{{short description|Scottish biblical scholar (1910–1990)}} {{Use dmy dates|date=June 2014}}{{multiple issues|{{More citations needed|date=August 2022}} {{COI|date=February 2024}}}} {{Infobox academic | name = F. F. Bruce | honorific_suffix = {{post-nominals|country=GBR|FBA|size=100%}} | image = FF Bruce.jpg | caption = | birth_name = Frederick Fyvie Bruce | birth_date = {{birth date|df=yes|1910|10|12}} | birth_place = Elgin, Moray, Scotland | children = | death_date = {{death date and age|df=yes|1990|09|11|1910|10|12}} | death_place = Buxton, Derbyshire, England | title = Rylands Professor of Biblical Criticism and Exegesis at the Victoria University of Manchester | alma_mater = {{unbulleted list | University of Aberdeen | Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge | University of Vienna}} | discipline = Biblical studies | workplaces = {{unbulleted list | University of Edinburgh | University of Leeds | Victoria University of Manchester | University of Sheffield}} }} '''Frederick Fyvie Bruce''' {{post-nominals|country=GBR|FBA}} (12 October 1910 – 11 September 1990) was a Scottish evangelical scholar, author and educator who was Rylands Professor of Biblical Criticism and Exegesis at the University of Manchester from 1959 until 1978. He believed that Evangelicals should not turn their backs on academic methods of Bible study, even if the results might differ from traditional evangelical views. As a result, he has been called the "Dean of Evangelical Scholarship".<ref>{{Cite web |title=Authors: F. F. Bruce |url=https://www.cslewisinstitute.org/resources-category/speakers/ff-bruce/ |website=C. S. Lewis Institute}}</ref>
"The issues which, for Bruce, were non-negotiable," said his biographer Tim Grass, "may be summarized as the reliability of the New Testament, the person and work of Christ, the Christian life as one of forgiveness and liberty as befits those who are being led by the Spirit, and the right and duty of every believer to use whatever gifts God has given them."<ref>{{Cite book |last=Grass |first=Tim |title=F. F. Bruce: A Life |publisher=Paternoster Press |year=2012 |isbn=978-0-8028-6723-0 |location=Milton Keynes, UK}}</ref>
==Early life== Bruce was born in Elgin, Moray, Scotland, in 1910. His father, Peter Fyvie Bruce, was an itinerant evangelist for the Plymouth Brethren.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Larsen |first1=Timothy |last2=Bebbington |first2=David |last3=Noll |first3=Mark A. |title=Biographical Dictionary of Evangelicals |date=2015 |publisher=Inter-Varsity Press |isbn=978-0-85111-987-8 |page=85 |language=en}}</ref> He encouraged his son to think for himself and accept as a biblical doctrine only what he could see for himself in the Bible.
He was encouraged by his family to pursue his education, and was noted for his intellect.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Grass |first=Tim |title=Twentieth Anniversary Lecture, 28 August 2014 |url=https://www.htc.uhi.ac.uk/about-us/our-history/20th-anniversary/ff-bruce-lecture/ |website=Highlands Theological College, University of the Highlands and Islands}}</ref> He studied Latin and Greek at the University of Aberdeen where he won a scholarship in the Classics and received a master's degree.
At Aberdeen, he also met Betty Davidson, who was from a Brethren family, and they married in 1936. They had two children. Their son, Iain, married and became a professor at Memorial University, in St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Chlup |first=James |date= |title=In Altum: Seventy-Five Years of Classical Studies in Newfoundland |journal=Bryn Mawr Classical Review |url=https://bmcr.brynmawr.edu/2003/2003.09.45/}}</ref> And while lecturing at a teacher training college in Uganda, their daughter Sheila married Christopher James Lukabyo.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Lim |first=Anne |date=August 31, 2016 |title=They Came as Refugees. Now They're Giving Back. |url=https://www.eternitynews.com.au/good-news/they-came-as-refugees-now-theyre-giving-back/}}</ref>
After Aberdeen, Bruce studied classics at Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge. He then went to University of Vienna in Austria to study Indo-European philology with Paul Kretschmer and others.
==Career== Although he intended to study for a Ph.D. at Vienna, Bruce took a post as an assistant lecturer in Greek at the University of Edinburgh and then taught Greek at the University of Leeds.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Bruce |first=F.F. |title=In Retrospect |publisher=Marshall Pickering |year=1993 |isbn=978-0-8028-6723-0 |edition=2nd |location=London |pages=96, 98}}</ref> He never earned a doctorate, although he received several honorary doctorates. His increasing focus on biblical studies led, in 1947, to his becoming the first head of a new Department of Biblical History and Literature at Sheffield University.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Grass |first=Tim |title=Twentieth Anniversary Lecture|date=28 August 2014 |url=https://www.htc.uhi.ac.uk/about-us/our-history/20th-anniversary/ff-bruce-lecture/ |website=Highlands Theological College, University of the Highlands and Islands}}</ref> In 1959, he was offered the Rylands Professor of Biblical Criticism and Exegesis at Manchester University, a position he held until his retirement in 1978.
About the time Bruce began at Sheffield, he was also "active in the formation and early development of an evangelical agency seeking to promote academic biblical study, Tyndale House at Cambridge and the associated Tyndale Fellowship for Biblical and Theological Research."<ref>{{Cite web |last=Grass |first=Tim |title=Twentieth Anniversary Lecture|date=28 August 2014 |url=https://www.htc.uhi.ac.uk/about-us/our-history/20th-anniversary/ff-bruce-lecture/ |website=Highland Theological College, University of the Highlands and Islands}}</ref> These were formed in association with Inter Varsity Fellowship (later UCCF, The Christian Unions) and Bruce had a life-long association with this student organization.
