{{Short description|none}} {{Multiple issues| {{update|date=November 2010}} {{Lead too short|date=March 2026}} }} <!-- "none" is preferred when the title is already sufficiently detailed; see [[WP:SDNONE]] --> [[File:Taiwan CIA map updated.jpg|thumb|upright=1.5|alt=Political map of Taiwan|Map of Taiwan]] [[File:Electricity production by source, Taiwan 1985-2024.png|thumb|2024 TWh: Gas 124, Coal 115, Solar 15, Nuclear 12]] [[File:Energy consumption by source, Taiwan.svg|thumb|Energy consumption by source, Taiwan]]
In 2024, 83.2% of [[Taiwan]]'s 288 TWh electricity generation came from fossil fuels (42.4% natural gas, 39.3% coal), 4.2% from nuclear, 11.6% from renewables, and 1.1% from [[Pumped-storage hydroelectricity|pumped-storage]].<ref>{{Cite news |last=Kuo |first=Chien-shen |last2=Wang |first2=Yang-yu |last3=Chao |first3=Yen-hsiang |date=2025-04-29 |title=Taiwan nuclear power phaseout to push fossil fuel use higher: MOEA |url=https://focustaiwan.tw/politics/202504290021 |access-date=2025-05-01 |work=[[Focus Taiwan]]}}</ref> [[Taiwan]] relies on imports for almost 98% of its energy,<ref name="pge">{{cite web |title=【綠能知識庫】台灣能源情勢懶人包｜認識台灣能源政策、能源比例與再生能源現況 |url=https://blog.pgesolar.com.tw/2021/02/25/%E5%8F%B0%E7%81%A3%E8%83%BD%E6%BA%90 |website=PGE Solar|date=25 February 2021 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.eia.gov/international/overview/country/TWN |title=International - U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA)|website=www.eia.gov}}</ref> which leaves the island's energy supply vulnerable to external disruption. In order to reduce this dependence, the [[Ministry of Economic Affairs (Republic of China)|Ministry of Economic Affairs]]' Bureau of Energy has been actively promoting [[energy research]] at [[List of universities in Taiwan|several universities]] since the 1990s.
==Nuclear energy== [[File:台湾第四原子力発電所.jpg|thumb|[[Longmen Nuclear Power Plant]] in [[Gongliao District]], Taiwan.]] {{excerpt|Nuclear power in Taiwan}}
Taiwan’s energy transition has caused concern about the country's long-term energy security. As of 2024, imports make up over 97% of Taiwan’s energy needs.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-01-10 |title=Taiwan - Electric Power Equipment (ELP) and Energy |url=https://www.trade.gov/country-commercial-guides/taiwan-electric-power-equipment-elp-and-energy |access-date=2025-06-12 |website=www.trade.gov |language=en}}</ref> Public opinion on nuclear energy in Taiwan remains relatively divided. In 2021, a [[Referendum|national referendum]] rejected a proposal to restart construction at the [[Lungmen Nuclear Power Plant|Lungmen (Fourth Nuclear) plant]]. In 2025, polling from the {{ill|Taiwanese Public Opinion Foundation|zh|台灣民意教育基金會}} found that 73.6 percent of respondents supported the extension of nuclear power plant operations, reflecting changing attitudes amid energy concerns.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-02-18 |title=Poll shows 73% support nuclear plant extension: KMT - Taipei Times |url=https://www.taipeitimes.com/News/taiwan/archives/2025/02/18/2003832075 |access-date=2025-06-12 |website=www.taipeitimes.com}}</ref>
==Liquefied natural gas== The annual output of [[liquefied natural gas]] (LNG) from exploration and production within Taiwan is 350-400 million m<sup>3</sup>. While on the other hand, Taiwan imported 18.4 billion m<sup>3</sup> of LNG, the fifth largest LNG importer in the world, primarily from [[Qatar]], [[Malaysia]] and [[Indonesia]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://focustaiwan.tw/news/aeco/201510250017.aspx|title=Oil expected from Chad as Taiwan strives for energy self-sufficiency - Economics - FOCUS TAIWAN - CNA ENGLISH NEWS|date=25 October 2015 }}</ref> LNG-fired power plants in Taiwan produce electricity at a cost of NT$3.91/kWh, more than the electricity cost charged to the customers.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://topics.amcham.com.tw/2015/09/is-renewable-energy-the-way-forward-for-taiwan/|title=Is Renewable Energy the Way Forward for Taiwan? - Taiwan Business TOPICS|date=15 September 2015}}</ref>
The [[Democratic Progressive Party]] Government of the [[Republic of China]] under [[Chen Shui-bian]] was elected in early 2000 promising to approve only [[liquefied natural gas]] power projects in the future, and to increase the share of liquefied natural gas of Taiwan's power generation to roughly one-third by 2010. President Chen's administration tried to stop the 2,600 MW [[Longmen Nuclear Power Plant]], currently under construction, but a court has ruled the construction could not be aborted.
