{{Short description|American architect (1899–1991)}} {{Infobox person | name = Ellamae Ellis League | image = Ellamae Ellis League.png | caption = League in 1968 | birth_name = Ellamae Ellis | birth_date = {{birth date|1899|7|9}} | birth_place = [[Macon, Georgia]], U.S. | death_date = {{death date and age|1991|3|4|1899|7|9}} | death_place = Macon, Georgia, U.S. | occupation = [[Architect]] | years_active = 1922–1975 | children = 2{{sfn|Berkeley|McQuaid|1989|p=180}}{{sfn|McMullen|2013|p=16}} | relatives = {{ubl|[[Charles Edward Choate]] (uncle)|[[Nell Choate Jones]] (cousin)}} | signature = Ellamae_Ellis_League_signature.png }}
'''Ellamae Ellis League''', {{post-nominals|list=[[FAIA]]}} (July 9, 1899 – March 4, 1991) was an American architect, the fourth woman registered architect in [[Georgia (U.S. State)|Georgia]] and "one of Georgia and the South's most prominent female architects."{{sfn|Brock|2004|p=14}} She practiced for over 50 years, 41 of them from her own firm. From a family of architects, she was the first woman elected a [[Fellow of the American Institute of Architects]] (FAIA) in Georgia and only the eighth woman nationwide. Several buildings she designed (including her own home) are listed on the [[National Register of Historic Places]] (NRHP). In 2016 she was posthumously named a [[Georgia Women of Achievement|Georgia Woman of Achievement]].
==Biography== Ellamae Ellis was born in [[Macon, Georgia]] on July 9, 1899, the fourth child of Susan Dilworth Choate and Joseph Oliver Ellis.{{sfn|Ray|2005}} She attended public schools and graduated from [[Lanier High School (Macon, Georgia)|Lanier High School]] in 1916.{{r|faia_nomination}}. She attended nearby [[Wesleyan College]] in 1917 and 1918{{sfn|League|1946|p=1}} but did not graduate, as her marriage to George Forest League on June 27, 1917,{{sfn|Ray|2005}} would change her path.
League's children Jean and Joe were born in 1919 and 1921. In 1922 her husband of five years left her, so she found herself divorced with two children and no means of income. Six generations of her family had been architects including [[Charles Edward Choate]], a well-known architect in [[Atlanta]] at the time.{{sfn|Brock|2004|p=16}} Several other relatives were artists including [[Nell Choate Jones]] and [[Nell Choate Shute]].{{r|colmuseum}} According to League's son Joe, the architect [[Curran R. Ellis]] (1872–1934), who designed the [[Bibb County Courthouse (Georgia)|county courthouse]] and [[Luther Williams Field|baseball stadium]] in Macon, is a distant relative as well.{{r|little_martha}} League credited her uncle with "putting the idea in her head" of becoming an architect.{{sfn|McMullen|2013|p=16}}
===Early career=== In 1922 the [[Georgia School of Technology]], whose [[Georgia Institute of Technology College of Architecture|Department of Architecture]] was the primary venue for architecture education in Georgia,{{r|bwaf}} did not allow women to attend. (This would not change until 1952).{{r|gatech_women}} In a later newspaper interview League observed, "it's almost impossible to get a license in this state, unless you have a diploma from Georgia Tech. And women are barred as students there."{{sfn|McMullen|2013|p=16}}
League had to seek out a different route to an architectural education. She found a job as an apprentice at the Macon firm of [[Dunwody and Oliphant]], where she worked from 1922 to 1929.{{sfn|League|1946|p=1}} While working, she took correspondence courses{{sfn|Brock|2004|p=16}} from the [[Beaux-Arts Institute of Design]] (BAID) from 1924 to 1926.{{sfn|League|1946|p=1}} BAID was modeled after the [[École des Beaux-Arts]] in France and League wanted to take her education further in that vein. Leaving her young children with her parents, she continued her education with a year at [[Ecole des Beaux-Arts at Fontainebleau]], which she attended with her cousin Nell Choate Shute in 1927 and 1928. Of the thirty people in her architecture class there, only three were women.{{sfn|Brock|2004|p=16}}
[[File:Herman_Shaver_House,_Wayside,_GA,_US.jpg|thumb|left|The [[Herman and Allene Shaver House]] (1936)|alt=A brick home with brown trim and a large lawn in front.]] Upon her return she worked with other architects in Macon including George W. Shelverton and William F. Oliphant. When Oliphant started his own firm, League went with him along with Delmar A. Warren, a Georgia Tech student. Oliphant died suddenly in April 1933 at the age of 40,{{r|withey}} leaving League and Warren with a problem – neither was licensed, so they could finish existing commissions but could not legally accept new work.{{sfn|Love|1981|pp=16–17|ps=. cited in {{harvnb|Brock|2004|p=16}}}}
The state registration for architects in Georgia required either an architecture degree (which League did not have) or ten years of experience in a licensed office (which she did) and passing a week-long examination. Her uncle gave her a crash course in the engineering parts of the test with which she was not familiar. She passed that part of the exam but failed the test on design – which was her strong suit. (One of the examiners disliked her submission). She commented later that the test was "designed to keep you out." She quickly retook that part of the exam and passed.{{sfn|Love|1981|pp=18–19|ps=. cited in {{harvnb|Brock|2004|pp=16–17}}}}
