{{Short description|Act of Parliament in New Zealand}} {{Use dmy dates|date=October 2019}} {{Use New Zealand English|date=March 2018}} {{Infobox legislation | short_title = End of Life Choice Act 2019 | legislature = New Zealand Parliament | image = Coat of arms of New Zealand.svg | imagesize = 180px | image_upright = | imagealt = | caption = | citation = {{URL|http://www.legislation.govt.nz/act/public/2019/0067/latest/whole.html|2019 No 67}} | territorial_extent = New Zealand | enacted_by = House of Representatives | date_passed = 13 November 2019 | royal_assent = 16 November 2019 | date_commenced = 7 November 2021 | administered_by = | bill_history_url = https://bills.parliament.nz/v/6/7d570753-b395-485a-a8af-5870bc48a646?Tab=history | bill = End of Life Choice Bill | bill_citation = 269-3 | bill_date = 8 June 2017 | committee_responsible = Justice Committee | introduced_by = David Seymour | 1st_reading = 13 December 2017 | 1st_reading_for = 76 | 1st_reading_against = 44 | 2nd_reading = 26 June 2019 | 2nd_reading_for = 70 | 2nd_reading_against = 50 | 3rd_reading = 13 November 2019 | 3rd_reading_for = 69 | 3rd_reading_against = 51 | amends = <!-- Citations of other notable legislation that this legislation amends; wikilink or external link where possible. --> | repeals = <!-- Citations of other notable legislation that this legislation repeals; wikilink or external link where possible. --> | amended_by = <!-- Citations of other notable legislation that amends this legislation; wikilink or external link where possible. --> | repealed_by = <!-- Citation of the legislation that repealed this legislation; wikilink or external link if possible. --> | related_legislation = <!-- Names and citations of any other related legislation; wikilink name and external link citation where possible. --> | summary = | keywords = | status = Current }}
The '''End of Life Choice Act 2019''' is an Act of Parliament in New Zealand that gives people with a terminal illness the option of receiving assisted suicide or euthanasia.{{Efn|The Ministry of Justice and Ministry of Health confirmed that: "The Bill uses 'assisted dying' to refer to both euthanasia and assisted suicide. Euthanasia refers to a patient being administered a lethal drug by a medical practitioner. Assisted suicide refers to a patient receiving lethal drugs at their request, which they take by themselves."<ref name="parliament.nz">{{Cite web|title=Ministry of Justice and Ministry of Health, Departmental Report - New Zealand Parliament|url=https://www.parliament.nz/en/pb/sc/submissions-and-advice/document/52SCJU_ADV_74307_JU65473/ministry-of-justice-and-ministry-of-health-departmental|access-date=2020-10-11|website=www.parliament.nz|language=en|archive-date=28 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230928101611/https://www.parliament.nz/en/pb/sc/submissions-and-advice/document/52SCJU_ADV_74307_JU65473/ministry-of-justice-and-ministry-of-health-departmental|url-status=live}}</ref>}}<ref>{{cite web|title=End of Life Choice Bill (as at 23 October 2019), Explanatory note. |url=http://www.legislation.govt.nz/bill/member/2017/0269/latest/DLM7285905.html |work=New Zealand Legislation: Bills |accessdate=29 January 2020}}</ref> The act came into force on 7 November 2021, twelve months after the 2020 euthanasia referendum was declared in favour of the legislation.<ref>{{Cite web|title=End of Life Choice Act implementation|url=https://www.health.govt.nz/our-work/regulation-health-and-disability-system/end-life-choice-act-implementation|access-date=2021-07-16|website=Ministry of Health NZ|language=en|archive-date=16 July 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210716033227/https://www.health.govt.nz/our-work/regulation-health-and-disability-system/end-life-choice-act-implementation|url-status=live}}</ref>
<!-- Create para outlining practical function and contents of the act. -->Political progress towards the act began in 2015, when ACT Party MP David Seymour entered it into the member's bill ballot.<ref>{{cite press release |last1=Seymour|first1=David |author-link1=David Seymour (New Zealand politician) |title=Seymour lodges assisted dying Bill|url=http://www.act.org.nz/posts/seymour-lodges-assisted-dying-bill |publisher=ACT New Zealand |accessdate=4 December 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151208154237/http://www.act.org.nz/posts/seymour-lodges-assisted-dying-bill|archive-date=8 December 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref> The bill passed its first reading in December 2017, its second reading in June 2019,<ref name="nz-herald-12244205">{{cite news|url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/news/article.cfm?c_id=1&objectid=12244205|title=Euthanasia bill passes second reading|work=The New Zealand Herald|accessdate=26 June 2019|date=26 June 2019|archive-date=26 June 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190626230320/https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/news/article.cfm?c_id=1&objectid=12244205|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="radio-nz-393021">{{cite news|url=https://www.rnz.co.nz/news/political/393021/euthanasia-bill-passes-second-reading-in-parliament|accessdate=26 June 2019|date=26 June 2019|work=Radio New Zealand|title=Euthanasia bill passes second reading in Parliament|archive-date=26 June 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190626092938/https://www.rnz.co.nz/news/political/393021/euthanasia-bill-passes-second-reading-in-parliament|url-status=live}}</ref> and its third reading in November 2019, with 69 votes in favour and 51 opposed.<ref name="3rd">{{cite web|url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/politics/beehive-live/117384206/mps-vote-on-final-reading-of-end-of-life-choice-bill|title=MPs vote in favour of End of Life Choice Bill at final reading|work=Stuff|author=Henry Cooke|date=13 November 2019|accessdate=13 November 2019|archive-date=13 November 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191113083519/https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/politics/beehive-live/117384206/mps-vote-on-final-reading-of-end-of-life-choice-bill|url-status=live}}</ref> Changes introduced by New Zealand First before the third reading required that the bill would go to referendum to be introduced into law. A binding referendum was held in conjunction with the 2020 general election on whether the act should come into force,<ref name="NZH 13 Nov 2019">{{cite news |date=13 November 2019 |title=Euthanasia bill passes final vote, goes to referendum |work=The New Zealand Herald |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/news/article.cfm?c_id=1&objectid=12284982 |accessdate=14 November 2019 |archive-date=14 November 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191114044337/https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/news/article.cfm?c_id=1&objectid=12284982 |url-status=live }}</ref> with a majority of voters (65%) in favour.<ref name="Official referendum results">{{Cite web |title=Official referendum results released {{!}} Elections |url=https://elections.nz/media-and-news/2020/official-referendum-results-released/ |access-date=2020-11-06 |publisher=Electoral Commission |language=en-NZ |archive-date=7 October 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211007110613/https://elections.nz/media-and-news/2020/official-referendum-results-released/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