In January 2013, [[China National Offshore Oil Corporation]] (CNOOC) and [[Shinfox]] signed an agreement to supply Kinmen with [[liquefied natural gas]] (LNG) from [[Mainland China]]. The delivery of LNG is expected to be started in early 2015 to industrial companies. At a later stage, the supply will be increased up to 100,000 tonnes per year to include power plants and households. The agreement was witnessed by [[Environmental Protection Administration (Republic of China)|Minister of Environmental Protection Administration]] [[Stephen Shen]]. Shen said that the cooperation is helpful to help Taiwan in realizing Kinmen to be a tourism-focused low-carbon county.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wantchinatimes.com/news-subclass-cnt.aspx?id=20140118000077&cid=1102|title=Kinmen to receive LNG from mainland|access-date=20 August 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140410193937/http://www.wantchinatimes.com/news-subclass-cnt.aspx?id=20140118000077&cid=1102|archive-date=2014-04-10|url-status=dead}}</ref> During the third Cross-Strait Entrepreneurs Summit in [[Nanjing]] on 2–3 November 2015, executives from CNOOC and Shinfox gave a briefing on the joint venture project. Under the cooperation framework, CNOOC facilities in Fujian will also supply compressed natural gas, along with production technology.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://focustaiwan.tw/news/acs/201511050038.aspx|title=Kinmen expected to get natural gas supply from China's Fujian - Cross-Strait Affairs - FOCUS TAIWAN - CNA ENGLISH NEWS|work=Focus Taiwan - CNA English News |date=5 November 2015 }}</ref>
As of 2017, the [[safety stock]] of LNG imported to Taiwan is seven days.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://focustaiwan.tw/news/aeco/201708150032.aspx|date=15 August 2017|first1=Yi-chu|last1=Tsai|first2=Cheng-wei|last2=Chen|first3=S.C.|last3=Chang|title=Taiwan's power supply system unable to withstand minor errors: expert|publisher=Focus Taiwan|access-date=16 August 2017}}</ref> In 2017 Taiwan was the world's fifth largest importer of LNG accounting for 6% of global market share.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Julie Gordon and Henning Gloystein |first1=Jess Macy Yu |title=Cheniere signs 25-year LNG sales deal with Taiwan's CPC |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-cheniere-energy-taiwan/cheniere-signs-25-year-lng-sales-deal-with-taiwans-cpc-idUSKBN1KW03E |website=www.reuters.com |agency=Reuters |access-date=23 June 2019|date=2018-08-11 }}</ref>
A case study related to LNG in Taiwan occurred in 2021 when a proposed LNG receiving station was planned to be built on Taoyuan’s Datan algal reef. The project to build this station was backed up by the DPP, despite typically siding with environmentalists, while the oppositional party (KMT) worked with environmental groups to protest this construction. In December 2021, the proposed referendum to relocate the receiving station failed, but the DPP maintains that the station has avoided impacts on the algae reef habitat. The DPP supported LNG because their energy plan includes more LNG to substitute their zero nuclear energy plan.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tsai |first=Chia-Shen |date=2021-06-05 |title=How the Datan Algal Reef Became a Wedge Issue |url=https://newbloommag.net/2021/06/05/datan-reef-wedge-issue/ |access-date=2025-06-12 |website=New Bloom Magazine |language=en-US}}</ref>
==Renewable energy== {{main|Renewable energy in Taiwan}} [[File:Wind power.JPG|thumb|Wind farms in [[Qingshui District|Qingshui]], [[Taichung]].]]