==Writings== A prolific author, Bruce wrote nearly sixty books and booklets, hundreds of articles and more than 2,000 book reviews. Early in his career, he edited ''Vine's Expository Dictionary of New Testament Words'' and supervised its publication in one volume from the original four volumes. Later in his career, he was named general editor of the New International Commentary of the New Testament after the death of Ned Stonehouse, the previous editor. He was also editor of the ''Yorkshire Celtic Studies,'' the ''Evangelical Quarterly,'' the ''Journal of the Transactions of the Victoria Institute,'' and the ''Palestine Exploration Quarterly''.
The first book Bruce wrote, ''Are the New Testament Documents Reliable?'' (1943) was "based to a large extent on talks given to students."<ref>{{Cite book |last=Bruce |first=F.F. |title=Are the New Testament Documents Reliable?}}</ref> It was widely read and ''Christianity Today'' named it one of "the top 50 books that have shaped Evangelicals."<ref>{{Cite journal |title=The Top 50 Books That Have Shaped Evangelicals |url=https://www.christianitytoday.com/ct/2006/october/23.51.html |journal=Christianity Today |date=6 October 2006 |volume=October 6, 2006}}</ref>
He wrote commentaries on Habakkuk (in ''The Minor Prophets'', ed. by Thomas Edward McComiskey, Baker, 1992), Matthew, John, Acts (one on the Greek text and one on the English text), Romans, 1 & 2, Corinthians, Galatians, Ephesians, Philippians, Colossians, 1 & 2 Thessalonians, Philemon, Hebrews, and the Epistles of John.
He wrote several history books: ''Israel and the Nations: from the Exodus to the Fall of the Second Temple; New Testament History: Jews, Romans, and the Church;'' and ''The Spreading Flame: The Rise and Progress of Christianity from Its First Beginnings to Eighth-Century England.'' He explained, "I have written as a historian, not as a theologian."<ref>{{Cite book |last=Bruce |first=F.F. |title=New Testament History |publisher=Doubleday |year=1971 |isbn=978-0-385-02533-1 |location=New York, NY |pages=ix}}</ref>
Bruce's ''magnum opus'' (according to ''Theology Today'') was his biography of Paul, published in England as ''Paul: Apostle of the Free Spirit'' and in America as ''Paul: Apostle of the Heart Set Free''. The magazine ''Christian History'' said that aside from the New Testament, "the place to begin (exploring the life of Paul) is F.F. Bruce's ... most readable and engaging biography of Paul." However, Robert Morgan, writing in ''The Journal of Theological Studies'', claimed "a certain uncontroversial flatness about what we are told of Paul's thought."<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Morgan |first=Robert |date=1979 |title=Review of 'Paul: Apostle of the Free Spirit' |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/23961706 |journal=The Journal of Theological Studies |volume=30 |issue=1 |pages=274 |jstor=23961706 }}</ref> Bruce might well agree with Morgan, for, as A.R. Millard said, "Readers of Bruce's extensive writings will look in vain for novel theories or speculative hypotheses spun to exhibit the Author's intellectual caliber, the sort of work that wins momentary acclaim and then is superseded. Rather, his works evaluate evidence and interpretations carefully and honestly in spare yet readable prose, lightened with amusing examples and flashes of dry wit."<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Millard |first=A.R. |date= 1991|title=Frederick Fyvie Bruce 1910–1990 |url=https://doi.org/10.1093/jss/XXXVI.1.1 |journal=Journal of Semitic Studies |volume=XXXVI |issue=1 |pages=1–6|doi=10.1093/jss/XXXVI.1.1 |url-access=subscription }}</ref>
Bruce viewed the New Testament writings as historically reliable and the truth claims of Christianity as hinging on their being so. To Bruce, this did not mean that the Bible was always precise or that this lack of precision could not lead to some confusion. He believed, however, that the passages that were still open to debate were ones that had no substantial bearing on Christian theology and thinking. Bruce's colleague at Manchester, James Barr, considered Bruce a "conservative liberal."<ref>{{Cite book |last=Murray |first=Iain |title=Evangelicalism Divided |publisher=Banner of Truth |year=2000 |isbn=978-0-85151-783-4 |location=Edinburgh |pages=181}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Wenham |first=John |title=Facing Hell: An Autobiography |publisher=Paternoster Press |year=1999 |isbn=978-0-85364-871-0 |location=Carlisle, UK |pages=195}}</ref>
==Honours== Bruce was honoured with two scholarly works by his colleagues and former students, one to mark his 60th birthday in 1970 and the other to mark his 70th birthday in 1980.
''Apostolic History and the Gospel: Biblical and Historical Essays Presented to F.F. Bruce on his 60th Birthday'' (1970) included contributions from E. M. Blaiklock, E. Earle Ellis, I. Howard Marshall, Bruce M. Metzger, William Barclay, G. E. Ladd, A. R. Millard, Leon Morris, Bo Reicke, and Donald Guthrie.
''Pauline Studies: Essays Presented to Professor F.F. Bruce on his 70th Birthday'' (1980) included contributions from Peter T. O'Brien, David Wenham, Ronald E. Clements, and Moisés Silva. C. F. D. Moule and Robert H. Gundry contributed to both volumes.
