{{Short description|Genus of lichen-forming fungi}} {{Use dmy dates|date=June 2025}} {{Use Oxford spelling|date=June 2025}} {{bots|deny=Citation bot}} {{Automatic taxobox | taxon = Endohyalina | authority = Marbach (2000) | type_species = ''Endohyalina rappii'' | type_species_authority = (Imshaug ex R.C.Harris) Marbach (2000) | subdivision_ranks = | subdivision = }}
'''''Endohyalina''''' is a genus of 10 species of corticolous (bark-dwelling) crustose lichens in the family Caliciaceae.<ref name="Wijayawardene et al. 2020"/> These lichens either form thin, tightly attached crusts on tree bark or live as parasites on other lichens, sometimes becoming so reduced that they are nearly invisible to the naked eye. They produce small, black, disc-shaped fruiting bodies that begin buried in the crust and later emerge flush with the surface, containing spores that are divided once by a cross-wall and darken to brown as they mature.
==Taxonomy==
The genus was circumscribed by the German lichenologist Bernhard Marbach in 2000, with ''Endohyalina rappii'' designated as the type species.<ref name="Marbach 2000"/>
==Description==
''Endohyalina'' species either form a thin, tightly attached crust (a crustose thallus) on the substrate or live on other lichens, in which case their own thallus is reduced to the point of being invisible. When present, the photosynthetic partner is a single-celled green alga (a {{lichengloss|chlorococcoid}} photobiont). Sexual fruit-bodies are small, black apothecia of the {{lichengloss|lecideine}} type: they begin buried in the thallus and soon become flush with or slightly raised above the surface. A rim of thallus tissue (a {{lichengloss|thalline margin}}) is lacking or soon erodes, so the black {{lichengloss|disc}} appears sharply delimited. Microscopy reveals only a rudimentary outer wall ({{lichengloss|true exciple}}) whose dark outer zone contains hyphae with somewhat swollen cells, while the inner zone grades into the colourless tissue of the hymenium. The hymenium itself may contain scattered oil droplets and sits atop a pale- to dark-brown {{lichengloss|hypothecium}}.<ref name="Cannon et al. 2020"/>
Inside each apothecium, unbranched paraphyses stand among ''Bacidia''-type asci. The paraphyses terminate in enlarged cells capped by a dark brown pigment, giving the inner surface a tufted appearance. Mature ascospores are small, ellipsoidal to spindle-shaped, divided once by a cross-wall (septum) and darkening to brown except at the paler ends. Their internal walls thicken in characteristic patterns (chiefly the ''Dirinaria'' type, but intermediate forms towards ''Milvina''-, ''Physconia''- or ''Pachysporaria''-types also occur); the thickenings appear before the septum forms, a developmental sequence known as "ontogeny type B". The spore surface ranges from smooth to minutely wrinkled. Vegetative reproduction takes place in sunken pycnidia, which release colourless, rod-shaped conidia. Chemical analyses have detected a suite of secondary metabolites, including diploicin, fulgidin, isofulgidin, and a range of related depsidones such as dechlorodiploicin, caloploicin, brialmontin 1, atranorin, and several secalonic acids.<ref name="Cannon et al. 2020"/>
==Species== {{As of|2025|June}}, Species Fungorum (in the Catalogue of Life) accept 11 species of ''Endohyalina'':<ref name="CoL_4BN8"/> *''Endohyalina arachniformis'' {{small|Elix & Kantvilas (2015)}}<ref name="Elix & Kantvilas 2015"/> – Australia *''Endohyalina brandii'' {{au|Giralt, van den Boom & Elix (2010)}}<ref name="Giralt et al. 2010"/> *''Endohyalina circumpallida'' {{au|(H.Magn.) Marbach (2000)}} *''Endohyalina diederichii'' {{au|Giralt, van den Boom & Elix (2010)}}<ref name="Giralt et al. 2010"/> *''Endohyalina ericina'' {{au|(Nyl.) Giralt, van den Boom & Elix (2010)}}<ref name="Giralt et al. 2010"/> *''Endohyalina gillamsensis'' {{au|Elix & Kantvilas (2016)}}<ref name="Elix & Kantvilas 2016"/> – Australia *''Endohyalina insularis'' {{au|(Arnold) Giralt, van den Boom & Elix (2010)}}<ref name="Giralt et al. 2010"/> *''Endohyalina interjecta'' {{au|(Müll.Arg.) Giralt (2010)}}<ref name="Giralt et al. 2010"/> *''Endohyalina kalbii'' {{au|(Giralt & Matzer) Giralt, van den Boom & Elix (2010)}}<ref name="Giralt et al. 2010"/> *''Endohyalina parmotrematis'' {{au|Ngangom, Shweta Sharma, S.Joseph & Nayaka (2022)}}<ref name="Ngangom et al. 2022"/> *''Endohyalina rappii'' {{au|(Imshaug ex R.C.Harris) Marbach (2000)}}