In June 2009, the [[Legislative Yuan]] passed a renewable energy act aimed at promoting the use of [[renewable energy]], boosting energy diversification and helping reduce [[greenhouse gas]]es. The new law authorizes the government to enhance incentives for the development of renewable energy via a variety of methods, including the acquisition mechanism, incentives for demonstration projects, and the loosening of regulatory restrictions in order to increase Taiwan's renewable energy generation capacity by 6.5 gigawatts to 10 gigawatts within 20 years.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ey.gov.tw/ct.asp?xItem=56485&ctNode=1335&mp=22|title=行政院整合服務管理平台}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5jZDv-rs004rLknGtTYRzA8j21vNw |title=AFP: Taiwan passes major green energy bill |website=[[Google News]] |access-date=17 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110312105514/http://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5jZDv-rs004rLknGtTYRzA8j21vNw |archive-date=12 March 2011 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
In July 2009, the [[Executive Yuan]] approved a proposal consisting of 16 measures to transform Taiwan into a “[[low carbon]]” country by 2020. The [[Ministry of Economic Affairs (Republic of China)|Ministry of Economic Affairs]]’ (MOEA) proposal set a long-term goal of cutting total annual greenhouse gas emissions to 2000 levels by the year 2025. The Executive Yuan also requested the [[legislature]] to complete a bill on reducing [[carbon emissions]] and another bill on developing renewable energy. NT$226 million will be used to promote renewable energy and facilities in homes and public buildings. Over the next five years NT$20 billion would be invested into advanced technologies in seven industries: [[solar energy]], [[LED lighting]], [[wind power]], [[hydrogen energy]] and [[fuel cell]]s, [[biofuel]], energy [[information and communications technology]] and [[electric vehicle]]s. Cooperation between local governments and the central government will be enhanced by providing incentives for conserving energy and cutting emissions. Two pilot communities will be created per county or city over 2009-2011, with 50 percent of the energy supply in those areas coming from renewable sources.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.taipeitimes.com/News/taiwan/archives/2009/07/30/2003449934|title=Cabinet plans 'low carbon' Taiwan|date=30 July 2009|access-date=20 August 2015}}</ref>
In August 2009, Taiwan's government has announced that it will invest T$45 billion ($1.4 billion) in the island's domestic renewable energy sector in an attempt to help the sector grow nearly eight-fold by 2015 thereby increasing industry production value to T$1.158 trillion in 2015 compared to T$160.3 billion in mid-2009. Proponents hope that "the green energy sector will help Taiwan become a major power in energy technology and production, as well as provide the creation of green jobs."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.renewableenergymagazine.com/paginas/Contenidosecciones.asp?ID=14&Cod=3925&Tipo=&Nombre=Latest%20news|title=Renewable Energy Magazine, at the heart of clean energy journalism|access-date=20 August 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100202204404/http://www.renewableenergymagazine.com/paginas/Contenidosecciones.asp?ID=14&Cod=3925&Tipo=&Nombre=Latest%20news|archive-date=2 February 2010|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
In May 2016 Economics Minister Lee Shih-guang stated that the government expects renewable energy to account for 20% of electricity generation by 2025, to support the government's ambition to phase out nuclear power generation.<ref name=chinapost-20160526>{{cite news |url=http://www.chinapost.com.tw/taiwan/national/national-news/2016/05/26/467321/Govt-to.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160526115839/http://www.chinapost.com.tw/taiwan/national/national-news/2016/05/26/467321/Govt-to.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=May 26, 2016 |title=Gov't to end nuclear power in 2025: MOEA |newspaper=The China Post |date=26 May 2016 |access-date=1 November 2016}}</ref>
== Emissions== [[File:Taichung Thermal Power Plant.JPG|thumb|[[Taichung Power Plant]], world's fourth largest coal-fired power plant.]] Total carbon dioxide emissions nationwide were 277.645 million tonnes in 2006, representing 124.68 percent growth over 1990's 123.574 million tonnes, according to the [[Environmental Protection Administration (Republic of China)|Environmental Protection Administration]] (EPA). [[Energy conversion]] industry contributed to 6.9 percent of emissions in 2006, while [[heavy industry]] contributed 52.5 percent, the [[transportation]] sector contributed 14.3 percent, the commercial sector 6.3 percent and private households 12.1 percent.