Bruce was elected a Fellow of the British Academy, and in 1965 served as president of the Society for Old Testament Study,<ref>{{Cite book|title=F. F. Bruce: A Life|last=Grass|first=Tim|publisher=Eerdmans|year=2011|isbn=978-0-8028-6723-0|location=Grand Rapids|pages=229}}</ref> and also as President of the Studiorum Novi Testamenti Societas in 1975. However, "the award that pleased him most," said Alan Millard, "was the honorary D.D. conferred by his ''alma mater'', Aberdeen, in 1957."<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Millard |first=A.R. |title=Frederick Fyvie Bruce 1910-1990 |url=https://academic.oup.com/jss/issue/XXXVI/1 |journal=Journal of Semitic Studies |date=1991 |volume=XXXVI |issue=1 |pages=1–6|doi=10.1093/jss/XXXVI.1.1 |url-access=subscription }}</ref>
==Selected writings== {{Very long section|date=September 2025|nosplit=y}}
===Books=== * {{cite book|author1-last=Bruce |author1-first=F. F. |title=Are the New Testament Documents Reliable? |location=Downers Grove, IL |publisher=InterVarsity Press |date=1943 |oclc=558247493 }} – republished as ''New Testament Documents: Are They Reliable?'' ebook (2018), Kingsley Books, {{ISBN|978-1-912149-30-8}} * {{cite book|author1-last=Bruce |author1-first=F. F. |author1-mask=3 |title=The Hittites and the Old Testament |series=Tyndale Old Testament Lecture, 1947 |location=London |publisher=The Tyndale Press |date=1948 |oclc=18294175 }}<ref>{{cite web |url=https://biblicalstudies.org.uk/pdf/tp/hittites_bruce.pdf |title=The Hittites and the Old Testament |access-date=22 August 2024}}</ref> * {{cite book|author1-last=Bruce |author1-first=F. F. |author1-mask=3 |title=The Books and the Parchments |location=London |publisher=Pickering & Inglis |date=1950 |oclc=767902467 }} ebook (2018), Kingsley Books, {{ISBN|978-1-912149-15-5}} * {{cite book|author1-last=Bruce |author1-first=F. F. |author1-mask=3 |title=The Acts of the Apostles: The Greek Text With Introduction and Commentary |location=London |publisher=Tyndale Press |edition=1st |date=1951 |oclc=555539952 }} * {{cite book|author1-last=Bruce |author1-first=F. F. |author1-mask=3 |title=The Acts of the Apostles: The Greek Text With Introduction and Commentary |location=London |publisher=Tyndale Press |edition=2nd |date=1952 |oclc=555539952 }} * {{cite book|author1-last=Bruce |author1-first=F. F. |author1-mask=3 |title=The Book of the Acts |series=New International Commentary on the New Testament |location=Grand Rapids, MI |publisher=Eerdmans |date=1955 |oclc=36238079 }} * {{cite book|author1-last=Bruce |author1-first=F. F. |author1-mask=3 |title=Second Thoughts on the Dead Sea Scrolls |location=London |publisher=Paternoster Press |date=1956 |oclc=458914633 }}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.biblicalstudies.org.uk/book_dss_bruce.html |title=Second Thoughts on the Dead Sea Scrolls |access-date=11 April 2019 |archive-date=7 February 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200207071941/http://www.biblicalstudies.org.uk/book_dss_bruce.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> ebook (2017), Kingsley Books, {{ISBN|978-1-912149-00-1}} * {{cite book|author1-last=Bruce |author1-first=F. F. |author1-mask=3 |author2-last=Simpson |author2-first=Edmund K. |author2-link=Edmund K. Simpson |title=The Epistles to the Colossians and the Ephesians |series=New International Commentary on the New Testament |location=Grand Rapids, MI |publisher=Eerdmans |date=1957 |oclc=814437503 }} – Bruce wrote the Colossians commentary, and Edmund K. Simpson wrote the Ephesians commentary; see the 1984 replacement below entirely by Bruce. * {{cite book|author1-last=Bruce |author1-first=F. F. |author1-mask=3 |title=The Teacher of Righteousness in the Qumran Texts |series=Tyndale lecture in biblical archaeology, 1956 |location=London |publisher=The Tyndale Press |date=1957 |oclc=316107722 }}<ref>{{cite web |url=https://biblicalstudies.org.uk/pdf/tp/qumran_bruce.pdf |title=The Teacher of Righteousness in the Qumran Texts |access-date=22 August 2024}}</ref> * {{cite book|author1-last=Bruce |author1-first=F. F. |author1-mask=3 |title=The Apostolic Defence of the Gospel |location=London |publisher=Inter-Varsity Press |date=1959 |oclc=752714965 }} Published in the U.S. by Wm. B. Eerdmans as ''The Defense of the Gospel in the New Testament''. A revised edition (1977) published by IVF as ''First-Century Faith: Christian Witness in the New Testament''. ebook (2017) published as ''Defending First-Century Faith'', Kingsley Books, {{ISBN|978-1-912149-07-0}} * {{cite book|author1-last=Bruce |author1-first=F. F. |author1-mask=3 |title=Biblical Exegesis in the Qumran Texts |location=London |publisher=The Tyndale Press |date=1960 |oclc=717014079 }}<ref>{{cite web |url=https://biblicalstudies.org.uk/pdf/tp/qumran-exegesis_bruce.pdf |title=Biblical Exegesis in the Qumran Texts |access-date=22 August 2024}}</ref> * {{cite book|author1-last=Bruce |author1-first=F. F. |author1-mask=3 |title=Paul and his Converts: 1 and 2 Thessalonians, 1 and 2 Corinthians |series=Bible guides |volume=17 |location=Cambridge, UK |publisher=Lutterworth Press |date=1962 |oclc=1070713 }} ebook (2017), Kingsley Books, {{ISBN|978-1-912149-08-7}} * {{cite