Piel Emeraude

{{short description|1950s French light aircraft}}  {{Infobox aircraft |name=Emeraude, Super Emeraude, Aeriel |image=CP301A.JPG |caption=CP301A Emeraude |aircraft_type=Civil utility aircraft |manufacturer=Coopavia, SCANOR, SOCA, Rouchaud, Renard, CAARP, Scintex, Aeronasa, Fairtravel, Durban, Garland, homebuilders |designer=Claude Piel |first_flight=19 June 1954 |introduction= |retired= |status= |primary_user= |more_users= |produced= |number_built= |variants= }} The '''Piel CP-30 Emeraude''' (French: ''émeraude'' = "emerald") is an aircraft designed in France in the mid-1950s and widely built both by factories and homebuilders.

==Design and development== The Emeraude is a low-wing cantilever monoplane with fixed tailwheel undercarriage and side-by-side seating for two. The aircraft uses wood construction with a laminated box spar with an elliptical trailing edge.<ref>{{cite journal|magazine=Air Progress Sport Aircraft|title=What kind of airplane should you build?|date=Winter 1969|page=45}}</ref> The prototype was designed and built by Claude Piel, who then licensed manufacture of the aircraft to a number of firms, most significantly Coopavia. These early production machines were similar to the prototype, but were fitted with more powerful engines.

The first major revision of the design was the '''Super Emeraude''', designed by Piel while working at Scintex in the early 1960s. It featured a strengthened airframe and cleaned-up aerodynamics, allowing it to be certified for aerobatics. Much of Scintex's Super Emeraude production was contracted out to CAARP, where the design eventually served as the basis for the CAP-10.

Emeraudes were also produced in the United Kingdom (by Fairtravel as the '''Linnet''') and in South Africa by General Aircraft ("Genair") of Virginia Airport as the '''Aeriel 2''' with imported engines,<ref>[http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1960/1960%20-%200474.html "Sport and Business], ''Flight'', 8 April 1960</ref> the first aircraft to be manufactured entirely in that country.<ref>Taylor 1961, p. 125.</ref> The Linnet was modified by the Garland Aircraft Company, formed by P.A.T Garland and D.E. Bianchi, to meet British airworthiness requirements. The first aircraft (''G-APNS'') was built at White Waltham and first flown on 1 September 1958 by Squadron Leader Neville Duke. Two more aircraft were planned but only one more was built by Garland-Bianchi in 1962. Between 1963 and 1965 three more aircraft were built with 100-hp Rolls-Royce Continental O-200-A engines. The last two aircraft had one-piece sliding cockpit canopies.

==Operational history== Reviewers Roy Beisswenger and Marino Boric described the design in a 2015 review as "It is not quick to build, as the timber construction is rather complicated because of the complex forms, but in aesthetic terms it is undoubtedly a success."<ref name="WDLA15">Tacke, Willi; Marino Boric; et al: ''World Directory of Light Aviation 2015–16'', page 101. Flying Pages Europe SARL, 2015. {{ISSN|1368-485X}}</ref>