Taiwan ranked third in Asia and 32nd worldwide in the 2009 Climate Change Performance Index (CCPI) for carbon dioxide emissions, published by Climate Action Network Europe (CAN-Europe) and Germanwatch.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.taipeitimes.com/News/taiwan/archives/2009/05/30/2003444911|title=Taiwan places third in region in climate report|date=30 May 2009|access-date=20 August 2015}}</ref> In 2025, Taiwan ranked 60th in the CCPI and received a “very low” rating in Energy Use and GHG emissions.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Weinreich |first=Lydia |date=2024-11-20 |title=Chinese Taipei – Climate Performance Ranking 2025 {{!}} Climate Change Performance Index |url=https://ccpi.org/country/twn/ |access-date=2025-06-12 |language=en-US}}</ref>
In 2022, Taiwan officially announced their plan to have [[net-zero emissions]] by 2050, including a plan to get there. The four transition strategies Taiwan has included in their plan are transitions in the energy, industrial, lifestyle, and social sectors. In February 2023, Taiwan’s president [[Tsai Ing-wen]] announced the revision of the Greenhouse Gas Management Act as the Climate Change Response Act, incorporating net-zero by 2050 sentiments.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Net Zero Roadmap｜Taiwan 2050 Net-zero |url=https://www.cca.gov.tw/en/climatetalks/net-zero-roadmap/1891.html |access-date=2025-06-12 |website=www.cca.gov.tw |language=en}}</ref>
==Historical energy consumption== [[File:2010 07 15500 5504, Chintsun, LPG tankers, Taiwan.JPG|thumb|LPG tanker off of Pingtung coast]] Taiwan produces electricity from fossil fuels, wind, nuclear and hydro power. Taiwan's energy consumption is the equivalent of 10.5 million kiloliters of oil, or about 2.2 million barrels a day.
Consumption of petroleum products account for about half of Taiwan's energy supply equivalent of 4.5 million kiloliters of oil. Demand for diesel declined 21 percent, while that for gasoline dropped 8.7 percent. Monthly Power consumption is around 20.9 billion kilowatt-hours. [[Formosa Plastics Group|Formosa Petrochemical Corp]]. and [[CPC Corp]] are Taiwan's only oil refiners.
Energy use in the first six months of the year rose 6.7 percent to the equivalent of 61.6 million kiloliters of oil, the energy bureau said.
Crude oil processing: 4.59 million kiloliters in June.
Coal imports: 5.23 million metric tons
Imports of crude oil: 26.9 million kiloliters
[LNG] purchases: 5.58 billion cubic meters. Purchases of liquefied natural gas increased 13 percent to 1.06 billion cubic meters. LNG accounted for 97 percent of gas supply.
In 2013, coal imports to Taiwan amounted 65.96 million tons, which consists of 58.96 million tons of steam coal and 7.02 million tons of coking coal. The largest coal exporter country to Taiwan is [[Indonesia]] (41.64%) and [[Australia]] (40.20%).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://web3.moeaboe.gov.tw/ECW/english/content/ContentLink.aspx?menu_id=1540|title=Energy Statistical annual Reports - Energy Statistics - Bureau of Energy, Ministry of Economic Affairs, R.O.C.|access-date=20 August 2015|archive-date=19 November 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171119222336/http://web3.moeaboe.gov.tw/ecw/english/content/contentlink.aspx?menu_id=1540|url-status=dead}}</ref>
In 2018, [[Petroleum|oil]] accounted for 48.28% of the total energy consumption. [[Coal]] comes next with 29.38%, followed by [[natural gas]] (indigenous and liquefied) with 15.18%, [[nuclear power|nuclear energy]] with 5.38%, [[biomass]] and [[Waste-to-energy|waste]] with 1.13%, and energy from other renewable sources (plus hydroelectric power) with 0.64%.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.moeaboe.gov.tw/ECW/english/content/ContentLink.aspx?menu_id=1540 |title=Energy Statistical annual Reports |date=2019-08-01 |website=Bureau of Energy, Ministry of Economic Affairs |access-date=2019-09-10 |archive-date=2019-10-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191029060155/https://www.moeaboe.gov.tw/ECW/english/content/ContentLink.aspx?menu_id=1540 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
In 2020, 45% of Taiwan's electricity generation came from coal, 35.7% from natural gas, 11.2% from nuclear, and 5.4% from renewables.<ref>{{cite web |author1=孫文臨 |title=2020年用電創歷史新高 水情不佳影響再生能源成績 |url=https://e-info.org.tw/node/229789 |website=Environmental Information Center |access-date=3 May 2021}}</ref>
In 2024, about 12% of Taiwan’s power came from renewable energy, 47% from natural gas, 4.7% from nuclear, and 31% from coal.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-02-21 |title=History of Net Power Generated and Purchased by Energy Type |url=https://www.taipower.com.tw/2764/2826/2828/25340/ |access-date=2025-06-12 |website=Taiwan Power Company}}</ref>
== Energy efficiency == [[File:Rational-use-of-electricity logo on Taipower Taipei North Branch 20100923.jpg|thumb|Efficient-Usage of Electricity Logo by Taipower]] The Taiwan government has been active in promoting [[Efficient energy use|energy efficiency]], and set a target of energy efficiency of 33% by 2025. This target is higher than Japan's commitment to APEC with the target of 25%-26% efficiency. The government is currently assisting 200 major energy users (companies and organizations) in implementing energy-saving measures.