book|author1-last=Bruce |author1-first=F. F. |author1-mask=3 |title=The English Bible: a history of translations from the earliest English versions to the new English bible |location=London |publisher=Methuen |date=1963 |oclc=247461547}} * {{cite book|author1-last=Bruce |author1-first=F. F. |author1-mask=3 |title=The Epistle of Paul to the Romans: an introduction and commentary |series=Tyndale New Testament Commentaries |location=London |publisher=The Tyndale Press |date=1963 |oclc=923307860 }} * {{cite book|author1-last=Bruce |author1-first=F. F. |author1-mask=3 |title=Israel and the Nations: from the Exodus to the fall of the Second Temple |location=Exeter |publisher=Paternoster Press |date=1963 |isbn=978-0-85364-150-6 |oclc=803956125 }} Revised edition (Paternoster Press, 1983). Third edition revised by David F. Payne, Downers Grove, Illinois: InterVarsity Academic, {{ISBN|978-0-8308-1510-4}}. ebook (2021) Kingsley Books {{ISBN|978-1-912149-39-1}} * {{cite book|author1-last=Bruce |author1-first=F. F. |author1-mask=3 |title=Epistle to the Hebrews |series=New International Commentary on the New Testament |location=Grand Rapids, MI |publisher=Eerdmans |date=1964 |isbn=978-0-8028-2316-8 |oclc=21194883 }} * {{cite book|author1-last=Bruce |author1-first=F. F. |author1-mask=3 |title=An Expanded Paraphrase of the Epistles Of Paul |location=Exeter |publisher=Paternoster Press |date=1965 |oclc=557807782 }} ebook (2017) Kingsley Books {{ISBN|978-1-912149-39-1}} * {{cite book|author1-last=Bruce |author1-first=F. F. |author1-mask=3 |title=The Spreading Flame |series=The Paternoster Church History |volume=1 |location=Exeter |publisher=Paternoster Press |date=1966 |oclc=251857737 }} ebook (2017) Kingsley Books {{ISBN|978-1-912149-11-7}} * {{cite book|author1-last=Bruce |author1-first=F. F. |author1-mask=3 |title=This is That: The New Testament development of some Old Testament themes |location=Exeter |publisher=Paternoster Press |date=1968 |isbn=978-0-85364-086-8 |oclc=839915326}} – (published in the US as ''New Testament Development of Old Testament Themes''). ebook (2017) Kingsley Books {{ISBN|978-1-912149-01-8}} * {{cite book|author1-last=Bruce |author1-first=F. F. |author1-mask=3 |title=New Testament History |location=London |publisher=Oliphants |date=1969 |isbn=978-0-551-00511-2 |oclc=613833907 }} ebooks (2018), Kingsley Books {{ISBN|978-1-912149-14-8}} * {{cite book|author1-last=Bruce |author1-first=F. F. |author1-mask=3 |title=The Epistles of John |location=London |publisher=Pickering & Inglis |date=1970 |isbn=978-0-7208-0052-4 |oclc=148762 }} ebook (2018) Kingsley Books {{ISBN|978-1-912149-29-2}} * {{cite book|author1-last=Bruce |author1-first=F. F. |author1-mask=3 |title=I & II Corinthians |series=New Century Bible |location=London |publisher=Oliphants |date=1971 |isbn=978-0-8028-1839-3 |oclc=865488780 }} * {{cite book|author1-last=Bruce |author1-first=F. F. |author1-mask=3 |title=Answers to Questions |location=Exeter |publisher=Paternoster Press |date=1972 |isbn=0-85364-101-3 |oclc=468662165 }} * {{cite book|author1-last=Bruce |author1-first=F. F. |author1-mask=3 |title=The Message of the New Testament |series=The Christian Student's Library |volume=10 |location=Exeter, UK |publisher=Paternoster |date=1972 |isbn=978-0-85364-128-5 |oclc=751551126 }} ebook (2022) published as ''Discovering the Message of the Bible'' and includes ''The Message of the Old Testament'' by H.L. Ellison, Kingsley Books {{ISBN|978-1-912149-51-3}} * {{cite book|author1-last=Bruce |author1-first=F. F. |author1-mask=3 |title=The 'Secret' Gospel of Mark: The Ethel M. Wood lecture delivered before the University of London on 11 February 1974 |location=London |publisher=The Athlone Press |date=1974 |isbn=978-0-485-14318-8 |oclc=847236667 }}<ref>{{cite web |url=https://biblicalstudies.org.uk/pdf/emwl/mark_bruce.pdf |title=The 'Secret' Gospel of Mark |access-date=22 August 2024}}</ref> * {{cite book|author1-last=Bruce |author1-first=F. F. |author1-mask=3 |title=Jesus and Christian Origins Outside the New Testament |location=London |publisher=Hodder and Stoughton |date=1974 |isbn=978-0-340-15868-5 |oclc=301397862 }} * {{cite book|author1-last=Bruce |author1-first=F. F. |author1-mask=3 |title=Paul: Apostle of The Free Spirit |location=Exeter |publisher=Paternoster Press |date=1977 |isbn=978-0-85364-209-1 |oclc=807386375 }} Published in the US as ''Paul: Apostle of the Heart Set Free''. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans {{ISBN|978-0-8028-3501-7}}. ebook (2021) Kingsley Books {{ISBN|978-1-912149-38-4}} * {{cite book|author1-last=Bruce |author1-first=F. F. |author1-mask=3 |title=History of the Bible in English |location=Oxford, UK |publisher=Oxford University Press |date=1978 |isbn=978-0-19-520087-4 |oclc=1080679374 }} – (3rd edition of "The English Bible", 1963)
* {{cite book|author1-last=Bruce |author1-first=F. F. |author1-mask=3 |title=Men and Movements in the Primitive Church |location=Exeter |publisher=Paternoster Press |date=1979 |isbn=978-0-85364-279-4 |oclc=230045030 }} Published 1980 by Wm. B. Eerdmans as ''Peter, Stephen, James, and John: Studies in Early Non-Pauline Christianity'', {{ISBN|978-0-802835321}}. ebook (2017) Kingsley Books as ''Peter, Stephen, James, and John: Studies in Early Non-Pauline Christianity'' {{ISBN|978-1-912149-18-6}}
