine:  || colspan="5" align="center" |[[Mid-engine|Mid-mounted]] 12-cylinder [[Flat engine|flat-engine]] |----- bgcolor="#EEEEEE" |[[Engine displacement|displacement]]:  || colspan="5" align="center" |2992 cm3 |----- bgcolor="#EEEEEE" |Bore x stroke:  || colspan="5" align="center" |80.0 x 49.6 mm |----- bgcolor="#EEEEEE" |[[Compression Ratio|Compression]]:  || colspan="5" align="center" |11.5:1 |----- bgcolor="#EEEEEE" |Max power at rpm:  || align="center" |495 hp at 12 200 rpm || align="center" |500 hp at 12 200 rpm|| align="center" |510 hp at 12 200 rpm || colspan="2" align="center" |515 hp at 12 300 rpm |----- bgcolor="#EEEEEE" |Valve control:  || colspan="5" align="center" |[[DOHC|Double Overhead Camshafts]] per cylinder bank, 4 valves per cylinder |----- bgcolor="#EEEEEE" |Fuel system:  || colspan="5" align="center" |Lucas [[fuel injection]] |----- bgcolor="#EEEEEE" |[[Gearbox]]:  || colspan="4" align="center" |5-speed manual || align="center" |6-speed manual |----- bgcolor="#EEEEEE" |[[Car suspension|suspension]] front:  || colspan="5" align="center" |Double wishbones, coil springs, anti-roll bars |----- bgcolor="#EEEEEE" |[[Car suspension|suspension]] rear:  || colspan="2" align="center" |Upper transverse link, lower triangular link, double longitudinal links, coil springs, anti-roll bars|| colspan="3" align="center" |Double triangle links, coil springs, anti-roll bars |----- bgcolor="#EEEEEE" |[[Brake]]s:  || colspan="5" align="center" |Hydraulic disc brakes |----- bgcolor="#EEEEEE" |[[Chassis]] & [[Automobile body|body]]:  || colspan="5" align="center" |Self-supporting monocoque |----- bgcolor="#EEEEEE" |[[Wheelbase]]:  || align="center" |252 cm || colspan="2" align="center" |256 cm || colspan="2" align="center" |270 cm |----- bgcolor="#EEEEEE" |[[Dry weight]]:  || align="center" |575 kg|| align="center" |560 kg|| align="center" |580 kg|| align="center" |590 kg|| align="center" |595 kg |}

==Complete Formula One World Championship results== {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; font-size:85%" ! Year ! Chassis ! Tyres !width="140px"| Driver ! 1 ! 2 ! 3 ! 4 ! 5 ! 6 ! 7 ! 8 ! 9 ! 10 ! 11 ! 12 ! 13 ! 14 ! 15 ! 16 ! 17 ! [[List of Formula One World Championship points scoring systems|Points]] ! WCC |- !rowspan="3"| {{F1|1975}} |rowspan="3"| 312T |rowspan="3"| {{Goodyear}} | | [[1975 Argentine Grand Prix|ARG]] | [[1975 Brazilian Grand Prix|BRA]] | [[1975 South African Grand Prix|RSA]] | [[1975 Spanish Grand Prix|ESP]] | [[1975 Monaco Grand Prix|MON]] | [[1975 Belgian Grand Prix|BEL]] | [[1975 Swedish Grand Prix|SWE]] | [[1975 Dutch Grand Prix|NED]] | [[1975 French Grand Prix|FRA]] | [[1975 British Grand Prix|GBR]] | [[1975 German Grand Prix|GER]] | [[1975 Austrian Grand Prix|AUT]] | [[1975 Italian Grand Prix|ITA]] | [[1975 United States Grand Prix|USA]] | | | |rowspan="3" style="background-color:#FFFFBF"|'''72.5'''{{ref|1|1}} |rowspan="3" style="background-color:#FFFFBF"|'''1st''' |- |[[Clay Regazzoni]] | | |style="background-color:#CFCFFF"| 16 |style="background-color:#CFCFFF"| NC |style="background-color:#EFCFFF"| Ret |style="background-color:#DFFFDF"| ''5'' |style="background-color:#FFDF9F"| 3 |style="background-color:#FFDF9F"| 3 |style="background-color:#EFCFFF"| Ret |style="background-color:#CFCFFF"| ''13'' |style="background-color:#EFCFFF"| ''Ret'' |style="background-color:#CFCFFF"| 7 |style="background-color:#FFFFBF"| ''1'' |style="background-color:#EFCFFF"| Ret | | | |- |[[Niki Lauda]] | | |style="background-color:#DFFFDF"| 5 |style="background-color:#EFCFFF"| '''Ret''' |style="background-color:#FFFFBF"| '''1''' |style="background-color:#FFFFBF"| '''1''' |style="background-color:#FFFFBF"| ''1'' |style="background-color:#DFDFDF"| '''''2''''' |style="background-color:#FFFFBF"| '''1''' |style="background-color:#CFCFFF"| 8 |style="background-color:#FFDF9F"| '''3''' |style="background-color:#DFFFDF"| '''6''' |style="background-color:#FFDF9F"| '''3''' |style="background-color:#FFFFBF"| '''1''' | | | |- !rowspan="6"| {{F1|1976}} |rowspan="3"| 312T |rowspan="6"| {{Goodyear}} | | [[1976 Brazilian Grand Prix|BRA]] | [[1976 South African Grand Prix|RSA]] | [[1976 United States Grand Prix West|USW]] | [[1976 Spanish Grand Prix|ESP]] | [[1976 Belgian Grand Prix|BEL]] | [[1976 Monaco Grand Prix|MON]] | [[1976 Swedish Grand Prix|SWE]] | [[1976 French Grand Prix|FRA]] | [[1976 British Grand Prix|GBR]] | [[1976 German Grand Prix|GER]] | [[1976 Austrian Grand Prix|AUT]] | [[1976 Dutch Grand Prix|NED]] | [[1976 Italian Grand Prix|ITA]] | [[1976 Canadian Grand Prix|CAN]] | [[1976 United States Grand Prix|USA]] | [[1976 Japanese Grand Prix|JPN]] | |rowspan="6" style="background-color:#FFFFBF"|'''83''' |rowspan="6" style="background-color:#FFFFBF"|'''1st''' |- |[[Niki Lauda]] |style="background-color:#FFFFBF"|1 |style="background-color:#FFFFBF"|''1'' |style="background-color:#DFDFDF"|2 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |- |[[Clay Regazzoni]] |style="background-color:#CFCFFF"|7 |style="background-color:#EFCFFF"|Ret |style="background-color:#FFFFBF"|'''''1''''' | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |- |rowspan="3"| 312T2 |[[Niki Lauda]] | | | |style="background-color:#DFDFDF"|2 |style="background-color:#FFFFBF"|'''''1''''' |style="background-color:#FFFFBF"|'''1''' |style="background-color:#FFDF9F"|3 |style="background-color:#EFCFFF"|''Ret'' |style="background-color:#FFFFBF"|'''''1''''' |style="background-color:#EFCFFF"|Ret | | |style="background-color:#DFFFDF"|4 |style="background-color:#CFCFFF"|8 |style="background-color:#FFDF9F"|3 |style="background-color:#EFCFFF"|Ret | |- |[[Clay Regazzoni]] | | | |style="background-color:#CFCFFF"|11 |style="background-color:#DFDFDF"|2 |style="background-color:#CFCFFF"|''14''† |style="background-color:#DFFFDF"|6 |style="background-color:#EFCFFF"|Ret |style="background-color:#000000; color:white"|DSQ |style="background-color:#CFCFFF"|9 | |style="background-color:#DFDFDF"|''2'' |style="background-color:#DFDFDF"|2 |style="background-color:#DFFFDF"|6 |style="background-color:#CFCFFF"|7 |style="background-color:#DFFFDF"|5 | |- |[[Carlos Reutemann]] | | | | | | | | | | | | |style="background-color:#CFCFFF"| 9 | | | | |- !rowspan="4"| {{F1|1977}} |rowspan="4"| 312T2B |rowspan="4"| {{Goodyear}} | | [[1977 Argentine Grand Prix|ARG]] | [[1977 Brazilian Grand Prix|BRA]] | [[1977 South African Grand Prix|RSA]] | [[1977 United States Grand Prix West|USW]] | [[1977 Spanish Grand Prix|ESP]] | [[1977 Monaco Grand Prix|MON]] | [[1977 Belgian Grand