Taiwan is preparing for the age of high oil prices, and is proactively developing clean energy, such as solar and wind power and biofuels. The efforts would help reduce Taiwan's reliance on imported oil, while contributing to the reduction of greenhouse gases.
The government aims for renewable energy to account for 15% of the nation's energy by 2025. It would amount to 8.45 million kilowatts, capable of producing 28.7 billion kilowatt hours of electricity. Wind-generated power could create as much as 8.9 billion kilowatt hours of electricity by 2025, comparable to 2.3 times the capacity of [[Linkou, Taipei|Linkou]]'s thermal power plants. Many domestic companies are now beginning to work on the development of solar energy, and conservative estimates are projecting that 1.2 billion kilowatt hours of electricity will be produced through solar power by 2025.
Under the Energy Management Law and the underlying Implementing Regulations and related measures, companies are encouraged to improve the energy efficiency of their operations and products. Mandatory programs have been established for the purpose of [[energy conservation]], including [[energy audit]] and energy efficiency standards for certain electrical and electronic products.
The Energy Commission under the [[Ministry of Economic Affairs (Republic of China)|Ministry of Economic Affairs]] is responsible for formulating and implementing [[energy policy]] and laws, including the programs instituted under the Energy Management Law. The principal responsibilities of the Energy Commission include:
# supervising general affairs related to energy management to assure the stability of energy supply; # accelerating the rationalization of energy pricing; # promoting the effectiveness of energy utilization; # preventing energy-related environmental pollution; and # enhancing energy research and development.
The day-to-day work of the Energy Commission involves activities such as the development of policies and regulations, planning and conservation, research and development of technology, and data collection, processing, and publication.
Through the [[Greenmark]] program set up by the Fundamentals for Promoting the Use of the Taiwan Ecolabel, a number of energy-using appliances have been granted [[Ecolabel]]s. For the electronic products, energy efficiency is one of the most important criteria for granting Green Marks. For further details, refer to the section on packaging and labeling. The Statute for Upgrading Industries also provides incentives for the improvement of energy efficiency.
== Energy research ==
The Center for Energy Research (CER) at [[National Central University]] has initiated a plan to educate energy professionals. It would coordinate professors from related disciplines and build a diversified teaching platform to recruit young students and researchers. Educating young scientists in the field of [[GREEN TECHNOLOGY|green technology]] and encouraging them to create innovative products will provide [[Taiwan]] with an edge in the international market.
