{{Short description|Cyclonic northeast wind in the Mediterranean}} {{for|the stone frigate called ''HMS'' Euroclydon|Fort Verdala}} {{Multiple issues| {{Dictionary definition|date=October 2024}} {{more citations needed|date=September 2014}} }}
'''Euroclydon''' (or in {{langx|la|Euroaquilo}}) is a cyclonic tempestuous northeast wind which blows in the Mediterranean, mostly in autumn and winter. It is the modern Gregalia (Gregale) or Levanter. The name "Euroclydon" comes from two classical roots:
* the {{langx|grc|label=Ancient Greek word|translit=eurokludōn|εὐροκλύδων}}, from {{lang|grc-Latn|Euros}} ({{lang|la|Eurus}}, meaning 'east wind') * either: ** an Ancient Greek word: {{lang|grc-Latn|akulōn}} or {{lang|grc-Latn|akylōn}}, meaning 'north wind'); or {{lang | grc-Latn | kludon}}, referring to a surging wave (from the verb {{lang | grc-Latn | kluzo}} meaning 'to billow') ** or the {{langx|la|label=Latin word|aquilō}} ({{lang|la|aquilon}})
Although the Greek word is translated "northeaster" in many English Bibles,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Acts 27:14 - The Storm at Sea |url=https://biblehub.com/acts/27-14.htm |access-date=2025-10-10 |website=Bible Hub}}</ref> Euroclydon is not to be confused with the term "nor'easter", a type of extratropical cyclone affecting Atlantic coastal regions of the United States and Canada.
== Notable references == * In chapter 27 in the Book of Acts 27:14 it may specifically refer to the name of the Gregale wind from the Adriatic Gulf, which wrecked the apostle Paul's ship on the coast of Malta on his way to Rome.<ref>"But not long after there arose against it a tempestuous wind, called Euroclydon."{{bibleverse||Acts|27:14|KJV}} (King James Version) However, later versions, such as the Revised Version, render the Greek word as ''Euraquilo''.</ref> * It is referenced in the second chapter of ''Moby-Dick''. *''Euroclydon'' is also the name of an anthem by William Billings *Referenced in "The Roman Centurion's Song" by Rudyard Kipling: "Here where our stiff-necked British oaks confront Euroclydon!" *Referenced in Henry Wadsworth Longfellow's poem "Midnight Mass for the Dying Year".<ref>{{cite web | url=https://poets.org/poem/midnight-mass-dying-year?mc_cid=7a5091595c&mc_eid=0edb90ee83 | title=Midnight Mass for the Dying Year by Henry Wadsworth Longfellow - Poems | Academy of American Poets }}</ref> *Referenced in Dorothy L. Sayers' novel ''The Nine Tailors'' <ref>{{cite book |last=Sayers |first=Dorothy L |date=1934|edition=1948 |title=The Nine Tailors |location=London |publisher=Victor Gollancz |page=226}}</ref> where after a rainstorm, the Rector uses [http://www.sacred-texts.com/bib/kjv/act027.htm#014 the phrase from Acts 27:14]
==References== {{Reflist}}
== Sources == * [http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Euroclydon Wiktionary article on Euroclydon] * [http://www.online-literature.com/melville/mobydick/3/ Moby Dick Chapter 2]
Category:Winds Category:Acts of the Apostles
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