===Her own practice=== League opened her own firm in October 1933.{{sfn|League|1946|p=1}} At that time only two percent of American architects were women, and the percentage of women architects in Georgia was particularly low. League was only the fourth woman registered as an architect in the state.{{sfn|Smith|1979|p=85-87|ps=. cited in {{harvnb|Brock|2004|p=17}}}} Most women architects at this time concentrated on residence design, but League took on a wide variety of projects.{{sfn|Brock|2004|p=17}} The list of her commissions from 1934 through 1969 includes many residences but also offices, retail stores, churches, schools, public housing, auditoriums, gymnasiums, hospitals, a service station and a reservoir.{{sfn|Love|League|2004}}
[[File:1271_S._Jackson_Springs_Road.JPG|right|thumb|The Lee Happ house (1941) at 1271 South Jackson Springs Road in Shirley Hills in Macon is her "best known and most copied residential design".{{sfn|Brock|2004|p=13}}|alt=Photo of a two-story brick home painted grey with black shutters.]] {{blockquote |text=I am always an architect. Not a woman architect, but an architect. I encourage women going into the profession not to concentrate on being separate as a woman but to concentrate on being a good architect. |author=Ellamae Ellis League |source=''[[Macon Telegraph]]'' interview, 1962{{r|telegraph2016}}}}
As her firm was founded in the middle of the [[Great Depression]], one source of non-residence projects was commissions by the [[Public Works Administration]]. League designed a number of schools and hospitals. These became "her favorite projects, because they were so complex and were public buildings."{{sfn|Brock|2004|p=17}}
Another source of many commissions was James H. Porter, president of the Macon-based [[Bibb Manufacturing Company]].{{sfn|Pallante|1999|p=7}} His philanthropic commissions for League in Macon led to work in other locations where Bibb had operations around the statue, including [[Porterdale, Georgia|Porterdale]]{{r|gatrust}} and [[Bibb City, Georgia|Bibb City]].{{r|nrhp_bibb}}
League did not establish her own distinctive style but instead followed the Ecole des Beaux Arts philosophy of "designing something that answers the need of the owner as far as function is concerned and which is pleasant to look at for both the owner and the public."{{sfn|Love|1981|p=46|ps=. cited in {{harvnb|Brock|2004|p=17}}}} She designed buildings in such styles as [[Colonial Revival architecture|Colonial Revival]]{{sfn|Pallante|1999|p=6}}{{sfn|Speno|2014|p=7}}{{r|gashpo2013}}, [[Classical Revival architecture|Classical Revival]]{{r|nrhp_bibb}}, [[Vernacular architecture|French Vernacular Revival]],{{sfn|Speno|2014|p=7}} [[Modern architecture|Contemporary]],{{sfn|Speno|2014|p=4}} and others.
Her firm expanded in the [[Post-World War II]] era, and League hired many young architects and gave them their start.{{sfn|Brock|2004|p=18}} One was Georgia Tech student Bernard A. Webb, who went on to design noted residences in the Macon area himself.{{r|webb}} League's own daughter Jean (later known as Jean League Newton) graduated from the [[Harvard School of Design]] in 1944{{r|sun1956}} and joined League in her architectural practice.{{sfn|Berkeley|McQuaid|1989|p=180}} The firm eventually changed its name to League, Warren & Riley.{{sfn|Pallante|1999|p=7}}
Over her career League undertook commissions in five states and 42 different counties in Georgia. A collection of 9,200 of her architectural drawings is held at the [[Middle Georgia Regional Library System|Washington Memorial Library]] in Macon.{{r|bibblib}}
===Community involvement=== She was selected to be a member of the [[American Institute of Architects]] (AIA) in June 1944,{{sfn|AIA|1991|p=6}} only the second woman from Georgia. For years she was the only woman member of the Atlanta chapter of AIA, and held several offices at the chapter and state level.{{sfn|Brock|2004|p=18}} In 1957 she established the Macon chapter of AIA and was its first president. Later she was chairman of the committee formed to unify the Georgia chapters, and served as president of the resulting Georgia Council of AIA from 1963 to 1964.{{sfn|Brock|2004|p=19}}
In 1968 League became the first woman in Georgia to be named a [[Fellow of the American Institute of Architects]],{{r|allaback}} having been nominated for that honor by the Georgia Council "for service to the profession."{{r|faia_nomination}} She was one of only eight women architects named an FAIA up to that date.{{sfn|Ray|2005}}
She was also involved in various civic organizations in Macon including the Macon Civic Improvement Committee and the Macon Little Theater.{{sfn|Brock|2004|p=19}} When demolition was threatened for Macon's [[Grand Opera House (Macon, Georgia)|Grand Opera House]] in 1967, League helped form the Macon Arts Council, Inc. to save it, and subsequently supervised the restoration of the building in 1969 and 1970.{{r|nrhp_opera}}