*Energy Technology and Management Research Center at [[National Chiao Tung University]] *CER at [[National Central University]] [http://www.cc.ncu.edu.tw/~w3energy/EnergyCenter/English/intro_en.htm] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111008140941/http://www.cc.ncu.edu.tw/~w3energy/EnergyCenter/English/intro_en.htm |date=2011-10-08 }} *New Energy Research Center at [[National Taiwan University]]
Currently there are four nuclear research centers in Taiwan ranging up to 2.8 MW.<ref name="auto">{{cite web|url=http://www.world-nuclear.org/info/Country-Profiles/Others/Nuclear-Power-in-Taiwan/|title=Taiwan Nuclear Power|access-date=20 August 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150323131343/http://www.world-nuclear.org/info/Country-Profiles/Others/Nuclear-Power-in-Taiwan/|archive-date=23 March 2015}}</ref>
Dr. [[Yuan T. Lee|Yuan Tseh Lee]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/1986/|title=The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1986}}</ref> is alumni of [[National Tsing Hua University#Notable alumni and faculty|National Tsing Hua University]] and actual [[List of Nobel laureates by country#Taiwan (Republic of China)|Taiwanese Nobel Prize]] [[scientist]] at [[Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory#History|Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory]] using with [[scientific method]] and with understanding on [[laws of thermodynamics]] looking for energy sources with high [[Capacity factor|net capacity factor]] as [[Base load|base load power source]] and low [[Carbon footprint#Direct carbon emissions (Scope 1)|carbon footprint]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.taipeitimes.com/News/front/archives/2008/02/20/2003402026|title=Hsieh says DPP's policy on nuclear power unchanged - Taipei Times|date=20 February 2008}}</ref>
Taiwan has to step up its pace in [[Fusion power#2000s|fusion power research]] if it wishes to develop more sources of "clean" energy according to [[Doctor (title)|Dr.]] Cheng Chio-Zong<ref>{{cite web|url=http://news-en.secr.ncku.edu.tw/files/14-1083-32424,r614-1.php|title=NCKU Nears Step in Nuclear Fusion Power - NCKU, National Cheng Kung University-News Center|access-date=2016-03-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160328095908/http://news-en.secr.ncku.edu.tw/files/14-1083-32424,r614-1.php|archive-date=2016-03-28|url-status=dead}}</ref>
==See also== {{commons category|Energy in Taiwan}} * [[List of power stations in Taiwan]] * [[Taiwan Power Company]] * [[Economy of Taiwan]] * [[Electricity sector in Taiwan]] * [[Nuclear power in Taiwan]] * [[Renewable energy in Taiwan]] * [[Ministry of Science and Technology (Taiwan)]]
== References == {{reflist}}
== Further reading == {{Library resources box}} * {{cite journal|doi=10.1016/j.energy.2006.12.007 |title=Renewable energy in Taiwan: Its developing status and strategy |date=2007 |last1=Chen |first1=Falin |last2=Lu |first2=Shyi-Min |last3=Chang |first3=Yi-Lin |journal=Energy |volume=32 |issue=9 |pages=1634–1646 |bibcode=2007Ene....32.1634C }} * {{cite journal|doi=10.1016/j.rser.2004.03.003 |title=Current status and development policies on renewable energy technology research in Taiwan |date=2005 |last1=Tsai |first1=W.-T. |journal=Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews |volume=9 |issue=3 |pages=237–253 |bibcode=2005RSERv...9..237T }} * {{cite journal|url=http://www.ncku.edu.tw/~source/home/Rong-Hwa-Wu/02.pdf |doi=10.1016/j.renene.2005.09.007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303175439/http://www.ncku.edu.tw/~source/home/Rong-Hwa-Wu/02.pdf |archive-date=2016-03-03 |title=Renewable energy perspectives and support mechanisms in Taiwan |date=2006 |last1=Wu |first1=J.H. |last2=Huang |first2=Y.H. |journal=Renewable Energy |volume=31 |issue=11 |pages=1718–1732 |bibcode=2006REne...31.1718W }} * {{cite journal|url=https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1050564287409069952?lang=en | trans-title=Industrialization and Energy Policy in Taiwan Postwar (1) | journal=山口經濟學雜誌 | date=31 March 2002 | volume=50 | issue=2 | pages=231–247 | last1=陳 | first1=禮俊 |language=Japanese|script-title=ja:戦後台湾の工業化とエネルギー政策(1)}}
== External links == {{external links|date=August 2024}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20090601172417/http://emis.erl.itri.org.tw/ Energy Information Network]—energy audits, statistics, consumer and other energy-related information-gathering
{{Asia topic|Energy policy of}} {{Taiwan topics}} {{Economy of Taiwan}} {{Portal bar|Taiwan|Energy}}
[[Category:Energy in Taiwan| ]]