* {{cite book|author1-last=Bruce |author1-first=F. F. |author1-mask=3 |title=The Epistle of Paul to the Galatians: a commentary on the Greek text |series=New International Greek Testament Commentary |location=Grand Rapids, MI |publisher=Eerdmans |date=1981 |isbn=978-0-8028-2387-8 |oclc=824666199 }} * {{cite book|author1-last=Bruce |author1-first=F. F. |author1-mask=3 |title=Places they knew: Jesus and Paul |location=London |publisher=Ark |date=1981 |isbn=978-0-86201-110-9 |oclc=778704466 }} – now known as ''Jesus and Paul: Places They Knew'' * {{cite book|author1-last=Bruce |author1-first=F. F. |author1-mask=3 |title=Bible History Atlas |location=New York |publisher=Crossroad |date=1982 |isbn=978-0-8245-0418-2 |oclc=8610749 }} * {{cite book|author1-last=Bruce |author1-first=F. F. |author1-mask=3 |title=1 & 2 Thessalonians |series=Word Biblical Commentary |volume=45 |location=Waco, TX |publisher=Word Books |date=1982 |isbn=978-0-8499-0244-4 |oclc=8808232 }} * {{cite book|author1-last=Bruce |author1-first=F. F. |author1-mask=3 |title=Hard Sayings of Jesus |series=Jesus library |location=London |publisher=Hodder and Stoughton |date=1983 |isbn=978-0-340-27044-8 |oclc=869192514 }} * {{cite book |author1-last=Bruce |author1-first=F. F. |author1-mask=3 |title=The Gospel of John |location=Grand Rapids, MI |publisher=Eerdmans |date=1983 |isbn=978-0-8028-3407-2 |oclc=10923759 |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/gospelofjohn00bruc_0 }} ebook (2018) Kingsley Books, {{ISBN|978-1-912149-28-5}} * {{cite book|author1-last=Bruce |author1-first=F. F. |author1-mask=3 |title=Philippians |series=New International Biblical Commentary |location=Peabody, MA |publisher=Hendrickson |date=1983 |isbn=978-0-943575-15-5 |oclc=808517296 }} * {{cite book|author1-last=Bruce |author1-first=F. F. |author1-mask=3 |title=Places Abraham knew; Places David knew |series=Places they knew |location=London |publisher=Scripture Union |date=1984 |isbn=978-0-86201-111-6 |oclc=12509992 }} – now known as ''Abraham and David: Places They Knew'' * {{cite book |author1-last=Bruce |author1-first=F. F. |author1-mask=3 |title=The Epistles to the Colossians, to Philemon, and to the Ephesians |series=New International Commentary on the New Testament |location=Grand Rapids, MI |publisher=Eerdmans |date=1984 |isbn=978-0-8028-2401-1 |oclc=11043370 |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/epistlestocoloss00bruc_0 }} [This is Bruce's new commentary on Ephesians and Philemon along with a revision of his 1957 commentary from the Simpson and Bruce volume above] * {{cite book|author1-last=Bruce |author1-first=F. F. |author1-mask=3 |title=Jesus: Lord & Savior |location=Downers Grove, IL |publisher=InterVarsity Press |date=1986 |isbn=978-0-87784-932-2 |oclc=1056613843 }} * {{cite book |author1-last=Bruce |author1-first=F. F. |author1-mask=3 |title=The Epistle of Paul to the Romans: an introduction and commentary |series=Tyndale New Testament Commentaries |volume=6 |location=Grand Rapids, MI |publisher=Eerdmans |date=1986 |isbn=978-0-8028-0062-6 |oclc=895415117 |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/letterofpaultoro00bruc }} * {{cite book|author1-last=Bruce |author1-first=F. F. |author1-mask=3 |title=The Canon of Scripture |location=Downers Grove, IL |publisher=InterVarsity Press |date=1988 |isbn=978-0-8308-1258-5 |oclc=690640649 }} * {{cite book |author1-last=Bruce |author1-first=F. F. |author1-mask=3 |title=The Book of the Acts |series=New International Commentary on the New Testament |location=Grand Rapids, MI |publisher=Eerdmans |date=1988 |isbn=978-0-8028-2418-9 |oclc=17620016 |edition=Revised |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/bookofacts00bruc }} * {{cite book|author1-last=Bruce |author1-first=F. F. |author1-mask=3 |title=Epistle to the Hebrews |series=New International Commentary on the New Testament |location=Grand Rapids, MI |publisher=Eerdmans |date=1990 |isbn=978-0-8028-2514-8 |oclc=494366569 |edition=Revised }} * {{cite book|author1-last=Bruce |author1-first=F. F. |author1-mask=3 |title=The Acts of the Apostles: The Greek Text With Introduction and Commentary |location=London |publisher=Apollos |edition=3rd revised & expanded |date=1990 |isbn=978-0-85111-764-5 |oclc=277179500 }} * {{cite book|author1-last=Bruce |author1-first=F. F. |author1-mask=3 |title=A Mind For What Matters: collected essays of F.F. Bruce |location=Grand Rapids, MI |publisher=Eerdmans |date=1990 |isbn=978-0-8028-0446-4 |oclc=21974720 }} * {{cite book|author1-last=Bruce |author1-first=F. F. |author1-mask=3 |author2-last=Kaiser, Jr. |author2-first=Walter C. |author2-link=Walter Kaiser Jr. |author3-last=Davids |author3-first=Peter H. |author3-link=Peter H. Davids |author4-last=Brauch |author4-first=Manfred T. |author4-link=Manfred T. Brauch |title=Hard Sayings of the Bible |location=Downers Grove, IL |publisher=InterVarsity Press |date=1996 |isbn=978-0-8308-1423-7 |oclc=35084532 }}
