{{Short description|German politician and film producer (1892–1949)}} {{Use dmy dates|date=October 2022}} {{Infobox person | name = | image = | alt = <!-- descriptive text for use by speech synthesis (text-to-speech) software --> | caption = | birth_name = <!-- only use if different from name --> | birth_date = 21 April 1892 | birth_place = Untergrönningen, Württemberg, German Empire | death_date = {{Death date and age|1949|6|16|1892|4|21|df=y}} | death_place = NKVD special camp Nr. 7, Sachsenhausen, Allied-occupied Germany | other_names = | occupation = | years_active = | known_for = | notable_works = }} '''Emil Unfried''' (21 April 1892 – 16 June 1949) was a German communist politician. He served in various capacities in the Communist Party until 1924. Later he was involved in the film industry. He resumed his political activity in the Communist Party in 1945. However, the same year he was detained by the Soviets and died in a special camp in Sachsenhausen in 1949.
==Early life and education== Unfried was born in Untergrönningen, Württemberg, on 26 April 1892.<ref name=handb>{{cite web|title=Unfried, Emil * 21.4.1892, † 16.6.1949|url=https://www.bundesstiftung-aufarbeitung.de/wer-war-wer-in-der-ddr-%2363%3b-1424.html?ID=5322|work=Handbuch der Deutschen Kommunisten|author1=Hermann Weber|author1-link=Hermann Weber|author2=Andreas Herbst|author2-link=Andreas Herbst|publisher=Karl Dietz Verlag, Berlin & Bundesstiftung zur Aufarbeitung der SED-Diktatur|location=Berlin|access-date=2 August 2022}}</ref> He was trained as a mechanic.<ref name=handb/> He settled in Stuttgart where he joined the Social Democratic Party in 1912.<ref name=jrid/>
==Career and activities== Unfried fought in the German army during World War I and became part of the Spartacus group.<ref name=jrid>{{cite book|editor=John Riddell|title=To the Masses. Proceedings of the Third Congress of the Communist International, 1921|publisher=Brill|location=Leiden; Boston|year=2015|volume=91|page=1276|doi=10.1163/9789004288034_038 |isbn=9789004288034|url=https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004288034_038|editor-link=John Riddell (Marxist)}}</ref><ref name=rosa/> In 1918 he was a member of the executive committee of the workers' council in Stuttgart.<ref name=rosa>{{cite book|editor=Georg Adler|display-editors=et. al.|title=The Letters of Rosa Luxemburg|publisher=Verso Books|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cuVvDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA485|year=2013|isbn=978-1-78168-107-7|location=London; New York|pages=485, 562}}</ref> In 1919 he joined the Communist Party and served as its vice chairman in Stuttgart until 1921.<ref name=jrid/> He was appointed secretary for agrarian work for the party leadership from 1921 to 1924.<ref name=jrid/> He represented the Communist Party at the fourth World Congress of the Communist International in 1922.<ref name=jrid/> Unfried was expelled from the Communist Party in 1924 due to his alleged right-wing views.<ref name=jrid/>
In the period between 1924 and 1933 Unfried served as the chairman of the film division of a political-cultural enterprise owned by the communist activist Willi Münzenberg.<ref name=jrid/> In 1926 Unfried co-founded and directed a film company, Prometheus-Film G.m.b.H.<ref>{{cite book|author=Kasper Braskén|title=The International Workers' Relief, Communism, and Transnational Solidarity: Willi Münzenberg in Weimar Germany|publisher=Palgrave Macmillan|year=2015|isbn=978-1-137-54686-9|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=q1xaCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA279|page=279 |location=Basingstoke; New York}}</ref> He also headed another company named Weltfilm.<ref>{{cite book|page=219|author=John Green|title=Willi Münzenberg: Fighter against Fascism and Stalinism|publisher=Routledge|year=2019|isbn=978-1-000-75153-6|location=Abingdon; New York |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=q3zADwAAQBAJ&pg=PT219}}</ref> In 1933 he retired from politics and began to involve in film production business during the Nazi rule in Germany.<ref name=handb/> His company was Forum Film which mostly produced entertainment movies.<ref name=handb/> He had movie theatres in Hanover and Minden.<ref name=handb/> He resumed his political activities in the Communist Party following the fall of Nazi government in 1945.<ref name=handb/><ref name=jrid/>
==Personal life and death== Unfried was married to Lina Becker, a communist politician.<ref name=handb/> He was arrested by the Soviet forces in late 1945.<ref name=handb/> He died in the NKVD special camp Nr. 7 in Sachsenhausen on 16 June 1949.<ref name=handb/>
==Selected filmography== Some of the movies produced by Unfried included:<ref>{{cite web|title=Emil Unfried. Produktionsleitung|language=de|website=filmportal.de |url=https://www.filmportal.de/person/emil-unfried_601bc106aeae4d56b929c56c8cc228a9}}</ref> * Aufstieg - Ein Film vom Werden und sozialen Wirken des Verbandes der Fabrikarbeiter Deutschlands (1929) * Morgen beginnt das Leben (1933) * Das Gewehr über! (1939)
==References== {{Reflist}}
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Unfried, Emil}} Category:20th-century German businesspeople Category:1892 births Category:1949 deaths Category:Communist Party of Germany politicians Category:German Comintern people Category:People who died in NKVD special camp Nr. 7 Category:People from the Kingdom of Württemberg Category:German film producers Category:German company founders Category:Social Democratic Party of Germany politicians Category:German Army personnel of World War I