===Later life===
League retired from her practice in 1975 after suffering a serious illness{{r|illness}} but remained an [[Emeritus]] member of AIA.{{sfn|AIA|1991|p=23}} She continued to receive honors from her profession after her retirement (see [[#Honors|Honors]] below). She died on March 4, 1991{{sfn|Ray|2005}} and is buried in [[Riverside Cemetery (Macon, Georgia)|Riverside Cemetery]] in Macon.{{r|telegraph2016b}}{{r|riverside}}
The tradition of architects in League's family has continued. Along with her daughter Jean, her grandson Joseph Choate League Jr. (1944-2018) was also an architect.{{sfn|Cloues|2008|p=19}}
==NRHP listed properties == League designed, collaborated on, or restored a number of properties now listed on the [[National Register of Historic Places]] (NRHP):
[[File:Jones County High School, Gray, GA, US (02).jpg|right|thumb|[[Jones County High School]] (1936)|alt=Photo of a red brick building with white trim.]] * [[Jones County High School]] (aka Gray High School) 161 W Clinton St, [[Gray, Georgia]] (1936) {{sfn|Pallante|1999}} One of League's Public Works Administration commissions, it is now repurposed as the W.E. Knox Civic Center.{{r|jonesnews}} * [[Herman and Allene Shaver House]], 1421 Monticello Highway, Wayside, Georgia (1936){{r|nrhp_shaver}} * [[Ellamae Ellis League House]], 1790 Waverland Drive, Macon, Georgia (1940) League's own home from 1940 until her death.{{sfn|Brock|2004}}{{r|nps}} * [[Joseph and Mary Jane League House]] 1849 Waverland Dr, Macon, Georgia (1950){{sfn|Cloues|2008}}{{r|telegraph2009}} (designed with her daughter Jean League Newton){{sfn|Speno|2014|p=9}} * Renovation and restoration of the [[Grand Opera House (Macon, Georgia)]] (1968–1970){{sfn|Ray|2005}}{{sfn|McMullen|2013|p=19}}{{r|nrhp_opera}}
==Other works== Selected additional works by League: * Porter Memorial Gymnasium, 2201 Main St, [[Porterdale, Georgia]] (1938),{{r|gashpo2013}} part of the [[Porterdale Historic District]].{{r|nrhp_porterdale}} Damaged by fire in October 2005, it was converted in an [[adaptive reuse]] to become an outdoor event center,{{r|rockdale}} winning a [[Georgia Trust for Historic Preservation]] award.{{r|lks}}{{r|gatrust}} *Leonard House (1939), 213 N. Harris St., [[Sandersville, Georgia]], a one-story brick [[Colonial Revival architecture|Colonial Revival]] style house with paired end chimneys, a parapet roof and accentuated front doorway, in the [[North Harris Street Historic District]]. It seems League also designed other homes in the district at about the same time.{{r|nrhp_harris}} * Comer Auditorium, 107 41st Street, Bibb City, Georgia (1941), part of the [[Bibb City Historic District]].{{r|nrhp_bibb}} Damaged by rain in 2011, it was restored at a cost of $2 Million in 2013 and is now known as the Comer Center.{{r|comer_reopen}}{{r|wtvm}} * Alexander School No. IV (1948 addition), 3769 Ridge Avenue, Macon, Georgia, in the [[Ingleside Historic District]]. She also designed 3359 Osborne Place (1955–1956), 3395 Osborne Place (1940 & 1955), 3396 Osborne Place (1950s), 3180 Ingleside Avenue (1964–1965), and other works on Ridge Avenue, Riverdale Drive, and Vista Circle in the district.{{r|nrhp_ingleside}} * [[Ballard-Hudson High School]] in Macon, Georgia (1949).{{r|ballard}} Demolished circa 2005.{{r|historic2009}}{{sfn|Love|League|2004|p=17,29}} * Twenty-two contributing residences built between 1937 and 1959 in the [[Shirley Hills Historic District]] in Macon, Georgia.{{sfn|Speno|2014}} * Mr. & Mrs. J. C. Haynes Residence, 3100 N. Craycroft Road, [[Tucson, Arizona]] (1956){{r|milburn}}{{sfn|Love|League|2004|p=26}} * Mr. & Mrs. William Best Jr. Residence, 11450 E. Speedway, Tucson, Arizona (1957){{r|mcmaster}} * Scottish Rite Temple, 1985 Vineville Ave, Macon, Georgia. (1962).{{sfn|McMullen|2013|p=18}}{{sfn|Love|League|2004|p=28}} * "Grand Topper" House, 1884 Long Ridge Place, Macon, Georgia. (1970) Built to be auctioned off to raise funds for the Grand Opera House restoration, it was later owned by [[Gregg Allman]].{{r|allman}}
==Honors== League was awarded the Alumnae Award for Distinguished Achievement by Wesleyan College in 1969.{{r|wesleyan1969}} She received the Ivan Allen Senior Trophy for her work on the Macon opera house renovation in 1975.{{sfn|Brock|2004|p=12}} On her retirement, League was presented the AIA Bronze Medal for "outstanding service to the AIA and/or the community." The Georgia chapter bestowed their Bernard R. Rothschild FAIA Award ("the highest honor AIA Georgia can bestow on an individual") on her in 1982, its inaugural year.{{r|aiaga}} In 2016 she was posthumously inducted into the [[Georgia Women of Achievement]] Hall of Fame.{{r|telegraph2016}}
==See also== * [[Henrietta Cuttino Dozier]] – the first woman architect in Georgia{{sfn|Brock|2004|p=10-11}} * [[Julia Morgan]] – another early woman architect in California who had a career similar to League's{{sfn|Brock|2004|p=9-10}} * [[Leila Ross Wilburn]] – another of the first woman architects in Georgia, also born in Macon{{sfn|Brock|2004|p=11}}