==Contents of the bill== ===Eligibility for assisted dying=== Anyone may request assisted dying,<ref>{{Cite web|title=End of Life Choice Act 2019 No 67, Public Act 11 Request made – New Zealand Legislation|url=http://www.legislation.govt.nz/act/public/2019/0067/latest/DLM7285956.html|access-date=2020-10-11|website=www.legislation.govt.nz|archive-date=10 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010064555/http://www.legislation.govt.nz/act/public/2019/0067/latest/DLM7285956.html|url-status=live}}</ref> but a person may receive it only if an attending medical practitioner<ref>{{Cite web|title=End of Life Choice Act 2019 No 67, Public Act 13 First opinion to be given by attending medical practitioner – New Zealand Legislation|url=http://www.legislation.govt.nz/act/public/2019/0067/latest/DLM7285958.html|access-date=2020-10-11|website=www.legislation.govt.nz|archive-date=29 September 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200929080825/http://www.legislation.govt.nz/act/public/2019/0067/latest/DLM7285958.html|url-status=live}}</ref> and an independent medical practitioner<ref>{{Cite web|title=End of Life Choice Act 2019 No 67, Public Act 14 Second opinion to be given by independent medical practitioner – New Zealand Legislation|url=http://www.legislation.govt.nz/act/public/2019/0067/latest/DLM7285959.html|access-date=2020-10-11|website=www.legislation.govt.nz|archive-date=10 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010064246/http://www.legislation.govt.nz/act/public/2019/0067/latest/DLM7285959.html|url-status=live}}</ref> confirmed that the person meets all of the following eligibility criteria:<ref name="End of Life referendum">{{cite web |title=End of Life Choice referendum |url=https://www.referendums.govt.nz/endoflifechoice/index.html |website=Referendums.govt.nz |publisher=New Zealand Government |accessdate=1 October 2020 |archive-date=23 May 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200523155927/https://www.referendums.govt.nz/endoflifechoice/index.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> * They must be a citizen or permanent resident of New Zealand. * They must be aged 18 years or over. * They must suffer from a terminal illness that is likely to end their life within 6 months. * They must be in an advanced state of irreversible decline in physical capability. * They must experience unbearable suffering that cannot be relieved in a manner that they consider tolerable.<ref>{{Cite web|title=End of Life Choice Act 2019 No 67, Public Act 5 Meaning of person who is eligible for assisted dying or eligible person – New Zealand Legislation|url=http://www.legislation.govt.nz/act/public/2019/0067/latest/DLM7285950.html|access-date=2020-10-11|website=www.legislation.govt.nz|archive-date=11 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201011210112/http://www.legislation.govt.nz/act/public/2019/0067/latest/DLM7285950.html|url-status=live}}</ref> * They must be able to make an informed decision about assisted dying. An "informed decision" is defined using the following criteria:<ref>{{Cite web|title=End of Life Choice Act 2019 No 67, Public Act 6 Meaning of competent to make an informed decision about assisted dying – New Zealand Legislation|url=http://www.legislation.govt.nz/act/public/2019/0067/latest/LMS195439.html|access-date=2020-10-11|website=www.legislation.govt.nz|archive-date=29 September 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200929082404/http://www.legislation.govt.nz/act/public/2019/0067/latest/LMS195439.html|url-status=live}}</ref> **They must understand information about assisted dying. **They must retain information about assisted dying in order to make the decision. **They must use or weigh up information about assisted dying when making their decision. **They must communicate their decision in some way.
===Process of assisted dying=== A person who wishes to have an assisted death must inform an attending medical practitioner. The medical practitioner must complete a prescribed form after talking to the patient about the prognosis of their illness; the irreversible nature of assisted dying and its impacts; and alternative options for end-of-life care. The doctor needs to encourage the person to discuss their wish with others, but the doctor also needs to tell the person that they don't have to discuss it with anyone.<ref>{{Cite web|title=End of Life Choice Act 2019 No 67, Public Act 11 Request made – New Zealand Legislation|url=http://www.legislation.govt.nz/act/public/2019/0067/latest/DLM7285956.html|access-date=2020-10-11|website=www.legislation.govt.nz}}</ref>
The attending medical practitioner needs to "do their best to ensure that the person expresses their wish free from pressure from any other person". The doctor must do this by talking with other health practitioners who are in regular contact with the person and with family members approved by the person.<ref>{{Cite web|title=End of Life Choice Act 2019 No 67, Public Act 11 Request made – New Zealand Legislation|url=http://www.legislation.govt.nz/act/public/2019/0067/latest/DLM7285956.html|access-date=2020-10-11|website=www.legislation.govt.nz|archive-date=10 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010064555/http://www.legislation.govt.nz/act/public/2019/0067/latest/DLM7285956.html|url-status=live}}</ref> If this doctor (or a nurse practitioner) suspects that a person "is not expressing their wish free from pressure from any other person", the process must be stopped.<ref>{{Cite web|title=End of Life Choice Act 2019 No 67, Public Act 24 No further action to be taken if pressure suspected – New Zealand Legislation|url=http://www.legislation.govt.nz/act/public/2019/0067/latest/LMS226600.html|access-date=2020-10-11|website=www.legislation.govt.nz|archive-date=13 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201013114145/http://www.legislation.govt.nz/act/public/2019/0067/latest/LMS226600.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
The person must confirm their request by signing and dating a prescribed form in the presence of this practitioner. The second part of the form may be signed by someone else if the person cannot write for any reason.<ref>{{Cite web|title=End of Life Choice Act 2019 No 67, Public Act 12 Request confirmed – New Zealand Legislation|url=http://www.legislation.govt.nz/act/public/2019/0067/latest/DLM7285957.html|access-date=2020-10-11|website=www.legislation.govt.nz|archive-date=10 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010033527/http://www.legislation.govt.nz/act/public/2019/0067/latest/DLM7285957.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
Once the form has been completed the attending medical practitioner, and following that an independent medical practitioner, must confirm whether the person meets the eligibility criteria. If one or both medical practitioners are unsure about the person's mental competency, a psychiatrist must confirm whether the person is competent. specialist appointed by the SCENZ Group (Support and Consultation for End of Life in New Zealand Group). If eligible, the person can choose the date and method of administration<ref>{{Cite web|title=End of Life Choice Act 2019 No 67, Public Act 18 Eligible person to choose date and time for administration of medication – New Zealand Legislation|url=http://www.legislation.govt.nz/act/public/2019/0067/latest/LMS195443.html|access-date=2020-10-11|website=www.legislation.govt.nz|archive-date=29 September 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200929073555/http://www.legislation.govt.nz/act/public/2019/0067/latest/LMS195443.html|url-status=live}}</ref> of the lethal dose of medication. Once the medication has been administered the attending medical practitioner must complete a prescribed form notifying the registrar at the Ministry of Health that an assisted death has occurred. The registrar must then forward the form to a review committee.