Prix|BEL]] | [[1977 Swedish Grand Prix|SWE]] | [[1977 French Grand Prix|FRA]] | [[1977 British Grand Prix|GBR]] | [[1977 German Grand Prix|GER]] | [[1977 Austrian Grand Prix|AUT]] | [[1977 Dutch Grand Prix|NED]] | [[1977 Italian Grand Prix|ITA]] | [[1977 United States Grand Prix|USA]] | [[1977 Canadian Grand Prix|CAN]] | [[1977 Japanese Grand Prix|JPN]] |rowspan="4" style="background-color:#FFFFBF"|'''95 (97)''' |rowspan="4" style="background-color:#FFFFBF"|'''1st''' |- |[[Niki Lauda]] |style="background-color:#EFCFFF"| Ret |style="background-color:#FFDF9F"| 3 |style="background-color:#FFFFBF"| 1 |style="background-color:#DFDFDF"| '''''2''''' |style="background-color:white"| DNS |style="background-color:#DFDFDF"| 2 |style="background-color:#DFDFDF"| 2 |style="background-color:#EFCFFF"| Ret |style="background-color:#DFFFDF"| 5 |style="background-color:#DFDFDF"| 2 |style="background-color:#FFFFBF"| ''1'' |style="background-color:#DFDFDF"| '''2''' |style="background-color:#FFFFBF"| ''1'' |style="background-color:#DFDFDF"| 2 |style="background-color:#DFFFDF"| 4 | | |- |[[Carlos Reutemann]] |style="background-color:#FFDF9F"| 3 |style="background-color:#FFFFBF"| 1 |style="background-color:#CFCFFF"| 8 |style="background-color:#EFCFFF"| Ret |style="background-color:#DFDFDF"| 2 |style="background-color:#FFDF9F"| 3 |style="background-color:#EFCFFF"| Ret |style="background-color:#FFDF9F"| 3 |style="background-color:#DFFFDF"| 6 |style="background-color:#CFCFFF"| 15 |style="background-color:#DFFFDF"| 4 |style="background-color:#DFFFDF"| 4 |style="background-color:#DFFFDF"| 6 |style="background-color:#EFCFFF"| Ret |style="background-color:#DFFFDF"| 6 |style="background-color:#EFCFFF"| Ret |style="background-color:#DFDFDF"| 2 |- |[[Gilles Villeneuve]] | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |style="background-color:#CFCFFF"| 12 |style="background-color:#EFCFFF"| Ret |- !rowspan="5"| {{F1|1978}} |rowspan="3"| 312T2B |rowspan="5"| {{Michelin}} | | [[1978 Argentine Grand Prix|ARG]] | [[1978 Brazilian Grand Prix|BRA]] | [[1978 South African Grand Prix|RSA]] | [[1978 United States Grand Prix West|USW]] | [[1978 Monaco Grand Prix|MON]] | [[1978 Belgian Grand Prix|BEL]] | [[1978 Spanish Grand Prix|ESP]] | [[1978 Swedish Grand Prix|SWE]] | [[1978 French Grand Prix|FRA]] | [[1978 British Grand Prix|GBR]] | [[1978 German Grand Prix|GER]] | [[1978 Austrian Grand Prix|AUT]] | [[1978 Dutch Grand Prix|NED]] | [[1978 Italian Grand Prix|ITA]] | [[1978 United States Grand Prix|USA]] | [[1978 Canadian Grand Prix|CAN]] | |rowspan="5" style="background-color:#DFDFDF"|'''58''' |rowspan="5" style="background-color:#DFDFDF"|'''2nd''' |- |[[Carlos Reutemann]] |style="background-color:#CFCFFF"|7 |style="background-color:#FFFFBF"|''1'' | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |- |[[Gilles Villeneuve]] |style="background-color:#CFCFFF"|''8'' |style="background-color:#EFCFFF"|Ret | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |- |rowspan="2"| 312T3 |[[Carlos Reutemann]] | | |style="background-color:#EFCFFF"|Ret |style="background-color:#FFFFBF"|'''1''' |style="background-color:#CFCFFF"|'''8''' |style="background-color:#FFDF9F"|3 |style="background-color:#EFCFFF"|Ret |style="background-color:#CFCFFF"|10 |style="background-color:#CFCFFF"|''18'' |style="background-color:#FFFFBF"|1 |style="background-color:#EFCFFF"|Ret |style="background-color:#000000; color:white"|DSQ |style="background-color:#CFCFFF"|7 |style="background-color:#FFDF9F"|3 |style="background-color:#FFFFBF"|1 |style="background-color:#FFDF9F"|3 | |- |[[Gilles Villeneuve]] | | |style="background-color:#EFCFFF"|Ret |style="background-color:#EFCFFF"|Ret |style="background-color:#EFCFFF"|Ret |style="background-color:#DFFFDF"|4 |style="background-color:#CFCFFF"|10 |style="background-color:#CFCFFF"|9 |style="background-color:#CFCFFF"|12 |style="background-color:#EFCFFF"|Ret |style="background-color:#CFCFFF"|8 |style="background-color:#FFDF9F"|3 |style="background-color:#DFFFDF"|6 |style="background-color:#CFCFFF"|7 |style="background-color:#EFCFFF"|Ret |style="background-color:#FFFFBF"|1 | |- !rowspan="5"| {{F1|1979}} |rowspan="3"| 312T3 |rowspan="5"| {{Michelin}} | | [[1979 Argentine Grand Prix|ARG]] | [[1979 Brazilian Grand Prix|BRA]] | [[1979 South African Grand Prix|RSA]] | [[1979 United States Grand Prix West|USW]] | [[1979 Spanish Grand Prix|ESP]] | [[1979 Belgian Grand Prix|BEL]] | [[1979 Monaco Grand Prix|MON]] | [[1979 French Grand Prix|FRA]] | [[1979 British Grand Prix|GBR]] | [[1979 German Grand Prix|GER]] | [[1979 Austrian Grand Prix|AUT]] | [[1979 Dutch Grand Prix|NED]] | [[1979 Italian Grand Prix|ITA]] | [[1979 Canadian Grand Prix|CAN]] | [[1979 United States Grand Prix|USA]] | | |rowspan="5" style="background-color:#FFFFBF"|'''113''' |rowspan="5" style="background-color:#FFFFBF"|'''1st''' |- |[[Jody Scheckter]] |style="background-color:#EFCFFF"| Ret |style="background-color:#DFFFDF"| 6 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |- |[[Gilles Villeneuve]] |style="background-color:#EFCFFF"| Ret |style="background-color:#DFFFDF"| 5 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |- |rowspan="2"| 312T4 |[[Jody Scheckter]] | | |style="background-color:#DFDFDF"| 2 |style="background-color:#DFDFDF"| 2 |style="background-color:#DFFFDF"| 4 |style="background-color:#FFFFBF"| 1 |style="background-color:#FFFFBF"| '''1''' |style="background-color:#CFCFFF"| 7 |style="background-color:#DFFFDF"| 5 |style="background-color:#DFFFDF"| 4 |style="background-color:#DFFFDF"| 4 |style="background-color:#DFDFDF"| 2 |style="background-color:#FFFFBF"| 1 |style="background-color:#DFFFDF"| 4 |style="background-color:#EFCFFF"| Ret | | |- |[[Gilles Villeneuve]] | | |style="background-color:#FFFFBF"| ''1'' |style="background-color:#FFFFBF"| '''''1''''' |style="background-color:#CFCFFF"| ''7'' |style="background-color:#CFCFFF"| ''7'' |style="background-color:#EFCFFF"| Ret |style="background-color:#DFDFDF"| 2 |style="background-color:#CFCFFF"| 14† |style="background-color:#CFCFFF"| ''8'' |style="background-color:#DFDFDF"| 2 |style="background-color:#EFCFFF"| ''Ret'' |style="background-color:#DFDFDF"| 2 |style="background-color:#DFDFDF"| 2 |style="background-color:#FFFFBF"| 1 | | |- !rowspan="3"| {{F1|1980}} |rowspan="3"| 312T5 |rowspan="3"| {{Michelin}} | | [[1980 Argentine Grand Prix|ARG]] | [[1980 Brazilian Grand Prix|BRA]] | [[1980 South African Grand Prix|RSA]] | [[1980 United States Grand Prix West|USW]] | [[1980 Belgian Grand Prix|BEL]] | [[1980 Monaco Grand