== References == ===Notes=== {{reflist|30em|refs= <ref name="telegraph2016">{{cite news|title=Three Georgia women to be honored posthumously Wednesday at Wesleyan |author=Corley, Laura |newspaper=[[Macon Telegraph]] |date=March 6, 2016 |url=http://www.macon.com/news/local/article64469197.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160308112854/http://www.macon.com/news/local/article64469197.html |archive-date=March 8, 2016 |access-date=April 9, 2017 }}</ref> <ref name="telegraph2009">{{cite news|title=House in Shirley Hills getting historic designation today |author=Kovac Jr., Joe |date=February 20, 2009 |newspaper=Macon Telegraph |url=http://www.macon.com/news/article28561393.html |access-date=April 15, 2017 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170415021121/http://www.macon.com/news/article28561393.html |archive-date=April 15, 2017 }}</ref> <ref name="nps">{{cite web|title=Ellamae Ellis League House, Macon, Georgia |website=[[National Park Service]] |date=March 2003 |url=https://www.nps.gov/nr/feature/wom/2005/ellamae.htm |access-date=April 9, 2017 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150702022457/http://www.nps.gov/nr/feature/wom/2005/ellamae.htm |archive-date=July 2, 2015 }}</ref> <ref name=gashpo2013>{{cite web | title=Porterdale is Georgia's 85th Certified Local Government | date=January 30, 2013 | website=[[Georgia Department of Natural Resources]] Historic Preservation Division | url=http://georgiashpo.org/node/2161 | access-date=April 9, 2017 | quote=The City of Porterdale is currently involved in several preservation projects, including the rehabilitation of the Colonial Revival-style Porter Memorial Gymnasium. Built in 1938, the historic gymnasium was designed by noted Macon architect Ellamae Ellis League and served as a community space until burning in 2005. The city broke ground on rehabilitating the gymnasium earlier this month. | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180313031614/http://georgiashpo.org/node/2161 | archive-date=March 13, 2018 | url-status=usurped }}</ref> <ref name=nrhp_shaver>{{cite web|url=https://www.nps.gov/nr/feature/places/pdfs/13000813.pdf |title=National Register of Historic Places Inventory/Nomination: Herman and Allene Shaver House |publisher=[[National Park Service]] |author1=Moffson, Steven |author2=Acosta, Ruben |date=August 2013 |access-date=April 12, 2017 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170216101349/https://www.nps.gov/nr/feature/places/pdfs/13000813.pdf |archive-date=February 16, 2017 }} Includes 25 photos from 2013.</ref> <ref name="telegraph2016b">{{cite news|title=A colorful past and cultural present in Macon |author=Walden, Katherine |date=October 27, 2016 |newspaper=Macon Telegraph |url=http://www.macon.com/living/liv-columns-blogs/article110861107.html |access-date=April 10, 2017 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161028131348/http://www.macon.com/living/liv-columns-blogs/article110861107.html |archive-date=October 28, 2016 |quote=The history of some of the other more famous citizens included Jane Winston as Ellamae Ellis League, who practiced architecture in Macon for more than 50 years in the last half of the 20th century, after working for the Dunwody firm, which encouraged her to attend architecture school — a most unusual move in a then male-dominated field. League's work, which included houses, commercial buildings, schools, public housing and hospitals is represented on the National Trust's list of historically significant structures. }}</ref> <ref name=bibblib>{{cite web|title=Ellamae Ellis League Inducted in the Georgia Women of Achievement Hall of Fame |date=March 10, 2016 |access-date=April 10, 2016 |website=[[Middle Georgia Regional Library System]] |url=http://www.bibblib.org/news/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170129150457/http://www.bibblib.org/news/ |archive-date=January 29, 2017 |quote=In 1934 League became part of the only two percent of American architects who were women at that time. Over 9,200 of League's architectural drawings are held at the Washington Memorial Library including commissions within five states and forty-two Georgia counties. }}</ref> <ref name=allaback>{{cite book|title=The First American Women Architects |author=Allaback, Sarah |year=2008 |pages=4,238 |location=Urbana |publisher=[[University of Illinois Press]] |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OpY0KmICqKYC&pg=PA238 |access-date=April 10, 2017 |isbn=9780252033216 |oclc=167518574 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170410133531/https://books.google.com/books?id=OpY0KmICqKYC |archive-date=April 10, 2017 }}</ref> <ref name=jonesnews>{{cite news |title=Civic Center to be renamed for W. E. Knox |author=Lurie-Smith, Debbie |date=July 19, 2007 |newspaper=The Jones County News |url=http://www.stpns.net/view_article.html?articleId=54342134342145242 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110107192855/http://www.stpns.net/view_article.html?articleId=54342134342145242 |archive-date=2011-01-07 |access-date=April 10, 2017 |quote=...friends and former Jones County High School students who filled the Charlotte Wilson Conference Room at the Government Center supporting the request of Sam Kelly....Kelly said he focused on the old high school building after a conversation with former Commission Chairman G.B. Moore III. Kelly said he told Moore his idea of naming something for Knox and Moore suggested the former high school building. }}</ref> <ref name=aiaga>{{cite web | title=Honor Awards Presented by the American Institute of Architects, Georgia Association | date=2013 | website=AIA Georgia | url=https://www.aiaga.