=== Comparison with other jurisdictions ===
* The End of Life Choice Act allows assisted suicide and euthanasia,<ref name="parliament.nz"/> like Canada and Western Australia; US laws allow only self-administration of the lethal dose (assisted suicide). Victoria allows euthanasia only if the person is unable to administer it themselves. * The person needs to initiate one request,<ref>{{Cite web|title=End of Life Choice Act 2019 No 67, Public Act 11 Request made – New Zealand Legislation|url=http://www.legislation.govt.nz/act/public/2019/0067/latest/DLM7285956.html|access-date=2020-10-11|website=www.legislation.govt.nz|archive-date=10 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010064555/http://www.legislation.govt.nz/act/public/2019/0067/latest/DLM7285956.html|url-status=live}}</ref> which is confirmed in writing.<ref>{{Cite web|title=End of Life Choice Act 2019 No 67, Public Act 12 Request confirmed – New Zealand Legislation|url=http://www.legislation.govt.nz/act/public/2019/0067/latest/DLM7285957.html|access-date=2020-10-11|website=www.legislation.govt.nz|archive-date=10 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010033527/http://www.legislation.govt.nz/act/public/2019/0067/latest/DLM7285957.html|url-status=live}}</ref> The nine US assisted suicide laws, based on Oregon's Death With Dignity Act,<ref name="oregon.gov">{{Cite web|title=Oregon Health Authority : Oregon Revised Statute: Oregon's Death with Dignity Act : Death with Dignity Act : State of Oregon|url=https://www.oregon.gov/oha/PH/PROVIDERPARTNERRESOURCES/EVALUATIONRESEARCH/DEATHWITHDIGNITYACT/Pages/ors.aspx|access-date=2020-10-11|website=www.oregon.gov|archive-date=17 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201017033043/https://www.oregon.gov/oha/PH/PROVIDERPARTNERRESOURCES/EVALUATIONRESEARCH/DEATHWITHDIGNITYACT/Pages/ors.aspx|url-status=live}}</ref> require three requests: an oral request, a written request and a second oral request. * No independent witnesses are required when the request is confirmed in writing.<ref>{{Cite web|title=End of Life Choice Act 2019 No 67, Public Act 12 Request confirmed – New Zealand Legislation|url=http://www.legislation.govt.nz/act/public/2019/0067/latest/DLM7285957.html|access-date=2020-10-11|website=www.legislation.govt.nz|archive-date=10 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010033527/http://www.legislation.govt.nz/act/public/2019/0067/latest/DLM7285957.html|url-status=live}}</ref> In contrast, two witnesses are required in addition to the medical practitioner in Victoria (Australia),<ref>{{Citation|title=Voluntary Assisted Dying Act 2017 (No. 61 of 2017)|url=http://www8.austlii.edu.au/cgi-bin/viewdoc/au/legis/vic/num_act/vada201761o2017348/s34.html|access-date=2020-10-11}}</ref> Western Australia,<ref>{{Cite web|title=Western Australian Legislation - Voluntary Assisted Dying Act 2019 - All Versions|url=https://www.legislation.wa.gov.au/legislation/statutes.nsf/law_a147242_currencies.html%26view%3Dasmade|access-date=2020-10-11|website=www.legislation.wa.gov.au|archive-date=25 September 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200925064714/https://www.legislation.wa.gov.au/legislation/statutes.nsf/law_a147242_currencies.html%26view%3Dasmade|url-status=live}}</ref> Canada,<ref>{{Cite web|last=Branch|first=Legislative Services|date=2019-11-15|title=Consolidated federal laws of canada, An Act to amend the Criminal Code and to make related amendments to other Acts (medical assistance in dying)|url=https://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/AnnualStatutes/2016_3/FullText.html|access-date=2020-10-11|website=laws-lois.justice.gc.ca}}</ref> and the nine US assisted suicide laws.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Oregon Health Authority|date=27 October 1997|title=Oregon Revised Statute: Oregon Revised Statute: Oregon's Death with Dignity Act, section 2.02.|url=https://www.oregon.gov/oha/PH/PROVIDERPARTNERRESOURCES/EVALUATIONRESEARCH/DEATHWITHDIGNITYACT/Pages/ors.aspx|access-date=16 July 2021|website=www.oregon.gov}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Washington State Legislature|date=4 November 2008|title=The Washington Death with Dignity Act. Section RCW 70.245.030.|url=https://app.leg.wa.gov/RCW/default.aspx?cite=70.245|access-date=16 July 2021|website=www.app.leg.wa.gov|archive-date=16 July 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210716025151/https://app.leg.wa.gov/RCW/default.aspx?cite=70.245|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Vermont State Legislature|date=20 May 2013|title=Patient Choice and Control at End of Life Act (Act 39). Section 5283 (a)(4).|url=http://www.leg.state.vt.us/docs/2014/Acts/ACT039.pdf|access-date=16 July 2021|website=www.leg.state.vt.us}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Colorado Secretary of State|date=8 April 2016|title=Colorado End-of-Life Option Act. Section 25-48-104(2)(III).|url=https://www.sos.state.co.us/pubs/elections/Initiatives/titleBoard/filings/2015-2016/145Final.pdf|website=www.sos.state.co.us|access-date=16 July 2021|archive-date=25 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210625200704/https://www.sos.state.co.us/pubs/elections/Initiatives/titleBoard/filings/2015-2016/145Final.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=District of Columbia Health|date=19 December 2016|title=Death with Dignity Act of 2016. Section 3(2)(b)(1).|url=https://dchealth.dc.gov/sites/default/files/dc/sites/doh/page_content/attachments/Death%20With%20Dignity%20Act.FINAL_.pdf|access-date=16 July 2021|website=www.dchealth.dc.gov|archive-date=26 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210426050938/https://dchealth.dc.gov/sites/default/files/dc/sites/doh/page_content/attachments/Death%20With%20Dignity%20Act.FINAL_.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Hawaii State Legislature|date=24 January 2018|title=Our Care, Our Choice Act. Chapter 3.|url=https://www.capitol.hawaii.gov/Archives/measure_indiv_Archives.aspx?billtype=HB&billnumber=2739&year=2018|website=www.capitol.hawaii.gov}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=New Jersey Legislature|date=12 April 2019|title=State of New Jersey Department of Health. Medical Aid in Dying for the Terminally Ill Act. Section C.26:16-5.|url=https://www.njleg.state.nj.us/2018/Bills/PL19/59_.PDF|access-date=16 July 2021|website=www.njleg.state.nj.us|archive-date=20 September 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210920211451/https://www.njleg.state.nj.us/2018/Bills/PL19/59_.PDF|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Maine Legislature|date=19 March 2019|title=Maine Death with Dignity Act. Section 2140(5).