Prix|MON]] | [[1980 French Grand Prix|FRA]] | [[1980 British Grand Prix|GBR]] | [[1980 German Grand Prix|GER]] | [[1980 Austrian Grand Prix|AUT]] | [[1980 Dutch Grand Prix|NED]] | [[1980 Italian Grand Prix|ITA]] | [[1980 Canadian Grand Prix|CAN]] | [[1980 United States Grand Prix|USA]] | | | |rowspan="3"| '''8''' |rowspan="3"| '''10th''' |- |[[Jody Scheckter]] |style="background-color:#EFCFFF"|Ret |style="background-color:#EFCFFF"|Ret |style="background-color:#EFCFFF"|Ret |style="background-color:#DFFFDF"|5 |style="background-color:#CFCFFF"|8 |style="background-color:#EFCFFF"|Ret |style="background-color:#CFCFFF"|12 |style="background-color:#CFCFFF"|10 |style="background-color:#CFCFFF"|13 |style="background-color:#CFCFFF"|13 |style="background-color:#CFCFFF"|9 |style="background-color:#CFCFFF"|8 |style="background-color:#FFCFCF"|DNQ |style="background-color:#CFCFFF"|11 | | | |- |[[Gilles Villeneuve]] |style="background-color:#EFCFFF"|Ret |style="background-color:#CFCFFF"|16† |style="background-color:#EFCFFF"|Ret |style="background-color:#EFCFFF"|Ret |style="background-color:#DFFFDF"|6 |style="background-color:#DFFFDF"|5 |style="background-color:#CFCFFF"|8 |style="background-color:#EFCFFF"|Ret |style="background-color:#DFFFDF"|6 |style="background-color:#CFCFFF"|8 |style="background-color:#CFCFFF"|7 |style="background-color:#EFCFFF"|Ret |style="background-color:#DFFFDF"|5 |style="background-color:#EFCFFF"|Ret | | | |} {{note|1|1}} In 1975, nine points were scored driving the [[Ferrari 312B3]]. † - Driver retired from the race, but was classified as he had completed more than 90% of the race distance.

== References == {{refbegin}} * {{cite book |last1=Tremayne |first1=David |last2=Hughes |first2=Mark |year=1998 |title=The Concise Encyclopedia Of Formula One |publisher=Paragon}} * {{cite book |last=Henry |first=Alan |year=1989 |title=Ferrari – The Grand Prix Cars |edition=2nd |publisher=Hazleton |isbn=0-905138-61-9}} * {{cite web |url=http://www.connectingrod.it/HistoricalRacingCars/Ferrari/312T/312T_index_eng.html |title=Ferrari 312T: Article, Technical details, Gallery, Results |publisher=ConnectingRod.it |access-date=2014-07-06 |archive-date=2 March 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120302043427/http://www.connectingrod.it/HistoricalRacingCars/Ferrari/312T/312T_index_eng.html |url-status=dead }} * {{cite web |url=http://www.ddavid.com/formula1/fer312t.htm |title=Ferrari 312T |first=Dennis |last=David |date=21 August 2012 |publisher=grandprixhistory.org |access-date=2014-07-06 |archive-date=1 March 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120301121739/http://www.ddavid.com/formula1/fer312t.htm }} {{refend}} {{reflist|2}}

== External links == {{Commons category}} * [http://formula1.ferrari.com/ Scuderia Ferrari official website]

{{Scuderia Ferrari}} {{F1 cars 1975}} {{F1 cars 1976}} {{F1 cars 1977}} {{F1 cars 1978}} {{F1 cars 1979}} {{F1 cars 1980}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Ferrari 312t}} [[Category:Ferrari Formula One cars|312T]] [[Category:1979 Formula One season cars]] [[Category:Formula One championship–winning cars]] [[Category:Six-wheeled vehicles|Ferrari 312T6]] [[Category:Eight-wheeled vehicles|Ferrari 312T8]] [[Category:6×4 vehicles|Ferrari 312T6]]