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/8/2015/02/Honor-Award-Recipients-Historical.pdf | access-date=April 10, 2017 | archive-date=April 26, 2017 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170426062950/https://www.aiaga.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/8/2015/02/Honor-Award-Recipients-Historical.pdf | url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref name=bwaf>{{cite web|title=Built By Women: Ellamae Ellis League Residence, Macon, Georgia |date=August 2, 2014 |url=http://bwaf.org/built-by-women-ellamae-ellis-league-residence-macon-georgia/ |website=[[Beverly Willis]] Architecture Foundation |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141205175603/http://bwaf.org/built-by-women-ellamae-ellis-league-residence-macon-georgia/ |archive-date=December 5, 2014 }}</ref> <ref name=rockdale>{{cite news| title=Care being given to restore Porterdale Gym as architect intended |url=http://www.rockdalenewtoncitizen.com/news/care-being-given-to-restore-porterdale-gym-as-architect-intended/article_326c25ad-5030-5095-acc0-4134a7c81f60.html | newspaper=Rockdale Newton Citizen | author=Knowles, Barbara | date=May 17, 2013 | access-date=April 10, 2017 | url-status=live | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220202223905/https://www.rockdalenewtoncitizen.com/news/care-being-given-to-restore-porterdale-gym-as-architect-intended/article_326c25ad-5030-5095-acc0-4134a7c81f60.html | archive-date=February 2, 2022}}</ref> <ref name=gatech_women>{{cite web|title=Georgia Tech Celebrates 50 Years of Women |url=http://www.news.gatech.edu/2003/03/21/georgia-tech-celebrates-50-years-women |date=March 21, 2003 |author=Terraso, David |website=Georgia Tech |access-date=April 10, 2017 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140819090210/http://www.news.gatech.edu/2003/03/21/georgia-tech-celebrates-50-years-women |archive-date=August 19, 2014 }}</ref> <ref name=lks>{{cite web| title=Porter Memorial Gymnasium | url=https://www.lksarchitects.com/porter-memorial-gym | website=Lominack Kolman Smith Architects | date=2013 | access-date=April 10, 2017 | url-status=live | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210514171222/https://www.lksarchitects.com/porter-memorial-gym | archive-date=May 14, 2021 }} (Includes 9 photos of the building).</ref> <ref name=nrhp_harris>{{cite web|url={{NRHP url|id=89000801}}|title=National Register of Historic Places Registration: North Harris Street Historic District |publisher=[[National Park Service]]|author=Raflo, Lisa |date=May 1989 |access-date=April 13, 2017 }} With {{NRHP url|id=89000801|photos=y|title=28 photos from June 1988}}</ref> <ref name=colmuseum>{{cite web|title=Creator Record – Shute, Nell Choate |url=http://columbusmuseum.pastperfectonline.com/bycreator?keyword=Shute%2C+Nell+Choate |website=[[Columbus Museum]] |access-date=April 15, 2017 |quote=Nell Choate Shute was the product of a very talented family whose other members included the painter Nell Choate Jones and the architect Ellamae League. |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170415021341/http://columbusmuseum.pastperfectonline.com/bycreator?keyword=Shute%2C%2BNell%2BChoate |archive-date=April 15, 2017 }}</ref> <ref name=nrhp_ingleside>{{cite web|url=https://www.nps.gov/nr/feature/places/pdfs/16000231.pdf |title=National Register of Historic Places Registration: Ingleside Historic District |publisher=[[National Park Service]] |last=Speno |first=Lynn |date=February 2016 |access-date=April 14, 2017 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170131204420/https://www.nps.gov/nr/feature/places/pdfs/16000231.pdf |archive-date=January 31, 2017 }} Includes 39 photos from October 2014.</ref> <ref name=sun1956>{{cite news|title=Talk About Careers |author=Howard, Trudy | date=February 26, 1956 |page=43|newspaper=[[The San Bernardino Sun]] |quote=Prejudice against older women? Not any more than against younger women! Down in Macon, Ga., Ellamae League started her career, in order to support her two children, without a day's previous training. Her first job was as a draftswoman in the office of a local architect. In 1928, convinced that architecture was the field for her, she left her two children with their grandmother and went off to study at the Ecole des Beaux Arts. After serving her apprenticeship, she opened her own office in Georgia about 20 years ago. Her architectural assignments have included working on schools, mill villages, stores, factories, private homes and the Macon airport building. Besides, she has a bonus satisfaction in her career. Her daughter, Jean, who graduated from the Harvard School of Design in 1944, also is a full-fledged architect today.