{{short description|Translated passages of the Babylonian Talmud}} {{italic title}} {{EngvarB|date=July 2022}} {{Use dmy dates|date=July 2022}}
[[File:Paris, Bibliothèque nationale de France, MS lat. 16558, fol. 16r.png|thumb|upright|A page from a 13th-century copy of the ''Extractiones'']]
The '''''Extractiones de Talmud''''' is a collection of passages from the [[Babylonian Talmud]] translated from [[Mishnaic Hebrew|Hebrew]] and [[Jewish Babylonian Aramaic|Aramaic]] into [[Medieval Latin|Latin]] in 1244–1245.{{sfn|Fidora|Hasselhoff|2019|p=7}}{{sfn|Fidora|2014|p=338}} It is the earliest substantial translation of any part of the Talmud into Latin and the largest collection of Latin Talmudic excerpts.{{sfn|Fidora|2014|p=338}}
Around 1238, [[Nicholas Donin]], a Jewish convert to Christianity, first translated some excerpts as part of his 35 criticisms of the Talmud that he submitted to [[Pope Gregory IX]] in 1239.{{sfn|Fidora|Hasselhoff|2019|p=7}}{{sfn|Fidora|2014|p=338}} One result of this effort was the [[Disputation of Paris]] (1240), after which the Talmud was condemned and thousands of copies ultimately burned (1242).{{sfn|Fidora|2014|p=338}} [[Pope Innocent IV]], who came to the throne in 1243, initiated a review of the case against the Talmud.{{sfn|Fidora|Hasselhoff|2019|p=7}} Commissioned by [[Odo of Châteauroux]], the [[Dominican Order|Dominicans]] of the [[Couvent des Jacobins de la rue Saint-Jacques|convent of Saint-Jacques]] in Paris began a partial translation of the Talmud (among other Jewish writings).{{sfn|Fidora|Hasselhoff|2019|p=7}}{{sfn|Resnick|2020|p=187}}
The resulting ''Extractiones de Talmud'', completed in 1245, contains 1,922 excerpts.{{sfn|Fidora|Hasselhoff|2019|p=7}} There are two surviving versions with different arrangements of the excerpts. The "sequential" version arranges the excerpts in the same order in which they appear in the Talmud. The "thematic" version arranges them by subject under polemical [[rubric]]s. There are separate prologues for each version.{{sfn|Resnick|2020|p=187}} There are a total of ten manuscript copies of the ''Extractiones''.{{sfn|Fidora|Hasselhoff|2019|p=7}} The most important copy is Paris, [[Bibliothèque nationale de France]], MS lat. 16558 from the 13th century.{{sfn|Fidora|2014|p=338}}{{sfn|Fidora|2015|p=17}}
The ''Extractiones'' contains much more of the Talmud than either Donin's short work or the ''Pugio fidei'' of [[Ramon Martí]], which also contains independently translated excerpts.{{sfn|Fidora|Hasselhoff|2019|p=7}}
==Editions== *{{cite book |title=Extractiones de Talmud per ordinem sequentialem |editor-first1=Ulisse |editor-last1=Cecini |editor-first2=Óscar Luis de la |editor-last2=Cruz Palma |series=Corpus Christianorum Continuatio Mediaevalis 291 |year=2018 |publisher=Brepols}}
==Notes== {{reflist}}
==Bibliography== {{refbegin}} *{{cite journal |first=Alexander |last=Fidora |title=The Latin Talmud and Its Influence on Christian–Jewish Polemic |journal=Journal of Transcultural Medieval Studies |year=2014 |volume=1 |issue=2 |pages=337–342 |doi=10.1515/jtms-2014-0030|s2cid=147021902 |url=https://ddd.uab.cat/record/148909 }} *{{cite journal |first=Alexander |last=Fidora |title=The Latin Talmud and Its Translators: Nicholas Donin vs. Thibaud de Sézanne? |journal=Henoch |volume=37 |issue=1 |year=2015 |pages=17–28 |url=https://www.academia.edu/download/39116963/Henoch_Fidora.pdf}} *{{cite journal |first=Federico |last=Dal Bo |title=A Priest’s “Uncircumcised Heart.” Some Theological-Political Remarks on a Rashi’s Gloss in tractate Sanhedrin and its Latin translation in Extractiones de Talmud |journal=U.Cecini – E. Vernet i Pons (Eds), Studies on the Latin Talmud, Bellaterra: Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2017 |pages=129-144}} *{{cite journal |first=Federico |last=Dal Bo |title=Talmudic Angelology and the Tosafists: On Metatron in the Latin Translation of Tractates Sanhedrin and Avodah Zarah |journal=Jewish Studies Quarterly|year=2018 |volume= 25 |issue=2 |pages=42-61}} *{{cite journal |first=Federico |last=Dal Bo |title=Hebrew and Aramaic Terms in the ‘Extractiones de Talmud.’ Some Remarks on a Thirteenth-Century Latin Translation of the Talmud |journal=Journal of Transcultural Medieval Studies|year=2018 |volume= 5 |issue=2 |pages=241-260}} *{{cite journal |first=Federico |last=Dal Bo |title=Jesus’ Punishment in Hell in the Latin Translation of the Babylonian Talmud. A Passage from Tractate Gittin in the Extractiones de Talmud |journal=Henoch|year=2018 |volume= 40 |issue=1 |pages=165-195}} *{{cite journal |first=Federico |last=Dal Bo |title=Jesus’ Trial In The Latin Talmud. Tractate Sanhedrin and its Translation in the Extractiones de Talmud |journal=Henoch|year=2018 |volume= 41 |issue=1 |pages=140-176}} *{{cite journal |first=Federico |last=Dal Bo |title=Inicium Creationis Iesu Nazareni.’ Toledot Yeshu in the Thematic Version of the Extractiones de Talmud |journal=Henoch|year=2018 |volume= 40 |issue=1 |pages=206-222}} *{{cite book |editor-first1=Alexander |editor-last1=Fidora |editor-first2=Görge |editor-last2=Hasselhoff |title=The Talmud in Dispute During the High Middle Ages |publisher=Servei de Publicacions de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona |year=2019 |url=https://www.academia.edu/41337373}} *{{cite journal |first=Federico |last=Dal Bo |title=Textualizing, De-Textualizing, and Re-Textualizing the Talmud. The Dimension of Text in the Extractiones de Talmud, |journal=A. Fidora – G.K. Hasselhoff (eds.), The Talmud in Dispute During the High Middle Ages, Bellaterra, Servei de Publicacions de la UAB, 2019 |pages=101-124}} *{{cite journal |first=Irven M. |last=Resnick |title=Review of Cecini & Cruz Palma 2018 |journal=Revista Española de Filosofía Medieval |volume=27 |issue=2 |year=2020 |pages=184–191 |doi=10.21071/refime.v27i2.13132|s2cid=234389249 |doi-access=free}}
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[[Category:1245 works]] [[Category:Talmud versions and translations]] [[Category:Translations into Latin]]