|url=https://www.mainelegislature.org/legis/bills/bills_129th/billtexts/HP094801.asp|access-date=16 July 2021|website=www.mainelegislature.org|archive-date=17 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211217202902/https://www.mainelegislature.org/legis/bills/bills_129th/billtexts/HP094801.asp|url-status=live}}</ref> California’s law also states that the witnesses cannot be the attending medical practitioner, the consulting medical practitioner or the mental health specialist.<ref>{{Cite web|last=California Legislative Information|date=20 November 2015|title=End of Life Option Act. Section 443.3(b)(3).|url=https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billCompareClient.xhtml?bill_id=201520162AB15&showamends=false|access-date=16 July 2021|website=www.leginfo.legislature.ca.gov}}</ref> * No witness is required when the attending medical practitioner or nurse practitioner asks the person whether they still wish to receive the dose at that time.<ref>{{Cite web|title=End of Life Choice Act 2019 No 67, Public Act 20 Administration of medication – New Zealand Legislation|url=http://www.legislation.govt.nz/act/public/2019/0067/latest/DLM7285964.html|access-date=2020-10-11|website=www.legislation.govt.nz|archive-date=12 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201012115220/http://www.legislation.govt.nz/act/public/2019/0067/latest/DLM7285964.html|url-status=live}}</ref> In Victoria a witness is required at this point.<ref>{{Citation|title=Voluntary Assisted Dying Act 2017 (No. 61 of 2017)|url=http://www8.austlii.edu.au/cgi-bin/viewdoc/au/legis/vic/num_act/vada201761o2017348/s65.html|access-date=2020-10-11|archive-date=18 September 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200918171653/http://www8.austlii.edu.au/cgi-bin/viewdoc/au/legis/vic/num_act/vada201761o2017348/s65.html|url-status=live}}</ref> * No witness is required when the attending medical practitioner or nurse practitioner provides or administers the lethal dose immediately afterwards.<ref>{{Cite web|title=End of Life Choice Act 2019 No 67, Public Act 20 Administration of medication – New Zealand Legislation|url=http://www.legislation.govt.nz/act/public/2019/0067/latest/DLM7285964.html|access-date=2020-10-11|website=www.legislation.govt.nz|archive-date=12 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201012115220/http://www.legislation.govt.nz/act/public/2019/0067/latest/DLM7285964.html|url-status=live}}</ref> In Victoria a witness is required at this point.<ref>{{Citation|title=Voluntary Assisted Dying Act 2017 (No. 61 of 2017)|url=http://www8.austlii.edu.au/cgi-bin/viewdoc/au/legis/vic/num_act/vada201761o2017348/s65.html|access-date=2020-10-11|archive-date=18 September 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200918171653/http://www8.austlii.edu.au/cgi-bin/viewdoc/au/legis/vic/num_act/vada201761o2017348/s65.html|url-status=live}}</ref> * No cooling-off period is required before the lethal dose is prescribed.<ref>{{Cite web|title=End of Life Choice Act 2019 No 67, Public Act 11 Request made – New Zealand Legislation|url=https://www.legislation.govt.nz/act/public/2019/0067/latest/DLM7285956.html|access-date=2021-07-16|website=www.legislation.govt.nz|archive-date=16 July 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210716025150/https://www.legislation.govt.nz/act/public/2019/0067/latest/DLM7285956.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Hawaii requires a waiting period of at least 20 days between the first and third request.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Hawaii State Legislature|url=https://www.capitol.hawaii.gov/Archives/measure_indiv_Archives.aspx?billtype=HB&billnumber=2739&year=2018|access-date=2021-07-16|website=www.capitol.hawaii.gov|archive-date=16 July 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210716025153/https://www.capitol.hawaii.gov/Archives/measure_indiv_Archives.aspx?billtype=HB&billnumber=2739&year=2018|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=HB2739.DOC|url=https://www.capitol.hawaii.gov/session2018/bills/HB2739_.HTM|access-date=2021-07-16|website=www.capitol.hawaii.gov}}</ref> The other eight US laws require at least 15 days between the first and third request. Victoria and Western Australia require at least nine days. Oregon's law was changed in 2019 to allow the waiting period to be waived if the person is expected to die within this period. In Victoria the waiting period is also waived if the person is expected to die or lose mental competency within this period. In contrast, according to the Ministry of Health and Ministry of Justice the process could take just 4 working days from request to death in a hospital setting in New Zealand.<ref>{{Cite web|last=The Ministry of Justice, The Ministry of Health|date=December 2018|title=Departmental Report: The End of Life Choice Bill|url=https://www.parliament.nz/resource/en-NZ/52SCJU_ADV_74307_JU65473/0ef8505fb4c7a82902a17f262f5f1d850a1057c2|access-date=16 July 2021|website=Parliament NZ|archive-date=16 July 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210716025151/https://www.parliament.nz/resource/en-NZ/52SCJU_ADV_74307_JU65473/0ef8505fb4c7a82902a17f262f5f1d850a1057c2|url-status=live}}</ref> This is in keeping with Canadian legislation, which no longer specifies a waiting period for patients with a reasonably foreseeable death, although patients who qualify but do not have a reasonably foreseeable death have a minimum 90 day period unless they are at imminent risk to lose their ability to consent.<ref>Okninski, M.E., Grieger, J. Evolving Law: Further Developments Concerning MAID in Canada—Bill C-7 Receives Royal Assent and Revisiting Ethicon Sàrl. Bioethical Inquiry 18, 371–376 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11673-021-10124-0</ref> * Only one person, the attending medical practitioner, needs to confirm that the person is making a voluntary request.<ref>{{Cite web|title=End of Life Choice Act 2019 No 67, Public Act 11 Request made – New Zealand Legislation|url=http://www.legislation.govt.nz/act/public/2019/0067/latest/DLM7285956.html|access-date=2020-10-11|website=www.legislation.govt.nz|archive-date=10 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010064555/http://www.legislation.govt.nz/act/public/2019/0067/latest/DLM7285956.html|url-status=live}}</ref> In Oregon, both doctors need to verify "that the patient is capable, acting voluntarily and has made an informed decision".<ref name="oregon.gov"/> The other eight US laws have similar requirements. * While New Zealand citizenship or permanent residence is required, physical residence in New Zealand is not required.<ref>{{Cite web|title=End of Life Choice Act 2019 No 67, Public Act 5 Meaning of person who is eligible for assisted dying or eligible person – New Zealand Legislation|url=http://www.legislation.govt.nz/act/public/2019/0067/latest/DLM7285950.html|access-date=2020-10-11|website=www.legislation.govt.nz|archive-date=11 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201011210112/http://www.legislation.govt.nz/act/public/2019/0067/latest/DLM7285950.html|url-status=live}}</ref> The US and Australian assisted dying laws require ordinary (physical) residence in addition to citizenship or permanent residence. * Coercion by someone other than a medical practitioner is not an offence.<ref>{{Cite web|title=End of Life Choice Act 2019 No 67, Public Act 39 Offences – New Zealand Legislation|url=http://www.legislation.govt.nz/act/public/2019/0067/latest/DLM7285977.html|access-date=2020-10-11|website=www.legislation.govt.nz|archive-date=17 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201017204955/http://www.legislation.govt.nz/act/public/2019/0067/latest/DLM7285977.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Coercion is a punishable offence in Oregon and similar US laws.<ref name="oregon.gov"/>