}}</ref> <ref name=historic2009>{{cite web|author=Herold, Kendall |url=http://www.newscentralga.com/news/local/63483937.html |title=Ballard Hudson Middle School: A 'Historic' Dedication |publisher=News Central |date=October 4, 2009 |access-date=31 August 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120318035540/http://www.newscentralga.com/news/local/63483937.html |archive-date=18 March 2012 }}</ref> <ref name=ballard>{{cite web|author=League, Ellamae Ellis|title=Senior High School for Negro Boys and Girls for Bibb County Board of Education and Orphanage| date=1949 |url=http://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/file/11976 | quote=Ballard-Hudson High School in Bibb County was designed by Ellamae Ellis League, who opened her own architecture practice in Macon in 1934. Before her retirement in 1975, League designed many churches, schools, and hospitals, which were reportedly her favorite projects. | via= Middle Georgia Archives, Washington Memorial Library}}</ref> <ref name="little_martha">{{cite news |title=Little Martha's Death is Not Her Own |author=Fain, Travis |newspaper=[[Macon Telegraph]] |date=November 10, 2003 |url=http://allmanbrothersband.com/modules.php?op=modload&name=News&file=article&sid=302 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170426063550/http://allmanbrothersband.com/modules.php?op=modload&name=News&file=article&sid=302 |url-status=dead |archive-date=April 26, 2017 |access-date=April 18, 2017 |quote=Joe League lives in Shirley Hills and always understood himself to be related to the Ellis family through his mother – Ellamae Ellis League, a prominent local architect much like Martha's brother Curran. The family trees available don't list the same names, but it seems likely League's side branched off before Martha was born. League believes his great-grandfather was a brother of Martha's grandfather, William Ellis. }}</ref> <ref name=wesleyan1969>{{cite magazine|title=Ellamae Ellis League, Class of 1921 |magazine=The Wesleyan Alumnae |date=May 1969 |page=22 | location=Macon, Georgia | publisher=Wesleyan College Alumnae Assn.|url=https://archive.org/details/1969May |access-date=April 19, 2017 | oclc= 17682092 }}</ref> <ref name=riverside>{{cite web |title=Interment: Ellamae Ellis League |website=Riverside Cemetery |url=http://genealogy.riversidecemetery.com/genealogy/interment?InterID=8495 |access-date=April 19, 2017 |quote=Lot Designation: Daisy, Row G, Lot 14 }}{{Dead link|date=October 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot }} Includes obituary, gravestone photo and useful links.</ref> <ref name=illness>{{cite letter |first=Ellamae Ellis |last=League |recipient=American Institute of Architects |subject=Application for Emeritus Status |language=en |date=December 3, 1977 }} found in {{harvnb|AIA|1991|p=20}}</ref> <ref name=faia_nomination>"Nomination for Fellowship by Chapter". (September 27, 1967) found in {{harvnb|AIA|1991|pp=8–12}}</ref> <ref name=withey>{{cite book | author1=Withey, Henry F. |author2=Withey, Elsie Rathburn |title=Biographical Dictionary of American Architects (Deceased) |orig-date=1956 | publisher=Hennessey & Ingalls, Inc. (Facsimile Edition) | year=1970| page=448 |url=https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015016627583;view=1up;seq=452 |access-date=April 23, 2017 }}</ref> <ref name=nrhp_bibb>{{cite web|url={{NRHP url|id=10000037}}|title=National Register of Historic Places Inventory/Nomination: Bibb City Historic District |publisher=[[National Park Service]]|last=Brock |first=Gretchen A. |date=December 2009 |access-date=April 24, 2017 |pages=20, 24}} With {{NRHP url|id=10000037|photos=y|title=7 photos from October 2008}}</ref> <ref name=comer_reopen>{{cite news|title=Renovated Comer Center reopens after $2 million in repairs | author=Owen, Mike|newspaper=[[Columbus Ledger-Enquirer]] |date=August 29, 2013 |url=http://www.ledger-enquirer.com/news/local/article29303389.html | access-date=April 24, 2017 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170425032448/http://www.ledger-enquirer.com/news/local/article29303389.html | archive-date=April 25, 2017 }}</ref> <ref name=gatrust>{{cite web |title=2015 Preservation Awards: Excellence in Preservation – Porter Memorial Gymnasium, Porterdale, Newton County, Porterdale, Newton County |website=[[Georgia Trust for Historic Preservation]] |year=2015 |url=http://www.georgiatrust.org/preservation/2015_award_winners/portergym.php |access-date=April 25, 2017 |quote=Constructed in 1938, the Porter Memorial Gymnasium was a gift to the city of Porterdale from Oliver and Julia Porter, owners of the Bibb Manufacturing Company. |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161231165558/http://www.georgiatrust.org/preservation/2015_award_winners/portergym.php |archive-date=December 31, 2016 }}</ref> <ref name=nrhp_porterdale>{{cite web|url={{NRHP url|id=01000974}}|title=National Register of Historic Places Registration: Porterdale Historic District |publisher=[[National Park Service]]|last=Moffson|first=Steven|date=July 2001 |access-date=April 25, 2017 }} With {{NRHP url|id=01000974|photos=y|title=71 photos from October 2001}}, #12 is the Porter Gymnasium.