==Variants== [[File:Binder Aviatik CP-301S Smaragd (G-DENS) at Cotswold Airport England 18Jun2016 arp.jpg|thumb|Binder Aviatik CP-301S Smaragd at Cotswold Airport, Gloucestershire, England in 2016. Built under licence, this is a deluxe version of the Piel Emeraude.]] thumb|CP-1310 Super Emeraude thumb|Piel Emeraude CP328A *'''CP-30''' – prototype with Continental A65 engine (one built) *'''CP-301''' **'''CP-301A''' – initial production version with Continental C90 engine (118 built) **'''CP-301B''' – version by Rousseau with sliding canopy, spatted undercarriage and other refinements (23 built) **'''CP-301C''' – version by Scintex with bubble canopy and revised cowling, wings and tail (84 built) **'''CP-301S''' – '''Smaragd''' certified factory built version by Binder Aviatik KG / Schempp Hirth. Continental C90 engine, sliding canopy, upper part of rear fuselage in fibreglass including a dorsal fin and other refinements (25 built) *'''CP-304''' – homebuilt version with Continental C85 engine *'''CP-305''' homebuilt version with Lycoming O-235 engine *'''CP-308''' *'''CP-315''' – this version was powered by a 78-kW (105-hp) Potez piston engine; only one CP-315 was built by Scintex Aviation. *'''CP-320''' – Emeraude fuselage with Super Emeraude wings<ref name="WDLA11">Bayerl, Robby; Martin Berkemeier; et al: ''World Directory of Leisure Aviation 2011–12'', page 96. WDLA UK, Lancaster UK, 2011. ISSN 1368-485X</ref> **'''CP-320A''' – CP-320 with swept fin *'''CP-321''' – CP-320 with Potez engine *'''CP-323''' – CP-320 with 140–160 hp O-320 Lycoming engine **'''CP-323A''' – CP-323 with bubble canopy *'''CP-324''' – '''Emeraude Club''' with JPX 2100 engine *'''CP-328A''' *'''CP-1310''' – '''Super Emeraude''' by Scintex with Continental O-200 (23 built) *'''CP-1315''' – Super Emeraude with Potez 4E engine (17 built) *'''CP-1320''' – '''Saphir''' the Super Emeraude with cabin and wings from Piel Diamant design *'''CP-1330''' – Super Emeraude with Lycoming O-235 engine

===British production=== :'''Garland-Bianchi Linnet''' – design based on the Piel Emeraude with a 90 hp Continental C-90-14F engine, two built.<ref name=JAWA1959-60>{{cite book |title=Jane's all the World's Aircraft 1959-60 |editor1-last=Bridgman |editor1-first=Leonard |year=1959 |publisher=Sampson Low, Marston & Co. Ltd |location=London |page=47 }}</ref> :'''Fairtravel Linnet''' – further production powered by a 100 hp Rolls-Royce Continental O-200-A engines, three built.

==Specifications (Scintex C.P. 301 C1)== {{Aircraft specs |ref=Jane's All The World's Aircraft 1961–62<ref name="jawa61 p66-7">Taylor 1961, pp. 66–67.</ref> |prime units?=met  |genhide=

|perfhide=

|max speed kmh=210–215 |max speed mph= |max speed kts= |max speed mach= |cruise speed kmh=195–200 |cruise speed mph= |cruise speed kts= |cruise speed note=at {{convert|1500|m|ft|abbr=on}} (75% power) |range km=1000 |range miles= |range note=no reserves |ceiling m=4000 |ceiling ft= |climb rate ms= |climb rate ftmin=590 |more performance=

|avionics= }}

==See also== {{aircontent  |see also= |related= |similar aircraft= *Jodel D-11 series *PGK-1 Hirondelle *Nicollier HN-700 Menestrel II |lists= }}

==References== {{reflist}} * {{cite book|last=Taylor|first=John W. R.|title=Jane's All The World's Aircraft 1961–62|year=1961|publisher=Sampson Low, Marston & Co. Ltd.|location=London}} * {{cite book |last= Taylor |first= Michael J. H. |title=Jane's Encyclopedia of Aviation |year=1989 |publisher=Studio Editions |location=London |pages=347, 725 }} * {{cite book |title=Jane's All the World's Aircraft 1987–88 |year=1987 |url=https://archive.org/details/janesallworldsai0000unse |url-access=registration |publisher=Jane's Yearbooks |location=London |pages= [https://archive.org/details/janesallworldsai0000unse/page/585 585]–86}} * {{cite book |last= Simpson |first= R. W. |title=Airlife's General Aviation |year=1995 |publisher=Airlife Publishing |location=Shrewsbury }} * A.J. Jackson, ''British Civil Aircraft since 1919 Volume 2'', 1974, Putnam, London, {{ISBN|0-370-10010-7}}, page 308 and 513

==External links== {{commons category|Piel CP30 Emeraude}} * [http://www.airliners.net/photo/Piel-Emeraude-CP305/1339669/M/ Cockpit picture of a Piel-Emeraude CP305]

Category:1950s French sport aircraft Category:Piel aircraft Category:Homebuilt aircraft Category:Low-wing aircraft Category:Single-engined tractor aircraft Category:Aerobatic aircraft Category:Aircraft first flown in 1954 Category:Aircraft with fixed conventional landing gear Category:Single-engined piston aircraft