==Legislative history== ===First Reading=== {| class="wikitable" style="width:40%;" |+ Voting at first reading (13 December 2017)<ref>{{cite news|title=Euthanasia bill passes first reading in Parliament|url=http://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/news/article.cfm?c_id=1&objectid=11959128|accessdate=17 December 2017|work=The New Zealand Herald|date=17 December 2017|archive-date=16 December 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171216143820/http://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/news/article.cfm?c_id=1&objectid=11959128|url-status=live}}</ref> |- ! style="width:20%;" colspan="2"| Party !! style="width:10%;"| Voted for !! style="width:10%;"| Voted against |- | {{Party name with colour|New Zealand National Party}} (56) | style="background-color:#CCFFCC;" | {{collapsible list | title = 21 | 1 = Amy Adams | 2 = Paula Bennett | 3 = Chris Bishop | 4 = Jonathan Coleman | 5 = Matt Doocey | 6 = Andrew Falloon | 7 = Nathan Guy | 8 = Harete Hipango | 9 = Brett Hudson | 10 = Nikki Kaye | 11 = Matt King | 12 = Barbara Kuriger | 13 = Mark Mitchell | 14 = Jami-Lee Ross | 15 = Scott Simpson | 16 = Stuart Smith | 17 = Erica Stanford | 18 = Anne Tolley | 19 = Tim van de Molen | 20 = Hamish Walker | 21 = Jian Yang }} | style="background-color:#FFAEB9;" |{{collapsible list |title= 35 |1= Kanwaljit Singh Bakshi |2= Maggie Barry (Teller) |3= Andrew Bayly |4= David Bennett |5= Simon Bridges |6= Simeon Brown |7= Gerry Brownlee |8= David Carter |9= Judith Collins |10= Jacqui Dean |11= Sarah Dowie |12= Bill English |13= Christopher Finlayson |14= Paul Goldsmith |15= Jo Hayes |16= Steven Joyce |17= Tutehounuku (Nuk) Korako |18= Denise Lee |19= Melissa Lee |20= Tim Macindoe |21= Todd McClay |22= Ian McKelvie |23= Todd Muller |24= Alfred Ngaro |25= Simon O'Connor |26= Parmjeet Parmar |27= Chris Penk |28= Shane Reti |29= Alastair Scott |30= Nick Smith |31= Louise Upston |32= Nicky Wagner |33= Michael Woodhouse |34= Jonathan Young |35= Lawrence Yule }} |- | {{Party name with colour|New Zealand Labour Party}} (46) | style="background-color:#CCFFCC;" |{{collapsible list |title= 37 |1= Kiri Allan |2= Ginny Andersen |3= Jacinda Ardern |4= Tāmati Coffey |5= Liz Craig |6= Clare Curran |7= Kelvin Davis |8= Ruth Dyson |9= Paul Eagle |10= Kris Faafoi |11= Peeni Henare |12= Chris Hipkins |13= Raymond Huo |14= Willie Jackson |15= Iain Lees-Galloway |16= Andrew Little |17= Marja Lubeck |18= Jo Luxton |19= Nanaia Mahuta |20= Trevor Mallard |21= Kieran McAnulty |22= Stuart Nash |23= Greg O'Connor |24= David Parker |25= Willow-Jean Prime |26= Priyanca Radhakrishnan |27= Grant Robertson |28= Adrian Rurawhe |29= Deborah Russell |30= Carmel Sepuloni |31= Jan Tinetti |32= Louisa Wall |33= Angie Warren-Clark |34= Duncan Webb |35= Meka Whaitiri |36= Michael Wood |37= Megan Woods }} | style="background-color:#FFAEB9;" | {{collapsible list |title= 9 |1= David Clark |2= Anahila Kanongata'a-Suisuiki |3= Damien O'Connor |4= Jenny Salesa |5= William Sio |6= Jamie Strange |7= Rino Tirikatene |8= Phil Twyford |9= Poto Williams }} |- | {{Party name with colour|New Zealand First}} (9) | style="background-color:#CCFFCC;" |{{collapsible list |title= 9 |1= Darroch Ball |2= Shane Jones |3= Jenny Marcroft |4= Ron Mark |5= Tracey Martin |6= Clayton Mitchell (Teller) |7= Mark Patterson |8= Winston Peters |9= Fletcher Tabuteau }} | — |- | {{Party name with colour|Green Party of Aotearoa New Zealand}} (8) | style="background-color:#CCFFCC;" |{{collapsible list |title= 8 |1= Marama Davidson |2= Julie Anne Genter |3= Golriz Ghahraman |4= Gareth Hughes |5= Jan Logie |6= Eugenie Sage |7= James Shaw |8= Chlöe Swarbrick }} | — |- | {{Party name with colour|ACT New Zealand}} (1) | style="background-color:#CCFFCC;" |{{collapsible list |title= 1 |1= David Seymour }} | — |- ! colspan=2| Totals ! 76 ! 44 |}
===Justice Select Committee=== Written submissions to the Justice Select Committee on the End of Life Choice Bill were received until midnight on 6 March 2018.<ref>{{cite news |title=Submissions close at midnight for controversial End of Life Choice Bill |first=Finn |last=Hogan |url=https://www.newshub.co.nz/home/shows/2018/03/submissions-close-at-midnight-for-controversial-end-of-life-choice-bill.html |work=Newshub |date=6 March 2018 |access-date=2 September 2018 |archive-date=2 September 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180902151721/https://www.newshub.co.nz/home/shows/2018/03/submissions-close-at-midnight-for-controversial-end-of-life-choice-bill.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> The committee reported on the bill on 9 April 2019.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.parliament.nz/en/pb/bills-and-laws/bills-proposed-laws/document/BILL_74307/end-of-life-choice-bill |title=End of Life Choice Bill: Bill History |publisher=New Zealand Parliament |accessdate=2 September 2018 |archive-date=2 September 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180902115753/https://www.parliament.nz/en/pb/bills-and-laws/bills-proposed-laws/document/BILL_74307/end-of-life-choice-bill |url-status=live }}</ref>