</ref> <ref name=wtvm>{{cite web |title=Weather damage repaired, Comer Center returns to Bibb City |url=http://www.walb.com/story/23353665/weather-damage-repaired-comer-center-returns-to-bibb-city |website=[[WTVM]] |via=[[WALB]] |date=September 5, 2013 |access-date=April 25, 2017 |quote=Formerly known as Comer Auditorium, it returns to the community after a long hiatus. The building on 41st street has been a venue for concerts, sporting events, and a place for the youth of Columbus to spend time after school since 1941. Bill Holland remembers it as his home away from home. |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170519112846/http://www.walb.com/story/23353665/weather-damage-repaired-comer-center-returns-to-bibb-city |archive-date=May 19, 2017 }}</ref> <ref name=nrhp_opera>{{cite web|url={{NRHP url|id=70000196}}|title=National Register of Historic Places Inventory/Nomination: Grand Opera House |publisher=[[National Park Service]]|last=Mitchell|first=William R.|date=April 1970 |access-date=April 25, 2017 |pages=2, 3 |quote=The same commendation as above could be given Mrs. League and her staff. They have carefully restored and refurbished what was relatively well-preserved, and put back anything taken away after 1905....In 1967 and 1968 to save the about to be razed building, the Macon Arts Council, Inc. was formed under the guidance of prominent citizens, including the architect Mrs. Ellamae Ellis League. }} With {{NRHP url|id=70000196|photos=y|title=3 photos from June 1970}}</ref> <ref name=allman>{{cite news |title=Gregg Allman and Cher had hidden hideaway in 'Grand Topper' house | date=June 2, 2017 | author=Fabian, Liz | newspaper=[[Macon Telegraph]] | url-status=live | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170629163724/https://www.macon.com/news/local/article153863999.html | archive-date=June 29, 2017 | url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/94062166/gregg-allman-and-cher-had-hidden/ | page=1A,[https://www.newspapers.com/clip/94062353/gregg-allman-and-cher-had-hidden/ 9A] | via=newspapers.com}}</ref> <ref name=webb>{{cite news|url=https://www.macon.com/news/local/article59546411.html |title=Macon home listed on National Register of Historic Places | date=February 10, 2016 | newspaper=[[Macon Telegraph]] | url-status=live | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160211091929/https://www.macon.com/news/local/article59546411.html | archive-date=February 11, 2016 }}</ref> <ref name=milburn>{{cite news|title=We Wanted A Completely Informal House|author=Milburn, Betty| newspaper=[[Tucson Daily Citizen]] | date=September 28, 1957 | page=39 | url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/22895090/haynes_home_designed_by_ellamae_ellis/ | via=[[newspapers.com]] |access-date=November 21, 2018 | url-status=live | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181121125404/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/22895090/haynes_home_designed_by_ellamae_ellis/ | archive-date=November 21, 2018 | quote=The charming wing-swept new home of Mr. and Mrs. John Haynes Jr. was designed by Ellamae Ellis League, AIA, long-time friend from Macon, Ga.}} Includes 4 photos.</ref> <ref name=mcmaster>{{cite news|title=Burnt Adobe Accents Best Home|author=McMaster, Cecilia| newspaper=[[Tucson Daily Citizen]] | date=November 16, 1957 | page=36 | url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/7317191/tucson_daily_citizen/ | via=[[newspapers.com]] |access-date=November 21, 2018 | url-status=live | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181121131007/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/7317191/tucson_daily_citizen/ | archive-date=November 21, 2018 | quote=From the soft Moroccan rugs to the furniture and accessories, shades of beige, brown and black were chosen for this home designed by Mrs. Ellamae Ellis League, AIA, Mrs. Best's sister of Macon, Ga.}} Includes 3 photos.</ref> }}