===Chapters=== * {{cite book|author1-last=Bruce |author1-first=F. F. |author1-mask=3 |chapter=The Speeches In Acts: Thirty Years After |editor1-last=Banks |editor1-first=Robert |editor1-link=Robert J. Banks (theologian) |title=Reconciliation and Hope. New Testament Essays on Atonement and Eschatology Presented to L. L. Morris on his 60th Birthday |location=Carlisle, UK |publisher=The Paternoster Press |date=1974 |pages=53–68 |isbn=978-0-85364-165-0 |oclc=642659439 }}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.biblicalstudies.org.uk/pdf/rh/acts_bruce.pdf |title=The Speeches In Acts: Thirty Years After |access-date=13 March 2019}}</ref> * {{cite book|author1-last=Bruce |author1-first=F. F. |author1-mask=3 |chapter=The Background to the Son of Man Sayings |editor1-last=Rowdon |editor1-first=Harold Hamlyn |editor1-link=Harold Hamlyn Rowdon |title=Christ The Lord, Studies in Christology presented to Donald Guthrie |location=Leicester, UK |publisher=Inter-Varsity Press |date=1982 |isbn=978-0-87784-955-1 |oclc=924929617 |pages=50–70 }}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.biblicalstudies.org.uk/pdf/sonofman_bruce.pdf |title=The Background to the Son of Man Sayings |access-date=13 March 2019 |archive-date=3 March 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303194906/http://www.biblicalstudies.org.uk/pdf/sonofman_bruce.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> * {{cite book|author1-last=Bruce |author1-first=F. F. |author1-mask=3 |chapter=The Curse of the Law |editor1-last=Hooker |editor1-first=Morna Dorothy |editor1-link=Morna Hooker |editor2-last=Wilson |editor2-first=S. G. |editor2-link=S. G. Wilson |title=Paul and Paulinism: Essays in Honour of C. K. Barrett |year=1982 |location=London |publisher=SPCK |isbn=978-0-281-03835-0 |oclc=925051010 |pages=27–36}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.biblicalstudies.org.uk/pdf/law_bruce.pdf |title=The Curse of the Law |access-date=13 March 2019 |archive-date=3 March 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303170814/http://www.biblicalstudies.org.uk/pdf/law_bruce.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref>
===Journal articles=== * {{cite journal|author1-last=Bruce |author1-first=F. F. |author1-mask=3 |title=The Chester Beatty Papyri |journal=The Harvester |volume=11 |date=1934 |pages=163, 164 }}<ref>{{cite web |url=https://biblicalstudies.org.uk/pdf/papyri_bruce.pdf |title=The Chester Beatty Papyri |access-date=13 March 2019 |archive-date=16 May 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110516095559/https://biblicalstudies.org.uk/pdf/papyri_bruce.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> * {{cite journal|author1-last=Bruce |author1-first=F. F. |author1-mask=3 |title=What Do We Mean By Biblical Inspiration? |journal=Journal of the Transactions of the Victoria Institute |volume=78 |date=1946 |pages=121–139 }}<ref>{{cite web |url=https://biblicalstudies.org.uk/pdf/jtvi/inspiration_bruce.pdf |title=What Do We Mean By Biblical Inspiration? |access-date=13 March 2019}}</ref> * {{cite journal|author1-last=Bruce |author1-first=F. F. |author1-mask=3 |title=Colossian Problems: Part 1: Jews and Christians in the Lycus Valley |journal=Bibliotheca Sacra |volume=141 |issue=561 |date=1984 |pages=3–13 }}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://faculty.gordon.edu/hu/bi/Ted_Hildebrandt/NTeSources/NTArticles/BSac-NT/Bruce-ColossianHeresy-Pt1-BS.htm |title=Colossian Problems: Part 1: Jews and Christians in the Lycus Valley |access-date=13 March 2019 |archive-date=4 June 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170604105542/http://faculty.gordon.edu/hu/bi/ted_hildebrandt/NTeSources/NTArticles/BSac-NT/Bruce-ColossianHeresy-Pt1-BS.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> * {{cite journal|author1-last=Bruce |author1-first=F. F. |author1-mask=3 |title=Colossian Problems: Part 2: The 'Christ Hymn' of Colossians 1:15–20 |journal=Bibliotheca Sacra |volume=141 |issue=562 |date=1984 |pages=99–112 }}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://faculty.gordon.edu/hu/bi/Ted_Hildebrandt/NTeSources/NTArticles/BSac-NT/Bruce-ColossianHeresy-Pt2-BS.htm |title=Colossian Problems: Part 2: The 'Christ Hymn' of Colossians 1:15–20 |access-date=13 March 2019 |archive-date=21 September 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210921180209/http://faculty.gordon.edu/hu/bi/ted_hildebrandt/NTeSources/NTArticles/BSac-NT/Bruce-ColossianHeresy-Pt2-BS.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> * {{cite journal|author1-last=Bruce |author1-first=F. F. |author1-mask=3 |title=Colossian Problems: Part 3: The Colossian Heresy |journal=Bibliotheca Sacra |volume=141 |issue=563 |date=1984 |pages=195–206 }}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://faculty.gordon.edu/hu/bi/Ted_Hildebrandt/NTeSources/NTArticles/BSac-NT/Bruce-ColossianHeresy-Pt3-BS.htm |title=Colossian Problems: Part 3: The Colossian Heresy |access-date=13 March 2019 |archive-date=3 June 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170603051037/http://faculty.gordon.edu/hu/bi/ted_hildebrandt/NTeSources/NTArticles/BSac-NT/Bruce-ColossianHeresy-Pt3-BS.