=== Second Reading === {| class="wikitable" style="width:40%;" |+Voting at second reading (26 June 2019)<ref name="Second reading">{{cite news |last1=Cooke |first1=Henry |title=Euthanasia bill passes second reading |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/politics/113795416/euthanasia-bill-passes-second-reading |accessdate=15 November 2019 |work=Stuff |date=26 June 2019 |archive-date=28 June 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190628010247/https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/politics/113795416/euthanasia-bill-passes-second-reading |url-status=live }}</ref> |- ! style="width:20%;" colspan="2"| Party !! style="width:10%;"| Voted for !! style="width:10%;"| Voted against |- | {{Party name with colour|New Zealand National Party}} (55) | style="background-color:#CCFFCC;" | {{collapsible list |title= 18 |1= Amy Adams |2= Paula Bennett |3= Chris Bishop |4= Judith Collins |5= Matt Doocey |6= Andrew Falloon |7= Brett Hudson |8= Nikki Kaye |9= Matt King |10= Barbara Kuriger |11= Mark Mitchell |12= Scott Simpson |13= Stuart Smith |14= Erica Stanford |15= Tim van de Molen |16= Nicola Willis |17= Jian Yang |18= Lawrence Yule }} | style="background-color:#FFAEB9;" |{{collapsible list |title= 37 |1= Kanwaljit Singh Bakshi |2= Maggie Barry |3= Andrew Bayly |4= David Bennett |5= Dan Bidois |6= Simon Bridges |7= Simeon Brown |8= Gerry Brownlee |9= David Carter |10= Jacqui Dean |11= Sarah Dowie |12= Paulo Garcia |13= Paul Goldsmith |14= Nathan Guy |15= Jo Hayes |16= Harete Hipango |17= Denise Lee |18= Melissa Lee |19= Agnes Loheni |20= Tim Macindoe |21= Todd McClay |22= Ian McKelvie |23= Todd Muller |24= Alfred Ngaro |25= Simon O'Connor |26= Parmjeet Parmar |27= Chris Penk |28= Maureen Pugh |29= Shane Reti |30= Alastair Scott |31= Nick Smith |32= Anne Tolley |33= Louise Upston |34= Nicky Wagner |35= Hamish Walker |36= Michael Woodhouse |37= Jonathan Young }} |- | {{Party name with colour|New Zealand Labour Party}} (46) | style="background-color:#CCFFCC;" |{{collapsible list |title= 33 |1= Ginny Andersen |2= Jacinda Ardern |3= Tāmati Coffey |4= Liz Craig |5= Clare Curran |6= Kelvin Davis |7= Ruth Dyson |8= Paul Eagle |9= Kris Faafoi |10= Peeni Henare |11= Chris Hipkins |12= Raymond Huo |13= Willie Jackson |14= Iain Lees-Galloway |15= Andrew Little |16= Marja Lubeck |17= Jo Luxton |18= Nanaia Mahuta |19= Trevor Mallard |20= Kieran McAnulty |21= Stuart Nash |22= Greg O'Connor |23= David Parker |24= Willow-Jean Prime |25= Priyanca Radhakrishnan |26= Grant Robertson |27= Carmel Sepuloni |28= Jan Tinetti |29= Louisa Wall |30= Angie Warren-Clark |31= Duncan Webb |32= Poto Williams |33= Megan Woods }} | style="background-color:#FFAEB9;" | {{collapsible list |title= 13 |1= Kiri Allan |2= David Clark |3= Anahila Kanongata'a-Suisuiki |4= Damien O'Connor |5= Adrian Rurawhe |6= Deborah Russell |7= Jenny Salesa |8= William Sio |9= Jamie Strange |10= Rino Tirikatene |11= Phil Twyford |12= Meka Whaitiri |13= Michael Wood }} |- | {{Party name with colour|New Zealand First}} (9) | style="background-color:#CCFFCC;" |{{collapsible list |title= 9 |1= Darroch Ball |2= Shane Jones |3= Jenny Marcroft |4= Ron Mark |5= Tracey Martin |6= Clayton Mitchell |7= Mark Patterson |8= Winston Peters |9= Fletcher Tabuteau }} | — |- | {{Party name with colour|Green Party of Aotearoa New Zealand}} (8) | style="background-color:#CCFFCC;" |{{collapsible list |title= 8 |1= Marama Davidson |2= Julie Anne Genter |3= Golriz Ghahraman |4= Gareth Hughes |5= Jan Logie |6= Eugenie Sage |7= James Shaw |8= Chlöe Swarbrick }} | — |- | {{Party name with colour|ACT New Zealand}} (1) | style="background-color:#CCFFCC;" |{{collapsible list |title= 1 |1= David Seymour }} | — |- | {{Party name with colour|Independent politician}} (1) | style="background-color:#CCFFCC;" |{{collapsible list |title= 1 |1= Jami-Lee Ross }} | — |- ! colspan=2| Totals ! 70 ! 50 |}
12 MPs changed positions between the first and second readings. From Labour, Allan, Russell, Rurawhe, Whaitiri and Wood changed from voting for to voting against, while Williams voted for having previously opposed the bill. From National, Guy, Hipango, Tolley and Walker changed from for to against, while Collins and Yule decided to reverse their opposition. Five National MPs had entered Parliament since the first reading but had no net effect on the result- Willis (for) replaced Joyce (against) which was cancelled out by Bidois (against) replacing Coleman (for).<ref name="Second reading" />
===Committee of the Whole House=== The Committee of the Whole House started on 31 July 2019. An amendment by David Seymour that limited eligibility to only those with a terminal illness was agreed to. Other amendments put forward by opponents of the bill were rejected.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.parliament.nz/en/pb/hansard-debates/rhr/combined/HansDeb_20190731_20190731_16|title=End of Life Choice Bill- In Committee|publisher=New Zealand Parliament|accessdate=1 August 2019|archive-date=31 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190731191941/https://www.parliament.nz/en/pb/hansard-debates/rhr/combined/HansDeb_20190731_20190731_16|url-status=live}}</ref>
The End of Life Choice Bill was debated again on 21 August 2019. Parliament voted to accept Seymour's second round of amendments by a vote of 69 to 51. Key amendments include prohibiting a health practitioner from initiating any discussion about assisted dying, giving employment protections for any doctor, nurse, or psychiatrist who objects to taking part in the process on any ground, and a provision for doctors and nurses to stop the process if they suspect any pressure is being applied on the person seeking assisted dying. The amendments by MPs opposed to the bill including National MPs Maggie Barry, Paulo Garcia, Simeon Brown, and Chris Penk were defeated during the debate. Penk's proposal to have tighter provisions against coercion including getting a "sign-off" from a specialist panel was defeated by 71 to 49 votes. MPs also voted 70 to 50 in favour of the End of Life Choice Bill being given a third and final reading later.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Jancic |first1=Boris |title=Euthanasia bill marches forward as Parliament debates coercion |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/news/article.cfm?c_id=1&objectid=12260686 |accessdate=22 August 2019 |work=The New Zealand Herald |date=22 August 2019 |archive-date=21 August 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190821185921/https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/news/article.cfm?c_id=1&objectid=12260686 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=MPs back euthanasia bill revisions: 'This is to alleviate concerns' — David Seymour |url=https://www.rnz.co.nz/news/political/397233/mps-back-euthanasia-bill-revisions-this-is-to-alleviate-concerns-david-seymour |accessdate=22 August 2019 |publisher=Radio New Zealand |date=22 August 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Cooke |first1=Henry |title=Euthanasia: Safeguards against coercion inserted into David Seymour's proposed bill |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/politics/115187515/euthanasia-safeguards-against-coercion-inserted-into-david-seymours-proposed-bill |accessdate=22 August 2019 |publisher=Stuff |date=21 August 2019 |archive-date=22 August 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190822030813/https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/politics/115187515/euthanasia-safeguards-against-coercion-inserted-into-david-seymours-proposed-bill |url-status=live }}</ref>