=== Sources and further reading === * {{cite web |title=Ellamae Ellis League (1899–1991) Membership File |work=The AIA Historical Directory of American Architects |location=Washington, D.C. |publisher=[[American Institute of Architects]] |url=http://public.aia.org/sites/hdoaa/wiki/AIA%20scans/I-L/League_EllamaeEllis.pdf |access-date=April 23, 2017 |ref={{sfnref|AIA|1991}} |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170515135143/http://public.aia.org/sites/hdoaa/wiki/AIA%20scans/I-L/League_EllamaeEllis.pdf |archive-date=May 15, 2017 }} * {{cite book|title=Architecture: A Place for Women|last1=Berkeley|first1=Ellen Perry|first2=Matilda|last2=McQuaid|year=1989|location=Washington|publisher=[[Smithsonian Institution Press]]|pages=[https://archive.org/details/architecture00chol/page/179 179–180]|isbn=9780874742312|oclc=18521262|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/architecture00chol/page/179}} * {{cite web|last=Brock |first=Gretchen A. |url={{NRHP url|id=05000053}}|title=National Register of Historic Places Inventory/Nomination: League, Ellamae Ellis, House |publisher=[[National Park Service]] |date=December 2004 |access-date=April 13, 2017 }} With {{NRHP url|id=05000053|photos=y|title=17 photos from 2004}} * {{cite web|last=Cloues |first=Richard |title=National Register of Historic Places Nomination: League, Joseph and Mary Jane, House |url=http://www.nps.gov/history/nr/feature/weekly_features/LeagueHouse.pdf |date=November 14, 2008 |publisher=National Park Service |access-date=April 19, 2017 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121103230639/http://www.nps.gov/history/nr/feature/weekly_features/LeagueHouse.pdf |archive-date=November 3, 2012 }} (57 pages, including 26 photos) * {{Citation |last=League |first=Ellamae Ellis |year=1946 |title=Questionnaire for Architects' Roster and/or Register of Architects Qualified for Federal Public Works |work=The AIA Historical Directory of American Architects |publisher=[[American Institute of Architects]] |location=Washington, DC |url=http://public.aia.org/sites/hdoaa/wiki/AIA%20scans/Rosters/LeaguEllamE_roster.pdf |access-date=April 18, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170426061954/http://public.aia.org/sites/hdoaa/wiki/AIA%20scans/Rosters/LeaguEllamE_roster.pdf |archive-date=April 26, 2017 }} * {{cite thesis |last=Love |first=Margaret Whitaker |date=August 1981 |title=Ellamae Ellis League FAIA |type=[[M.Arch]] |publisher=[[Georgia Institute of Technology]] |hdl=1853/22358 |oclc=881443374 |url=http://hdl.handle.net/1853/22358 |access-date=April 14, 2017 | url-access=subscription }} (Unpublished thesis) * {{citation |last1=Love |first1=Margaret Whitaker |last2=League | first2=Joe Sr. | orig-date=1981 | title=List of Documented Ellamae Ellis League's Architectural Commissions (as amended by Joe League, Sr.) | publisher=[[National Park Service]] |date=December 2004 }} found in {{harvnb|Brock|2004|pp=27–56}} * {{cite magazine | title=Always an architect | last=McMullen | first=Cynthia | date=Winter 2013 | pages=16–19 | magazine=Wesleyan Magazine | publisher=[[Wesleyan College]] | url=https://issuu.com/wesleyancollege/docs/wesmagwinter13web | access-date=April 10, 2017 }} * {{cite web|last=Pallante |first=Amy |url={{NRHP url|id=99000555}}|title=National Register of Historic Places Inventory/Nomination: Jones County High School |publisher=[[National Park Service]] |date=March 1999 |access-date=April 13, 2017 }} With {{NRHP url|id=99000555|photos=y|title=14 photos from 1999}} * {{cite web|last=Ray |first=Bamby | url=http://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/articles/arts-culture/ellamae-ellis-league-1899-1991 | title=Ellamae Ellis League (1899–1991) |website=[[New Georgia Encyclopedia]] | year=2005 | access-date=April 14, 2017 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150905163909/http://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/articles/arts-culture/ellamae-ellis-league-1899-1991 | archive-date=September 5, 2015 }} (Updated May 31, 2016) * {{cite journal|journal=Atlanta Historical Journal |volume=XXIII |issue=4 |date=Winter 1979 | pages=85–108 |title=Women Architects in Atlanta, 1895–1979 |last=Smith |first=Susan |url=http://album.atlantahistorycenter.com/cdm/compoundobject/collection/AHBull/id/23429/rec/3 |access-date=September 4, 2018}} * {{cite web|url=https://www.nps.gov/nr/feature/places/pdfs/14000269.pdf |title=National Register of Historic Places Inventory/Nomination: Shirley Hills Historic District (Boundary Increase and Additional Documentation) |publisher=[[National Park Service]] |last=Speno |first=Lynn |date=April 2014 |access-date=April 12, 2017 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202182734/https://www.nps.gov/nr/feature/places/pdfs/14000269.pdf |archive-date=February 2, 2017 }} Includes 60 photos from January 2013, #36 & #41 are of League's buildings.
==External links== {{commons category}} * [https://dna.bwaf.org/architect/league-ellamae-ellis Ellamae Ellis League] biography in the [[Beverly Willis]] Architecture Foundation's Dynamic National Archive of Women Architects
{{Georgia Women of Achievement}} {{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:League, Ellamae Ellis}} [[Category:1899 births]] [[Category:1991 deaths]] [[Category:People from Macon, Georgia]] [[Category:Architects from Georgia (U.S. state)]] [[Category:American women architects]] [[Category:20th-century American architects]] [[Category:Beaux Arts architects]] [[Category:Fellows of the American Institute of Architects]] [[Category:Beaux-Arts Institute of Design (New York City) alumni]] [[Category:20th-century American women]]