==References== {{Reflist|colwidth=30em|refs=
<ref name="Cannon et al. 2020">{{cite journal |last1=Cannon |first1=Paul |last2=Prieto |first2=Maria |last3=Coppins |first3=Brian |last4=Sanderson |first4=Neil |last5=Scheidegger |first5=Christoph |last6=Simkin |first6=Janet |year=2021 |title=Caliciales: Caliciaceae, including the genera ''Acolium'', ''Amandinea'', ''Buellia'', ''Calicium'', ''Diploicia'', ''Diplotomma'', ''Endohyalina'', ''Monerolechia'', ''Orcularia'', ''Pseudothelomma'', ''Rinodina'' and ''Tetramelas'' |journal=Revisions of British and Irish Lichens |volume=15 |pages=1–35 [27] |doi=10.34885/174}} {{OA}}</ref>
<ref name="CoL_4BN8">{{Catalogue of Life |id=4BN8 |title=''Endohyalina'' |access-date=17 June 2025}}</ref>
<ref name="Elix & Kantvilas 2015">{{cite journal |last1=Elix |first1=John A. |last2=Kantvilas |first2=G. |year=2015 |title=New taxa and new records of crustose lichens in the family Physciaceae (Ascomycota) in Australia |journal=Australasian Lichenology |volume=76 |pages=16–23}}</ref>
<ref name="Elix & Kantvilas 2016">{{cite journal |last1=Elix |first1=John A. |last2=Kantvilas |first2=G. |year=2016 |title=New species and new records of buellioid lichens (Ascomycota, Physciaceae) in Tasmania |journal=Australasian Lichenology |volume=79 |pages=26–34}}</ref>
<ref name="Giralt et al. 2010">{{cite journal |last1=Giralt |first1=M. |last2=van den Boom |first2=P.P.G. |last3=Elix |first3=J.A. |year=2010 |title=''Endohyalina'', the genus in the Physciaceae to accommodate the species of the ''Rinodina ericina''-group |journal=Mycological Progress |volume=9 |issue=1 |pages=37–48 |doi=10.1007/s11557-009-0616-2}}</ref>
<ref name="Marbach 2000">{{cite book |last=Marbach |first=Bernhard |year=2000 |title=Corticole und lignicole Arten der Flechtengattung ''Buellia'' sensu lato in den Subtropen und Tropen |trans-title=A study of corticolous and lignicolous species of the lichen genus ''Buellia'' s.l. in subtropical and tropical regions |series=Bibliotheca Lichenologica |volume=74 |page= |language=de |publisher=J. Cramer |isbn=978-3-443-58053-7}}</ref>
<ref name="Ngangom et al. 2022">{{cite journal |last1=Ngangom |first1=R. |last2=Sharma |first2=S. |last3=Joseph |first3=S. |last4=Nayaka |first4=S. |year=2022 |title=''Endohyalina parmotrematis'', a new species of lichenicolous fungi from India |journal=Taiwania |volume=67 |issue=4 |pages=555–559}}</ref>
<ref name="Wijayawardene et al. 2020">{{cite journal |display-authors=6 |last1=Wijayawardene |first1=Nalin |last2=Hyde |first2=Kevin |first3=LKT |last3=Al-Ani |first4=S |last4=Dolatabadi |last5=Stadler |first5=Marc |last6=Haelewaters |first6=Danny |last7=Tsurykau |first7=Andrei |last8=Mesic |first8=Armin |last9=Navathe |first9=Sudhir |last10=Papp |first10=Viktor |last11=Oliveira Fiuza |first11=Patrícia |last12=Vázquez |first12=Víctor |last13=Gautam |first13=Ajay |last14=Becerra |first14=Alejandra G. |last15=Ekanayaka |first15=Anusha |last16=K. C. |first16=Rajeshkumar |last17=Bezerra |first17=Jadson |last18=Matočec |first18=Neven |last19=Maharachchikumbura |first19=Sajeewa |last20=Suetrong |first20=Satinee |year=2020 |title=Outline of Fungi and fungus-like taxa |journal=Mycosphere |volume=11 |pages=1060–1456 |doi=10.5943/mycosphere/11/1/8 |doi-access=free}}</ref>
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Category:Caliciales Category:Caliciales genera Category:Lichen genera Category:Taxa described in 2000 Category:Taxa named by Bernhard Marbach