====Proposed referendum==== On 23 October 2019, Parliament voted by a margin of 63 to 57 to amend the End of Life Choice Bill to include a binding referendum on whether the End of Life Choice Act 2019 should come into force.<ref name="End of Life Choice Bill debate">{{cite web |title=End of Life Choice Bill — In Committee—Clauses 1 and 2 |url=https://www.parliament.nz/en/pb/hansard-debates/rhr/combined/HansDeb_20191023_20191023_16 |publisher=New Zealand Parliament |accessdate=24 October 2019 |date=23 October 2019 |archive-date=23 October 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191023212842/https://www.parliament.nz/en/pb/hansard-debates/rhr/combined/HansDeb_20191023_20191023_16 |url-status=live }}</ref> New Zealand First MP Jenny Marcroft proposed an amendment to include a referendum on the grounds that euthanasia "directly affected the fabric of society" and that "temporarily empowered politicians... alone should not decide on the bill." In response, Labour MP Louisa Wall criticised NZ First for placing MPs who supported the bill but opposed the referendum in an "untenable position". She also accused NZ First of using the proposed referendum as a bargaining chip for securing the party's support for the third reading of the End of Life Choice Bill scheduled for November 2019.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Jancic |first1=Boris |title=Euthanasia bill to go to referendum after knife-edge vote in Parliament |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/news/article.cfm?c_id=1&objectid=12279106 |accessdate=23 October 2019 |work=The New Zealand Herald |date=23 October 2019 |archive-date=26 October 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191026211616/https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/news/article.cfm?c_id=1&objectid=12279106 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Cooke |first1=Henry |title=Euthanasia referendum on the cards after tight vote in Parliament |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/politics/116802284/euthanasia-referendum-on-the-cards-after-tight-vote-in-parliament |accessdate=23 October 2019 |work=Stuff |date=23 October 2019 |archive-date=23 October 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191023073724/https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/politics/116802284/euthanasia-referendum-on-the-cards-after-tight-vote-in-parliament |url-status=live }}</ref>
{| class="wikitable" style="width:40%;" |+Parliamentary vote on Jenny Marcroft's amendment for a referendum on the End of Life Choice Bill <ref name="End of Life Choice Bill debate" /> |- ! style="width:20%;" colspan="2"| Party !! style="width:10%;"| Voted for !! style="width:10%;"| Voted against |- | {{Party name with colour|New Zealand National Party}} (55) | style="background-color:#CCFFCC;" | {{collapsible list |title= 16 |1= Amy Adams (teller) |2= David Bennett |3= Paula Bennett |4= Chris Bishop |5= Judith Collins |6= Matt Doocey |7= Andrew Falloon |8= Nikki Kaye |9= Matt King |10= Barbara Kuriger |11= Mark Mitchell |12= Scott Simpson |13= Erica Stanford |14= Jian Yang |15= Lawrence Yule }} | style="background-color:#FFAEB9;" |{{collapsible list |title= 39 |1= Kanwaljit Singh Bakshi |2= Maggie Barry |3= Andrew Bayly |4= Dan Bidois |5= Simon Bridges |6= Simeon Brown |7= Gerry Brownlee |8= David Carter |9= Jacqui Dean |10= Sarah Dowie |11= Paulo Garcia |12= Paul Goldsmith |13= Nathan Guy |14= Brett Hudson |15= Jo Hayes |16= Harete Hipango |17= Denise Lee |18= Melissa Lee |19= Agnes Loheni |20= Tim Macindoe |21= Todd McClay |22= Ian McKelvie |23= Todd Muller |24= Alfred Ngaro |25= Simon O'Connor |26= Parmjeet Parmar |27= Chris Penk |28= Maureen Pugh |29= Shane Reti |30= Alastair Scott |31= Nick Smith |32= Stuart Smith |33= Anne Tolley |34= Louise Upston |35= Tim van de Molen |36= Nicky Wagner |37= Hamish Walker |38= Nicola Willis |39= Michael Woodhouse |40= Jonathan Young }} |- | {{Party name with colour|New Zealand Labour Party}} (46) | style="background-color:#CCFFCC;" |{{collapsible list |title= 29 |1= Kiri Allan |2= Ginny Andersen |3= Jacinda Ardern |4= Liz Craig |5= Clare Curran |6= Kelvin Davis |7= Ruth Dyson |8= Paul Eagle |9= Kris Faafoi |10= Peeni Henare |11= Chris Hipkins |12= Raymond Huo |13= Iain Lees-Galloway |14= Andrew Little |15= Marja Lubeck |16= Jo Luxton |17= Kieran McAnulty |18= Stuart Nash |19= Greg O'Connor |20= David Parker |21= Willow-Jean Prime |22= Priyanca Radhakrishnan |23= Grant Robertson |24= Deborah Russell |25= Carmel Sepuloni |26= Jan Tinetti |27= Angie Warren-Clark |28= Duncan Webb |29= Megan Woods }} | style="background-color:#FFAEB9;" | {{collapsible list |title= 17 |1= David Clark |2= Tāmati Coffey |3= Willie Jackson |4= Anahila Kanongata'a-Suisuiki |5= Nanaia Mahuta |6= Trevor Mallard |7= Damien O'Connor |8= Adrian Rurawhe |9= Jenny Salesa |10= William Sio |11= Jamie Strange |12= Rino Tirikatene |13= Phil Twyford |14= Louisa Wall |15= Meka Whaitiri |16= Poto Williams |17= Michael Wood }} |- | {{Party name with colour|New Zealand First}} (9) | style="background-color:#CCFFCC;" |{{collapsible list |title= 9 |1= Darroch Ball |2= Shane Jones |3= Jenny Marcroft |4= Ron Mark |5= Tracey Martin |6= Clayton Mitchell |7= Mark Patterson |8= Winston Peters |9= Fletcher Tabuteau }} | — |- | {{Party name with colour|Green Party of Aotearoa New Zealand}} (8) | style="background-color:#CCFFCC;" |{{collapsible list |title= 8 |1= Marama Davidson |2= Julie Anne Genter |3= Golriz Ghahraman |4= Gareth Hughes |5= Jan Logie |6= Eugenie Sage |7= James Shaw |8= Chlöe Swarbrick }} | — |- | {{Party name with colour|ACT New Zealand}} (1) | style="background-color:#CCFFCC;" |{{collapsible list |title= 1 |1= David Seymour }} | — |- | {{Party name with colour|Independent politician}} (1) | style="background-color:#CCFFCC;" |{{collapsible list |title= 1 |1= Jami-Lee Ross }} | — |- ! colspan=2| Totals ! 63 ! 57 |}
=== Third Reading === On 13 November 2019, the End of Life Choice Bill passed its third reading 69 votes in favour and 51 votes opposed. The bill was prepared for royal assent.<ref name=3rd /><ref name="Parliament 3rd reading">{{cite web |title=End of Life Choice Bill — Third Reading |url=https://www.parliament.nz/en/pb/hansard-debates/rhr/combined/HansDeb_20191113_20191113_16 |publisher=New Zealand Parliament |accessdate=15 November 2019 |date=13 November 2019 |archive-date=21 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201021072045/https://www.parliament.nz/en/pb/hansard-debates/rhr/combined/HansDeb_20191113_20191113_16 |url-status=live }}</ref> The End of Life Choice Bill was also amended to only allow a person with "a terminal illness that is likely to end the person's life within six months" to request euthanasia. While Seymour disagreed with the change, he supported the amendment in order to maintain the support of the Green Party and several other MPs for a third reading.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Cook |first1=Henry |title=David Seymour narrows euthanasia bill to only cover patients with 6 months to live |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/politics/114661223/david-seymour-narrows-euthanasia-bill-to-only-cover-patients-with-6-months-to-live |accessdate=15 November 2019 |work=Stuff |date=31 July 2019 |archive-date=15 November 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191115080808/https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/politics/114661223/david-seymour-narrows-euthanasia-bill-to-only-cover-patients-with-6-months-to-live |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Jancic |first1=Boris |title=End of Life Choice Bill passes: What it means |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/news/article.cfm?c_id=1&objectid=12284751 |accessdate=15 November 2019 |work=The New Zealand Herald |date=14 November 2019 |archive-date=14 November 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191114195321/https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/news/article.cfm?c_id=1&objectid=12284751 |url-status=live }}</ref>