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> * {{cite journal|author1-last=Bruce |author1-first=F. F. |author1-mask=3 |title=Colossian Problems: Part 4: Christ as Conqueror and Reconciler |journal=Bibliotheca Sacra |volume=141 |issue=564 |date=1984 |pages=291–301 }}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://faculty.gordon.edu/hu/bi/Ted_Hildebrandt/NTeSources/NTArticles/BSac-NT/Bruce-ColossianHeresy-Pt4-BS.htm |title=Colossian Problems: Part 4: Christ as Conqueror and Reconciler |access-date=13 March 2019 |archive-date=4 June 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170604124154/http://faculty.gordon.edu/hu/bi/ted_hildebrandt/NTeSources/NTArticles/BSac-NT/Bruce-ColossianHeresy-Pt4-BS.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> * {{cite journal|author1-last=Bruce |author1-first=F. F. |author1-mask=3 |title=Luke's Presentation of the Spirit in Acts |journal=Criswell Theological Review |volume=5 |issue=1 |date=1990 |pages=15–29 }}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://faculty.gordon.edu/hu/bi/Ted_Hildebrandt/NTeSources/NTArticles/CTR-NT/Bruce-SpiritInActs-CTR.htm |title=Luke's Presentation of the Spirit in Acts |access-date=13 March 2019 |archive-date=16 August 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110816170054/http://faculty.gordon.edu/hu/bi/Ted_Hildebrandt/NTeSources/NTArticles/CTR-NT/Bruce-SpiritInActs-CTR.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> * {{cite journal|author1-last=Bruce |author1-first=F. F. |author1-mask=3 |title=The Book of Zechariah and the Passion Narrative |journal=Bulletin of the John Rylands Library |volume=43 |issue=2 |date=March 1961 |pages=336–353 |doi=10.7227/BJRL.43.2.4 }} * {{cite journal|author1-last=Bruce |author1-first=F. F. |author1-mask=3 |title=Christianity Under Claudius |journal=Bulletin of the John Rylands Library |volume=44 |issue=1 |date=March 1962 |pages=309–26 |doi=10.7227/BJRL.44.2.3 }} * {{cite journal|author1-last=Bruce |author1-first=F. F. |author1-mask=3 |title=When is a Gospel not a Gospel? |journal=Bulletin of the John Rylands Library |volume=45 |issue=1 |date=March 1963 |pages=319–39 |doi=10.7227/BJRL.45.2.5 }} * {{cite journal|author1-last=Bruce |author1-first=F. F. |author1-mask=3 |title=St. Paul in Rome. 1. |journal=Bulletin of the John Rylands Library |volume=46 |issue=2 |date=March 1964 |pages=326–45 |doi=10.7227/BJRL.46.2.4 }} * {{cite journal|author1-last=Bruce |author1-first=F. F. |author1-mask=3 |title=St. Paul in Rome. 2. The Epistle to Philemon |journal=Bulletin of the John Rylands Library |volume=48 |issue=1 |date=Autumn 1965 |pages=81–97 |doi=10.7227/BJRL.48.1.5 }} * {{cite journal|author1-last=Bruce |author1-first=F. F. |author1-mask=3 |title=St Paul in Rome. 3. The Epistle to the Colossians |journal=Bulletin of the John Rylands Library |volume=48 |issue=2 |date=Spring 1966 |pages=268–285 |doi=10.7227/BJRL.48.2.3 }} * {{cite journal|author1-last=Bruce |author1-first=F. F. |author1-mask=3 |title=St. Paul in Rome. 4. The Epistle to the Ephesians |journal=Bulletin of the John Rylands Library |volume=49 |issue=2 |date=Spring 1967 |pages=303–322 }} * {{cite journal|author1-last=Bruce |author1-first=F. F. |author1-mask=3 |title=St, Paul in Rome. 5. Concluding Observations |journal=Bulletin of the John Rylands Library |volume=50 |issue=2 |date=Spring 1968 |pages=262–279 |doi=10.7227/BJRL.50.2.3 }} * {{cite journal|author1-last=Bruce |author1-first=F. F. |author1-mask=3 |title=Galatian Problems. 1. Autobiographical Data |journal=Bulletin of the John Rylands Library |volume=51 |issue=2 |date=Spring 1969 |pages=292–309 |doi=10.7227/BJRL.51.2.3 }} * {{cite journal|author1-last=Bruce |author1-first=F. F. |author1-mask=3 |title=Galatian Problems. 2. North or South Galatians? |journal=Bulletin of the John Rylands Library |volume=52 |issue=2 |date=Spring 1970 |pages=243–266 |doi=10.7227/BJRL.52.2.2 }} * {{cite journal|author1-last=Bruce |author1-first=F. F. |author1-mask=3 |title=Galatian Problems. 3. The 'Other' Gospel |journal=Bulletin of the John Rylands Library |volume=53 |issue=2 |date=Spring 1971 |pages=253–271 |doi=10.7227/BJRL.53.2.2 }} * {{cite journal|author1-last=Bruce |author1-first=F. F. |author1-mask=3 |title=Galatian Problems. 4. The Date of the Epistle |journal=Bulletin of the John Rylands Library |volume=54 |issue=2 |date=Spring 1972 |pages=250–267 |doi=10.7227/BJRL.54.2.2 }} * {{cite journal|author1-last=Bruce |author1-first=F. F. |author1-mask=3 |title=Galatian Problems. 5. Galatians and Christian Origins |journal=Bulletin of the John Rylands Library |volume=55 |issue=2 |date=Spring 1973 |pages=264–284 }} * {{cite journal|author1-last=Bruce |author1-first=F. F. |author1-mask=3 |title=Paul and the Historical Jesus |journal=Bulletin of the John Rylands Library |volume=56 |date=1974 |issue=2 |pages=317–335 |doi=10.7227/BJRL.56.2.4 }} * {{cite journal|author1-last=Bruce |author1-first=F. F. |author1-mask=3 |title=Paul and the Law of Moses |journal=Bulletin of the John Rylands Library |volume=57 |issue=2 |date=Spring 1975 |pages=259–279 |doi=10.7227/BJRL.57.2.2 }} * {{cite journal|author1-last=Bruce |author1-first=F. F. |author1-mask=3 |title=Is the Paul of Acts the Real Paul? |journal=Bulletin of the John Rylands Library |volume=58 |date=1975–76 |pages=282–305 }} * {{cite journal|author1-last=Bruce |author1-first=F. F. |author1-mask=3 |title=Christ and Spirit in Paul |journal=Bulletin of the John Rylands Library |volume=59 |issue=1 |date=Autumn 1977 |pages=259–285 |doi=10.7227/BJRL.59.2.2 }} * {{cite journal|author1-last=Bruce |author1-first=F. F. |author1-mask=3 |title=St. John At Ephesus |journal=Bulletin of the John Rylands Library |volume=60 |issue=2 |date=Spring 1978 |pages=339–361 |doi=10.7227/BJRL.60.2.4 }} * {{cite journal|author1-last=Bruce |author1-first=F. F. |author1-mask=3 |title=St. Paul in Macedonia |journal=Bulletin of the John Rylands Library |volume=61 |issue=2 |date=1979 |pages=337–354 |doi=10.7227/BJRL.61.2.5 }} * {{cite journal|author1-last=Bruce |author1-first=F. F. |author1-mask=3 |title=St. Paul In Macedonia: 2. The Thessalonian Correspondence |journal=Bulletin of the John Rylands Library |volume=62 |issue=2 |date=Spring 1980 |pages=328–345 |doi=10.7227/BJRL.62.2.5 }} * {{cite journal|author1-last=Bruce |author1-first=F. F. |author1-mask=3 |title=St. Paul in Macedonia: 3. The Philippian Correspondence |journal=Bulletin of the John Rylands Library |volume=63 |issue=2 |date=Spring 1981 |pages=260–284 |doi=10.7227/BJRL.63.2.2 }} * {{cite journal|author1-last=Bruce |author1-first=F. F. |author1-mask=3 |title=Acts of the Apostles To-Day |journal=Bulletin of the John Rylands Library |volume=65 |issue=1 |date=Autumn 1982 |pages=36–56 |doi=10.7227/BJRL.65.1.3 }} * {{cite journal|author1-last=Bruce |author1-first=F. F. |author1-mask=3 |title=Some Thoughts on the Beginning of the New Testament Canon |journal=Bulletin of the John Rylands Library |volume=65 |issue=2 |date=Spring 1983 |pages=37–60 |doi=10.7227/BJRL.65.2.3 }} * {{cite journal|author1-last=Bruce |author1-first=F. F. |author1-mask=3 |title=Paul and 'The Powers That Be' |journal=Bulletin of the John Rylands Library |volume=66 |issue=2 |date=Spring 1984 |pages=78–96 |doi=10.7227/BJRL.66.2.4 }} * {{cite journal|author1-last=Bruce |author1-first=F. F. |author1-mask=3 |title=The Church of Jerusalem in the Acts of the Apostles |journal=Bulletin of the John Rylands Library |volume=67 |issue=2 |date=Spring 1985 |pages=641–661 |doi=10.7227/BJRL.67.2.5 }} * {{cite journal|author1-last=Bruce |author1-first=F. F. |author1-mask=3 |title=Chronological Questions in the Acts of the Apostles |journal=Bulletin of the John Rylands Library |volume=68 |issue=2 |date=Spring 1986 |pages=273–295 |doi=10.7227/BJRL.68.2.2 }} * {{cite journal|author1-last=Bruce |author1-first=F. F. |author1-mask=3 |title=Paul's Apologetic and the Purpose of Acts |journal=Bulletin of the John Rylands Library |volume=69 |issue=2 |date=Spring 1987 |pages=379–393 |doi=10.7227/BJRL.69.2.4 }}
== Further reading == * W. Ward Gasque & Ralph P. Martin (eds). ''Apostolic History and the Gospel: Biblical and Historical Essays Presented to F. F. Bruce on his 60th Birthday.'' Exeter: Paternoster; Grand Rapids, MI: William B. Eerdmans, 1970. {{ISBN|0-85364-098-X}} * D. A. Hagner & M. J. Harris (eds). ''Pauline Studies: Essays Presented to F. F. Bruce.'' Exeter: Paternoster; Grand Rapids, MI: William B. Eerdmans, 1980. {{ISBN|0-8028-3531-7}} * F. F. Bruce. ''In Retrospect: Remembrance of Things Past.'' Revised edition. Grand Rapids: Baker, 1993. {{ISBN|0-8010-1055-1}}. ebook (2017) Kingsley Books, {{ISBN|978-1-912149-16-2}} * Tim Grass. ''F.F. Bruce: a Life.'' Grand Rapids, MI; Cambridge, UK: William B. Eerdmans, 2012. {{ISBN|978-0-8028-6723-0}}
== References == {{reflist}} ==External links== * [https://www.ffbruce.org F.F. Bruce Copyright International] * [http://www.theologicalstudies.org.uk/pdf/cbr/elder_pickering.pdf FF Bruce as a Fellow-Elder by Arnold Pickering] * [https://archiveshub.jisc.ac.uk/manchesteruniversity/data/gb133-ffb F.F. Bruce Papers] at the University of Manchester Library
{{s-start}} {{s-aca}} {{s-bef|before=Thomas Walter Manson}} {{s-ttl|title=Rylands Professor of Biblical Criticism|years=1959–1978}} {{s-aft|after=Barnabas Lindars}} {{s-end}}
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Bruce, Frederick Fyvie}} Category:1910 births Category:1990 deaths Category:20th-century Scottish male writers Category:20th-century British non-fiction writers Category:20th-century Christian biblical scholars Category:20th-century evangelicals Category:British academic journal editors Category:Academics of the University of Edinburgh Category:Academics of the University of Leeds Category:Academics of the University of Sheffield Category:Academics of the Victoria University of Manchester Category:Alumni of Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge Category:Alumni of the University of Aberdeen Category:Bible commentators Category:Scottish biblical scholars Category:British Evangelical writers Category:British male non-fiction writers Category:British Plymouth Brethren Category:British religious writers Category:Christian apologists Category:Editors of Christian publications Category:Fellows of the British Academy Category:John Rylands Research Institute and Library Category:New Testament scholars Category:People from Elgin, Moray Category:Presidents of the Society for Old Testament Study Category:Scottish evangelicals Category:University of Vienna alumni Category:20th-century British biblical scholars