Zygogynum

{{Short description|Genus of flowering plants}} {{Automatic taxobox |image = Glossy leaf tree Lord Howe Island.jpg |image_caption = ''Zygogynum howeanum'' |taxon = Zygogynum |authority = Baill.{{R|POWO}} |subdivision_ranks = Species |subdivision = |synonyms = *''Belliolum'' Tiegh. *''Bubbia'' Tiegh. *''Exospermum'' Tiegh. *''Tetrathalamus'' Lauterb. |synonyms_ref = {{R|POWO}} |type_species = Zygogynum vieillardii |type_species_authority = Baill. {{R|IPNI}} }}

'''''Zygogynum''''' is a genus of plants in the family Winteraceae with 47 species {{As of|2024|10|lc=y}}. They are native to areas from Borneo through New Guinea and Queensland to New Caledonia, with 22 species in New Guinea. Initially, the genus was thought to be endemic to New Caledonia, but in 1985 Willem Vink transferred the related genera ''Bubbia'' and ''Exospermum'' to ''Zygogynum'', thus extending the range westward.{{R|VINK}} More recently, new species have been identified and described which again extends the range of the genus such that it now includes Borneo.{{R|UTTERIDGE}} It is one of the few angiosperm genera in which the wood lacks xylem vessels.{{R|WATSON}}

==Description== Plants in this genus are evergreen shrubs or small trees, leaves are alternate, undivided, and hairless; they may have a peppery taste. Inflorescences are terminal and have 1–150 flowers. Petals number from 4 to 30, stamens from 3 to 370, carpels from 1 to 50.{{R|KUBITZKI}}{{rp|637}}{{R|FFPA}}

==Distribution and habitat== The genus occurs in Borneo, the Maluku Islands, New Guinea, the Bismarck Archipelago, Solomon Islands, Norfolk Island, and the Australian state of Queensland. They occupy wet forests at altitudes from sea level to {{cvt|3600|m}}.{{R|POWO|KUBITZKI}}{{rp|637}}

==Species== {{As of|2024|10}}, Plants of the World Online recognises the following 47 species:{{R|POWO}}

{{Columns-list|colwidth=24em| *''Zygogynum acsmithii'' {{small|Vink}} *''Zygogynum amplexicaule'' {{small|(Vieill. ex P.Parm.) Vink}} *''Zygogynum archboldianum'' {{small|(A.C.Sm.) Vink}} *''Zygogynum argenteum'' {{small|(A.C.Sm.) Vink}} *''Zygogynum baillonii'' {{small|Tiegh.}} *''Zygogynum bicolor'' {{small|Tiegh.}} *''Zygogynum bosavicum'' {{small|Vink}} *''Zygogynum bullatum'' {{small|(Diels) Vink}} *''Zygogynum calophyllum'' {{small|(A.C.Sm.) Vink}} *''Zygogynum calothyrsum'' {{small|(Diels) Vink}} *''Zygogynum clemensiae'' {{small|(A.C.Sm.) Vink}} *''Zygogynum comptonii'' {{small|(Baker f.) Vink}} *''Zygogynum crassifolium'' {{small|(Baill.) Vink}} *''Zygogynum cristatum'' {{small|Vink}} *''Zygogynum cruminatum'' {{small|Vink}} *''Zygogynum cyclopensis'' {{small|Vink}} *''Zygogynum fraterculus'' {{small|Vink}} *''Zygogynum haplopus'' {{small|(B.L.Burtt) Vink}} *''Zygogynum howeanum'' {{small|(F.Muell.) Vink}} *''Zygogynum ledermannii'' {{small|(Diels) Vink}} *''Zygogynum longifolium'' {{small|(A.C.Sm.) Vink}} *''Zygogynum mackeei'' {{small|Vink}} *''Zygogynum megacarpum'' {{small|(A.C.Sm.) Vink}} *''Zygogynum moluccanum'' {{small|Utteridge & Rustiami}} *''Zygogynum montanum'' {{small|(Lauterb.) Vink}} *''Zygogynum oligocarpum'' {{small|(Schltr.) Vink}} *''Zygogynum oligostigma'' {{small|Vink}} *''Zygogynum pachyanthum'' {{small|(A.C.Sm.) Vink}} *''Zygogynum pancheri'' {{small|(Baill.) Vink}} *''Zygogynum pauciflorum'' {{small|(Baker f.) Vink}} *''Zygogynum polyneurum'' {{small|(Diels) Vink}} *''Zygogynum pomiferum'' {{small|Baill.}} *''Zygogynum queenslandianum'' {{small|(Vink) Vink}} *''Zygogynum schlechteri'' {{small|(Guillaumin) Vink}} *''Zygogynum schramii'' {{small|Vink}} *''Zygogynum semecarpoides'' {{small|(F.Muell.) Vink}} *''Zygogynum sororium'' {{small|(Diels) Vink}} *''Zygogynum staufferianum'' {{small|Vink}} *''Zygogynum stipitatum'' {{small|Baill.}} *''Zygogynum sundaicum'' {{small|Utteridge}} *''Zygogynum sylvestre'' {{small|(A.C.Sm.) Vink}} *''Zygogynum tanyostigma'' {{small|Vink}} *''Zygogynum tieghemii'' {{small|Vink}} *''Zygogynum umbellatum'' {{small|(Ridl.) Vink}} *''Zygogynum vieillardii'' {{small|Baill.}} *''Zygogynum vinkii'' {{small|F.B.Sampson}} *''Zygogynum whitmoreanum'' {{small|Vink}} }}

