Émile Bayard

{{Short description|French illustrator (1837–1891)}} {{Infobox person | name = Émile Bayard | image = EmileBayard 2.jpg | caption = Bayard, December 1891 | birth_name = Émile-Antoine Bayard | other_names = Abel De Miray | birth_date = {{Birth date|1837|11|2|df=y}} | birth_place = La Ferté-sous-Jouarre, Seine-et-Marne, France | death_date = {{Death date and age|1891|12|6|1837|11|2|df=y}} | death_place = Cairo, Egypt | occupation = Illustrator | years_active = 1853–1891 | known_for = Illustration of Cosette from ''Les Misérables'' by Victor Hugo }}

'''Émile-Antoine Bayard''' (2 November 1837 – 6 December 1891) was a French illustrator born in La Ferté-sous-Jouarre, Seine-et-Marne. A student of Léon Cogniet, he is known for illustrating Victor Hugo's 1862 novel ''Les Misérables''.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.ricochet-jeunes.org/eng/biblio/illus/bayard.html | title=ricochet-jeunes.org|accessdate=2007-03-12}}</ref>

== Career == Starting in 1853, Bayard was a student of Cogniet for five years, publishing his first cartoons at the age of fifteen, often using the anagrammatic pseudonym, Abel De Miray.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.emile-antoine-bayard.com/| title=emile-antoine-bayard.com|accessdate=2007-03-12}}</ref>

Between 1857 and 1864, he worked in the mediums of charcoal drawings, paintings, watercolors, woodcuts, engravings, and lithographs. In 1864, he began to work primarily for magazines, and illustrated current events such as the Franco-Prussian War of 1870–71.

At the end of the 19th century, with a growing interest in photography displacing documentary drawing, Bayard moved to illustrating novels, including ''Les Misérables'' by Victor Hugo, ''Uncle Tom's Cabin'' by Harriet Beecher Stowe, ''L'Immortel'' by Alphonse Daudet, "Robinson Crusoé by Daniel De Foë, and ''From the Earth to the Moon'' by Jules Verne. His illustration of Cosette from ''Les Misérables'' was adapted for the logo from the Cameron Mackintosh musical.

== Space art ==

While there had been art depicting spaceflight and alien worlds prior to 1865, they were based heavily on mysticism as opposed to science. Bayard's artwork accompanying From the Earth to the Moon by Jules Verne is considered among the first Space art of a scientific nature.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://dreamsofspace.nfshost.com/spaceart.htm | title=dreamsofspace.nfshost.com|accessdate=2007-03-12}}</ref>

== Gallery == <gallery widths="200" heights="200" perrow="3" caption="Works by Émile Bayard"> File:Emile Bayard - Cosette.jpg|{{center|Illustration of Cosette from ''Les Misérables'' by Victor Hugo. This image was used on posters promoting the musical version of ''Les Misérables''.}} File:Gavroche (Les Misérables).jpg|{{center|Illustration of Gavroche from ''Les Misérables'' by Victor Hugo}} File:Bouffes parisiens (cropped).jpg|The audience at the Théâtre des Bouffes-Parisiens, the birthplace of Jacques Offenbach's operettas. Caricature of 1860. File:RosalindOrlandoBayard.jpg|{{center|Illustration of scene from ''As You Like It'' by William Shakespeare}} File:La Danse du Sabbat (no caption).jpg|The Dance of the Witches' Sabbath: illustration from ''History of Magic'' by Jean-Baptiste Pitois (a.k.a. Paul Christian), Paris, 1870 File:Around the Moon (151484184).jpg|An illustration from Jules Verne's novel "Around the Moon" drawn by and Alphonse de Neuville, September 16, 1872, "The Christening" oil on canvas by Émile Bayard in 1863 ([http://www.jansantiques.com/Lot/jac1786.html Émile-Antoine Bayard The Christening]). File:Persians (Parsees) in Bombay 1873.jpg|Persians in Bombay, 1873 File:CI-GdBassam-Jeunes Filles.jpg|Young girls from Grand-Bassam drawn by Émile Bayard from a photograph, 1869 File:Le Tour du monde-11-p280.jpg|Illustration of Māori monarch Tāwhiao as a young man (then known as Matutaera) </gallery>

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== References == {{Reflist}}

== External links == * {{Gutenberg author | id=7533}} * {{Internet Archive author |sname=Émile Antoine Bayard}}

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{{DEFAULTSORT:Bayard, Emile}} Category:1837 births Category:1891 deaths Category:People from La Ferté-sous-Jouarre Category:19th-century French illustrators Category:Jules Verne Category:Academic artists Category:19th-century French novelists