In return for New Zealand First's support of the bill through its third reading, the bill would be decided by the public in a binding referendum at the 2020 New Zealand general election.<ref name="NZH 13 Nov 2019" />
{| class="wikitable" style="width:40%;" |+ Voting at third reading (13 November 2019)<ref name="Parliament 3rd reading" /> |- ! style="width:20%;" colspan="2"| Party !! style="width:10%;"| Voted for !! style="width:10%;"| Voted against |- | {{Party name with colour|New Zealand National Party}} (55) | style="background-color:#CCFFCC;" | {{collapsible list |title= 17 |1= Amy Adams |2= Paula Bennett |3= Chris Bishop |4= Judith Collins |5= Matt Doocey |6= Andrew Falloon |7= Brett Hudson |8= Nikki Kaye |9= Matt King |10= Barbara Kuriger |11= Mark Mitchell |12= Scott Simpson |13= Stuart Smith |14= Erica Stanford |15= Tim van de Molen |16= Nicola Willis |17= Jian Yang }} | style="background-color:#FFAEB9;" |{{collapsible list |title= 38 |1= Kanwaljit Singh Bakshi |2= Maggie Barry (teller) |3= Andrew Bayly |4= David Bennett |5= Dan Bidois |6= Simon Bridges |7= Simeon Brown |8= Gerry Brownlee |9= David Carter |10= Jacqui Dean |11= Sarah Dowie |12= Paulo Garcia |13= Paul Goldsmith |14= Nathan Guy |15= Jo Hayes |16= Harete Hipango |17= Denise Lee |18= Melissa Lee |19= Agnes Loheni |20= Tim Macindoe |21= Todd McClay |22= Ian McKelvie |23= Todd Muller |24= Alfred Ngaro |25= Simon O'Connor |26= Parmjeet Parmar |27= Chris Penk |28= Maureen Pugh |29= Shane Reti |30= Alastair Scott |31= Nick Smith |32= Anne Tolley |33= Louise Upston |34= Nicky Wagner |35= Hamish Walker |36= Michael Woodhouse |37= Jonathan Young |38= Lawrence Yule }} |- | {{Party name with colour|New Zealand Labour Party}} (46) | style="background-color:#CCFFCC;" |{{collapsible list |title= 33 |1= Kiri Allan |2= Ginny Andersen |3= Jacinda Ardern |4= Tāmati Coffey |5= Liz Craig |6= Clare Curran |7= Kelvin Davis |8= Ruth Dyson |9= Paul Eagle |10= Kris Faafoi |11= Peeni Henare |12= Chris Hipkins |13= Raymond Huo |14= Willie Jackson |15= Iain Lees-Galloway |16= Andrew Little |17= Marja Lubeck |18= Jo Luxton |19= Nanaia Mahuta |20= Trevor Mallard |21= Kieran McAnulty |22= Stuart Nash |23= Greg O'Connor |24= David Parker |25= Willow-Jean Prime |26= Priyanca Radhakrishnan |27= Grant Robertson |28= Carmel Sepuloni |29= Jan Tinetti (teller) |30= Louisa Wall |31= Angie Warren-Clark |32= Duncan Webb |33= Megan Woods }} | style="background-color:#FFAEB9;" | {{collapsible list |title= 13 |1= David Clark |2= Anahila Kanongata'a-Suisuiki |3= Damien O'Connor |4= Adrian Rurawhe |5= Deborah Russell |6= Jenny Salesa |7= William Sio |8= Jamie Strange |9= Rino Tirikatene |10= Phil Twyford |11= Meka Whaitiri |12= Poto Williams |13= Michael Wood }} |- | {{Party name with colour|New Zealand First}} (9) | style="background-color:#CCFFCC;" |{{collapsible list |title= 9 |1= Darroch Ball |2= Shane Jones |3= Jenny Marcroft |4= Ron Mark |5= Tracey Martin |6= Clayton Mitchell |7= Mark Patterson |8= Winston Peters |9= Fletcher Tabuteau }} | — |- | {{Party name with colour|Green Party of Aotearoa New Zealand}} (8) | style="background-color:#CCFFCC;" |{{collapsible list |title= 8 |1= Marama Davidson |2= Julie Anne Genter |3= Golriz Ghahraman |4= Gareth Hughes |5= Jan Logie |6= Eugenie Sage |7= James Shaw |8= Chlöe Swarbrick }} | — |- | {{Party name with colour|ACT New Zealand}} (1) | style="background-color:#CCFFCC;" |{{collapsible list |title= 1 |1= David Seymour }} | — |- | {{Party name with colour|Independent politician}} (1) | style="background-color:#CCFFCC;" |{{collapsible list |title= 1 |1= Jami-Lee Ross }} | — |- ! colspan=2| Totals ! 69 ! 51 |}
===2020 Euthanasia referendum=== {{Main|2020 New Zealand euthanasia referendum}} A binding referendum on euthanasia was held alongside the 2020 New Zealand general election and the 2020 New Zealand cannabis referendum on 17 October 2020. Preliminary results for the two referendums were released by the Electoral Commission on 30 October.<ref>{{Cite news|date=2020-10-30|title=New Zealand euthanasia: Assisted dying to be legal for terminally ill people|language=en-GB|work=BBC News|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-54728717|access-date=2020-10-31|archive-date=6 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201106103320/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-54728717|url-status=live}}</ref> These preliminary results found 65.2% of people in support of the End of Life Choice Act with 33.8% opposed.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.rnz.co.nz/news/national/429495/referendum-preliminary-results-yes-to-euthanasia-reform-no-to-cannabis|title=Referendum preliminary results: Yes to euthanasia reform, no to cannabis|work=Radio New Zealand|date=30 October 2020|accessdate=30 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201105221825/https://www.rnz.co.nz/news/national/429495/referendum-preliminary-results-yes-to-euthanasia-reform-no-to-cannabis|archive-date=5 November 2020|url-status=live}}</ref>
Following the counting of the 480,000 special votes, official results for the general election and referendums were released on 6 November. Based on the final results, 65.1% of people supported the legislation while 33.7% opposed it.<ref name="Official referendum results" />
==See also== *Euthanasia in New Zealand *Legality of euthanasia
==Notes== {{Notelist}}
==References== {{Reflist}}
==External links== * [http://www.legislation.govt.nz/bill/member/2017/0269/latest/DLM7285905.html End of Life Choice Bill] – text of the act * [https://www.parliament.nz/en/pb/bills-and-laws/bills-proposed-laws/document/BILL_74307/end-of-life-choice-bill End of Life Choice Bill] – New Zealand Parliament website
Category:Statutes of New Zealand Category:2017 in New Zealand law Category:2018 in New Zealand law Category:2019 in New Zealand law Category:Euthanasia in New Zealand Category:Assisted dying legislation