==References== {{Reflist|28em|refs= <ref name="POWO">{{cite web |url=https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:327060-2 |title=''Zygogynum'' Baill. |website=Plants of the World Online |publisher=Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew |year=2024 |access-date=22 October 2024}}</ref>

<ref name="VINK">{{cite journal |last=Vink |first=Willem |title=The Winteraceae of the Old World. V. ''Exospermum'' links ''Bubbia'' to ''Zygogynum'' |journal=Blumea: Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants |volume=31 |issue=1 |pages=39–55 |url=https://repository.naturalis.nl/pub/525196/BLUM1985031001002.pdf }}</ref>

<ref name="UTTERIDGE">{{cite journal |last1=Utteridge |first1=T.M.A. |last2=Rustiami |first2=H. |title=Out of New Guinea? Two new species of ''Zygogynum'' (Winteraceae) extend the genus west of Lydekker's and Wallace's Lines |journal=Kew Bulletin |date=2022 |volume=77 |issue=3 |pages=759–771 |doi=10.1007/s12225-022-10041-4|doi-access=free }}</ref>

<ref name="KUBITZKI">{{cite book |editor1-last=Kubitzki |editor1-first=K. |editor2-last=Rohwer |editor2-first=J.G. |editor3-last=Bittrich |editor3-first=V. |title=The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants |date=1993 |publisher=Springer-Verlag |location=Berlin |isbn=978-3-642-08141-5 |doi=10.1007/978-3-662-02899-5 |volume=II - Flowering Plants·Dicotyledons, Magnoliid, Hamamelid and Caryophyllid Families}}</ref>

<ref name="FFPA">{{cite web |last1=Thiele |first1=K.R. |last2=Adams |first2=L.G. |title=Winteraceae |url=https://keys.lucidcentral.org/keys/v3/FFPA/key/FFPA/Media/Html/Winteraceae.htm |website=Families of Flowering Plants of Australia |access-date=22 October 2024}}</ref>

<ref name="IPNI">{{cite web |url=https://www.ipni.org/n/327060-2 |title=''Zygogynum'' Baill., Adansonia 7: 298 (1867) |website=International Plant Names Index (IPNI) |publisher=Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew |year=2025 |access-date=13 June 2025}}</ref>

<ref name="WATSON">{{cite book |last1=Watson |first1=L. |last2=Dallwitz |first2=M.J. |title=The Families of Flowering Plants: Descriptions, Illustrations, Identification, and Information Retrieval |date=1992 |url=https://www-archiv.fdm.uni-hamburg.de/b-online/delta/angio/www/winterac.htm |chapter=Winteraceae Lindl. |access-date=2025-08-19 }}</ref>  }}

Category:Zygogynum Category:Taxonomy articles created by Polbot Category:Taxa named by Henri Ernest Baillon Category:Flora of the Australasian realm Category:Canellales genera